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| 1 | Root Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Two Rice Cultivars with Different Nitrogen-Use Efficiency显示文摘The variation in nitrogen (N) uptake by rice has been widely studied but differences in rice root morphology that may contribute to this variation are not completely understood. Field and greenhouse experiments were carried out to study N accumulation, root dry weights, total root lengths, root surface areas, and root bleeding rates of two rice cultivars, Elio with low N-use efficiency and Nanguang with high N-use efficiency. Low (1 mmol N L-1) and high (5 mmol N L-1) N applications were established in the greenhouse experiment, and the N rates were 0, 120, and 240 kg ha-1 in the field experiments at Jiangning and Jiangpu farms, Nanjing, China. The results showed that the N accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area increased with an increase in N application. At the heading stage, N accumulation in the shoots and roots of Nanguang was greater than that of Elio in the field experiments and that of Elio at 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. After the heading stage, N accumulation was higher for Nanguang at both 1 and 5 mmol N L-1 in the greenhouse experiment. The total root length and root surface area were significantly different between the two cultivars. Over the range of the fertilizer application rates, the root lengths of Nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%-61% greater at booting and 26%-39% greater at heading than those of Elio, and at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%-42% and 26%-38% greater, respectively. Nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio. It was concluded that the N-use efficiency of the two rice cultivars studied depended to a great extent on the root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristics at different growth stages. | FAN Jian-Bo ZHANG Ya-Li D. TURNER DUAN Yin-Hua WANG Dong-Sheng SHEN Qi-Rong | 2010 | Pedosphere2010，20，4： | 33 |
| 2 | Model-Based Integrated Methods for Quantitative Estimation of Soil Salinity from Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data:A Case Study of Selected South African Soils显示文摘Soil salinization is a land degradation process that leads to reduced agricultural yields. This study investigated the method that can best predict electrical conductivity (EC) in dry soils using individual bands, a normalized difference salinity index (NDSI), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and bagging PLSR. Soil spectral reflectance of dried, ground, and sieved soil samples containing varying amounts of EC was measured using an ASD FieldSpec spectrometer in a darkroom. Predictive models were computed using a training dataset. An independent validation dataset was used to validate the models. The results showed that good predictions could be made based on bagging PLSR using first derivative reflectance (validation R2 = 0.85), PLSR using untransformed reflectance (validation R2 = 0.70), NDSI (validation R2 = 0.65), and the untransformed individual band at 2257 nm (validation R2 = 0.60) predictive models. These suggested the potential of mapping soil salinity using airborne and/or satellite hyperspectral data during dry seasons. | Z. E. MASHIMBYE M. A. CHO J. P. NELL W. P. DE CLERCQ A. VAN NIEKERK D. P. TURNER | 2012 | Pedosphere2012，22，5： | 29 |
| 3 | 项目管理理论及其架构显示文摘一种观点认为缺乏全面的理论是阻碍项目管理被认可为一门管理学科的因素,现存的被系统观点所统治的项目管理理论更多地被视做工程学的分支,而不是管理学。更进一步,现存的理论是建立在大量源自经验证据的假设基础上的,这使得最终产生的理论似乎仅仅是建立在假设基础上的经验证据。这些假设使用了复杂的需要进一步界定的概念,这又使得项目管理理论似乎仅仅是一些定义。在这篇文章中,作者提出一套建立在五个简单的、自然的前提之上的关于项目管理的理论。这些前提不需要假设,所使用的简单的、自然的概念也不需要进一步界定(或者,另外一种情况是概念是由前面的前提得出的)。 | Rodney Turner 杨伟 杨玉武 | 2006 | 项目管理技术2006，4，10： | 17 |
| 4 | 非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病冠状动脉疾病的危险因素:英国糖尿病前瞻性研究(UKPDS:23)显示文摘目的:评价2型糖尿病患者冠状动脉疾病的基线危险因素。设计:对2 693例资料完整的患者进行年龄和性别调整的逐步选择过程分析,以确定哪些冠状动脉疾病的危险因素应纳入 Cox 比例风险模型。对象:3 055例白人患者,平均年龄52岁,均新近诊断为2型糖尿病,且无动脉粥样硬化相关疾病的证据。平均随访期7.9年。335例患者于10年内出现冠状动脉疾病。结局评定:具有明确异常心电图的心绞痛、致死或非致死性心肌梗塞。结果:冠状动脉疾病与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、甘油三酯浓度升高、高血红蛋白 A_(1c)、高收缩压、高空腹血糖以及吸烟史密切相关。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇较高1/3对较低1/3区间的估计风险比为2.26(95%可信区间为1.70~3.00),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇为0.55(0.41~0.73),血红蛋白 A_(1c)为1.52(1.15~2.01),收缩压为1.82(1.34~2.47)。吸烟者的估计风险比为1.41(1.06~1.88)。结论:2型糖尿病患者中,存在冠状动脉疾病潜在的、可变的5种危险因素的交叉重叠影响。它们是低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低、高血压、高血糖和吸烟。 | R C Turner H Millns H A W Neil I M Stratton S E Manley D R Matthews R R Holman 赵维纲 | 1998 | 英国医学杂志中文版1998，0，3： | 11 |
| 5 | Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and β-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man显示文摘 | D. R. Matthews J. P. Hosker A. S. Rudenski B. A. Naylor D. F. Treacher R. C. Turner | 1985 | Diabetologia1985，，7： | 11 |
| 6 | 气候变化下黄土高原耕作系统演变与适应性管理显示文摘耕作系统主要包括土壤系统、作物系统和区域气候系统等几个相对独立、但又紧密关联的组成部分,涉及作物栽培模式、作物类型、杂草和病虫害及农田水土资源管理等方面,在黄土高原生态系统管理和农业可持续发展中占有重要地位。过去50a(1951-2000年),黄土高原的年平均气温升高了1.1℃,且其变率逐渐增加,降雨和热量资源分布呈现复杂的时空异质性。作物种植区域的变迁、熟制制度的演变和农田灾害的加剧促使农田管理模式不断寻求改变,对当地农业耕作系统产生了深远影响。本文总结了黄土高原过去多年的气候变化(气温、降水量、积温)特征和发展趋势,气候变化下耕作系统(种植区、耕作制度、土壤环境)和作物系统(需水量、物候、品种、产量)的演变规律,作物与土壤互作关系,以及气象灾害对黄土高原耕作系统的影响,并提出气候变化下耕作系统适应性管理途径和策略。旨在为黄土高原耕作技术和田间管理提供新的理论,寻求气候变化下区域农业可持续发展应对策略。 | 邓浩亮 周宏 张恒嘉 莫非 杨通 孔维萍 卢盼盼 杨晓婷 蒙强 赵鸿 王润元 Turner Neil C 吴姗 祝英 张晓峰 Batool Asfa 熊友才 | 2015 | 中国农业气象2015，36，4： | 10 |
| 7 | 学龄前肺功能轨迹是否延伸至成年期显示文摘成年早期的肺功能是个体死亡率和慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)重要的决定因素。英国布里斯托大学医学院人口健康科学系的Henderson教授团队对3项人群出生队列研究的回顾性分析,探讨了学龄前到成年期肺功能发育的轨迹,及生命早期可能的影响因素。 | BELGRAVE D C M GRANELL R TURNERS W 孙莹(编译) | 2018 | 中国学校卫生2018，39，11： | 8 |
| 8 | Identification of epididymis-specific transcripts in the mouse and rat by transcriptional profiling显示文摘作为我们在 theepididymis 识别新奇避孕目标的努力的部分,我们执行了分别地,用 Affymetrix 全部染色体在每老鼠的 10 和 19 个片断上介绍 drat epididymidis 的 transcriptional 微数组。当在分割的老鼠和老鼠附睾被表示,代表抄本的 17 096 和 16360 个探查集合的一个总数被识别 transcriptomes 分别地。对 transcriptional 介绍数据库从 22 另外的鼠标纸巾导出的一个鼠标的表示鼠科的抄本的比较识别了在附睾特别地被表示的 77transcripts。这些基因的表达式被反向的抄写进一步计算 RNA from21 老鼠纸巾的聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR ) 分析。RT-PCR 分析证实了 Defensin 贝它 13 的 epididymis 特定的表示并且识别了二另外的基因,表示仅仅限制了为附睾和睾丸。在有从介绍数据库的老鼠 transcriptional 的 21 另外的纸巾的数据的老鼠附睾的 16 360 个表示抄本的比较为 theepididymis 识别了 110 抄本 specific。62 个这些抄本被 qPCR 分析进一步调查。仅仅 Defensin22 (E3 附睾的蛋白质) 被显示为附睾完全特定。另外, 14transcripts 在附睾多于 100 褶层显示出选择表示。这些基因的产品可能在附睾起重要作用或精子工作并且当避孕目标被保证,推进调查和确认。在这份报告描述的研究的结果在哺乳动物的繁殖遗传(MRG ) 数据库(http://gffzzef35f6426a0e4a47hcf9nkvbvqnww6n55.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/) 是可得到的。 | Daniel S. Johnston Terry T. Turner Joshua N. Finger Tracy L. Owtscharuk Gregory S. Kopf Scott A. Jelinsky | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，4： | 8 |
| 9 | Role of surgery in severe ulcerative colitis in the era of medical rescue therapy显示文摘Despite the growing use of medical salvage therapy,colectomy has remained a cornerstone in managing acute severe ulcerative colitis(ASC) both in children and in adults.Colectomy should be regarded as a life saving procedure in ASC,and must be seriously considered in any steroid-refractory patient.However,colectomy is not a cure for the disease but rather the substitution of a large problem with smaller problems,including fecal incontinence,pouchitis,irritable pouch syndrome,cuffitis,anastomotic ulcer and stenosis,missed or de-novo Crohn's disease and,in young females,reduced fecundity.This notion has led to the widespread practice of offering medical salvage therapy before colectomy in most patients without surgical abdomen or toxic megacolon.Medical salvage therapies which have proved effective in the clinical trial setting include cyclosporine,tacrolimus and infliximab,which seem equally effective in the short term.Validated predictive rules can identify a subset of patients who will eventually fail corticosteroid therapy after only 3-5 d of steroid therapy with an accuracy of 85%-95%.This accuracy is sufficiently high for initiat-ing medical therapy,but usually not colectomy,early in the admission without delaying colectomy if required.This approach has reduced the colectomy rate in ASC from 30%-70% in the past to 10%-20% nowadays,and the mortality rate from over 70% in the 1930s to about 1%.In general,restorative proctocolectomy(ileoanal pouch or ileal pouch-anal anastomosis),especially the J-pouch,is preferred over straight pullthrough(ileo-anal) or ileo-rectal anastomosis,which may still be considered in young females concerned about infertility.Colectomy in the acute severe colitis setting,is usually performed in three steps due to the severity of the inflammation,concurrent steroid treatment and the generally reduced clinical condition.The first surgical step involves colectomy and constructing an ileal stoma,the second-constructing the pouch and the third-closing the stoma.This review focuses on the role of surgical treatment in ulcerative colitis in the era of medical rescue therapy. | Bosmat Dayan Dan Turner | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，29： | 8 |
| 10 | Carotenoids Particle Formation by Supercritical Fluid Technologies显示文摘Based on the solubility in supercritical CO2,two strategies in which CO2 plays different roles are used to make quercetine and astaxanthin particles by supercritical fluid technologies.The experimental results showed that micronized quercetine particles with mean particle size of 1.0-1.5 μm can be made via solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids(SEDS) process,in which CO2 worked as turbulent anti-solvent;while for astaxanthin,micronized particles with mean particle size of 0.3-0.8 μm were also made successfully by rapid expansion supercritical solution(RESS) process. | 全灿 Johan Carlfors Charlotta Turner | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2009，17，2： | 7 |
| 11 | Expression of the N-terminal 99 Amino Acids of Yeast Ribosomal Protein L3 in Transgenic Wheat Confers Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight显示文摘Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a worldwide disease for wheat or barley. The contamination of important agricultural products with the trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON) or 4,15-diacetoxyscirpe- | R. Di A. Blechl R. Dill-Macky A. Tortora N.E. Turner | 2007 | 分子植物育种2007，5，2： | 6 |
| 12 | 旅游景区英译亟待规范——以青岛旅游景区翻译为例显示文摘针对青岛市旅游景区的调查,对其中的错误翻译提出了修改建议,并指出旅游景区英译工作中容易出现的问题以及解决途径。 | 辛志娟 Tim Turner | 2006 | 青岛职业技术学院学报2006，19，2： | 6 |
| 13 | Self-management approaches for people with chronic conditions: a review显示文摘 | Julie Barlow Chris Wright Janice Sheasby Andy Turner Jenny Hainsworth | 2002 | Patient Education and Counseling2002，，2： | 6 |
| 14 | 南昌市高中生性行为现状及相关因素分析显示文摘目的了解南昌市高中生性行为现状并探索其相关影响因素,为制定青春期性健康教育模式及干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对江西省南昌市2所重点高中、2所普通高中和1所艺术高中884名学生进行问卷调查,对其中性相关部分内容进行分析。结果南昌市高中生性行为报告率为4.86%,男、女生分别为7.82%和2.32%(χ^2=11.41,P<0.01),艺术高中生性行为报告率(9.09%)高于重点高中和普通高中学生(3.66%,0.77%)(χ^2=15.39,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,男生和有打架、自杀倾向、吸烟行为的高中生更易发生性行为(P值均<0.05)。结论南昌市高中生发生性行为的报告率高于同等经济发展水平其他城市。应采取针对性措施,及早干预,减少性相关危险行为的发生。 | 李旭阳 徐雯艳 姜小庆 文小桐 黄情 Melissa Turner Mengjiao Mi Lisa Godenick 杨维 袁兆康 | 2018 | 中国学校卫生2018，39，12： | 6 |
| 15 | Early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Beyond spirometry显示文摘The significant healthcare burden associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is driving us to improve our understanding of the natural history of this disease. Historically, the focus has been largely centred on diagnosing and treating individuals with moderate and severe disease. However, it is now recognised that the speed of decline in lung function as measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 s occurs faster in the earlier stages of the disease process. As a result, a clearer understanding of the potential benefits of treatment in early COPD is needed. It is recognised that many patients with COPD remain undiagnosed in the community which has prompted global case-finding initiatives. In this review we discuss the difficulties in diagnosing COPD in its early stages, examine the roleof case-finding and look at the evidence for early intervention with therapeutic agents. There is a growing interest in the phenotypic variation amongst patients with COPD and we explore the role of phenotyping in early COPD and its potential benefits in providing a more individualised approach to COPD management. The majority of patients with COPD are known to die from non-respiratory causes such as cardiovascular disease. The mechanistic link is thought to relate to systemic inflammation, causing us to question whether earlier interventions could have a beneficial impact on the burden of co-morbidities for patients with COPD. | Judith A Brebner Alice M Turner | 2013 | World Journal of Respirology2013，3，3： | 5 |
| 16 | OpenFlow显示文摘 | Nick McKeown Tom Anderson Hari Balakrishnan Guru Parulkar Larry Peterson Jennifer Rexford Scott Shenker Jonathan Turner | 2008 | ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review2008，，2： | 5 |
| 17 | 气候变化下旱区农业生态系统的可持续性显示文摘农业生产是将自然资源不断转化为农产品的过程。简单的说就是将阳光、空气、水和土壤等无机资源转化为可以供人类消费的有机产物。农业生态系统必须对全球气候变化、市场竞争、自然环境的恶化、经济等政策法规和人民的需求等因素做出灵活的应对策略,同时还要保证自然生态系统的稳定性。在发展中国家, | 李凤民 Kadambot H. M Siddique Neil C Turner 欧阳志云 Guijun Yan 熊友才 | 2011 | 生态学报2011，31，9： | 5 |
| 18 | 地球物理流体动力学的发展和室内实验研究的影响显示文摘系统介绍了大气、海洋与新兴的地质系统中的流体力学,尤其是通过室内实验的研究进展.详细描述了诸如羽流、湍流、卷挟、异重流、海洋环流、混合层、双扩散、盐指、锋面、岩浆库、地幔对流、板块运动、热斑等有趣的地球物理现象,它们对于了解因浮力引起的对流的机理是十分重要的.同时在气候、环境、灾害、成矿等领域有广泛的应用.论文反映了在 G.I. Taylor, G.K. Batchelor领导下剑桥研究组的风格──通过小型室内实验了解机理,再用应用数学方法求解问题,他们对流体力学的发展作出了重大贡献. | J Stewart Turner 李家春 王克仁 | 2000 | 力学进展2000，30，3： | 5 |
| 19 | Pancreatitis in patients with pancreas divisum:Imaging features at MRI and MRCP显示文摘AIM:To determine the magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features of pancreatitis with pancreas divisum(PD)and the differences vs pancreatitis without divisum.METHODS:Institutional review board approval was obtained and the informed consent requirement was waived for this HIPAA-compliant study.During one year period,1439 consecutive patients underwent successful MRCP without injection of secretin and abdominal MRI studies for a variety of clinical indications using a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner.Two experienced radiologists retrospectively reviewed all the studies in consensus.Disputes were resolved via consultation with a third experienced radiologist.The assessment included presence and the imaging findings of PD,pancreatitis,and distribution of abnormalities.The pancreatitis with divisum constituted the study group while the pancreatitis without divisum served as the control group.MRCP and MRI findings were correlated with final diagnosis.Fisher exact tests and Pearson × 2 tests were performed.RESULTS:Pancreatitis was demonstrated at MRCP and MRI in 173 cases(38 cases with and 135 cases without divisum)among the 1439 consecutive cases.The recurrent acute pancreatitis accounted for 55.26%(21 of 38)in pancreatitis patients associated with PD,which was higher than 6.67%(9 of 135)in the control group,whereas the chronic pancreatitis was a dominant type in the control group(85.19%,115 of 135)when compared to the study group(42.11%,16 of 38)(χ 2 = 40.494,P < 0.0001).In cases of pancreatitis with PD,the dorsal pancreatitis accounted for a much higher percentage than that in pancreatitis without PD(17 of 38,44.74% vs 30 of 135,22.22%)(χ 2 = 7.257,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:MRCP and MRI can depict the features of pancreatitis associated with divisum.Recurrent acute pancreatitis and isolated dorsal involvement are more common in patients with divisum. | Deng-Bin Wang Jinxing Yu Ann S Fulcher Mary A Turner | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，30： | 5 |
| 20 | Comprehensive Utilization of Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Deposits in China Has Come to a New Level显示文摘There are two production areas for vanadium-titanium magnetite deposits in China:the Panzhihua area in Sichuan Province and the Chengde area in Hebei Province. The Panzhihua vanadium titanomagnetite iron ore deposits are hosted by a mafic-ultramafic intrusive complex,and belong to late magmatic differentiation condensation of crystalline iron deposits.The rock mass is characterized by good differentiation,clear and differentiated facies zones and rhythm.The rock assemblage can be divided into the following rock facies combination:gabbro,gabbro-norite,gabbro troctolite,gabbro-plagioclase,gabbro-eclogite-olivine pyroxenite,and diabase types.The orebodies occur mostly as close-bedded,distributed in the dark facies zone in the bottom layers of the middle or lower part of the stratiform rock mass.The main ore minerals are granular ilmenite,magnetite,ilmenite spar,and magnesium aluminum spinel,with small amounts of pyrrhotite,pyrite and cobalt,nickel and copper sulfide.The ores have siderite and mosaic textures and occur as compact massive,banded and disseminated structures;they consist of TFeO 20%-45%,TiO2 3%-16%,V2O50.15%-0.5%,Cr2O30.1%-0.38%,associated with trace amounts of Cu,Co,Ni,Ga,Mn,P,Se,Te,Sc and Pt group elements. | Hao Ziguo Fei Hongcai Liu Lian Susan Turner | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，1： | 4 |
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