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| 1 | 产后出血的预防和处理指南显示文摘目的:为产后出血(PPH)的预防和临床处理作一综述,为临床医师提供预防和处理产后出血的指南。涉及方面:预防、适当干预、使其影响最小化的方法。结果:建立常规,便于临床医师鉴别可能的高危人群,一旦发生产后过多出血,可指导临床如何迅速处理。证据:遵循加拿大定期健康检查办公室制定的证据等级。评估:由产科专家完善。利弊和成本:评估子宫收缩药和其他积极处理措施的方便性、正确性、有效性和安全性。建议:根据证据的等级,本指南分等级列出了12条建议。确认:按照MeSH词表推荐的postpartum haemorrhage在medline上查询相关文献,在Cochrane图书馆查找相关研究文献,并参考the ALARMcourse Manual。发起人:由产科临床实践委员会制定和综述,并由SOGC(加拿大妇产科协会)委员会批准。 | Nan Schuurmans MD FRCSC, Edmonton AB Catherine MacKinnon MD FRCSC, Brantford ON Carolyn Lane MD CCFP Calgary AB Duncan Etches MD CCFP Vancouver BC 刘铭(译) 段涛(译) | 2007 | 现代妇产科进展2007，16，3： | 152 |
| 2 | PBL在英国护理高等教育的发展和现状显示文摘 | 叶旭春 Carolyn Gibbon | 2006 | 现代护理2006，12，1： | 27 |
| 3 | Wastewater Treatment for Removal of Recalcitrant Compounds:A Hybrid Process for Decolorization and Biodegradation of Dyes显示文摘While conventional wastewater treatments for urban effluents are fairly routine and have proved highly effective,industrial wastewater requires more complex and specific treatments.This paper provides a technological strategy for removal of recalcitrant contaminants based on a hybrid treatment system.The model effluent containing a binary mixture of synthetic dyes is treated by a combination of a preliminary physicochemical stage followed by a biological stage based on ligninolytic enzymes produced by Phanerochaete chrysosporium.This proposal includes biosorption onto peat as pretreatment,which decreases the volume and concentration to be treated in the biological reactor,thereby obtaining a completely decolorized effluent.The treated wastewater can therefore be reused in the dyeing baths with the consequent saving of water resources. | Carolyn Palma Andrea Carvajal Carlos Vasquez Elsa Contreras | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2011，19，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Benzene alkylation with methanol over phosphate modified hierarchical porous ZSM-5 with tailored acidity显示文摘The acidity and acid distribution of hierarchical porous ZSM-5 were tailored via phosphate modification. The catalytic results showed that both benzene conversion and selectivity of toluene and xylene increased with the presence of appropriate amount of phosphorus. Meanwhile, side reactions such as methanol to olefins related with the formation of by-product ethylbenzene formation and isomerization of xylene to meta-xylene were suppressed efficiently. The acid strength and sites amount of Br?nsted acid of the catalyst were crucial for improving benzene conversion and yield of xylene, whereas passivation of external surface acid sites played an important role in breaking thermodynamic equilibrium distribution of xylene isomers. | Jinghui Lyu Hualei Hu Carolyn Tait Jiayao Rui Caiyi Lou Qingtao Wang Wenwen Han Qunfeng Zhang Zhiyan Pan Xiaonian Li | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，9： | 11 |
| 5 | 为多伦多创造更安全的空间显示文摘上世纪80年代后期,多伦多着手制定并实施了一系列方针和政策,其目的在于从城市规划和设计的角度改善城市的治安。由多伦多率先采用的一些规划方针,比如社区安全条例以及保障城市安全设计大纲等已经在世界范围内被广泛采用。本文将对这些政策的要点、实践过程中遇到的问题,以及一些值得吸取的经验进行回顾和总结。尽管多伦多从历史、政府体系以及政治方面来讲都与中国的城市不尽相同,但是希望本文能够让中国的城市规划师有所借鉴。 | Carolyn Whitzman 严宁 | 2005 | 国外城市规划2005，20，2： | 11 |
| 6 | PBL在英国护理高等教育中的应用研究现状显示文摘 | 张华 Carolyn Gibbon | 2009 | 海南医学院学报2009，15，8： | 10 |
| 7 | Increased virulence of the oral microbiome in oral squamous cell carcinoma revealed by metatranscriptome analyses显示文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) is the most prevalent and most commonly studied oral cancer. However, there is a void regarding the role that the oral microbiome may play in OSCC. Although the relationship between microbial community composition and OSCC has been thoroughly investigated, microbial profiles of the human microbiome in cancer are understudied. Here we performed a small pilot study of community-wide metatranscriptome analysis to profile mRNA expression in the entire oral microbiome in OSCC to reveal molecular functions associated with this disease. Fusobacteria showed a statistically significantly higher number of transcripts at tumour sites and tumour-adjacent sites of cancer patients compared to the healthy controls analysed. Regardless of the community composition, specific metabolic signatures were consistently found in disease. Activities such as iron ion transport, tryptophanase activity, peptidase activities and superoxide dismutase were over-represented in tumour and tumour-adjacent samples when compared to the healthy controls. The expression of putative virulence factors in the oral communities associated with OSCC showed that activities related to capsule biosynthesis, flagellum synthesis and assembly, chemotaxis, iron transport, haemolysins and adhesins were upregulated at tumour sites. Moreover, activities associated with protection against reactive nitrogen intermediates, chemotaxis, flagellar and capsule biosynthesis were also upregulated in non-tumour sites of cancer patients. Although they are preliminary, our results further suggest that Fusobacteria may be the leading phylogenetic group responsible for the increase in expression of virulence factors in the oral microbiome of OSCC patients. | Susan Yost Philip Stashenko Yoonhee Choi Maria Kukuruzinska Caroline A.Genco Andrew Salama Ellen O.Weinberg Carolyn D.Kramer Jorge Frias-Lopez | 2018 | International Journal of Oral Science2018，10，4： | 9 |
| 8 | The American Joint Committee on Cancer: the 7th Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual and the Future of TNM显示文摘 | Stephen B. Edge Carolyn C. Compton | 2010 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2010，，6： | 9 |
| 9 | Human, Social, and Now Positive Psychological Capital Management:显示文摘 | FRED LUTHANS CAROLYN M. YOUSSEF | 2004 | Organizational Dynamics2004，，2： | 8 |
| 10 | Genre as social action显示文摘 | Carolyn R. Miller | 1984 | Quarterly Journal of Speech1984，，2： | 8 |
| 11 | 【特刊综述】性激素与糖代谢显示文摘在患有代谢综合征和2型糖尿病的男性中睾酮水平较低,而睾酮水平也可预示这些不利的代谢状态的出现。身体构成(或称BMI,腰围)是这种关系的重要中介。性激素结合球蛋白也与胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病负相关,但是有关雌激素的数据是不一致的。包括克兰费尔特综合征以及治疗晚期前列腺癌的雄激素剥夺疗法在内的雄激素缺乏临床模型确认了雄激素和血糖状态的关联。对胰岛素/血糖环境的实验操作和对内源性睾丸功能的抑制提示了雄激素和胰岛素敏感性的关系是双向的。在没有糖尿病的男性中,雄激素疗法不能区分到底是胰岛素抵抗的效果还是脂肪量的效果,特别是内脏型肥胖。与之类似的是,几个小规模的临床研究验证了外源性睾酮在治疗患有2型糖尿病的男性中的效果,但是在排除了身体构成的影响后,雄激素在减轻胰岛素抵抗中的作用仍是不确定的。 | Carolyn A Allan | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，2： | 8 |
| 12 | 北京地区育龄妇女泌尿生殖道沙眼衣原体感染状况及基因分型初步研究显示文摘目的对北京地区育龄妇女沙眼衣原体的感染状况及基因分型进行初步研究。方法利用胶体金免疫法对 177例计划生育门诊及妇科体检的育龄妇女进行筛查,对 9例沙眼衣原体感染阳性者的拭子标本直接进行套式 PCR扩增主要外膜蛋白( MOMP)基因。将扩增的 DNA进行限制性内切酶长度多态性分析,并对 MOMP基因易变区 VS1、 VS2、 VS3、 VS4进行基因序列分析。结果 177名育龄妇女有 9例沙眼衣原体感染阳性, 9份标本均扩增出 1.1 kb目的 DNA,经限制性内切酶长度多态性分析, 4例确定为 F型, 3例为 E型, 2例为 D型。利用 373A自动序列分析仪,对 MOMP基因易变区 VS1、 VS2、 VS3、 VS4进行基因序列分析,与标准序列比较发现, 2例为 D型, 3例为 E型, 4例为 F型,与限制性内切酶长度多态性分析结果相同,但其中 4例有 MOMP基因变异存在。结论北京地区健康育龄妇女存在一定比例的沙眼衣原体感染,利用对 MOMP基因的多态性分析可以对沙眼衣原体的流行情况作出分析。 | 徐克沂 李敏 伦文辉 Carolyn M Black | 2000 | 中华皮肤科杂志2000，33，6： | 7 |
| 13 | National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2·7 million participants显示文摘 | Goodarz Danaei Mariel M Finucane Yuan Lu Gitanjali M Singh Melanie J Cowan Christopher J Paciorek John K Lin Farshad Farzadfar Young-Ho Khang Gretchen A Stevens Mayuree Rao Mohammed K Ali Leanne M Riley Carolyn A Robinson Majid Ezzati | 2011 | The Lancet2011，，9785： | 6 |
| 14 | Air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games显示文摘 | David G. Streets Joshua S. Fu Carey J. Jang Jiming Hao Kebin He Xiaoyan Tang Yuanhang Zhang Zifa Wang Zuopan Li Qiang Zhang Litao Wang Binyu Wang Carolyne Yu | 2006 | Atmospheric Environment2006，，3： | 6 |
| 15 | TIMI Frame Count: A Quantitative Method of Assessing Coronary Artery Flow显示文摘 | C. Michael Gibson Christopher P. Cannon William L. Daley Jr Dodge Barbara Alexander Susan J. Marble Carolyn H. McCabe Lori Raymond Terry Fortin W. Kenneth Poole Eugene Braunwald | 1996 | Circulation1996，，5： | 6 |
| 16 | 大型公共建筑低成本运行节能措施调研与分析显示文摘本文通过对全国10个城市26栋大型公共建筑运营现状进行调研,得出了可广泛应用于各类大型公共建筑运营阶段的低成本节能措施,提出了一条不同于通过大规模投资改造实现建筑节能的技术路径。 | 张时聪 魏峥 陈曦 Carolyn Szum 赵言冰 刘寅坤 | 2012 | 建筑科学2012，28，12： | 5 |
| 17 | 邓恩桉生长特性与生长应变研究显示文摘[目的]通过研究邓恩桉的生长特性和生长应变,为邓恩桉木材利用提供科学数据。[方法]以9.5年生人工林邓恩桉为研究对象,测定和评估树高(Ht)、胸径(DBH)、胸高比(DBH/Ht)、生长应变,并分析生长应变与生长性状的相关性。[结果]邓恩桉树高、胸径和生长应变的小区间差异显著。胸径和生长应变的变化幅度分别为10.2~24.5 cm,-0.227~-0.064 mm。生长应变水平在上坡方向显著高于下坡方向。邓恩桉生长应变与树高、胸径、胸高比无显著相关性。[结论]邓恩桉可作为速生材培育,邓恩桉木材的生长应力不受生长性状的影响。实现高生长和选择低应力水平的速生邓恩桉作为实木加工是可行的。 | 叶露 J.Doland Nichols Carolyn A.Raymond Kevin Glencross | 2013 | 安徽农业科学2013，41，10： | 5 |
| 18 | Acute kidney injury and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis显示文摘Acute kidney injury(AKI)in cirrhosis,including hepatorenal syndrome(HRS),is a common and serious complication in cirrhotic patients,leading to significant morbidity and mortality.AKI is separated into two categories,non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI.The most recent definition and diagnostic criteria of AKI in cirrhosis and HRS have helped diagnose and prognosticate the disease.The pathophysiology behind non-HRS-AKI and HRS is more complicated than once theorized and involves more processes than just splanchnic vasodilation.The common biomarkers clinicians use to assess kidney injury have significant limitations in cirrhosis patients;novel biomarkers being studied have shown promise but require further studies in clinical settings and animal models.The overall management of non-HRS AKI and HRS-AKI requires a systematic approach.Although pharmacological treatments have shown mortality benefit,the ideal HRS treatment option is liver transplantation with or without simultaneous kidney transplantation.Further research is required to optimize pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic approaches to treatment.This article reviews the current guidelines and recommendations of AKI in cirrhosis. | Kapil Gupta Abhishek Bhurwal Cindy Law Scott Ventre Carlos D Minacapelli Savan Kabaria You Li Christopher Tait Carolyn Catalano Vinod K Rustgi | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，26： | 5 |
| 19 | 美国加州西梅产业化发展现状分析显示文摘在查阅大量资料和实地调研的基础上,从美国加州西梅的栽培历史、栽培现状、栽培品种、果园管理、采收加工等方面进行阐述,分析了美国加州西梅产业化发展中存在的问题,以期为我国果树产业化发展提供借鉴。 | 周龙 Carolyn DeBuse John E.Preece | 2014 | 中国果树2014，，4： | 4 |
| 20 | A Perspective on Rheological Studies of Gas Hydrate Slurry Properties显示文摘天然气水合物是一种固体包合物,由三维氢键网络组成,可以用来捕获天然气小分子,如甲烷和二氧化碳。了解溶液中天然气水合物晶体的流变性能对于许多能源方面的应用至关重要,包括天然气在海底和陆地上的运输以及天然气分离、脱盐或封存等方面的技术应用。人们已经对水合物浆液流变学进行了多次实验和模拟研究。然而,理论与实验之间的联系并不明确。本文综述了对高、低压流变仪的研究以及在高压流动环境下,一系列不同的过冷度(ΔT_(sub)=T_(equil)-T_(exp))和流体条件的水合物浆液黏度测量技术的现状(包括水和连续油系统),同时介绍了天然气水合物浆液相对黏度的理论模型,并讨论了实验和理论之间的联系。 | Ahmad A.A. Majid David T. Wu Carolyn A. Koh | 2018 | Engineering2018，4，3： | 4 |
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