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| 1 | Distribution characteristics of seamount cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts and the determination of the size of areas for exploration and exploitation显示文摘In 2001,the International Seabed Authority (ISBA) initiated the consideration relating to the Regulations for Prospecting and Exploration for Hydrothermal Polymetallic Sulphides and Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts in the Area at its 7th session.Since then,the consideration of the Regulations has been mainly focused on the size of areas to be allocated for exploration and exploitation of the crusts.This paper,based on the investigation data and the analysis of the distribution characteristics of the crusts,suggests a model for determining the size of areas for exploration and exploitation of the crusts,taking into account various factors such as production scale,crust thickness and grade,mineable area proportion,recovery efficiency,exploration venture,and so on.Through the modeling, the paper suggests that the exploration area (the area covered by each application for approval of a plan of work for exploration of cobalt-rich crusts) shall be 4 856 km 2 and the exploitation area (the mine site area) shall be 1 214 km 2,for 20 years of 1 million wet tonnes annual production. | HE Gaowen MA Weilin SONG Chengbing YANG Shengxiong ZHU Benduo YAO Huiqiang JIANG Xunxiong CHENG Yongshou | 2011 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2011，30，3： | 9 |
| 2 | Noble Gas Isotopic Compositions of Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crusts from the Western Pacific Ocean and Their Geological Implications显示文摘Noble gas isotopic compositions of various layers in three-layered (outer, porous and compact layers) cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts and their basaltic and phosphorite substrates from the western Pacific Ocean were analyzed by using a high vacuum gas mass spectrum. The analytical results show that the noble gases in the Co-rich crusts have derived mainly from the ambient seawater, extraterrestrial grains such as interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) and wind-borne continental dust grains, and locally formation water in the submarine sediments, but different noble gases have different sources. He in the crusts derives predominantly from the extraterrestrial grains, with a negligible amount of radiogenic He from the eolian dust grains. Ar is sourced mainly from the dissolved air in the seawater and insignificantly from radiogenic Ar in the eolian continental dust grains or the formation water. Xe and Ne derive mainly from the seawater, with minor amounts of extraterrestrial Xe and Ne in the IDPs. Compared with the porous and outer layers, the compact layer has a relatively high 4He content and lower 3He/4He ratios, suggesting that marine phosphatization might have greatly modified the noble gas isotopic compositions of the crusts. Besides, the 3He/4He values of the basaltic substrates of the cobalt-rich crusts are very low and their R/Ra ratios are mostly <0.1 Ra, which are similar to that of phosphorite substrates (0.087 Ra), but much lower than that of fresh submarine MORB (8.75±2.14 Ra) or seamount basalts (3-43 Ra), implying that the basaltic substrates have suffered strong water/rock interaction and reacted with radiogenic 4He and P-rich upwelling marine currents during phosphatization. The trace elements released in the basalt/seawater interaction might favor the growth of cobalt-rich crusts. The relatively low 3He/4He values in the seamount basalts may be used as an important exploration criterion for the cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts. | SUN Xiaoming XUE Ting HE Gaowen YE Xianren ZHANG Mei LU Hongfeng WANG Shengwei | 2007 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2007，81，1： | 5 |
| 3 | Cenozoic tectonic and geomorphic evolution of the Longxi region in northeastern Tibetan Plateau interpreted from detrital zircon显示文摘The Longxi region contains different kinds of Cenozoic sediments,including eolian deposits,reworked loess,fluvial and lacustrine deposits.The provenance evolution of these sediments is of great significance in exploring the uplift,tectonic deformation and associated with geomorphic evolution of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau.In this paper,we used the single-grain zircon provenance analysis to constrain the provenances for the Paleogene alluvial conglomerates and for the Neogene fluvial-lacustrine sediments,and compared them with results from the loess deposits since the Miocene.The results show that:(1)the Paleogene alluvial conglomerates contain a large number of detrital zircons ranging from 560 to 1100 Ma that were derived from the Yangzi Block.However,the sediments of early Miocene have much fewer zircons of this age span,which are characterized by an abundance of zircon ages in the ranges of 200-360 Ma.This indicates that the Paleogene alluvial conglomerates mainly come from the middle and/or southern West Qinling,and the early Miocene sediments are primarily from the northern West Qinling;(2)Late Neogene fluvial sediments(11.5 Ma onward)in Tianshui-Qinan region are dominated by zircon ages of 3 80-450 Ma.This zircon population is similar to that of the exposed intrusive rocks of southern part of the Liupan Mountains,implying that the southern part of Liupan Mountains probably had already uplifted by 11.5 Ma;(3)Late Miocene lacustrine sediments in Tianshui region have a zircon age spectra that is remarkably different from coeval fluvial deposits,but is similar to the zircon age distributions of the Miocene loess in Qinan region,late Miocene-Pliocene Hipparion red clay and Quaternary loess.This indicates that fine particles within these Miocene lacustrine sediments in Tianshui region may be dominated by aeolian materials.This study reveals that provenance changes of Cenozoic sediments in Tianshui-Qinan region and its geomorphic evolution are closely related to the multi-stage uplift of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau.In particular,the major uplift of the Northern Tibetan Plateau during late Oligocene-early Miocene may have not only provided the source areas and wind dynamic conditions for the deposits of the Miocene loess,but also provided the geomorphic conditions for its accumulation. | WANG ZhiXiang LIANG MeiYan SUN YuQi DAI GaoWen | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，2： | 4 |
| 4 | PDCD5 regulates iNKT cell terminal maturation and iNKT1 fate decision显示文摘Invariant natural killer T1(iNKT1)cells are characterized by the preferential expression of T-box transcription factor T-bet(encoded by Tbx21)and the production of cytokine IFN-γ,but the relationship between the developmental process and iNKT1 lineage diversification in the thymus remains elusive.We report in the present study a crucial role of programmed cell death 5(PDCD5)in iNKT cell terminal maturation and iNKT1 fate determination.Mice with T cell-specific deletion of PDCD5 had decreased numbers of thymic and peripheral iNKT cells with a predominantly immature phenotype and defects in response toα-galactosylceramide.Loss of PDCD5 also selectively abolished the iNKT1 lineage by reducing T-bet expression in iNKT cells at an early thymic developmental stage(before CD44 upregulation).We further demonstrated that TOX2,one of the high mobility group proteins that was highly expressed in iNKT cells at stage 1 and could be stabilized by PDCD5,promoted the permissive histone H3K4me3 modification in the promoter region of Tbx21.These data indicate a pivotal and unique role of PDCD5/TOX2 in iNKT1 lineage determination.They also suggest that the fate of iNKT1 may be programmed at the developmental stage of iNKT cells in the thymus. | Ke Wang Xinwei Zhang Yifan Wang Gaowen Jin Mingyang Li Shusong Zhang Jie Hao Rong Jin Xiaojun Huang Hounan Wu Jun Zhang Yingyu Chen Qing Ge | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，9： | 4 |
| 5 | A wave of Foxp3^(+) regulatory T cell accumulation in the neonatal liver plays unique roles in maintaining self-tolerance显示文摘Newborn animals require tightly regulated local and systemic immune environments to govern the development and maturation of multiple organs/tissues even though the immune system itself is far from mature during the neonatal period.Regulatory T cells(Tregs)are essential for maintaining immune tolerance/homeostasis and modulating inflammatory responses.The features of Tregs in the neonatal liver under steady-state conditions are not well understood.The present study aimed to investigate the phenotype,functions,and significance of neonatal Tregs in the liver.We found a wave of thymus-derived Treg influx into the liver during 1–2 weeks of age.Depletion of these Tregs between days 7 and 11 after birth rapidly resulted in Th1-type liver inflammation and metabolic disorder.More Tregs in the neonatal liver than in the spleen underwent MHC II-dependent activation and proliferation,and the liver Tregs acquired stronger suppressive functions.The transcriptomic profile of these neonatal liver Tregs showed elevated expression of PPARγand T-bet and features of Tregs that utilize lipid metabolic machinery and are capable of regulating Th1 responses.The accumulation of Tregs with unique features in the neonatal liver is critical to ensure self-tolerance and liver maturation. | Mingyang Li Weijia Zhao Yifan Wang Lixue Jin Gaowen Jin Xiuyuan Sun Wei Wang Ke Wang Xi Xu Jie Hao Rong Jin Wenxian Fu Ying Sun Yingjun Chang Xiaojun Huang Xuyu Zhou Hounan Wu Kunshan Zhang Qing Ge | 2020 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2020，17，5： | 4 |
| 6 | Hollow mesoporous titania microsphere with low shell thickness/diameter ratio and high photocatalysis显示文摘 | Jianing Liu Gaowen Zhang Wei Ao Kan Yang Shaoxian Peng Christel Müller-Goymann | 2012 | Applied Surface Science2012，，20： | 2 |
| 7 | Preparation and Properties of Magnetic-fluorescent Microporous Polymer Microspheres显示文摘 | ZOU Xiaohu WEI Zhizhi DU Jing WANG Xiaotao ZHANG Gaowen | 2018 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2018，34，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Polymorph and morphology control of CaCO3 via temperature and PEG during the decomposition of Ca(HCO3)2 显示文摘 | Jiang Jiuxin Ye Jiuzhou Zhang Gaowen Gong Xinghou Nie Longhui Liu Jianing | 2012 | Journal of the American Ceramic Society2012，95，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Organic/inorganic composite membranes for application in DMFC显示文摘 | ZHANG Gaowen ZHOU Zhentao | 2005 | J Membrane Sci2005，261，： | 1 |
| 10 | Automated multi-scale classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots and their mineral resource characteristics显示文摘Given the advances in satellite altimetry and multibeam bathymetry,benthic terrain classification based on digital bathymetric models(DBMs)has been widely used for the mapping of benthic topographies.For instance,cobaltrich crusts(CRCs)are important mineral resources found on seamounts and guyots in the western Pacific Ocean.Thick,plate-like CRCs are known to form on the summit and slopes of seamounts at the 1000–3000 m depth,while the relationship between seamount topography and spatial distribution of CRCs remains unclear.The benthic terrain classification of seamounts can solve this problem,thereby,facilitating the rapid exploration of seamount CRCs.Our study used an EM122 multibeam echosounder to retrieve high-resolution bathymetry data in the CRCs contract license area of China,i.e.,the Jiaxie Guyots in 2015 and 2016.Based on the DBM construted by bathymetirc data,broad-and fine-scale bathymetric position indices were utilized for quantitative classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots on multiple scales.The classification revealed four first-order terrain units(e.g.,flat,crest,slope,and depression)and eleven second-order terrain units(e.g.,local crests,depressions on crests,gentle slopes,crests on slopes,and local depressions,etc.).Furthermore,the classification of the terrain and geological analysis indicated that the Weijia Guyot has a large flat summit,with local crests at the southern summit,whereas most of the guyot flanks were covered by gentle slopes.“Radial”mountain ridges have developed on the eastern side,while large-scale gravitational landslides have developed on the western and southern flanks.Additionally,landslide masses can be observed at the bottom of these slopes.The coverage of local crests on the seamount is∼1000 km^(2),and the local crests on the peak and flanks of the guyots may be the areas where thick and continuous plate-like CRCs are likely to occur. | Yong Yang Gaowen He Yonggang Liu Jinfeng Ma Zhenquan Wei Binbin Guo | 2022 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2022，41，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Computer Aided Design of Heat Treatment for AISI P20+Ni Mold Steel with Good Machinability显示文摘Computer aided design of heat treatment for AISI P20 mold steel with good machinability is attempted to proceed by the commercial software package Thermo-Calc (TCP+DICTRA). Through experimental and theoretical analysis of phase transformation during heat treatment, further knowledge of designing proper heat treatment is obtained. Then the machinability of AISI P20+Ni steel under given heat treatment condition is studied and the influencing factors to their machinability are analyzed. It is shown that heat treatment designed by computer simulation of carbide transformation is applicable to AISI P20+Ni steel with good machinability; AISI P20+Ni steel with tempered sorbite treated by quenching & tempering has optimal machinability; normalizing at the temperature of 910°C & tempering can avoid cracking and result in acceptable machinability in small thickness module. | HUXin-bin GAOWen HEYan-lin LILin | 2004 | 材料热处理学报2004，25，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Organic/inorganic composite membranes for application in DMFC 显示文摘 | ZHANG Gaowen ZHOU Zhentao | 2005 | J Membr Sci2005，261，： | 1 |
| 13 | Curcumin reverses impaired cognition and neuronal plasticity induced by chronic stress显示文摘 | Ying Xu Dan Lin Shan Li Gaowen Li Subramaniam G. Shyamala Philip A. Barish Matthew M. Vernon Jianchun Pan William O. Ogle | 2009 | Neuropharmacology2009，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Antidepressant-like effect of trans -resveratrol: Involvement of serotonin and noradrenaline system显示文摘 | Ying Xu Zhichao Wang Wenting You Xiuhua Zhang Shan Li Philip A. Barish Matthew M. Vernon Xia Du Gaowen Li Jianchun Pan William O. Ogle | 2010 | European Neuropsychopharmacology2010，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on fibrinolytic activity following intracerebral hemorrhage in rats显示文摘The neuroprotective effect of Zhutan Tongluo Tang is associated with the activities of the fibrinolytic system. Thus the present study was designed to investigate therapeutic effects of Zhutan Tongluo Tang on intracerebral hemorrhage in rats, induced by injecting collagenase into one side of the caudate nucleus. Fibrinolytic indices including tissue plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and D-Dimer were determined. The results obtained demonstrated that Zhutan Tongluo Tang treatment could alleviate the neural and behavioral impairments of intracerebral hemorrhaging rats. Increased frequencies of placing their forelimb correctly and decreased frequencies of turning left were observed. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay showed that Zhutan Tongluo Tang could significantly elevate the concentration of plasma tissue plasminogen activator and D-Dimer, while depress plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated increased levels of catalase and glutathione in whole brain rat tissue following intracerebral hemorrhage. In addition, elevated expression of Bcl-2 in various hippocampal regions was seen. These findings describe the ability of Zhutan Tongluo Tang to activate the fibrinolytic system, and suggests that antioxidant and apoptosis inhibitory mechanisms may be playing a crucial role in protecting against collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage. | Yongxi Jin Xu Li Gaowen Li Lei Guo Fang Li Guoying Liu Songfang Chen Shijue Liu | 2011 | Neural Regeneration Research2011，6，21： | 1 |
| 16 | Objectdetectionusingspatialhistogramfeatures显示文摘 | ZHANGHongming GAOWen CHENXilin etal | 2006 | ImageandVisionComputing2006，24，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Sr Isotopes and REEs Geochemistry of Anhydrites from L Vent Black Smoker Chimney, East Pacific Rise 9oN–10oN显示文摘High resolution sampling, for Sr isotope and REE analyses, was carried out along a transaction of L vent chimney collected from East Pacific Rise 9oN–10oN. Sr isotopes show these anhydrites are precipitated from a mixture between hydrothermal fluid and seawater. The calculated relative proportion of seawater and hydrothermal fluid shows that the mixing is heterogeneous on the transection of the L vent chimney. Anhydrites from the chimney show uniform chondrite-normalized REE pattern with enrichment of LREE and positive Eu anomaly. While normalized to the REE of end-member hydrothermal fluid, anhydrites also show uniform REE pattern but with negative Eu anomaly and enrichment of HREE. Combining previous studies on REEs of hydrothermal fluids from different hydrothermal systems and the hydrothermal fluid data from this region, we suggested that REE-anion complexing, rather than crystallography controlling, is the main factor that controls the REE partition behavior in the anhydrite during its precipitation from the mixture of hydrothermal fluid and seawater. | Huiqiang Yao Huaiyang Zhou Xiaotong Peng Gaowen He | 2015 | Journal of Earth Science2015，26，6： | 0 |
| 18 | Pure aromatic hydrocarbons with meta-linked phenyl-core and perihedral fluorene substitutions with/without inert groups of tert-butyl: bipolar hosts for blue phosphorescence显示文摘Two pure hydrocarbon molecules of l,3,5-tris(9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)benzene(mTPFB)and l,3,5-tris(2-tert-butyl-9-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-yl)benzene(tBu-mTPFB)were synthesized.Due to the conjugation blocked connection mode and rigid/bulky substitutions,these two materials possess high triplet energy,enabling them as good hosts for blue phosphor in PhOLEDs.By studying their thermal,electrochemical,electronic absorption and photoluminescent properties,it was found that the influence of the inert tert-butyl group on material photoelectrical properties is negligible.For instance,mTPFB and tBu-mTPFB showed very similar absorption and emission profiles,with almost the same bandgap,triplet energy and energy levels.However,the encapsulation of tert-butyl on the 2-position of 9-phenylfluorene enhanced material thermal stability.Most importantly,carrier transport properties were improved dramatically,as proved by the mono carrier device.Blue phosphorescent OLEDs hosted by tBu-mTPFB showed external quantum efficiency of 15.2%and current efficiency of 23.0 cd/A,which were much higher than that of the OLEDs based on mTPFB with the analogous structure. | Gaowen Liu Chuanjun Wang Baoxiu Mi Minjie Zhuo Changjin Ou Jie Wang Shuchao Zheng Juan Song Zhiqiang Gao Dapeng Cao | 2017 | Science China Chemistry2017，60，2： | 0 |
| 19 | Effects of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)on soil structure and function显示文摘Soils are impacted globally by several anthropogenic factors,including chemical pollutants.Among those,perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are of concern due to their high environmental persistence,and as they might affect soil structure and function.However,data on impacts of PFAS on soil structure and microbially-driven processes are currently lacking.This study explored the effects of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS),perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)and perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS)at environmental-relevant concentrations on soil health,using a 6-week microcosm experiment.PFAS(even at 0.5 ng g-1 for PFBS)significantly increased litter decomposition,associated with positive effects on-glucosidase activities.This effect increased with PFAS concentrations.Soil pH was significantly increased,likely as a direct consequence of increased litter decomposition affected by PFAS.Soil respiration was significantly inhibited by PFAS in week 3,while this effect was more variable in week 6.Water-stable aggregates were negatively affected by PFOS,possibly related to microbial shifts.PFAS affected soil bacterial and fungal abundance,but not microbial and certain enzyme activities.Our work highlights the potential effects of PFAS on soil health,and we argue that this substance class could be a factor of environmental change of potentially broad relevance in terrestrial ecosystem functioning. | Baile Xu Gaowen Yang Anika Lehmann Sebastian Riedel Matthias C.Rillig | 2023 | Soil Ecology Letters2023，5，1： | 0 |
| 20 | Long noncoding RNA XIST:Mechanisms for X chromosome inactivation,roles in sex-biased diseases,and therapeutic opportunities显示文摘Sexual dimorphism has been reported in various human diseases including autoimmune diseases,neurological diseases,pulmonary arterial hypertension,and some types of cancers,although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.The long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)X-inactive specific transcript(XIST)is involved in X chromosome inactivation(XCI)in female placental mammals,a process that ensures the balanced expression dosage of X-linked genes between sexes.XIST is abnormally expressed in many sex-biased diseases.In addition,escape from XIST-mediated XCI and skewed XCI also contribute to sex-biased diseases.Therefore,its expression or modification can be regarded as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of many sex-biased diseases.Genetic manipulation of XIST expression can inhibit the progression of some of these diseases in animal models,and therefore XIST has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target.In this manuscript,we summarize the current knowledge about the mechanisms for XIST-mediated XCI and the roles of XIST in sex-biased diseases,and discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting XIST. | Jianjian Li Zhe Ming Liuyi Yang Tingxuan Wang Gaowen Liu Qing Ma | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，6： | 0 |
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