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| 1 | 皮质下小血管病诊断的共识声明显示文摘血管性认知损害是用于描述一组涉及大血管和小血管的散发性和遗传性异质性疾病的诊断术语。皮质下小血管病可导致腔隙性梗死和进行性白质损害。被称为宾斯旺格病(Binswanger's disease, BD)的进行性白质损害患者构成了从单纯血管性疾病到合并神经变性病变的疾病谱。BD患者是一个相对同质性的亚组,存在缺氧缺血、腔隙性梗死和炎症,它们协同作用破坏血脑屏障和髓鞘。通过临床、脑脊液、神经心理学和影像学检查获得的多模式疾病标记物能促进该亚组患者的鉴别。本共识声明确定了一系列基于基础病理学改变的潜在生物学标记物,这将有助于诊断以及将来协作性治疗试验的患者选择。 | Gary A Rosenberg Anders Wallin Joanna M Wardlaw Hugh S Markus Joan Montaner Leslie Wolfson Costantino Iadecola Berislav V Zlokovic Anne Joutel Martin Dichgans Marco Duering Reinhold Schmidt Amos D Korczyn Lea T Grinberg Helena C Chui Vladimir Hachinski 王训师 张劼 陈涵丰 俞娅美 徐子奇 罗本燕 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，6： | 18 |
| 2 | Pathophysiology of cerebral oedema in acute liver failure显示文摘Cerebral oedema is a devastating consequence of acute liver failure(ALF)and may be associated with the development of intracranial hypertension and death.In ALF,some patients may develop cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure but progression to lifethreatening intracranial hypertension is less frequent than previously described,complicating less than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved clinical care.The rapid onset of encephalopathy may be dramatic with the development of asterixis,delirium,seizures and coma.Cytotoxic and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been implicated with a preponderance of experimental data favouring a cytotoxic mechanism.Astrocyte swelling is the most consistent neuropathological finding in humans with ALF and ammonia plays a definitive role in the development of cytotoxic brain oedema.The mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swelling remains unclear but glutamine accumulation within astrocytes has led to the osmolyte hypothesis.Current evidence also supports an alternate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with glutamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumulation results in oxidative stress,energy failure and ultimately astrocyte swelling.Although a complete breakdown of the blood-brain barrier is not evident in human ALF,increased permeation to water and other small molecules such as ammonia has been demonstrated resulting from subtle alterations in the protein composition of paracellular tight junctions.At present,there is no fully efficacious therapy for cerebral oedema other than liver transplantation and this reflects our incomplete knowledge of the precise mechanisms underlying this process which remain largely unknown. | Teresa R Scott Victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie L Shawcross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 8 |
| 3 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Randomized controlled trials - mechanistic studies of testosterone and the cardiovascular system显示文摘睾丸激素缺乏是普通的在里面有心血管的疾病( CVD )的人,和使随机化的控制安慰剂的试用( RCT )在长期的稳定的咽峡炎在导致锻练的心脏的局部缺血上报导了睾丸激素治疗的有益的效果,功能的锻练能力,最大的氧消费在锻练期间(在长期的心失败( CHF )的 VO 2max)和肌肉力量,一些心血管的风险因素的 Q-T 间隔,和改进弄短。睾丸激素缺乏与不利 CV 风险侧面和死亡被联系。临床、科学的研究提供了机械学的证据支持并且解释 RCT 的调查结果。睾丸激素包括肺的 vasculature 是在冠的发行量和另外的脉管的床以内的快速发作的动脉的血管扩张药并且能减少全面外部全身的脉管的抵抗。证据证明了那睾丸激素调停通过钙隧道封锁(L 钙隧道) 的脉管的反应上的这效果并且刺激钾隧道由直接 nongenomic 机制开。睾丸激素也由刺激超速的钾刺激心脏的 myocytes 的极化操作隧道的电流。睾丸激素改进心脏的输出,功能的锻练能力, VO 2max 和 vagally 调停的动脉的 baroreceptor 在 CHF 的心脏的反射敏感,和另外的机制。独立于心脏的功能上的睾丸激素的利益,睾丸激素替换可以也增加骨胳的肌肉葡萄糖新陈代谢并且提高肌肉发达的力量,能在能力可以包括的功能的锻练贡献改进的两个因素改进了葡萄糖新陈代谢和肌肉力量。睾丸激素由在关键新陈代谢的小径的规章的酶上由 genomic 的联合和葡萄糖举起和胰岛素受体,葡萄糖 transporters,和表示的利用表示的 nongenomic 行动改进葡萄糖利用和类脂化合物新陈代谢包括身体作文,胰岛素电阻,和血胆脂醇过多改进新陈代谢的 CV 风险因素。高密度的脂蛋白胆固醇(高级数据链路控制) 上的效果在研究之间不同因为掉落,升起,或没有在层次的变化被发现了。睾丸激素代替能压制传播支持 inflammatory cytokines 的层次并且刺激有的 interleukin-10 (IL-10 ) 的生产反煽动性并且在有 CVD 的人的 anti-atherogenic 行动。C 反应的蛋白质上的效果都没被检测。clotting 因素上的不利效果都没被检测。RCT 清楚地没表明那睾丸激素在颈动脉 intima 厚度或冠的钙免职改进或不利地影响象减小那样的动脉粥样硬化的代理人标记的任何重要证据。动脉粥样硬化的预防或改善上的睾丸激素的任何效果是可能的在在在睾丸激素 RCT 使用了的 statin 治疗审判和并非月出现的年发生。从长期的流行病学的研究的证据的重量支持在与睾丸激素缺乏对待人的研究在主要不利 CV 事件(权标) 和死亡由减小证实了的保护的效果。睾丸激素被代替了到正常健康范围的 RCT 都没报导向上的一个重要好处或不利效果也没有任何最近的元分析。 | T Hugh Jones Daniel M Kelly | 2018 | Asian Journal of Andrology2018，20，2： | 6 |
| 5 | Suppression of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in IL-10 gene-disrupted mice is associteed with reduced B ceils and serum cytotoxicity on mouse cell line expressing AehR显示文摘 | Poussin M A Goluszko E Hughes T K | 2000 | J Neuroimmunol2000，111，： | 2 |
| 6 | Long-Term Outcomes for Patients with Post–Liver Transplant Anastomotic Biliary Strictures Treated by Endoscopic Stent Placement显示文摘 | Joseph Morelli Hugh E Mulcahy Ira R Willner John T Cunningham Peter Draganov | 2003 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2003，，3： | 2 |
| 7 | 视网膜病变、视网膜微血管异常与脑卒中、脑血管病的关系显示文摘视网膜循环异常可能与脑血管病有关。该研究基于英国的三民族人口的基础队列调查了视网膜微血管异常与脑卒中和亚临床脑梗死及脑白质病变之间的相关性。方法:纳入1185名受试者[年龄(68.8±6.1)岁,77%为男性]进行视网膜成像和脑磁共振成像。利用磁共振成像识别脑梗死和脑白质高信号,对视网膜病变进行分级,并测量视网膜血管参数。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Hughes AD Falaschetti E Witt N Wijetunge S Thom SA Tillin T Aldington SJ Chaturvedi N | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，11： | 2 |
| 8 | The Effect of Testosterone Replacement on Endogenous Inflammatory Cytokines and Lipid Profiles in Hypogonadal Men显示文摘 | Chris J. Malkin Peter J. Pugh Richard D. Jones Dheeraj Kapoor Kevin S. Channer T Hugh Jones | 2004 | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism2004，，7： | 2 |
| 9 | On drilling degrees of freedom显示文摘 | Hughes T J R Brezzi F | 1989 | Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering1989，72，： | 2 |
| 10 | Computational of tailing-edge noise due to turbulent flow over an airfoil 显示文摘 | OBERAI A RONALDKIN F HUGHS T | 2002 | AIAA Journal2002，40，5： | 1 |
| 11 | A new finite element formulation for computational fluid dynamics: Ⅷ: the Galerkin least squares method for advective diffusive equations显示文摘 | HUGHES T J R FRANCA L P HULBERT G M | 1989 | Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering1989，73，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Coupling of flagellar gene expression to flagellar assembly in Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and Escherichia coli显示文摘 | CHILCOTT G S HUGHES K T | 2000 | Microbiol Mol Biol Rev2000，64，： | 1 |
| 13 | Collocation, Dissipation and for Time Integration Schemes in Struc- tural Dynamics显示文摘 | HILBER H M HUGHES T J R | 1978 | Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics1978，6，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Isogeometricanalysis:CAD,finite elements,NURBS,exact geometry andmesh refinement显示文摘 | Hughes T J R Cottrell J A Bazilevs Y | 2005 | Computer Methods in AppliedMechanics and Engineering2005，194，41： | 1 |
| 15 | A three-node Mindlin plate element with improved transverse shear显示文摘 | Tessler A Hughes T Jr | 1985 | Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering1985，50，： | 1 |
| 16 | 显示文摘 | Borg M Hughes T Horvath N | 2002 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys2002，54，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Free radicals accelerate the decay of long-term potentiation in field CA1 of guinea-pig hippocampus 显示文摘 | Pellmar T C kaisho Y Hughes P | 1991 | Neurosci1991，44，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Video OCR: Indexing digital news libraries by recognition of superimposed caption 显示文摘 | T Sato T Kanade E K Hughes | 1999 | ACM Multimedia Systems1999，7，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Large-scale prediction of Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene function using overlapping transcriptional clusters显示文摘 | Wu L F Hughes T R Davierwala A P | 2002 | Nat Genet2002，31，7： | 1 |
| 20 | An arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian finite element method for interaction of fluid and a rigid body 显示文摘 | Nomura T Hughes T J R | 1992 | Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng1992，95，： | 1 |
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