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| 1 | 气候变化下水资源脆弱性的适应性管理新认识显示文摘气候变化下的水资源脆弱性和适应性管理研究成为全球和国家应对气候变化和保障水资源安全重点关注的问题,也是中国可持续发展面对的重大战略问题。介绍了水资源脆弱性和适应性管理的国内外最新研究进展;针对国家重大需求和国际科学前沿问题,综述了气候变化下水资源脆弱性和适应性管理存在的问题与挑战。提出了气候变化下水资源脆弱性与适应性管理理论与方法研究以应对气候变化的无悔为准则,与社会经济可持续发展、成本效益分析、利益相关者的多信息源的分析与综合决策相结合为原则,对适应性管理与脆弱性组成的互联互动系统及其风险与不确定性进行分析的新认识。 | 夏军 石卫 雒新萍 洪思 宁理科 Christopher J Gippel | 2015 | 水科学进展2015，26，2： | 68 |
| 2 | Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis: A case-based review显示文摘Hypertriglyceridemia is an established cause of pancreatitis. In a case-based approach, we present a review of hypertriglyceridemia and how it can cause pancreatitis. We outline how to investigate and manage such patients. A 35 year old man presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and biochemical evidence of acute pancreatitis. There was no history of alcohol consumption and biliary imaging was normal. The only relevant past medical history was that of mild hyperlipidemia, treated with diet alone. Physical exam revealed epigastric tenderness, right lateral rectus palsy, lipemia retinalis, bitemporal hemianopsia and a delay in the relaxation phase of his ankle reflexes. Subsequent laboratory investigation revealed marked hypertriglyceridemia and panhypopituarism. An enhanced CT scan of the head revealed a large suprasellar mass impinging on the optic chiasm and hypothalamus. The patient was treated supportively; thyroid replacement and lipid lowering agents were started. He underwent a successful resection of a craniopharyngioma. Post- operatively, the patient did well on hormone replacement therapy. He has had no further attacks of pancreatitis. This case highlights many of the factors involved in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism. We review the common causes of hypertriglyceridemia and the proposed mechanisms resulting in pancreatitis. The incidence and management of hypertriglyceridemia- induced pancreatitis are also discussed. | S Ian Gan Alun L Edwards Christopher J Symonds Paul L Beck | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 35 |
| 3 | 1956—2008年鄱阳湖流域水沙输移趋势及成因分析显示文摘利用鄱阳湖流域代表性水文站1956—2008年实测年径流量及年输沙量资料序列,采用Mann-Kendall秩相关检验法,研究鄱阳湖流域水沙量年际变化趋势和可能发生突变的时间,并从流域降雨、用水、水库拦沙、水土流失及其治理等方面分析了鄱阳湖流域水沙变化的主要影响因素。研究结果表明:鄱阳湖地区来水量和出湖水量有小幅增大趋势;鄱阳湖流域来沙量呈异常显著减小趋势,发生突变的年份为1998—1999年;实测出湖沙量从2002年开始呈明显的减少趋势。通过对有关影响因素的研究,发现鄱阳湖流域气候变化降雨量减少对近10年鄱阳湖出入湖径流量的减少影响显著;水库滞沙是鄱阳湖入湖沙量减少的主要原因;出湖沙量变化主要受上游水库群的影响,还有近年湖区采砂的影响。 | 罗蔚 张翔 邓志民 陈龙 Christopher J Gippel | 2014 | 水科学进展2014，25，5： | 37 |
| 4 | 'Micro-deletions' of the human Y chromosome and their relationship with male infertility显示文摘The Y chromosome evolves from an autochromosome and accumulates male-related genes including sex-determining region of Y-chromosome (SRY) and several spermatogenesis-related genes. The human Y chromosome (60 Mb long) is largely composed of repeti-tive sequences that give it a heterochromatic appearance, and it consists of pseudoautosomal, euchromatic, and heterochromatic regions. Located on the two extremities of the Y chromosome, pseudoautosomal regions 1 and 2 (PAR1 and PAR2, 2.6 Mb and 320 bp long, re-spectively) are homologs with the termini of the X chromosome. The euchromatic region and some of the repeat-rich heterochromatic parts of the Y chromosome are called 'male-specific Y' (MSY), which occupy more than 95% of the whole Y chromosome. After evolu-tion, the Y chromosome becomes the smallest in size with the least number of genes but with the most number of copies of genes that are mostly spermatogenesis-related. The Y chromosome is characterized by highly repetitive sequences (including direct repeats, inverted repeats, and palindromes) and high polymorphism. Several gene rearrangements on the Y chromosome occur during evolution owing to its specific gene structure. The consequences of such rearrangements are not only loss but also gain of specific genes. One hundred and fifty three haplotypes have been discovered in the human Y chromosome. The structure of the Y chromosome in the GenBank belongs to haplotype R1. There are 220 genes (104 coding genes, 111 pseudogenes, and 5 other uncategorized genes) according to the most recent count. The 104 coding genes encode a total of about 48 proteins/protein families (including putative proteins/protein families). Among them, 16 gene products have been discovered in the azoospermia factor region (AZF) and are related to spermatogenesis. It has been dis-covered that one subset of gene rearrangements on the Y chromosome, 'micro-deletions', is a major cause of male infertility in some populations. However, controversies exist about different Y chromosome haplotypes. Six AZFs of the Y chromosome have been discov-ered including AZFa, AZFb, AZFc, and their combinations AZFbc, AZFabc, and partial AZFc called AZFc/gr/gr. Different deletions in AZF lead to different content spermatogenesis loss from teratozoospermia to infertility in different populations depending on their Y hap-lotypes. This article describes the structure of the human Y chromosome and investigates the causes of micro-deletions and their relation-ship with male infertility from the view of chromosome evolution. After analysis of the relationship between AZFc and male infertility, we concluded that spermatogenesis is controlled by a network of genes, which may locate on the Y chromosome, the autochromosomes, or even on the X chromosome. Further investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying male fertility/infertility will facilitate our knowledge of functional genomics. | Zheng Li Christopher J Haines Yibing Han | 2008 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2008，35，4： | 25 |
| 5 | Colonoscopic polypectomy and associated techniques显示文摘Polypectomy of colonic polyps has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer development and is considered a fundamental skill for all endoscopists who perform colonoscopy.A variety of polypectomy techniques and devices are available,and their use can vary greatly based on local availability and preferences.In general,cold forceps and cold snare have been the polypectomy methods of choice for smaller polyps,and hot snare has been the method of choice for larger polyps.The use of hot forceps has mostly fallen out of favor.Polypectomy for difficult to remove polyps may require the use of special devices and advanced techniques and has continued to evolve.As a result,the vast majority of polyps today can be removed endoscopically.Since electrocautery is frequently used for polypectomy,endoscopists should be thoroughly familiar with the basic principles of electrosurgery as it pertains to polypectomy.Tattooing of a polypectomy site is an important adjunct to polypectomy and can greatly facilitate future surgery or endoscopic surveillance.The two most common post-polypectomy complications are bleeding and perforation.Their incidence can be decreased with the use of meticulous polypectomy techniques and the application of some prophylactic maneuvers.This review will examine the technique of polypectomy and its complications from the perspective of the practicing gastroenterologist. | Christopher J Fyock Peter V Draganov | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，29： | 19 |
| 6 | Intraductal endoscopic radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of hilar non-resectable malignant bile duct obstruction显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and technical success of endoscopic radiofrequency ablation(RFA) for palliative treatment of malignant hilar bile duct obstruction. METHODS: In this study, a recently CE and FDA-approved endoscopic RFA catheter was first tested in an ex vivo pig liver model to study the effect of electrosurgical variables on the extent of the area of induced necrosis. Subsequently, a retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients treated with endoscopic RFA for malignant biliary obstruction at our center between February 2012 and April 2013. All patients received an additional plastic stent implantation into the biliary tree following RFA. RESULTS: In the pig model, ablation time of 60-90 seconds using the bipolar soft coagulation mode at 8-10 watts with an effect of 8 was found to be the most feasible setting. Twelve patients(5 females, 7 males; mean age, 70 years) underwent 19 endoscopic RFA(range, 1-5) sessions. Deployment of RFA was successful in all patients. Systemic chemotherapy was administered in four patients. We observed biliary bleeding 4-6 wk after the intervention in three cases and two of these patients died: in one patient, spontaneous hemobilia occurred, whereas bleeding started during stent extraction in the other. In the third patient, bleeding was stopped by insertion of a non-covered self-expanding metal stent. Another three patients developed cholangitis during follow-up. Seven patients died during follow-up and median survival was 6.4 mo(95%CI: 0.05-12.7) from the time of the first RFA. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic RFA is an easy to perform and technically highly successful procedure. However, hemobilia possibly associated with RFA occurred in three of our patients. Therefore, larger prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of this promising new method. | Andrea Oliver Tal Johannes Vermehren Mireen FriedrichRust Jrg Bojunga Christoph Sarrazin Stefan Zeuzem Jrg Trojan Jrg Gerhard Albert | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，1： | 18 |
| 7 | Thulium:YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate in large glands: a prospective comparison using 70- and 120-W 2-μm lasers显示文摘这研究比较了 70-w 和 120-w 2-µ 的功效; m 铥: 为有良性的 prostatic 阻塞(BPO ) 的病人的前列腺(ThuVEP ) 的钇铝柘榴石 VapoEnucleation。有征兆的 BPO 和 prostatic 增大的 84 个病人的未来的分析(≥ 60 ml ) 非随机经历了 70-w (n=44 ) 或 120-w ThuVEP (n=40 ) 的人,被执行。耐心的人口分布和 perioperative 和 12 月的后续数据被分析。吝啬的前列腺体积是 79.90 ± 27.49 在谁的病人的 ml 收到了 70-w ThuVEP,它是不到在里面收到了 120-w ThuVEP 的那些(88.53 ± 25.10;P=0.033 ) 。吝啬的 enucleation (resected 重量 / 激光时间, 2.16 ± 1.21 g min −1 对 1.23 ± 0.60 g min −1 ;P=0.013 ) ,操作效率(resected 重量 / 总数操作时间, 0.76 ± 0.35 g min −1 对 0.42 ± 0.27 g min −1 ;P=0.000 ) 并且 resected 织物的百分比(66.93 % ± 22.79 %对 45.41 % ± 23.33 %P=0.000 ) 与与 70-w ThuVEP 相比的 120-w 治疗是更高的。一个病人(1.2 %彻底的病人)( 在 120-w 组) 手术后地要求了输血。61 个病人(73 %) 为在 12 月的后续时间点的评论是可得到的。生活( QoL )的质量,国际前列腺症状分数( IPSS ),最大的尿流动率( Q 最大), postvoiding 剩余尿( PVR )和前列腺体积在治疗以后显著地改善了( P≤ ; 0.035 )并且不在与不同设备(70-w)和 120-w )对待的那些之间是显著地不同的。中部的前列腺体积减小是 81.70 %并且 82.19 %与 70-w 和 120-w ThuVEP,分别地。复杂并发症的发生是低的并且没在与不同设备对待的组之间不同。二个病人(2.4 %)( 一个每组) 在后续有膀胱颈挛缩。ThuVEP 是为征兆的 BPO 的治疗的一个安全、有效的过程。复杂并发症的发生与两台设备是低的。120-w 铥: 钇铝柘榴石设备关于 resected 织物和 enucleation/operation 效率的百分比提高 ThuVEP 的有效性。 | Christopher Netsch Thorsten Bach Thomas RW Herrmann Andreas J Gross | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，2： | 18 |
| 8 | Enhanced recovery programme in colorectal surgery:Does one size fit all?显示文摘Enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS) employs a multimodal perioperative care pathway with the aim of attenuating the stress response to surgery and accelerating recovery.It has been difficult to determine the relative importance of some of the individual components of these pathways such as epidural analgesia and laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Some argue that only a rigid adherence to the published ERAS protocol can achieve the proposed benefits of fast-track surgery.In this article,we explore some of the areas where the evidence base may be changing and ask whether a more flexible and individualised approach should be considered. | Alison Lyon Christopher J Payne Graham J MacKay | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，40： | 18 |
| 9 | Three-dimensional human facial morphologies as robust aging markers显示文摘老化与许多复杂疾病被联系。变老的过程的可靠预言为估计联系老化的疾病的风险是重要的。然而尽管有强烈研究,到目前为止没有可靠老化标记。这里,我们由检验人的 3D 美容成像特征是否能被用作可靠老化标记处理了这个问题。我们收集了 >300 幅 3D 人美容图象和越过 17 ~ 77 年的年龄散布得好的血侧面。由分析词法侧面,我们产生了变老的人的面部 phenome 的第一张全面地图。我们鉴别量的面部特征例如眼睛斜坡,高度与年龄联系了。我们构造了一个柔韧的年龄预言者并且发现平均,一样的按年代先后的年龄的人由 ± 不同;在美容的 6 年变老,与在年龄 40 以后增加的偏差。用这个预言者,我们识别了被健康指示物的层次显著地支持的慢、快的蒸化机。尽管有在在血的面部词法特征和健康指示物之间的一种靠近的关系,面部特征比血侧面是更可靠的老化 biomarkers 并且能更好比按年代先后的年龄反映一般健康地位。 | Weiyang Chen Wei Qian Gang Wu Weizhong Chen Bo Xian Xingwei Chen Yaqiang Cao Christopher D Green Fanghong Zhao Kun Tang Jing-Dong J Han | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，5： | 17 |
| 10 | Benign liver tumors in pediatric patients-Review with emphasis on imaging features显示文摘Benign hepatic tumors are commonly observed in adults,but rarely reported in children.The reasons for this remain speculative and the exact data concerning the incidence of these lesions are lacking.Benign hepatic tumors represent a diverse group of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors.In pediatric patients,most benign focal liver lesions are inborn and may grow like the rest of the body.Knowledge of pediatric liver diseases and their imaging appearances is essential in order to make an appropriate differential diagnosis.Selection of the appropriate imaging test is challenging,since it depends on a number of age-related factors.This paper will discuss the most frequently encountered benign liver tumors in children(infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma,mesenchymal hamartoma,focal nodular hyperplasia,nodular regenerative hyperplasia,and hepatocellular adenoma),as well as a comparison to the current knowledge regarding such tumors in adult patients.The current emphasis is on imaging features,which are helpful not only for the initial diagnosis,but also for pre- and posttreatment evaluation and follow-up.In addition,future perspectives of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in pediatric patients are highlighted,with descriptions of enhancement patterns for each lesion being discussed.The role of advanced imaging tests such as CEUS and magnetic resonance imaging,which allow for non-invasive assessment of liver tumors,is of utmost importance in pediatric patients,especially when repeated imaging tests are needed and radiation exposure should be avoided. | Liliana Chiorean Xin-Wu Cui Andrea Tannapfel Doris Franke Martin Stenzel Wojciech Kosiak Dagmar Schreiber-Dietrich J?rg Jüngert Jian-Min Chang Christoph F Dietrich | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，28： | 16 |
| 11 | Response evaluation of chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer by contrast enhanced ultrasound显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether contrast enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) might also be used for response prediction and early response evaluation in patients receiving bevacizumab based chemotherapy for metastasized colorectal cancer.METHODS:Thirty consecutive patients with non primary resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer underwent CEUS before treatment(CEUS date 1) and before the second(CEUS date 2) and fourth(CEUS date 3) cycle of bevacizumab based chemotherapy.Three parameters [PEAK,Time to peak(TTP) and RISE RATE]were correlated with radiological response.RESULTS:For neoadjuvant purpose a reduction of tumour mass was required to assume clinical response.Based on these response criteria there was a significant(P < 0.001) correlation in TTP between metastases of responders(9.08 s) and non-responders(14.76 s) archived on CEUS date 1.By calculating a standardized quotient(metastases divided by normal liver tissue) we were able to define a cut off,predicting response with a sensitivity of 92.3 % and a specificity of 100 %.To reflect a palliative intention only those patients with progressive disease were classified as non-responders.In this stetting TTP was also significantly(P < 0.01) different between responders and non-responders.In contrast,Peak and Rise rate did not show any significant difference between responder and non-responder.CONCLUSION:CEUS might serve as a surrogate marker to predict treatment response in patients with metastasized colorectal cancer who receive antiangiogenic therapy. | Ramin Schirin-Sokhan Ron Winograd Christoph Roderburg Jhenee Bubenzer Nicole Cabral do ó Dorothee Guggenberger Hartmut Hecker Christian Trautwein Jens J W Tischendorf | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，6： | 16 |
| 12 | 1990—2017年中国伤害负担:2017年全球疾病负担研究结果(摘译)显示文摘伤害是全球性的公共卫生挑战,涉及各年龄组和不同性别的人群。过去三十年来,中国经济快速发展,人口老龄化趋势加重,社会呈现出城镇化、机动化和老龄化等特征。随着人们生活环境和生活方式的改变,伤害已跃居人群致死原因第五位,仅排在恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病和心肌梗死之后。据估计,中国每年在伤害方面消耗的直接医疗费用约为650亿元人民币. | 林泽婷(译) 吕来文(译) 黄晓晴(译) 李丽萍(审校) Duan Leilei Ye Pengpeng Juanita A Haagsma Jin Ye Wang Yuan Er Yuliang Deng Xiao Gao Xin Ji Cuirong Wang Linhong Marlena S Bannick W Cli Mountjoy-Venning Caitlin N Hawley Zichen Liu Mari Smith Spencer L James Theo Vos Christopher J L Murray | 2020 | 伤害医学(电子版)2020，9，2： | 15 |
| 13 | 基于鱼类保护目标的太子河环境流量研究显示文摘环境流量是流域水资源合理配置的基础.因此,本文借鉴FLOWS法,以太子河重要鱼类为保护目标,构建了流量组分与鱼类生态需求关系模型.同时,结合栖息地指标与流量关系曲线,计算了包含基流、脉冲流、平滩流和漫滩流4种组分在内的太子河环境流量.结果表明:太子河本溪、辽阳、唐马寨河段鱼类保护年基流量分别为2.93×108、3.12×108、2.88×108m3;现状径流总体可以满足年基流量的要求,但水文过程需要通过水库调度以匹配鱼类生态过程.推荐的各河段脉冲流、平滩流和漫滩流的量级、频率、历时、出现时间等水文参数,可以体现环境流量组分与自然径流过程的一致性要求.该研究可为太子河流域水库生态调度提供理论依据. | 张远 王丁明 王西琴 孟伟 Gippel Christopher J | 2012 | 环境科学学报2012，32，12： | 13 |
| 14 | Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis显示文摘Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis(EPS) is a debilitating condition characterized by a fibrocollagenous membrane encasing the small intestine, resulting in recurrent small bowel obstructions. EPS is most commonly associated with long-term peritoneal dialysis, though medications, peritoneal infection, and systemic inflammatory disorders have been implicated. Many cases remain idiopathic. Diagnosis is often delayed given the rarity of the disorder combined with non-specific symptoms and laboratory findings. Although cross-sectional imaging with computed tomography of the abdomen can be suggestive of the disorder, many patients undergo exploratory laparotomy for diagnosis. Mortality approaches 50% one year after diagnosis. Treatment for EPS involves treating the underlying condition or eliminating possible inciting agents(i.e. peritoneal dialysis, medications, infections) and nutritional support, frequently with total parenteral nutrition. EPSspecific treatment depends on the disease stage. In the inflammatory stage, corticosteroids are the treatment of choice, while in the fibrotic stage, tamoxifen may be beneficial. In practice, distinguishing between stages may be difficult and both may be used. Surgical intervention, consisting of peritonectomy and enterolysis, is timeconsuming and high-risk and is reserved for situations in which conservative medical therapy fails in institutions with surgical expertise in this area. Herein we review the available literature of the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare, but potentially devastating disease. | Christopher J Danford Steven C Lin Martin P Smith Jacqueline L Wolf | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，28： | 13 |
| 15 | Osteoporosis in primary biliary cholangitis显示文摘Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease with multiple debilitating complications. Osteoporosis is a common complication of PBC resulting in frequent fractures and leading to significant morbidity in this population, yet evidence for effective therapy is lacking. We sought to summarize our current understanding of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in PBC, as well as current and emerging therapies in order to guide future research directions. A complete search with a comprehensive literature review was performed with studies from Pub Med, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane database, and the Countway Library. Osteoporosis in PBC is driven primarily by decreased bone formation, which differs from the increased bone resorption seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Despite this fundamental difference, current treatment recommendations are based primarily on experience with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Trials specific to PBC-related osteoporosis are small and have not consistently demonstrated a benefit in this population. As it stands, prevention of osteoporosis in PBC relies on the mitigation of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use, as well as encouraging a healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise. The primary medical intervention for the treatment of osteoporosis in PBC remains bisphosphonates though a benefit in terms of fracture reduction has never been shown. This review outlines what is known regarding the pathogenesis of bone disease in PBC and summarizes current and emerging therapies. | Christopher J Danford Hirsh D Trivedi Konstantinos Papamichael Elliot B Tapper Alan Bonder | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，31： | 13 |
| 16 | Correlation of MRI-determined small bowel Crohn’s disease categories with medical response and surgical pathology显示文摘AIM: To determine whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to categorize small bowel Crohn's disease (SB CD) into groups that correlate with response to medical therapy and surgical pathology.METHODS: Data was collected from all patients with MRI evidence of SB CD without significant colonic disease over a 32-mo period. Two radiologists, blinded to clinical findings, evaluated each MRI and grouped them based on bowel wall thickness and wall enhancement. These categories were: (1) 'fibrosis', (2) 'mild segmental hyper-enhancement and mild wall thickening', (3) 'mild segmental hyper-enhancement and marked wall thickening', (4) 'marked segmental transmural hyper-enhancement'. Patient response to additional medical therapy post-MRI was prospectively determined at 8-wk. Non-responders underwent endoscopy and were offered therapeutic endoscopy or surgery. Surgical pathology was assessed against the MRI category. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included. Females and category '2' patients were more likely, and patients with luminal narrowing and hold-up less likely, to respond to medical therapy (P < 0.05). Seventeen patients underwent surgery. The surgical pathologicalfindings of fibrosis and the severity of inflammation correlated with the MRI category in all cases.CONCLUSION: Our fi ndings suggest that SB CD can be grouped by the MRI f indings and that these groups are associated with patients more likely to respond to continued medical therapy. The MRI categories also correlated with the presence and level of intestinal inflammation and fibrosis on surgical pathology, and may be of prognostic use in the management of CD patients. | Ian Craig Lawrance Christopher J Welman Peter Shipman Kevin Murray | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，27： | 12 |
| 17 | Impact of concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and clopidogrel or ticagrelor on clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome显示文摘BackgroundThere 是在质子泵禁止者(PPI ) 和 clopidogrel 之间的可能的不利相互作用上的大争论。另外, PPI 的使用是否少些影响 ticagrelor 遗体的临床的功效,知道。在经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) .MethodsWe 回顾地从 “ 分析了数据以后,我们试图与急性冠的症候群(交流)在病人在临床的结果上决定 PPI 和 clopidogrel 或 ticagrelor 的伴随物管理的影响;真实 world” ;,国际,在 2003 和 2014 之间的多中心登记( n = 15,401 )并且在1年的合成主要端点上估计了 PPI 和 clopidogrel 或 ticagrelor 的伴随物管理的影响(所有原因死亡收到 PPI 的病人更老,更经常女性,并且是更可能的有 comorbidities。没有协会为收到 clopidogrel 的病人在 PPI 使用和主要端点之间被观察(调整 HR:1.036;95% CI:0.903-1.189 ) 或 ticagrelor (调整 HR:2.320;95% CI:0.875-6.151 )(P 相互作用 = 0.2004 ) 。同样, PPI 的使用没与所有原因死亡,重新梗塞,或与交流后面的一种总线标准的为与任何一个 clopidogrel 对待的病人或 ticagrelor.ConclusionsIn 病人的严重流血的减少的风险的增加的风险被联系, PPI 的伴随物使用没在收到 clopidogrel 或 ticagrelor 的病人与不利结果的增加的风险被联系。我们的调查结果显示与 clopidogrel 或 ticagrelor 在联合使用 PPI 是合理的,特别在有胃肠的流血的更高的风险的病人。 | Yan YAN Xiao WANG Jing-Yao FAN Shao-Ping NIE Sergio Raposeiras-Roubin Emad Abu-Assi Jose P Simao Henriques Fabrizio D'Ascenzo Jorge Saucedo Jose R Gonzfilez-Juanatey Stephen B Wilton Wouter J Kikkert Ivlin Nufiez-Gil Albert Ariza-Sole Xian-Tao SONG Dimitrios Alexopoulos Christoph Liebetrau Tetsuma Kawaji Claudio Moretti Zenon Huczek Toshiharu Fujii Luis C Correia Masa-aki Kawashiril Sasko Kedev | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，3： | 12 |
| 18 | Management of borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer:Where do we stand?显示文摘Many patients with pancreas cancer present with locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).The principle tools used for diagnosis and staging of LAPC include endoscopic ultrasound,axial imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and diagnostic laparoscopy.The definition of resectability has historically been vague,as there is considerable debate and controversy as to the definition of LAPC.For the patient with LAPC,there is some level of involvement of the surrounding vascular structures,which include the superior mesenteric artery,celiac axis,hepatic artery,superior mesenteric vein,or portal vein.When feasible,most surgeons would recommend possible surgical resection for patients with borderline LAPC,with the goal of an R0 resection.For initially unresectable LAPC,neoadjuvant should be strongly considered.Specifically,these patients should be offered neoadjuvant therapy,and the tumor should be assessed for possible response and eventual resection.The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with this approach as a bridge to potential curative resection is broad,ranging from 3%-79%.The different modalities of neoadjuvant therapy include sin-gle or multi-agent chemotherapy combined with radiation,chemotherapy alone,and chemotherapy followed by chemotherapy with radiation.This review focuses on patients with LAPC and addresses recent advances and controversies in the field. | Jin He Andrew J Page Matthew Weiss Christopher L Wolfgang Joseph M Herman Timothy M Pawlik | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，9： | 11 |
| 19 | The enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP显示文摘In this paper we present the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry mission—eXTP. eXTP is a space science mission designed to study fundamental physics under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. The mission aims at determining the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, measuring effects of QED, and understanding the dynamics of matter in strong-field gravity. In addition to investigating fundamental physics, eXTP will be a very powerful observatory for astrophysics that will provide observations of unprecedented quality on a variety of galactic and extragalactic objects. In particular, its wide field monitoring capabilities will be highly instrumental to detect the electro-magnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources.The paper provides a detailed description of:(1) the technological and technical aspects, and the expected performance of the instruments of the scientific payload;(2) the elements and functions of the mission, from the spacecraft to the ground segment. | ShuangNan Zhang Andrea Santangelo Marco Feroci YuPeng Xu FangJun Lu Yong Chen Hua Feng Shu Zhang Sφren Brandt Margarita Hernanz Luca Baldini Enrico Bozzo Riccardo Campana Alessandra De Rosa YongWei Dong Yuri Evangelista Vladimir Karas Norbert Meidinger Aline Meuris Kirpal Nandra Teng Pan Giovanni Pareschi Piotr Orleanski QiuShi Huang Stephane Schanne Giorgia Sironi Daniele Spiga Jiri Svoboda Gianpiero Tagliaferri Christoph Tenzer Andrea Vacchi Silvia Zane Dave Walton ZhanShan Wang Berend Winter Xin Wu Jean J.M.in't Zand Mahdi Ahangarianabhari Giovanni Ambrosi Filippo Ambrosino Marco Barbera Stefano Basso Jörg Bayer Ronaldo Bellazzini Pierluigi Bellutti Bruna Bertucci Giuseppe Bertuccio Giacomo Borghi XueLei Cao Franck Cadoux Francesco Ceraudo TianXiang Chen Yu Peng Chen Jerome Chevenez Marta Civitani Wei Cui WeiWei Cui Thomas Dauser Ettore Del Monte Sergio Di Cosimo Sebastian Diebold Victor Doroshenko Michal Dovciak YuanYuan Du Lorenzo Ducci QingMei Fan Yannick Favre Fabio Fuschino JoséLuis Ga'lvez Min Gao MingYu Ge Olivier Gevin Marco Grassi QuanYing Gu YuDong Gu DaWei Han Bin Hong Wei Hu Long Ji ShuMei Jia WeiChun Jiang Thomas Kennedy Ingo Kreykenbohm Irfan Kuvvetli Claudio Labanti Luca Latronico Gang Li MaoShun Li Xian Li Wei Li ZhengWei Li Olivier Limousin HongWei Liu XiaoJing Liu Bo Lu Tao Luo Daniele Macera Piero Malcovati Adrian Martindale Malgorzata Michalska Bin Meng Massimo Minuti Alfredo Morbidini Fabio Muleri Stephane Paltani Emanuele Perinati Antonino Picciotto Claudio Piemonte JinLu Qu Alexandre Rachevski Irina Rashevskaya Jerome Rodriguez Thomas Schanz ZhengXiang Shen LiZhi Sheng JiangBo Song LiMing Song Carmelo Sgro Liang Sun Ying Tan Phil Uttley Bo Wang DianLong Wang GuoFeng Wang Juan Wang LangPing Wang YuSa Wang Anna L.Watts XiangYang Wen Jörn Wilms ShaoLin Xiong JiaWei Yang Sheng Yang YanJi Yang Nian Yu WenDa Zhang Gianluigi Zampa Nicola Zampa Andrzej A.Zdziarski AiMei Zhang ChengMo Zhang Fan Zhang Long Zhang Tong Zhang Yi Zhang XiaoLi Zhang ZiLiang Zhang BaoSheng Zhao ShiJie Zheng Yu Peng Zhou Nicola Zorzi J.Frans Zwart | 2019 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2019，62，2： | 11 |
| 20 | Alcoholic pancreatitis:New insights into the pathogenesisand treatment显示文摘Acute pancreatitis is a necro-inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas that is characterized by inappropriate activation of zymogens, infiltration of the pancreas by inflammatory cells, and destruction of the pancreatic exocrine cells. Acute pancreatitis can progress to a severe life-threatening disease. Currently there is no pharmacotherapy to prevent or treat acute pancreatitis. One of the more common factors associated with acute pancreatitis is alcohol abuse. Although commonly associated with pancreatitis alcohol alone is unable to cause pancreatitis. Instead, it appears that alcohol and its metabolic by-products predispose the pancreas to damage from agents that normally do not cause pancreatitis, or to more severe disease from agents that normally cause mild pancreatic damage. Over the last 10 to 20 years, a tremendous amount of work has defined a number of alcohol-mediated biochemical changes in pancreatic cells. Among these changes are: Sustained levels of intracellular calcium, activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore, endoplasmic reticulum stress, impairment in autophagy, alteration in the activity of transcriptional activators, and colocalization of lysosomal and pancreatic digestive enzymes. Elucidation of these changes has led to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which ethanol predisposes acinar cells to damage. This greater understanding has revealed a number of promising targets for therapeutic intervention. It is hoped that further investigation of these targets will lead to the development of pharmacotherapy that is effective in treating and preventing the progression of acute pancreatitis. | Dahn L Clemens Katrina J Schneider Christopher K Arkfeld Jaclyn R Grode Mark A Wells Shailender Singh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 10 |
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