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| 1 | CPC, a Single-Repeat R3 MYB, Is a Negative Regulator of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis显示文摘象 CPC (突变) 一样的单个重复的 R3 MYB 抄写因素被知道在象根头发区别和毛状体开始那样的发展过程起作用。然而,任何一个都没六个 Arabidopsis 单个重复的 R3 MYB 成员被报导调整 flavonoid 生合成。我们这里证明 CPC 是 anthocyanin 生合成的一个否定管理者。在使用 CPC 测试 GAL4 依赖的司机线的过程,我们在调停 GAL4 的 CPC overexpression 之上观察了 anthocyanin 合成的压抑。我们证明因为更多的根头发,这不由于滋养的举起的增加。更确切地说, CPC 表达式水平紧控制 anthocyanin 累积。整个染色体上的 Microarray 分析显示出那, 37 ? 测试的 000 个特征, 85 基因被镇压比大由 CPC overexpression 三方面。这 85,七是迟了的 anthocyanin 生合成基因。另外, anthocyanin 合成基因被显示在 35S::CPC overexpression 植物下面调整。短暂表示结果建议 CPC 与 R2R3MYB 抄写因素 PAP1/2 竞争,它是 anthocyanin 生合成基因的使活跃之物。这份报告把 anthocyanin 生合成加到在 CPC 控制下面的节目的集合,显示这个管理者为发展节目不仅(例如根头发,毛状体) ,但是罐头影响 anthocyanin 颜料合成。 | Hui-Fen Zhu Karen Fitzsimmons Abha Khandelwal Robert G. Kranz | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，4： | 34 |
| 2 | 缺血性卒中的一级预防——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南 动脉粥样硬化性周围血管病跨学科工作组、心血管护理委员会、临床心脏病学委员会、营养、体力活动和代谢委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科工作组共同倡导显示文摘背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾(涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据,指明现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前,本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评估。根据干预的可能性(不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预的危险因素包括年龄、性别、出生体重低、人种/种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论有大量证据可以用于确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams Mark J. Alberts Lawrence J. Appel Lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.V. (Ian) Nixon Ralph L. Sacco 苏克江 高宗恩 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006，14，8： | 28 |
| 3 | 动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血处理指南 美国心脏协会卒中委员会特别写作组给医疗专业人员的声明显示文摘蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)是一种常见病,常常导致严重后果,约占全部卒中病例的5%,在美国每年有多达3万人罹患该病。美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)曾发表过“动脉瘤性SAH处理指南”。此后,在血管内技术、诊断方法以及手术和围手术期管理方面已取得了显著进展。尽管如此,SAH患者的预后依然较差,基于人群研究报告的病死率高达45%,并且存活者会遗留严重残疾。一些多中心前瞻性随机试验和前瞻性队列分析已对SAH的治疗方案产生影响。然而, | Joshua B. Bederson E. Sander Connolly H. Hunt Batjer Ralph G. Dacey Jacques E. Dion Michael N. Diringer John E. Duldner Robert E. Harbaugh Aman B. Patel Robert H. Rosenwasser 高翔(译) 李洛(译) 李海峰(译) | 2009 | 国际脑血管病杂志2009，17，4： | 24 |
| 4 | Insect Cell Culture and Biotechnology显示文摘The continued development of new cell culture technology is essential for the future growth and application of insect cell and baculovirus biotechnology. The use of cell lines for academic research and for commercial applications is currently dominated by two cell lines; the Spodoptera frugiperda line, SF21 (and its clonal isolate, SF9), and the Trichoplusia ni line, BTI 5B1-4, commercially known as High Five cells. The long perceived prediction that the immense potential application of the baculovirus-insect cell system, as a tool in cell and molecular biology, agriculture, and animal health, has been achieved. The versatility and recent applications of this popular expression system has been demonstrated by both academia and industry and it is clear that this cell-based system has been widely accepted for biotechnological applications. Numerous small to midsize startup biotechnology companies in North America and the Europe are currently using the baculovirus-insect cell technology to produce custom recombinant proteins for research and commercial applications. The recent breakthroughs using the baculovirus-insect cell-based system for the development of several commercial products that will impact animal and human health will further enhance interest in this technology by pharma. Clearly, future progress in novel cell and engineering advances will lead to fundamental scientific discoveries and serve to enhance the utility and applications of this baculovirus-insect cell system. | Robert R. Granados Guoxun Li G. W. Blissard | 2007 | 中国病毒学2007，22，2： | 12 |
| 5 | 卒中一级预防指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南美国神经病学学会肯定本指南作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值显示文摘背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述,以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(American HeartAssociation,AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾的方法(涵盖时间为2006年上一次回顾发表到2009年4月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有证据,并指出现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出推荐。写作组全体成员均有机会对推荐进行评论并审核这份声明的最终文本。在AHA科学咨询和协调委员会考察和批准之前,本指南已南卒中委员会领导层和AIIA科学声明督察委员会进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒巾风险的流程图进行了评价。根据干预的町能性(不可于预、可于预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别、低出生体质量、人种/种族和遗传倾向。证据充分的叮干预危险因素包括高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、体力活动过少以及肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行了回顾。结论多方面的证据可用于确定能增高首次卒中风险的多种具体因素并提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschia Wesley S. Moore J.V. (Ian) Nixon Thomas A. Pearson 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 陈孝东(译) 卢涛声(译) 石际俊(译) 曹勇军(译) 徐兴顺(译) | 2010 | 国际脑血管病杂志2010，18，12： | 12 |
| 6 | A worldwide phylogenetic (Gramineae) II: An update classifications classification of the Poaceae and a comparison of two 2015显示文摘我们在场在 768 个类, 12 个亚科,七 supertribes, 52 个部落,五 supersubtribes,和 90 subtribes 的 11506 草种类的一个新全球种系发生的分类;并且比较在 2015 出版的草家庭的二个种系发生的分类(Soreng 等。并且凯洛格) 。亚科(在基于种的数字下顺序) 是有在 202 个类, 15 个部落,和 30 subtribes 的 3968 种类的 Pooideae;有在 247 个类, 13 个部落,和 19 subtribes 的 3241 种类的 Panicoideae;有在 125 个类,三个部落,和 15 subtribes 的 1670 种类的 Bambusoideae;有在 124 个类,五个部落,和 26 subtribes 的 1602 种类的 Chloridoideae;有在三个类的 367 种类的 Aristidoideae,和一个部落;有在 19 个类的 292 种类的 Danthonioideae,和一个部落;有在八个类的 184 种类的 Micrairoideae,和三个部落;有在 19 个类,四个部落,和二 subtribes 的 115 种类的 Oryzoideae;有在 14 个类,二个部落,和二 subtribes 的 40 种类的 Arundinoideae;有在三个类的 12 种类的 Pharoideae,和一个部落;有在二个类的 11 种类的 Puelioideae,和二个部落;并且有在二个类的四种的 Anomochlooideae,和二个部落。我们也包括在 subtribes,部落,和亚科之中说明层次关系的一棵光线的树。最新描述的 taxa 包括:supertribes Melicodae 和 Nardodae;supersubtribes Agrostidodinae, Boutelouodinae, Gouiniodinae, Loliodinae,和 Poodinae;并且 subtribes Echinopogoninae 和 Ventenatinae。 | Robert J. Soreng Paul M. Peterson Konstantin Romaschenko Gerrit Davidse Jordan K. Teisher Lynn G. Clark Patricia Barbera Lynn J. Gillespie Fernando O. Zuloaga | 2017 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2017，55，4： | 11 |
| 7 | Technical and conceptual considerations forusing animated stimuli in studies of animalbehavior显示文摘Rapid technical advances in the field of computeropened new avenues in animal behavior research.animation (CA) and virtual reality (VR) haveAnimated stimuli are powerful tools as theyoffer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby"reducing" and "replacing" the animals used, and "refining" the experimental design in line withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical questions.In this review, we offer guidelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related tothe use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following the steps required to create ananimated stimulus, we discuss (I) the creation, (11) the presentation, and (111) the validation of CAsand VRs. Although our review is geared toward computer-graphically designed stimuli, consider-ations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new be-havioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior. | Laura CHOUINARD-THULY Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Gil G. ROSENTHAL Simon M. READER Guillaume RIEUCAU Kevin L. Woo Robert GERLAI Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INGLEY John R. STOWERS Joachim G.FROMMENI Francine L. DOLINS Klaudia WITTE | 2017 | Current Zoology2017，63，1： | 10 |
| 8 | 儿童严重过敏反应的处理:欧洲变态反应学及临床免疫学会指南显示文摘严重过敏反应在儿科急诊越来越多见,但因尚无一致定义,至今难以诊断。很多欧洲国家没有专门针对严重过敏反应的指南。本文由欧洲变态反应学及临床免疫学会(European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology,EAACI)儿童严重过敏反应工作组提供.旨在依据当前有限的资料为儿童严重过敏反应制定一个实用的指南。目前公认,无论在医院还是社区。肌肉注射肾上腺素均是严重过敏反应的一线用药,且一旦诊断就应该使用。 | A. Muraro G. Roberts A. Clark P. A. Eigenmann S. Halken G. Lack A. Moneret-Vautrin B. Niggemann F. Ranc 青曼丽(译) 尹佳审(校) | 2009 | 中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志2009，3，1： | 10 |
| 9 | The use of multiple novel tumor biomarkers for the detection of ovarian carcinoma in patients with a pelvic mass显示文摘 | Richard G. Moore Amy K. Brown M. Craig Miller Steven Skates W. Jeffrey Allard Thorsten Verch Margaret Steinhoff Geralyn Messerlian Paul DiSilvestro C.O. Granai Robert C. Bast | 2007 | Gynecologic Oncology2007，，2： | 7 |
| 10 | Classifying genotype F of hepatitis B virus into F1 and F2 subtypes显示文摘AIM: To explore the propriety of providing hepatitis B virus(HBV) genotypes F and H with two distinct genotypes.METHODS: Eleven HBV isolates of genotype F (HBV/F)were recovered from patients living in San Francisco,Japan, Panama, and Venezuela, and their full-length sequences were determined. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out among them along with HBV isolates previously reported.RESULTS: Seven of them clustered with reported HBV/F isolates in the phylogenetic tree constructed on the entire genomic sequence. The remaining four flocked on another branch along with three HBV isolates formerly reported as genotype H. These seven HBV isolates, including the four in this study and the three reported, had a sequence divergence of 7.3-9.5% from the other HBV/F isolates,and differed by > 13.7% from HBV isolates of the other six genotypes (A-E and G). Based on a marked genomic divergence, falling just short of >8% separating the seven genotypes, these seven HBV/F isolates were classified into F2 subtype and the former seven into F1 subtype provisionally. In a pairwise comparison of the S-gene sequences among the 7 HBV/F2 isolates and against 47HBV/F1 isolates as well as 136 representing the other six genotypes (A-E and G), two clusters separated by distinct genetic distances emerged.CONCLUSION: Based on these analyses, classifying HBV/F isolates into two subtypes (F1 and F2) would be more appropriate than providing them with two distinct genotypes (F and H). | Hideaki Kato Kei Fujiwara Robert G. Gish Hiroshi Sakugawa Hiroshi Yoshizawa Fuminaka Sugauchi Etsuro Orito Ryuzo Ueda Yasuhito Tanaka Takanobu Kato Yuzo Miyakawa Masashi Mizokami | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，40： | 6 |
| 11 | Dust pollen distribution on a continental scale and its relation to present-day vegetation along north-south transects in east China显示文摘A series of dust pollen samples was collected along N-S transects in east China (18°N to 53°N latitudes). Sample sites extend from the cold-temperate zone in the north to the tropical region in the south. Pollen taxa characterize each region and reflect the natural and devastated vegetation as well as corre- sponding climatic zones. The quantitative pollen data can be used to estimate the spatial distribution of planted and introduced species. Valuable information of human disturbance of the natural forest is evaluated by quantitative comparison between dust pollen and in-situ pollen of protected forest. In addition, percentages of grass pollen vary regularly from north to south that is consistent with spatial distribution of net primary productivity in east China. Among all grasses, Artemisia and the Gramineae carry the clearest signal: their ratio increases northwards and therefore represent a suitable and con- venient tool for palaeoclimate reconstructions. | P. COUR D. DUZER G. ROBERT M. CALLEJA C. BEAUDOUIN | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，2： | 6 |
| 12 | Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association显示文摘 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschi | 2011 | Stroke2011，，2： | 6 |
| 13 | 美国国家卒中协会短暂性脑缺血发作处理指南显示文摘目的:短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是常见和重要的卒中先兆。其处理方法多样,大多数发表的指南在近年来均未被更新。我们试图制定一个全面的、无偏倚的、循证的TIA处理指南。方法:根据一种客观标准(可以预测在该研究领域中执业医师对专家提名的文献测量学方法)挑选出15名专家组成员。通过系统回顾检索到过去发表的指南,由专家对其中的推荐意见的质量进行独立评价。选择出质量最高的推荐意见,然后让专家组采用改良Delphi法通过多次问卷调查的方式进行修订,从而对新的修改达成共识。给专家们提供近期临床研究的系统评价,要求专家根据新的证据判断措辞修改的合理性并且根据证据等级和质量对最终的推荐意见进行评定。不允许专家在预期有可能存在任何利益冲突的专题方面提出推荐意见。结果:通过系统回顾检索到257个指南,其中有13篇文献包括的137条推荐意见符合所有纳入标准。需要6次重复的问卷调查对53条最终推荐意见的措辞达成共识。最终的推荐意见涉及TIA的初步处理、评价、内科治疗、外科治疗和危险因素控制。结论:对TIA患者医疗诊治的最终推荐意见强调了紧急评价和治疗的重要性。这种用于制定本指南的新方法是可行的,考虑到了快速更新并能减少偏倚。 | S. Claiborne Johnston Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh Miriam E. Schwarz Kate Fuller Christina Williams S. Andrew Josephsort Graeme J. Hankey Robert G. Hart Steven R. Levine Jose Biller Robert D. Brown Ralph L. Sacco L. Jaap Kappelle Peter J. Koudstaal Julien Bogousslavsky Louis R. Caplan Jan van Gijn Ale Algra Peter M. Rothwell Harold P. Adams Gregory W. Albers 李海峰(译) | 2007 | 国际脑血管病杂志2007，15，3： | 5 |
| 14 | Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis: A prospective, multicenter study显示文摘 | Martin L. Freeman James A. DiSario Douglas B. Nelson M.Brian Fennerty John G. Lee David J. Bjorkman Carol S. Overby Johannes Aas Michael E. Ryan Gary S. Bochna Michael J. Shaw Harry W. Snady Robert V. Erickson Joseph P. Moore Joseph P. Roel | 2001 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2001，，4： | 5 |
| 15 | IMMEDIATE AND POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS OF TRANSURETHRAL PROSTATECTOMY IN THE 1990s显示文摘 | PRODROMOS G. BORBOROGLU CHRISTOPHER J. KANE JOHN F. WARD JAMES L. ROBERTS JOHN P. SANDS | 1999 | The Journal of Urology1999，，4： | 5 |
| 16 | NEPHRON SPARING SURGERY FOR RENAL TUMORS: INDICATIONS, TECHNIQUES AND OUTCOMES显示文摘 | ROBERT G. UZZO ANDREW C. NOVICK | 2001 | The Journal of Urology2001，，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Current state of biomarker development for clinical application in epithelial ovarian cancer显示文摘 | Richard G. Moore Shannon MacLaughlan Robert C. Bast | 2009 | Gynecologic Oncology2009，，2： | 4 |
| 18 | 关于与青光眼疾病严重性相关的资源使用和成本的一项多中心回顾性试验研究显示文摘目的:调查在不同疾病严重程度上青光眼治疗的资源消耗和直接成本。
设计:基于医学档案综述的观察性、回顾性的队列研究。 | Paul P. Lee John G. Walt John J. Doyle Sameer V. Kotak Stacy J. Evans Donald L. Budenz Philip P. Chen Anne L. Coleman Robert M. Feldman HenRY D. Jampel L.Jay Katz Richard P.Mills Jonathan S.Myers Robert J.Noecker Jody R.Piltz-Seymour Robert R.Ritch Paul N.Schacknow Janet B.Serle Gary L.Trick 范翔(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会眼科杂志(中文版)2006，18，4： | 4 |
| 19 | Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: Need for Standardization and Methods for Optimal Clinical Trial Design显示文摘 | Matthew H. G. Katz Robert Marsh Joseph M. Herman Qian Shi Eric Collison Alan P. Venook Hedy L. Kindler Steven R. Alberts Philip Philip Andrew M. Lowy Peter W. T. Pisters Mitchell C. Posner Jordan D. Berlin Syed A. Ahmad | 2013 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2013，，8： | 4 |
| 20 | Progression From Paroxysmal to Persistent Atrial Fibrillation显示文摘 | Cees B. de Vos Ron Pisters Robby Nieuwlaat Martin H. Prins Robert G. Tieleman Robert-Jan S. Coelen Antonius C. van den Heijkant Maurits A. Allessie Harry J.G.M. Crijns | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2010，，8： | 4 |
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