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| 1 | ESVS指南:颈动脉狭窄有创性治疗的适应证和技术显示文摘欧洲血管外科学会召集颈动脉疾病领域的专家制定了关于颈动脉疾病有创性治疗的最新指南。根据证据级别对推荐意见进行分级。对于狭窄程度〉50%的有症状患者,如果围手术期卒中/死亡发生率〈6%,则推荐行颈动脉内膜切除术(carotid endarterectomy,CEA)(A级推荐),最好在患者最近发作的2周内进行(A级推荐)。对于狭窄程度为70%~99%并且年龄在75岁以下的男性无症状患者,如果围手术期卒中/死亡发生率〈3%,也推荐行CEA(A级推荐)。女性无症状患者从CEA中获得的益处明显不如男性患者(A级推荐)。因此,只有年龄较小的合适的女性患者才考虑行CEA(A级推荐)。颈动脉补片血管成形术优于直接缝合(A级推荐)。在CEA术前、术中和术后均应给予阿司匹林(75~325medd)和他汀类药物治疗(A级推荐)。颈动脉支架置入术(carotid artery stenting,CAS)仅适用于CEA高危患者,并且应在围手术期卒中,死亡发生率较低的大型中心或是在随机对照试验中进行(C级推荐)。在CAS治疗的同时,应使用阿司匹林+氯吡格雷双重抗血小板治疗(A级推荐)。使用颈动脉保护装置可能有益(C级推荐)。 | C.D. Liapis P.R.F. Bell D. Mikhailidis J. Sixenius A. Nicolaides J. Femandes e Fermndes G. Biasi L. Norgren 无 尧瑶(译) 兰青(译) | 2009 | 国际脑血管病杂志2009，17，5： | 34 |
| 2 | Responses of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity to Agricultural Deintensification显示文摘Using a scheme of agricultural fields with progressively less intensive management (deintensification), different manage- ment practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were tested in a large-scale experiment, including two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT), an organic farming system (OR), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), a successional field (SU), and a plantation woodlot (WO). Microbial phos- pholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and substrate utilization patterns (BIOLOG ECO plates) were measured to examine the effects of deintensification on the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities. Principle component analyses of PLFA and BIOLOG data showed that the microbial community structure diverged among the soils of the six systems. Lower microbial diversity was found in lowly managed ecosystem than that in intensive and moderately managed agro- ecosystems, and both fungal contribution to the total identified PLFAs and the ratio of microbial biomass C/N increased along with agricultural deintensification. Significantly higher ratios of C/N (P < 0.05) were found in the WO and SU systems, and for fungal/bacterial PLFAs in the WO system (P < 0.05). There were also significant decreases (P < 0.05) along with agricultural deintensification for contributions of total bacterial and gram positive (G+) bacterial PLFAs. Agricultural deintensification could facilitate the development of microbial communities that favor soil fungi over bacteria. | ZHANG Wei- Jian RUI Wen-Yi C. TU H. G. DIAB F. J. LOUWS J. P. MUELLER N. CREAMER M. BELL M.G. WAGGER S. HU | 2005 | Pedosphere2005，15，4： | 29 |
| 3 | Choledocholithiasis: Evolving standards for diagnosis and management显示文摘胆石病,导致外科的干预的最普通的医药条件之一,在美国影响成年人口的约 10 % 。胆总管石病与胆囊石头在大约病人的 10%-20% 发展,文学建议至少经历胆囊炎的病人的 3%-10% 将有胆总管(CBD ) 石头。CBD 石头可以外科手术前地, intraoperatively 或手术后地被发现多重形式为包括实验室测试,超声,计算断层摄影术扫描(CT ) ,和磁性的回声 cholangiopancreatography (MRCP ) 为胆总管石病估计病人是可得到的。Intraoperative 胆管造影术能习惯性地或有选择地在胆囊炎期间被使用诊断 CBD 石头。为 CBD 石头的最普通的干预是 ERCP。另外的通常使用的干预包括 intraoperative 胆汁管探索,任何一个 laparoscopic 或 open。经皮, transhepatic 石头移动胆汁的清理的另外的新奇技术被设计了。与这些技术灵巧的设备和有技能的专业人员的可获得性在机构之中变化。预定干预被临床的状况经常支配。 | Marilee L Freitas Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，20： | 30 |
| 4 | Genotypes and viral variants in chronic hepatitis B: A review of epidemiology and clinical relevance显示文摘The Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) has a worldwide distribu-tion and is endemic in many populations. It is constantly evolving and 10 genotypic strains have been identified with varying prevalences in different geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations in the core gene and in the su-rface gene of the HBV have also been identified in untreated HBV populations. The genotypes and viral variants have been associated with certain clinical featu-res of HBV related liver disease and Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion, and more advanced liver disease. Genotype A is associated with a greater risk of progression to chronicity in adu-lt acqu-ired HBV infections. Genotype D is particu-larly associated with the precore mu-tation and HBe Ag negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB). The genotypes prevalent in parts of West Africa, Central and Sou-th America, E, F and H respectively, are less well stu-died. Viral variants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated with increased risk of fibrosis and cancer of the liver. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, evalu-ation of genotype and viral variants may provide u-sefu-l adju-nctive information in predicting risk abou-t liver related morbidity in patients with CHB. | Catherine MN Croagh Paul V Desmond Sally J Bell | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 24 |
| 5 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 6 | 可移动机器人的马尔可夫自定位算法研究显示文摘马尔可夫定位算法是利用机器人运动环境中的概率密度分布进行定位的方法 .使用该方法机器人可在完全不知道自己位置的情况下通过传感器数据和运动模型来估计自己的位置 .但是 ,在研究中发现它还存在一些问题 ,如概率减小到零后就无法恢复 .对只有距离传感器的机器人在对称的环境中仅仅采用该算法就无法确定位置 .为了解决这些问题 ,文中给出了修正算法 ,并建议在机器人上装上方向仪 (如指南针或陀螺仪等 ) ,然后利用定义的一个角度高斯分布函数来构造新的机器人感知模型 .在此基础上详细地阐述了一种新的自定位技术 .最后 ,采用仿真程序验证了机器人在对称环境中运动时这一新算法的可行性 . | 吴庆祥 Bell David | 2003 | 自动化学报2003，29，1： | 15 |
| 7 | Epstein-Barr virus and Burkitt lymphoma显示文摘In 1964,a new herpesvirus,Epstein-Barr virus(EBV),was discovered in cultured tumor cells derived from a Burkitt lymphoma(BL)biopsy taken from an African patient.This was a momentous event that reinvigorated research into viruses as a possible cause of human cancers.Subsequent studies demonstrated that EBV was a potent growth-transforming agent for primary B cells,and that all cases of BL carried characteristic chromosomal translocations resulting in constitutive activation of the c-MYC oncogene.These results hinted at simple oncogenic mechanisms that would make Burkitt lymphoma paradigmatic for cancers with viral etiology.In reality,the pathogenesis of this tumor is rather complicated with regard to both the contribution of the virus and the involvement of cellular oncogenes.Here,we review the current understanding of the roles of EBV and c-MYC in the pathogenesis of BL and the implications for new therapeutic strategies to treat this lymphoma. | Martin Rowe Leah Fitzsimmons Andrew I Bell | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2014，33，12： | 14 |
| 8 | 透视科学中的探究及工程与技术中的问题解决——以实践、跨学科概念、核心概念的视角显示文摘科学,工程、技术不仅渗透在现代生活的每个方面,而且它们对现在及未来社会中最紧迫的挑战起着关键性作用。 | Hubert Dyasi Derek Bell 刘润林 | 2017 | 中国科技教育2017，0，1： | 14 |
| 9 | Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs. | E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel Adam Spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 13 |
| 10 | 严重颅脑创伤患儿入院72h内开始营养支持与良好预后有关:二次分析一项治疗性低体温随机对照试验显示文摘目的了解严重颅脑损伤(severe traumatic brain injury,TBI)患儿营养支持开始时机与预后的关系。设计二次分析一项关于治疗性低体温的随机对照研究(Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Consortium: Hypothermia, also known as the Cool Kids Trial(NCT 00222742)。 | Meinert E Bell MJ Buttram S 方伯梁(译) 钱素云(校) | 2018 | 中国小儿急救医学2018，25，6： | 12 |
| 11 | 6 舌癌与其他部位口腔癌患者的生存率是否不同?显示文摘口腔鳞癌治疗技术的发展,使依照发病部位判断患者预后变得愈加闲惑。该文旨在回顾口腔鳞癌患者的治疗效果.并确定发病部位是否为患者生存率或无瘤生存率的预后因素。方法:对1993~2003年间233例手术切除的OSCC患者进行回顾性研究,将病例分为2组,舌癌73例,其他部位152例,应用Cox模型对2组的生存率进行比较。对切缘阳性、低分化、侵袭性和晚期患者术后辅助放疗或放化疗。对患者的人口统计学资料、发病部位、肿瘤分期、病理学特点、治疗方法及生存资料进行记录,并应用描述性及Kaplan—Meier曲线进行分析,以确定肿瘤局部控制率和患者无瘤生存率的预后因素。 | Bell RB Kademani D Homer L | 2007 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2007，5，2： | 11 |
| 12 | 唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者的处理及结果显示文摘先进的影像学技术、外束照射、中子束治疗及化疗已改变了人们对唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者的治疗策略。虽然对此类患者目前仍首选外科手术,但对最佳治疗方案仍未达成共识。该文介绍了作者应用手术、放疗、化疗治疗唾液腺恶性肿瘤的经验,并对治疗效果进行回顾,以期找到一个判断患者生存率及原发灶局部控制率的预后指标。对1992—2002年间在其医学院接受治疗的85例唾液腺恶性肿瘤患者行回顾性研究,对数据资料应用描述性统计法进行分析, | Bell RB Dierks E J Homer L | 2005 | 中国口腔颌面外科杂志2005，3，3： | 10 |
| 13 | Systematic review:Laparoscopic fundoplication for gastroesophageal reflux disease in partial responders to proton pump inhibitors显示文摘AIM:To assess laparoscopic fundoplication(LF)in partial responders to proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)for gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD).METHODS:We systematically searched PubMed and Embase(1966-Dec 2011)for articles reporting data on LF efficacy in partial responders.Due to a lack of randomized controlled trials,observational studies were included.Of 558 articles screened,17 were eligible for inclusion.Prevalence data for individual symptoms were collated across studies according to mutually compatible time points(before and/or after LF).Where suitable,prevalence data were presented as percentage of patients reporting symptoms of any frequency or severity.RESULTS:Due to a lack of standardized reporting of symptoms,the proportion of patients experiencing symptoms was recorded across studies where possible.After LF,the proportion of partial responders with heartburn was reduced from 93.1%(5 studies)to 3.8%(5 studies),with similar results observed for regurgitation[from 78.4%(4 studies)to 1.9%(4 studies)].However,10 years after LF,35.8%(2 studies)of partial responders reported heartburn and 29.1%(1 study)reported regurgitation.The proportion using acidsuppressive medication also increased,from 8.8%(4studies)in the year after LF to 18.2%(2 studies)at 10years.In the only study comparing partial responders to PPI therapy with complete responders,higher symptom scores and more frequent acid-suppressive medication use were seen in partial responders after LF.CONCLUSION:GERD symptoms improve after LF,but subsequently recur,and acid-suppressive medication use increases.LF may be less effective in partial responders than in complete responders. | Lars Lundell Martin Bell Magnus Ruth | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，3： | 10 |
| 14 | Recent advances in arsenic trioxide encapsulated nanoparticles as drug delivery agents to solid cancers显示文摘Since arsenic trioxide was first approved as the front line therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia 25 years ago,its anti-cancer properties for various malignancies have been under intense investigation.However,the clinical successes of arsenic trioxide in treating hematological cancers have not been translated to solid cancers.This is due to arsenic's rapid clearance by the body's immune system before reaching the tumor site.Several attempts have henceforth been made to increase its bioavailability toward solid cancers without increasing its dosage albeit without much success.This review summarizes the past and current utilization of arsenic trioxide in the medical field with primary focus on the implementation of nanotechnology for arsenic trioxide delivery to solid cancer cells.Different approaches that have been employed to increase arsenic's efficacy,specificity and bioavailability to solid cancer cells were evaluated and compared.The potential of combining different approaches or tailoring delivery vehicles to target specific types of solid cancers according to individual cancer characteristics and arsenic chemistry is proposed and discussed. | Anam Akhtar Scarlet Xiaoyan Wang Lucy Ghali Celia Bell Xuesong Wen | 2017 | The Journal of Biomedical Research2017，31，3： | 10 |
| 15 | Dietary and metabolomic determinants of relapse in ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot prospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify demographic, clinical, metabolomic, and lifestyle related predictors of relapse in adult ulcerative colitis(UC) patients.METHODS In this prospective pilot study, UC patients in clinical remission were recruited and followed-up at 12 mo to assess a clinical relapse, or not. At baseline information on demographic and clinical parameters was collected. Serum and urine samples were collected for analysis of metabolomic assays using a combined direct infusion/liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resolution spectroscopy. Stool samples were also collected to measure fecal calprotectin(FCP). Dietary assessment was performed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Twenty patients were included(mean age: 42.7 ± 14.8 years, females: 55%). Seven patients(35%) experienced a clinical relapse during the follow-up period. While 6 patients(66.7%) with normal body weight developed a clinical relapse, 1 UC patient(9.1%) who was overweight/obese relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). At baseline, poultry intake was significantly higher in patients who were still in remission during follow-up(0.9 oz vs 0.2 oz, P = 0.002). Five patients(71.4%) with FCP > 150 μg/g and 2 patients(15.4%) with normal FCP(≤ 150 μg/g) at baseline relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). Interestingly, baseline urinary and serum metabolomic profiling of UC patients with or without clinical relapse within 12 mo showed a significant difference. The most important metabolites that were responsible for this discrimination were trans-aconitate, cystine and acetamide in urine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone in serum. CONCLUSION A combination of baseline dietary intake, fecal calprotectin, and metabolomic factors are associated with risk of UC clinical relapse within 12 mo. | Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshtel iFloris F van den Brand Karen L Madsen Rupasri Mandal Rosica ValchevaKaren I Kroeker Beomsoo Han Rhonda C Bell Janis Cole Thomas Hoevers David S Wishart Richard N Fedorak Levinus A Dieleman | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，21： | 9 |
| 16 | 时间序列数据分析与预处理显示文摘时间序列分析中常常遇到的一个问题是如何有效地过滤噪音和约简数据 .本文通过修改传统的离散的傅立叶变换来过滤噪音和进行数据的约简 ,并尽可能保留原始时间序列的全局变化趋势 .为检验该方法的有效性 ,本文同时提出一个新颖的数据分类算法MCC ,并用该算法对股票回报率的变化进行预测 ,实验结果显示 ,用MCC算法在预处理后的数据上进行预测 ,其预测的命中率达到 6 3.6 8% ,而在原始数据上进行预测 ,其预测的命中率只有 4 8.98% .显然 ,通过对原始数据进行噪音过滤有效地改善了预测的精度 .另外 ,数据的约简也提高了预测算法的效率 . | 郭躬德 王晖 David Bell | 2003 | 小型微型计算机系统2003，24，12： | 9 |
| 17 | 欧洲血管外科学会指南:第二部分——颈动脉狭窄患者的诊断和检查显示文摘在此,我们呈献颈动脉狭窄患者脑血管事件二级预防的欧洲血管外科学会指南,包括降脂治疗、抗血小板治疗以及其他危险因素控制。这些推荐均基于现有的临床试验证据。对颈动脉病患者需要采取积极的预防性治疗。我们还讨论了颈动脉狭窄的诊断和分级。 | Christos D. Liapis Sir Peter F. Bell Dimitri P. Mikhailidis Juharli Sivenius Andrew Nicolaides Jose Femandes e Fernandes Giorgio Biasi Ears Norgrer 赵颖(译) 谭泽锋(译) 徐安定(译) | 2011 | 国际脑血管病杂志2011，19，7： | 9 |
| 18 | One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies without mortality:role of the multidisciplinary approach显示文摘BACKGROUND:Pancreatoduodenectomy offers the only chance of cure for patients with periampullary cancers.This,however,is a major undertaking in most patients and is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality.A multidisciplinary approach to the workup and follow-up of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy was initiated at our institution to improve the diagnosis,resection rate,mortality and morbidity.We undertook the study to assess the effect of this approach on diagnosis,resection rates and short-term outcomes such as morbidity and mortality.METHODS:A prospective database of patients presenting with periampullary cancers to a single surgeon between April 2004 and April 2010 was reviewed.All cases were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting comprising surgeons,gastroenterologists,radiologists,oncologists,radiation oncologists,pathologists and nursing staff.A standardized investigation and management algorithm was followed.Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.RESULTS:A total of 295 patients with a periampullary lesion were discussed and 178 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (resection rate 60%).Sixty-one patients (34%) required either a vascular or an additional organ resection.Eighty-nine patients experienced complications,of which the commonest was blood transfusion (12%).Thirty-four patients (19%) had major complications,i.e.grade 3 or above.There was no in-hospital,30-day or 60-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Pancreatoduodenectomy can safely be performed in high-volume centers with very low mortality.The surgeon's role should be careful patient selection,intensive preoperative investigations,use of a team approach,and an unbiased discussion at a multidisciplinary meeting to optimize the outcome in these patients. | Jaswinder S Samra Raul Alvarado Bachmann Julian Choi Anthony Gill Michael Neale Vikram Puttaswamy Cameron Bell Ian Norton Sarah Cho Steven Blome Ritchie Maher Sivakumar Gananadha Thomas J Hugh | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，4： | 8 |
| 19 | Evolution of surgical skills training显示文摘外科的训练正在变化:100 年传统被法律、道德的担心为耐心的安全,工作小时限制,手术室时间的费用,和复杂并发症正在质问。训练的外科的模拟和技巧提供一个机会在在生活病人上尝试他们前在手术室环境外面教并且练习先进技巧。当使用真实仪器和录像设备操作在一个盒子训练员模仿了“织物”,模拟训练能向前是同样直的。更先进的、虚拟现实模拟器现在为普遍使用可得到、准备好了。早系统表明了他们的有效性和歧视的能力。更新的系统启用全面课程和完整的程序的模拟的开发。医药教育是的毕业生的认证委员会(ACGME ) 要求了训练和评估的新奇方法的发展。外科的组织正在打电话让方法保证技巧的维护,并且,进展 surgical 训练信任外科医生作为技术上能干。在他们的当前的形式的模拟器被表明了改进外科的居民的手术室表演。训练课程标准化的开发仍然是一个迫切、重要的议程,特别地为最小的侵略外科。一条创新、进步的途径,从航空的域借经验,能为外科的训练的下一个世纪提供基础,保证产品的质量。当技术发展,我们练习的方法将继续演变,到医生和病人的利益。 | Kurt E Roberts Robert L Bell Andrew J Duffy | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，20： | 8 |
| 20 | Hepatitis B surface antigen levels during the natural history of chronic hepatitis B: A perspective on Asia显示文摘 | Tin Nguyen Alexander J.V. Thompson Scott Bowden Catherine Croagh Sally Bell Paul V. Desmond Miriam Levy Stephen A. Locarnini | 2010 | Journal of Hepatology2010，，4： | 7 |
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