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| 1 | Outcomes of severe sepsis and septic shock patients after stratifi cation by initial lactate value显示文摘BACKGROUND: In the setting of severe sepsis and septic shock, mortality increases when lactate levels are ≥ 4 mmol/L. However, the consequences of lower lactate levels in this population are not well understood. The study aimed to determine the in-hospital mortality associated with severe sepsis and septic shock when initial lactate levels are < 4 mmol/L.METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of septic patients admitted over a 40-month period. Totally 338 patients were divided into three groups based on initial lactate values. Group 1 had lactate levels < 2 mmol/L; group 2: 2–4 mmol/L; and group 3: ≥ 4 mmol/L. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.RESULTS: There were 111 patients in group 1, 96 patients in group 2, and 131 in group 3. The mortality rates were 21.6%, 35.4%, and 51.9% respectively. Univariate analysis revealed the mortality differences to be statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated higher odds of death with higher lactate tier group, however the findings did not reach statistical significance.CONCLUSION: This study found that only assignment to group 3, initial lactic acid level of ≥ 4 mmol/L, was independently associated with increased mortality after correcting for underlying severity of illness and organ dysfunction. However, rising lactate levels in the other two groups were associated with increased severity of illness and were inversely proportional to prognosis. | Kimberly A. Chambers Adam Y. Park Rosa C. Banuelos Bryan F. Darge Bindu H. Akkanti Annamaria Macaluso Manoj Thangam Pratik B. Doshi | 2018 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2018，9，2： | 26 |
| 2 | 利用Minirhizotron技术监测火炬松新根生长动态显示文摘利用Minirhizotron技术 ,研究了位于美国路易斯安那州的 19年生的火炬松新根生长动态。结果表明 ,火炬松新根的根量密度随时间呈增长趋势 ,在生长季末的 1、2月份达到最大。经过林地土壤干旱处理 (通过建立穿透雨隔离系统 ,阻止雨水到达地面 )的树木的根量密度自 9.3cm处 ,随土壤深度增加呈下降趋势 ,未经干旱处理的树木在离土表 80 10 0cm深处仍有较高的根量密度 ,达 3.4 8 5 .12条·m- 1,是经干旱处理树木对应土壤层次中根量密度的 10多倍。火炬松从 3月份开始发生新根 ,随后迅速增加 ,至 6月份发生最多 ,然后缓慢减少 ,5 7月的新根发生数占总量的 4 1.8% ,大部分新根发生在离土表 30cm以内的土壤中。 11个月的干旱处理显著地降低火炬松的根量密度 (1 1条·m- 1,未经干旱处理的为 3 2 7条·m- 1)和新根发生数 (5 7条·株- 1,未经干旱处理的为 15 6条·株 - 1) ,干旱处理还可导致新根推迟 1 0 1.5个月发生。 | 周本智 Mary Anne Sword JimL Chambers CDan Andries | 2002 | 林业科学研究2002，15，3： | 9 |
| 3 | 听:为什么听?怎样听?显示文摘引言: 老师们肯定有同榉的沮丧事:你尽心尽力向学生讲授一个独特的概念,他们呢,似乎也掌握了。然后你反反复复地用各种各样有针对性的能引起学生兴趣的方式进行训练。是的,他们确实掌握了。然而,一个星期以后,你会沮丧地发现,你所花的时间和一切努力全白费了,学生们所掌握的概念已经烟消云散。 | Gary N Chambers 王绍梅 | 1998 | 外语教学理论与实践1998，，2： | 8 |
| 4 | Transcranial magnetic stimulation: potential treatment for co-occurring alcohol, traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorders显示文摘Alcohol use disorder(AUD), mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI), and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) commonly co-occur(AUD + m TBI + PTSD). These conditions have overlapping symptoms which are, in part, reflective of overlapping neuropathology. These conditions become problematic because their co-occurrence can exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, treatments must be developed that are inclusive to all three conditions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(r TMS) is non-invasive and may be an ideal treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. There is accumulating evidence on r TMS as a treatment for people with AUD, m TBI, and PTSD each alone. However, there are no published studies to date on r TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. This review article advances the knowledge base for r TMS as a treatment for AUD + m TBI + PTSD. This review provides background information about these co-occurring conditions as well as r TMS. The existing literature on r TMS as a treatment for people with AUD, TBI, and PTSD each alone is reviewed. Finally, neurobiological findings in support of a theoretical model are discussed to inform TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. The peer-reviewed literature was identified by targeted literature searches using Pub Med and supplemented by cross-referencing the bibliographies of relevant review articles. The existing evidence on r TMS as a treatment for these conditions in isolation, coupled with the overlapping neuropathology and symptomology of these conditions, suggests that r TMS may be well suited for the treatment of these conditions together. | Amy A.Herrold Sandra L.Kletzel Brett C.Harton R.Andrew Chambers Neil Jordan Theresa Louise-Bender Pape | 2014 | Neural Regeneration Research2014，9，19： | 6 |
| 5 | Panitumumab and irinotecan versus irinotecan alone for patients with KRAS wild-type, fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer (PICCOLO): a prospectively stratified randomised trial显示文摘 | Matthew T Seymour Sarah R Brown Gary Middleton Timothy Maughan Susan Richman Stephen Gwyther Catherine Lowe Jennifer F Seligmann Jonathan Wadsley Nick Maisey Ian Chau Mark Hill Lesley Dawson Stephen Falk Ann O’Callaghan Kim Benstead Philip Chambers Alfred | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，8： | 6 |
| 6 | Use and application of CFC-11,CFC-12,CFC-113 and SF6 as environmental tracers of groundwater residence time:A review显示文摘Groundwater residence time is a fundamental property of groundwater to understand important hydrogeological issues,such as deriving sustainable abstraction volumes,or,the evolution of groundwater quality.The anthropogenic trace gases chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11,CFC-12 and CFC-113) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) are ideal in this regard because they have been released globally at known rates and become dissolved in groundwater following Henry’s Law,integrating over large spatial (global) and temporal (decades) scales.The CFCs and SF6 are able to date groundwater up to w100 years old with the caveat of certain simplifying assumptions.However,the inversion of environmental tracer concentrations (CFCs and SF6) to derive groundwater age rests on the accurate determination of groundwater recharge parameters,namely temperature,elevation,salinity and excess air,in addition to resolving the potential for contamination,degradation and unsaturated zone effects.This review explores the fundamentals of CFC-11,CFC-12,CFC-113 and SF6 as environmental tracers of groundwater age and recommends complementary techniques throughout.Once this relatively simple and inexpensive technique has been used to determine initial concentrations at the recharge zone,setting the groundwater dating ‘clock’ to zero,this review then explores the meaning of groundwater ‘age’ in relation to measured environmental tracer concentrations.It is shown that the CFCs and SF6 may be applied to a wide-range of hydrogeological problems and suggests that environmental tracers are particularly powerful tools when integrated with numerical flow and transport models. | L.A. Chambers D.C. Gooddy A.M. Binley | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，5： | 6 |
| 7 | 选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂与新生儿持续性肺动脉高压患病风险显示文摘Background: Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn(PPHN) is associated with substantial infant mortality and morbidity. A previous cohort study suggested a possible association between maternal use of the selective serotonin- reuptake inhibitor(SSRI) fluoxetine late in the third trimester of pregnancy and the risk of PPHN in the infant. We performed a case- control study to assess whether PPHN is associated with exposure to SSRIs during late pregnancy. Methods: Between 1998 and 2003, we enrolled 377 women whose infants had PPHN and 836 matched control women and their infants. Maternal interviews were conducted by nurses, who were blinded to the study hypothesis, regarding medication use in pregnancy and potential confounders, including demographic variables and health history. Results: Fourteen infants with PPHN had been exposed to an SSRI after the completion of the 20th week of gestation, as compared with six control infants(adjusted odds ratio, 6.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.2 to 16.8). In contrast, neither the use of SSRIs before the 20th week of gestation nor the use of non- SSRI antidepressant drugs at any time during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of PPHN. Conclusions: These data support an association between the maternal use of SSRIs in late pregnancy and PPHN in the offspring; further study of this association is warranted. These findings should be taken into account in decisions as to whether to continue the use of SSRIs during pregnancy. | Chambers C. D. Hernandez-Diaz S. Van Marter L.J. 任付先(译) 马超(校) | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2006，2，6： | 5 |
| 8 | PREDICTION OF THE GRAIN SIZE OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT:IMPLICATIONS FOR CALCULATING SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATIONS USING SINGLE FREQUENCY ACOUSTIC BACKSCATTER显示文摘Collection of samples of suspended sediment transported by streams and rivers is difficult and expensive. Emerging technologies, such as acoustic backscatter, have promise to decrease costs and allow more thorough sampling of transported sediment in streams and rivers. Acoustic backscatter information may be used to calculate the concentration of suspended sand-sized sediment given the vertical distribution of sediment size. Therefore, procedures to accurately compute suspended sediment size distributions from easily obtained river data are badly needed. In this study, techniques to predict the size of suspended sand are examined and their application to measuring concentrations using acoustic backscatter data are explored. Three methods to predict the size of sediment in suspension using bed sediment, flow criteria, and a modified form of the Rouse equation yielded mean suspended sediment sizes that differed from means of measured data by 7 to 50 percent. When one sample near the bed was used as a reference, mean error was reduced to about 5 percent. These errors in size determination translate into errors of 7 to 156 percent in the prediction of sediment concentration using backscatter data from 1 MHz single frequency acoustics. | R. A. KUHNLE D. G. WREN J. P. CHAMBERS | 2007 | International Journal of Sediment Research2007，22，1： | 4 |
| 9 | 婴幼儿血管瘤的治疗与管理显示文摘婴幼儿血管瘤(IH)也称为婴幼儿毛细血管瘤、草莓状血管瘤或草莓痣,是儿童中常见的非恶性血管瘤。自然疾病过程通常包括长达1年的生长期,然后在几年内不经治疗而退化,不或少遗留美容或功能性后遗症。 | Satterfield KR Chambers CB 赵泽亮 | 2019 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2019，17，2： | 4 |
| 10 | 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions显示文摘 | Glenn N. Levine Eric R. Bates James C. Blankenship Steven R. Bailey John A. Bittl Bojan Cercek Charles E. Chambers Stephen G. Ellis Robert A. Guyton Steven M. Hollenberg Umesh N. Khot Richard A. Lange Laura Mauri Roxana Mehran Issam D. Moussa Debabrata Mu | 2011 | Circulation2011，，23： | 3 |
| 11 | Human urotensinⅡis a potent vasoconstrictory and agonist for the orphan receptor GPR14 显示文摘 | Ames R S Sarau H M Chambers J K | 1999 | Nature1999，401，6750： | 3 |
| 12 | Taking the ’de’ out of demotivation显示文摘 | Gary Chambers | 1993 | Language Learning Journal1993，，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Taking the “U” out of Kuznets显示文摘 | Jill L. Caviglia-Harris Dustin Chambers James R. Kahn | 2008 | Ecological Economics2008，，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Functional Expression Cloning of Nanog, a Pluripotency Sustaining Factor in Embryonic Stem Cells显示文摘 | Ian Chambers Douglas Colby Morag Robertson Jennifer Nichols Sonia Lee Susan Tweedie Austin Smith | 2003 | Cell2003，，5： | 3 |
| 15 | Taking the ’de’ out of demotivation显示文摘 | Gary Chambers | 1993 | Language Learning Journal1993，，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Flavivirus Genome Organization, Expression, and Replication显示文摘 | T J Chambers C S Hahn R Galler C M Rice | 1990 | Annual Review of Microbiology1990，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Molecular cloning of complementary DNA to Newcastle disease virus,and nucleotide sequence analysis of the junction between the genes encoding the haemagglutinin-neuramnidase and the large protein显示文摘 | Chambers P Millar N S Bingham R W | | Journal of0，，： | 2 |
| 18 | 中国绿色低碳住区减碳技术评估框架体系 讨论稿节选显示文摘低碳建筑已成为建筑界,产业界普遍关注的问题。但国内外学术界至今对'低碳建筑'并未作出明确科学的界定。要科学地界定低碳建筑需要确定各类建筑低碳排放的标准,同时要建立起建筑碳排放的计算方法和评估办法。这是一个需要多学科多专业共同认真研究的课题。全国工商联房地产商会邀请建筑界部分专家对住宅区减碳排放问题进行了多次讨论,在此基础上提出了'中国绿色低碳住区减碳技术评估框架体系'讨论稿。讨论稿提出了'低碳住区'的技术要点,构建原则及减碳评估指标。对住区建筑节能,节水,住区绿化,住区交通以及住区建造期、运行期的许多技术措施提出了量化的计算方法。对住区各个系统的减碳减排放状况提出了评价办法。讨论稿提出的评估框架体系试图为住宅区的减碳计算和评估提出一个可以实际应用的技术方法。这是我们看到的国内第一个提出的系统的减碳技术评估框架体系。这个讨论稿尽管是邀请各方面建筑专家经数次讨论而成,但这毕竟是'一家'之言。讨论稿中所确定的计算方法是否科学,对碳排放状况的评价方法是否合理等等,都有待于进一步研究和论证。既是讨论稿,稿中的论点、公式、方法就可能有不全面、不准确、不科学的部分。这个讨论稿共有5章,核心内容是2~4章。限于篇幅本刊将讨论稿最核心的2~4章全文发表。希望引起业内人士的关注和讨论。 | China Real Estate Chamber of Commerce, Elite (China) Real Estate Academy | 2010 | 动感(生态城市与绿色建筑)2010，0，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Flavivirus Genome Organization, Expression, and Replication显示文摘 | T J Chambers C S Hahn R Galler C M Rice | 1990 | Annual Review of Microbiology1990，，： | 2 |
| 20 | Heavy metal contents of livestock feeds and animal manures in England and Wales显示文摘 | F.A Nicholson B.J Chambers J.R Williams R.J Unwin | 1999 | Bioresource Technology1999，，1： | 2 |
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