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| 1 | 定量古生物学软件PAST及其常用功能显示文摘近半个世纪以来,古生物学涉及越来越复杂的现象与过程,难以用传统的经验科学方法来解决。伴随着相关研究引入日益增多的定量分析,古生物学逐渐成为一门可定量分析的科学。作为最早的古生物学专用的免费统计软件包,PAST功能全面、易于使用,并在过去十几年中发展迅速,目前已在相关软件中占据重要地位。本文在简单介绍该软件基本操作方法的基础上,结合古生物学应用案例,解读最常用到的几类'常规统计分析'与'多元统计分析'的使用;同时,针对古生物学相关领域中的'多样性、丰度及居群结构','形态学'和'生物地层学'问题,给出具体分析实例。在相关案例的分析介绍中,详细梳理用PAST实现这些分析的具体步骤,因而具有较好的实用参考价值。受篇幅所限,文章对软件中其他不常用但相对重要的9个模块只进行简要介绍,以供读者在偶尔涉及该类分析时参考。PAST软件不仅功能强大,而且能够针对古生物学及地层学浮现出来的最新前沿问题不断进行调整、更新,值得在古生物学界推广使用。 | 黄冰 David A T Harper φyvind Hammer | 2013 | 古生物学报2013，52，2： | 28 |
| 2 | Diet therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases: The established and the new显示文摘Although patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) have a strong interest in dietary modifications as part of their therapeutic management, dietary advice plays only a minor part in published guidelines. The scientific literature shows that dietary factors might influence the risk of developing IBD, that dysbiosis induced by nutrition contributes to the pathogenesis of IBD, and that diet may serve as a symptomatic treatment for irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in IBD. The role of nutrition in IBD is underscored by the effect of various dietary therapies. In paediatric patients with Crohn's disease(CD) enteral nutrition(EN) reaches remission rates similar to steroids. In adult patients, however, EN is inferior to corticosteroids. EN is not effective in ulcerative colitis(UC). Total parenteral nutrition in IBD is not superior to steroids or EN. The use of specific probiotics in patients with IBD can be recommended only in special clinical situations. There is no evidence for efficacy of probiotics in CD. By contrast, studies in UC have shown a beneficial effect in selected patients. For patients with pouchitis, antibiotic treatment followed by probiotics, like VSL#3 or Lactobacillus GG, is effective. When probiotics are used, the risk of bacterial translocation and subsequent bacteremia has to be considered. More understanding of the normal intestinal microflora, and better characterization of probiotic strains at the phenotypic and genomic levels is needed as well as clarification of the mechanisms of action in different clinical settings. A FODMAP reduced diet may improve symptoms in IBD. | Franziska Durchschein Wolfgang Petritsch Heinz F Hammer | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 22 |
| 3 | 扫描式激光远程焊接在大众汽车的使用——配合圆盘激光器使用的扫描式焊接显示文摘自从激光焊接技术成功应用于途安车身焊接后,大众汽车以后所有的车型上都在使用激光焊接技术。GolfA5车身上激光焊接部分的总长度大概有50m,因此车身刚度大大增加,跟竞争对手相比,这是一个非常大的优势。跟传统激光焊接技术相比,激光扫描式远程焊接有了显著的提升,尤其是生产效率得到了大幅度提高。为了检测新工艺的性能,在大众汽车的Mosel工厂建立了一个试点,用来生产帕萨特B6后窗台板,同时也可以测试系统的效率是否有大幅度提高。 | Thorge Hammer Rüdiger Brockmann 刘良明 | 2007 | 汽车与配件2007，，16： | 5 |
| 4 | Measuring intercultural sensitivity: The intercultural development inventory显示文摘 | Mitchell R. Hammer Milton J. Bennett Richard Wiseman | 2003 | International Journal of Intercultural Relations2003，，4： | 4 |
| 5 | 美国、德国医疗保险服务协议相关法律问题及对中国的启示显示文摘重点对美国医疗保险经办机构和医疗机构的关系、医疗保险申请、医疗服务协议的协商谈判机制、工作程序、医疗保险的支付方式,经费报销结算计算及医保纠纷解决五步上诉机制等相关法律问题,以及德国的医疗保险模式和医疗服务协议相关情况进行了综述介绍,在此基础上论述了美、德医疗保险服务协议相关法律问题对我国的启示。 | 陈定伟 曹艳林 Erin Hammers 刘方 袁江帆 吴迪 何欣薇 | 2012 | 中国医院2012，16，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Dokk1多媒体图书馆显示文摘项目名称:Dokk1多媒体图书馆建设地点:丹麦奥胡斯业主:奥胡斯市政府设计单位:Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects合作单位:Realdania设计顾问:Arkitekt Kristine Jensens Tegnestue,Alectia Consulting Engineers建筑面积:35 600 m^2建筑层数:5工程公司:Alectia R dgivende Ingeni rer客户合伙人:Realdania客户咨询公司:Ramb ll Danmark其他咨询顾问:Bahn arkitekter(accessibility)设计总负责:Kim Holst Jensen(Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects) | Schmidt Hammer Lassen Architects | 2016 | 城市建筑2016，0，34： | 2 |
| 7 | Testing methods for 1100 kV UHVDC transformer显示文摘1 Development of UHVDC transmission capabilities The economical development of China is closely connected with safe and reliable power supply.Load centers e.g.in central and eastern China need huge amounts of electrical power.Available energy resources and consumption areas are often distributed inverse.As a consequence it is necessary to import electrical power to load center areas in an economic and efficient way. | Thomas Hammer Rene Wimmer Karsten Loppach Ronny Fritsche | 2018 | Global Energy Interconnection2018，1，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Possible role of Cdx2 in the serrated pathway of colorectal cancer characterized by BRAF mutation, high‐level CpG Island methylator phenotype and mismatch repair‐deficiency显示文摘 | Heather Dawson José A. Galván Melina Helbling Dominique‐Elisabeth Muller Eva Karamitopoulou Viktor H. Koelzer Mary Economou Caroline Hammer Alessandro Lugli Inti Zlobec | 2014 | Int. J. Cancer2014，，10： | 2 |
| 9 | Evaluation of strategies for the subsequent use of CO_(2)显示文摘If substantial amounts of CO_(2),which according to actual scenarios may in the future be captured from industrial processes and power generation,shall be utilized effectively,scalable energy efficient technologies will be required.Thus,a survey was performed to assess a large variety of applications utilizing CO_(2) chemically(e.g.,production of synthesis-gas,methanol synthesis),biologically(e.g.,CO_(2) as fertilizer in green houses,production of algae),or physically(enhancement of fossil fuel recovery,use as refrigerant).For each of the processes,material and energy balances were set up.Starting with pure CO_(2) at standard conditions,expenditure for transport and further process specific treatment were included.Based on these calculations,the avoidance of greenhouse gas emissions by applying the discussed technologies was evaluated.Based on the currently available technologies,applications for enhanced fossil fuel recovery turn out to be most attractive regarding the potential of utilizing large quantities of CO_(2)(total capacity>1000 Gt CO_(2))and producing significant amounts of marketable products on one hand and having good energy and material balances on the other hand(t_(CO_(2)-emitted)/t_(CO_(2)-utilized)<0.2-0.4).Nevertheless,large scale chemical fixation of CO_(2)providing valuable products like fuels is worth considering,if carbon-free energy sources are used to provide the process energy and H2 being essential as a reactant in a lot of chemical processes(e.g.,production of DME:t_(CO_(2)-emitted)/t_(CO_(2)-utilized)>0.34).Biological processes such as CO_(2) fixation using microalgae look attractive as long as energy and CO_(2) balance are considered.However,the development of effective photobioreactors for growing algae with low requirements for footprint area is a challenge. | Marc SCHAEFER Frank BEHRENDT Thomas HAMMER | 2010 | Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering2010，4，2： | 2 |
| 10 | GI symptoms in diabetes mellitus are associated with both poor glycemic control and diabetic complications显示文摘 | Peter Bytzer Nicholas J Talley Johann Hammer Lisa J Young Michael P Jones Michael Horowitz | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，3： | 2 |
| 11 | 流程型企业如何有效运作显示文摘尽管在某些时候,人们会用“再造”这个词来委婉地指代盲目精简,但在商业世界中,再造实际上还是发挥了极大的作用。再造使公司能够更快、更高效地运营,并且能更有效地运用信息技术。再造提高了员工的工作成效,使员工获得更多授权,让他们更清楚地看到自己的工作如何融入整个企业的运营。再造使公司的客户得到更优质的产品和更贴心的服务,并使公司的股东获得了丰厚的分红。再造降低了公司的成本, | 迈克尔·哈默(Michael Hammer) 史蒂文·斯坦顿(Steven Stanton) 章程(翻译) | 2008 | 商业评论2008，，5： | 2 |
| 12 | In vitro activity of Melaleuca altemifolia (tea tree) oil against dermatophytes and other filamentous fungi显示文摘 | Hammer KA Carson CF Riley TV | 2002 | J Antimicrob Chemother2002，50，2： | 2 |
| 13 | Reengineering work: Don't automate-obliterate显示文摘 | M Hammer | 1990 | Harvard Business Review1990，68，4： | 2 |
| 14 | The HTR3A Polymorphism c. -42C>T Is Associated With Amygdala Responsiveness in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome显示文摘 | Lisa A. Kilpatrick Jennifer S. Labus Kristen Coveleskie Christian Hammer Gudrun Rappold Kirsten Tillisch Joshua A. Bueller Brandall Suyenobu Johana M. Jarcho Jim A. McRoberts Beate Niesler Emeran A. Mayer | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Defining the spermatogonial stem cell显示文摘 | F. Kent Hamra Nikolaus Schultz Karen M. Chapman Dana M. Grellhesl Jennifer T. Cronkhite Robert E. Hammer David L. Garbers | 2004 | Developmental Biology2004，，2： | 2 |
| 16 | Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism Are Impaired in Mice Lacking the Nuclear Oxysterol Receptor LXRα显示文摘 | Daniel J Peet Stephen D Turley Wenzhen Ma Bethany A Janowski Jean-Marc A Lobaccaro Robert E Hammer David J Mangelsdorf | 1998 | Cell1998，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Production of transgenic rabbits, sheep and pig by microinjection显示文摘 | Hammer R E Pursel V G Rexroad C E | 1985 | Nature1985，315，： | 2 |
| 18 | Comparing different methods of estimating cosmic radiation exposure of airline personnel 显示文摘 | Hammer GP Zeeb H Blettner M | 2000 | Radiat Environ Biophys2000，39，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Hypoxia induces heat shock protein expression in human coronary artery bypass grafts显示文摘 | Hammerer LA Mair J Bonatti J | 2001 | Cardiovasc Res2001，50，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus in transgenic mice expressing nuclear SREBP-1c in adipose tissue:model for congenital generalized lipodystrophy显示文摘 | Hammer RE Richardson JA | 1998 | Genes Dev1998，12，20： | 1 |
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