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| 1 | 语言的掌握(上)显示文摘当一个成年人跟一群用他不熟悉的外国语讲话的人相处时,会觉得很不方便。这种陌生的语言听起来莫明其妙,就象一串串神秘莫测的声音,调子忽高忽低,其格式无法确定。每个操这种语言的人都知道什么时候开口说话,怎样构成一串串话,又怎样去理解别人说出的一串串话,但对这种语言一窍不通的人却分辨不出单个的词或语音,更不用说理解意思了。这位成年人也许会感到不知所措、愚昧无知,甚至是像个小孩。 | Breyne Arlene Moskowitz 李平 | 1981 | 当代语言学1981，，2： | 11 |
| 2 | Alternate Wetting and Drying of Rice Reduced CH4 Emissions but Triggered N2O Peaks in a Clayey Soil of Central Italy显示文摘Reducing CH_4 and N_2O emissions from rice cropping systems while sustaining production levels with less water requires a better understanding of the key processes involved. Alternate wetting and drying(AWD) irrigation is one promising practice that has been shown to reduce CH_4 emissions. However, little is known about the impact of this practice on N_2O emissions, in particular under Mediterranean climate. To close this knowledge gap, we assessed how AWD influenced grain yield, fluxes and annual budgets of CH_4 and N_2O emissions, and global warming potential(GWP) in Italian rice systems over a 2-year period. Overall, a larger GWP was observed under AWD, as a result of high N_2O emissions which offset reductions in CH_4 emissions. In the first year, with 70% water reduction, the yields were reduced by 33%, CH_4 emissions decreased by 97%, while N_2O emissions increased by more than 5-fold under AWD as compared to PF; in the second year, with a 40% water saving, the reductions of rice yields and CH_4 emissions(13% and11%, respectively) were not significant, but N_2O fluxes more than doubled. The transition from anaerobic to aerobic soil conditions resulted in the highest N_2O fluxes under AWD. The duration of flooding, transition to aerobic conditions, water level above the soil surface, and the relative timing between fertilization and flooding were the main drivers affecting greenhouse gas mitigation potential under AWD and should be carefully planned through site-specific management options. | Alessandra LAGOMARSINO Alessandro Elio AGNELLI Bruce LINQUIST Maria Arlene ADVIENTO-BORBE Alberto AGNELLI Giacomo GAVINA Stefano RAVAGLIA Rossana Monica FERRARA | 2016 | Pedosphere2016，26，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Photodynamic therapy vs radiofrequency ablation for Barrett's dysplasia: Efficacy,safety and cost-comparison显示文摘AIM:To compare effectiveness,safety,and cost of photodynamic therapy(PDT)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA)in treatment of Barrett’s dysplasia(BD).METHODS:Consecutive case series of patients undergoing either PDT or RFA treatment at single center by a single investigator were compared.Thirty-three patients with high-grade dysplasia(HGD)had treatment with porfimer sodium photosensitzer and 630 nm laser(130 J/cm),with maximum of 3 treatment sessions.Fifty-three patients with BD(47 with low-grade dysplasia-LGD,6 with HGD)had step-wise circumferential and focal ablation using the HALO system with maximum of 4 treatment sessions.Both groups received proton pump inhibitors twice daily.Endoscopic biopsies were acquired at 2 and 12 mo after enrollment,with 4-quadrant biopsies every 1 cm of the original BE extent.A complete histological resolution response of BD(CR-D)was defined as all biopsies at the last endoscopy session negative for BD.Fisher’s exact test was used to assess differences between the two study groups for primary outcomes.For all outcomes,a two-sided P value of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS:Thirty(91%)PDT patients and 39(74%)RFA were men(P=0.05).The mean age was 70.7±12.2 and 65.4±12.7(P=0.10)year and mean length of BE was 5.4±3.2 cm and 5.7±3.2 cm(P=0.53)for PDT and RFA patients,respectively.The CR-D was(18/33)54.5%with PDT vs(47/53)88.7%with RFA(P=0.001).One patient with PDT had an esophageal perforation and was managed with non-surgical measures and no perforation was seen with RFA.PDT was five times more costly than RFA at our institution.The two groups were not randomized and had different BD grading are the limitations of the study.CONCLUSION:In our experience,RFA had higher rate of CR-D without any serious adverse events and was less costly than PDT for endoscopic treatment of BD. | Atilla Ertan Irum Zaheer Arlene M Correa Nirav Thosani Shanda H Blackmon | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，41： | 7 |
| 4 | 父母物质滥用和精神疾病对青少年精神疾病的影响显示文摘 | 赵敏 Arlene Frank Gayle Dakof Howard Liddle | 2004 | 中国药物依赖性杂志2004，13，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Flammability standards for furniture,building insulation and electronics:Benefit and risk显示文摘Flammability standards for furniture,building insulation and electronics were established in an attempt to mitigate fire risk.However,research suggests that some of these flammability standards should be reconsidered.High levels of flame retardant chemicals,primarily organohalogens,are added to these products in order to comply with fire safety standards.Organohalogen and organophosphate flame retardants are associated with adverse health effects such as diminished immune function,endocrine disruption,and cancer.Further,flame retardants may not provide a significant fire safety benefit as used in many products,and these chemicals can hinder material recycling.We reviewed evidence of how flammability standards drive the continued use of harmful flame retardants and investigated cases in which flame retardants are used to achieve standard compliance without providing a significant fire safety benefit.The widespread continuous use of toxic flame retardant chemicals demonstrates that toxicological evidence and chemical-by-chemical regulation alone are not sufficient to prevent their inclusion in consumer products.However,recent experiences show that updated flammability standards can reduce the use of flame retardants while maintaining,or even increasing,fire safety.Additional opportunities exist for improved standards that could further decrease flame retardant use and maintain fire safety. | Joseph A.Charbonnet Roland Weber Arlene Blum | 2020 | Emerging Contaminants2020，6，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Use of Continuous Insulin Infusion Pumps in Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review显示文摘 | Jeanne N. Churchill Rebekah L. Ruppe Arlene Smaldone | 2009 | Journal of Pediatric Health Care2009，，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Response of glutamine synthetase isoforms to nitrogen sources in rice ( Oryza sativa L.) roots显示文摘 | Chufu Zhang Shaobing Peng Xinxiang Peng Arlene Q. Chavez John Bennett | 1997 | Plant Science1997，，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas显示文摘 | Kim L.Wang Tsung‐TehWu In SeonChoi HuaminWang ErikaResetkova Arlene M.Correa Wayne L.Hofstetter Stephen G.Swisher Jaffer A.Ajani AsifRashid Constance T.Albarracin | 2007 | Cancer2007，，4： | 2 |
| 9 | The PD‐1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity显示文摘 | Loise M.Francisco Peter T.Sage Arlene H.Sharpe | 2010 | Immunological Reviews2010，，1： | 2 |
| 10 | 语言的掌握(下)显示文摘双词句阶段双词句阶段是小孩用许多二分的语义一句法关系进行试验的时期,比如用所有者一所有物(Mammy sock[妈妈的袜子])、动作者一动作(Cat sleeping[猫在睡觉])和动作一受事(Drinksoup[喝汤])。当双词句最初出现在 Brenda 的话中时,基本上都是下面这些形式:主语名词+动词(如 Monster go[丑八怪走开])、动词+宾语(如 Read it[读这个])。 | Breyne Arlene Moskowitz 李平 | 1981 | 当代语言学1981，，3： | 2 |
| 11 | PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY—AN UPDATE ON CLINICAL APPLICATIONS显示文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has received increased attention since the regulatory approvals of several photosensitizers and light applicators in numerous countries and regions around the world.In recent years,much progress has been seen in basic research as well as clinical application.PDT clinical application has now extended from treating malignant diseases to nonmalignant diseases.This review article will present recent clinical data published in English journals.The data will be organized according to their clinical specialties.The new development and future direction in clinical applications of PDT for the management of both malignant and nonmalignant diseases will be discussed. | ZHENG HUANG LIBO LI HONGWEI WANG XIULI WANG KAIHUA YUAN ARLEN MEYERS LIHAO YANG FRED W.HETZEL | 2009 | Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences2009，2，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Toll-like receptor-4 signaling and Kupffer cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘 | Chantal A. Rivera Patrick Adegboyega Nico van Rooijen Arlene Tagalicud Monique Allman Matthew Wallace | 2007 | Journal of Hepatology2007，，4： | 2 |
| 13 | Prognostic significance of differentially expressed miRNAs in esophageal cancer显示文摘 | YuxinHu Arlene M.Correa AshrafulHoque BaoxiangGuan FeiYe JieHuang Stephen G.Swisher Tsung TehWu Jaffer A.Ajani Xiao‐ChunXu | 2010 | Int J Cancer2010，，1： | 2 |
| 14 | A randomized phase Ⅱ study of concurrent docetaxel plus vaccine versus vaccine alone in metastatic androgen-independent prostate cancer显示文摘 | Arlen PM Gulley JL Parker C | 2006 | Clin Cancer Res2006，12，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Clinical Efficacy of Oral Linezolid Compared With Intravenous Vancomycin for the Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus –Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: A Retrospective, Propensity Score–Matched, Case-Control Analysis显示文摘 | Kamal M.F. Itani Pinaki Biswas Arlene Reisman Helen Bhattacharyya Alice M. Baruch | 2012 | Clinical Therapeutics2012，，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Validation of the Pediatric Rome II Criteria for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Using the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms显示文摘 | Arlene Caplan Lynn Walker Andrée Rasquin | 2005 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2005，，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana with Agrobacterium tumefaciens 显示文摘 | Alan M Lloyd Arlene R Barnason Stephen O Rog- ers | 1986 | Science1986，234，： | 1 |
| 18 | The Surprising Truth about Faculty Perception and Use of Collection Development Opportunities: One Libraw's Case Study 显示文摘 | Madeleine Bombeld Arlene Hanerfeld | 2004 | Against the Grain2004，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Development and Preliminary Validation of the Questionnaire on Pediatric Gastrointestinal Symptoms to Assess Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children and Adolescents显示文摘 | Arlene Caplan Lynn Walker Andrée Rasquin | 2005 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2005，，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Preservation of steatotic livers: A comparison between cold storage and machine perfusion preservation显示文摘 | Maud Bessems Benedict M. Doorschodt Joe L.P. Kolkert Reeta L. Vetelainen Arlene K. van Vliet Heleen Vreeling Jan van Marle Thomas M. van Gulik | 2007 | Liver Transpl2007，，4： | 1 |
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