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| 1 | Systematic review and meta-analysis of Saccharomyces boulardii in adult patients显示文摘This article reviews the evidence for efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii(S.boulardii) for various disease indications in adults based on the peerreviewed,randomized clinical trials and pre-clinical studies from the published medical literature(Medline,Clinical Trial websites and meeting abstracts) between 1976 and 2009.For meta-analysis,only randomized,blinded controlled trials unrestricted by language were included.Pre-clinical studies,volunteer studies and uncontrolled studies were excluded from the review of efficacy and meta-analysis,but included in the systematic review.Of 31 randomized,placebo-controlled treatment arms in 27 trials(encompassing 5029 study patients),S.boulardii was found to be significantly efficacious and safe in 84% of those treatment arms.A meta-analysis found a significant therapeutic efficacy for S.boulardii in the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea(AAD)(RR = 0.47,95% CI:0.35-0.63,P < 0.001).In adults,S.boulardii can be strongly recommended for the prevention of AAD and the traveler's diarrhea.Randomized trials also support the use of this yeast probiotic for prevention of enteral nutrition-related diarrhea and reduction of Heliobacter pylori treatment-related symptoms.S.boulardii shows promise for the prevention of C.difficile disease recurrences;treatment of irritable bowel syndrome,acute adult diarrhea,Crohn's disease,giardiasis,human immunodeficiency virus-related diarrhea;but more supporting evidence is recommended for these indications.The use of S.boulardii as a therapeutic probiotic is evidence-based for both efficacy and safety for several types of diarrhea. | Lynne V McFarland | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，18： | 63 |
| 2 | Comparison of pediatric and adult antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections显示文摘Antibiotic-associated diarrhea(AAD) and Clostridum difficile infections(CDI) have been well studied for adult cases, but not as well in the pediatric population. Whether the disease process or response to treatments differs between pediatric and adult patients is an important clinical concern when following global guidelines based largely on adult patients. A systematic review of the literature using databases Pub Med(June 3, 1978-2015) was conducted to compare AAD and CDI in pediatric and adult populations and determine significant differences and similarities that might impact clinical decisions. In general, pediatric AAD and CDI have a more rapid onset of symptoms, a shorter duration of disease and fewer CDI complications(required surgeries and extended hospitalizations) than in adults. Children experience more community-associated CDI and are associated with smaller outbreaks than adult cases of CDI. The ribotype NAP1/027/BI is more common in adults than children. Children and adults share some similar risk factors, but adults have more complex risk factor profiles associated with more co-morbidities, types of disruptive factors and a wider range of exposures to C. difficile in the healthcare environment. The treatment of pediatric and adult AAD is similar(discontinuing or switching the inciting antibiotic), but other treatment strategies for AAD have not been established. Pediatric CDI responds better to metronidazole, while adult CDI responds better to vancomycin. Recurrent CDI is not commonly reported for children. Prevention for both pediatric and adult AAD and CDI relies upon integrated infection control programs, antibiotic stewardship and may include the use of adjunctive probiotics. Clinical presentation of pediatric AAD and CDI are different than adult AAD and CDI symptoms. These differences should be taken into account when rating severity of disease and prescribing antibiotics. | Lynne Vernice Mc Farland Metehan Ozen Ener Cagri Dinleyici Shan Goh | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，11： | 39 |
| 3 | 济南市机构养老服务的定性研究:老年护理人员现状显示文摘分析机构养老服务利益相关者对济南市养老机构老年护理人员队伍现状的认识。方法:采用焦点小组访谈的方法,分别对政府官员、养老机构管理人员、养老机构工作人员,入住养老机构的老年人以及社区老年人进行访谈。结果:养老机构中的老年护理人员多为下岗或农村务工人员,普遍缺少专业教育背景,养老机构对老年护理人员的培训还处于'以师带徒'的阶段。人员管理存在诸多困难和问题。结论:养老机构老年护理人员队伍层次较低,职业化和专业化教育滞后,人员管理需进一步加强。 | 吴敏 李士雪 Ning Jackie Zhang 朱嫒嫒 宁博 Thomas Wan Lynn Unruh | 2010 | 中国卫生事业管理2010，27，11： | 32 |
| 4 | Regulation of Arabidopsis Early Anther Development by the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, MPK3 and MPK6, and the ERECTA and Related Receptor-Like Kinases显示文摘激活 Mitogen 的蛋白质 kinase (MAPK ) 和表明小径的像受体的 kinase (LRR-RLK ) 被显示出调整植物生长和开发的多样的方面的充满白氨酸的重复。在 Arabidopsis,合适的花药开发依靠细胞间的通讯协调房间增长和区别。二密切相关的基因编码 MAPK, MPK3 和 MPK6,在调整有气孔的 patterning 冗余地工作。尽管 mpk6 异种减少了富饶,在花药开发的 MPK3 和 MPK6 的函数没被描绘。同样, ERECTA (嗯) , ERECTA-LIKE1 (ERL1 ) 和 ERL2 基因编码 LRR-RLKs 一起工作指导有气孔的房间命运说明和 er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 三元组异种是无菌的。因为 mpk3 mpk6 两倍空异种是胚胎致命,花药开发在可行 mpk3/+mpk6/ 和 er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 异种被描绘。我们发现两个变异的花药通常没能形成四片花药脑叶中的至少一个,与展出 mpk3/+mpk6/ 异种的比那些的更严重的显型的 er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 三元组异种。区分的变异的脑叶的体的房间层显得更大,更多比的瓦解了野类型。另外, er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 三元组异种有雄蕊,其多数拥有完全无差别或下面区分的花药的一个减少的数字。有时,而且, mpk3/+mpk6/ 异种花药不张口,并且 er-105 erl1-2 erl2-1 花药没被观察张口。因此,我们的结果显示 ER/ERL1/ERL2 和 MPK3/MPK6 在正常花药脑叶形成和花药房间区别起重要作用。在在另外的发展过程的这些基因和异种的二种类型的发展显型报导了的花药的类似之间的近功能的关系进一步这里建议这些基因可能也在一样的小径工作调整花药房间分割和区别的可能性。 | Carey L.H. Hord Yu-Jin Sun Lynn J. Pillitteri Keiko U. Torii Huachun Wang Shuqun Zhang Hong Ma | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，4： | 29 |
| 5 | Effectiveness of exercise in hepatic fat mobilization in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate the efficacy of exercise interventions on hepatic fat mobilization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) patients.METHODS: Ovid-Medline, Pub Med, EMBASE and Cochrane database were searched for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies in adults aged ≥ 18 which investigated the effects of at least 8 wk of exercise only or combination with diet on NAFLD from 2010 to 2016. The search terms used to identify articles, in which exercise was clearly described by type, duration, intensity and frequency were: 'NASH', 'NAFLD', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis', 'non-alcoholic fatty liver disease', 'fat', 'steatosis', 'diet', 'exercise', 'MR spectroscopy' and 'liver biopsy'. NAFLD diagnosis, as well as the outcome measures, was confirmed by either hydrogen-magnetic resonance spectroscopy(H-MRS) or biopsy. Trials that included dietary interventions along with exercise were accepted if they met all criteria. RESULTS: Eight studies met selection criteria(6 with exercise only, 2 with diet and exercise with a total of 433 adult participants). Training interventions ranged between 8 and 48 wk in duration with a prescribed exercise frequency of 3 to 7 d per week, at intensities between 45% and 75% of VO2 peak. The most commonly used imaging modality was H-MRS and one study utilized biopsy. The effect of intervention on fat mobilization was 30.2% in the exercise only group and 49.8% in diet and exercise group. There was no difference between aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, although only one study compared thetwo interventions. The beneficial effects of exercise on intrahepatic triglyceride(IHTG) were seen even in the absence of significant weight loss. Although combining an exercise program with dietary interventions augmented the reduction in IHTG, as well as improved measures of glucose control and/or insulin sensitivity, exercise only significantly decreased hepatic lipid contents.CONCLUSION: Prescribed exercise in subjects with NAFLD reduces IHTG independent of dietary intervention. Diet and exercise was more effective than exercise alone in reducing IHTG. | Pegah Golabi Cameron T Locklear Patrick Austin Sophie Afdhal Melinda Byrns Lynn Gerber Zobair M Younossi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，27： | 30 |
| 6 | Electro-acupuncture to prevent prolonged postoperative ileus:A randomized clinical trial显示文摘AIM:To examine whether acupuncture can prevent prolonged postoperative ileus(PPOI)after intraperitoneal surgery for colon cancer. METHODS:Ninety patients were recruited from the Fudan University Cancer Hospital,Shanghai,China. After surgery,patients were randomized to receive acupuncture(once daily,starting on postoperative day 1, for up to six consecutive days)or usual care.PPOI was defined as an inability to pass flatus or have a bowel movement by 96 h after surgery.The main outcomes were time to first flatus,time to first bowel movement, and electrogastroenterography.Secondary outcomes were quality of life(QOL)measures,including pain, nausea,insomnia,abdominal distension/fullness,and sense of well-being. RESULTS:No significant differences in PPOI on day 4 (P=0.71)or QOL measures were found between the groups.There were also no group differences when the data were analyzed by examining those whose PPOI had resolved by day 5(P=0.69)or day 6(P= 0.88).No adverse events related to acupuncture were reported. CONCLUSION:Acupuncture did not prevent PPOI andwas not useful for treating PPOI once it had developed in this population. | M Kay Garcia Joseph S Chiang Bob Thornton J Lynn Palmer Jennifer McQuade Lorenzo Cohen | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，1： | 27 |
| 7 | Meta-analysis of probiotics for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic condition affecting 3%-25% of the general population. As no curative treatment is available, therapy is aimed at reducing symptoms, often with little success. Because alteration of the normal intestinal microflora has been observed in IBS, probiotics (beneficial microbes taken to improve health) may be useful in reducing symptoms. This paper systematically reviews randomized, controlled, blinded trials of probiotics for the treatment of IBS and synthesizes data on efficacy across trials of adequate quality. PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, NIH registry of clinical trials, metaRegister, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from 1982-2007. We also conducted secondary searches of reference lists, reviews, commentaries, relevant articles on associated diseases, books and meeting abstracts. Twenty trials with 23 probiotic treatment arms and a total of 1404 subjects met inclusion criteria. Probiotic use was associated with improvement in global IBS symptoms compared to placebo [pooled relative risk (RRpooled) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.62-0.94]. Probiotics were also associated with less abdominal pain compared to placebo [RRpooled = 0.78 (0.69-0.88)]. Too few studies reported data on other IBS symptoms or on specific probiotic strains to allowestimation of a pooled RR. While our analyses suggest that probiotic use may be associated with improvement in IBS symptoms compared to placebo, these results should be interpreted with caution, given the methodological limitations of contributing studies. Probiotics warrant further study as a potential therapy for IBS. | Lynne V McFarland Sascha Dublin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 27 |
| 8 | 独居老年人生活及精神健康状况调查显示文摘目的分析山东省济南市独居老年人生活现状及精神健康状况。方法采用调查问卷收集160名独居老人和911名非独居老人的生活现状及精神健康状况等,应用2χ检验和秩和检验进行统计分析。结果独居老人中女性99人,占61.88%,男性61人,占38.12%,平均年龄为74.45岁,文化程度小学及以下105人,占65.62%;城乡独居老人的平均月收入分别为1 816.40和274.46元,非独居老人分别为1 911.37和372.59元;城乡独居老人中从不与亲戚、朋友交往的比例分别为20.93%和25.68%;从不参加体育活动的比例为60.47%和94.59%;独居老年人的精神健康得分为45.21分,低于非独居老年人的46.81分。结论与非独居老人相比较,独居老年人尤其是农村独居老人的生活状况较差,精神健康水平较低,需进一步改善。 | 吴敏 李士雪 Ning Jackie Zhang 朱媛媛 宁博 Thomas Wan Lynn Unruh | 2011 | 中国公共卫生2011，27，7： | 24 |
| 9 | 美国国家体育课程标准的历史流变与特点分析显示文摘课程标准是引领学校教育发展的纲领性文件,美国在课程标准的可持续发展方面一直走在世界前列。本研究采用文献资料法、比较研究法和逻辑分析法,对美国近二十年来三个不同版本(1995年版、2004年版和2013年版)国家体育课程标准进行了分析。结果表明,大规模的教育变革、解除学校体育危机的需求、对'什么是受过良好体育教育个体'问题的探索引导了美国国家课程标准的流变,具体体现在课程标准框架、课程标准的具体内容和课程标准的评价三个方面,表现出越来越关注对'完整的人'的培养、语言表述更加简洁清晰、可操作性逐步提升、更加强调研究成果的渗透等特点。这种流变对于我国《体育与健康课程标准》的不断修订与完善,促进体育与健康课程的可持续发展具有较强的启发意义。 | 汪晓赞 尹志华 Lynn Dale Housner 黄景旸 季浏 | 2015 | 成都体育学院学报2015，41，2： | 24 |
| 10 | 3种不同焦油卷烟烟气的细胞毒性比较显示文摘采用中性红法测定了K2R4F参比卷烟和15、8和3mg/支焦油市售国产混合型卷烟烟气的细胞毒性。即卷烟主流烟气经洁净空气稀释后直接导入BALB/c3T3细胞培养瓶中染毒,而后采用中性红法测定细胞毒性,并计算出基于烟气总粒相物的相对细胞死亡率和LC50。结果表明:4种卷烟的细胞毒性依次为15mg/支焦油卷烟>>8mg/支焦油卷烟≈K2R4F>3mg/支焦油卷烟,与这3种国产卷烟样品烟气气相自由基、烟草特有N-亚硝胺和稠环芳烃的降低一致。说明卷烟减害降焦,可以降低其烟气的细胞毒性,降低吸烟对健康的危害。 | 卢斌斌 Ryan Meng Lynne Wisse 焦延福 | 2007 | 烟草科技2007，40，12： | 17 |
| 11 | Impact of meteorological factors on the incidence of childhood hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)analyzed by DLNMs-based time series approach显示文摘Background:Hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)has become an emerging infectious disease in China in the last decade.There has been evidence that meteorological factors can influence the HFMD incidence,and understanding the mechanisms can help prevent and control HFMD.Methods:HFMD incidence data and meteorological data in Minhang District,Shanghai were obtained for the period between 2009 and 2015.Distributed lag non-linear models(DLNMs)were utilized to investigate the impact of meteorological factors on HFMD incidence after adjusting for potential confounders of long time trend,weekdays and holidays.Results:There was a non-linear relationship between temperature and HFMD incidence,the RR of 5th percentile compared to the median is 0.836(95%CI:0.671-1.042)and the RR of 95th percentile is 2.225(95%CI:1.774-2.792),and the effect of temperature varied across age groups.HFMD incidence increased with increasing average relative humidity(%)(RR=1.009,95%CI:1.005-1.015)and wind speed(m/s)(RR=1.197,95%CI:1.118-1.282),and with decreasing daily rainfall(mm)(RR=0.992,95%CI:0.987-0.997)and sunshine hours(h)(RR=0.966,95%CI:0.951-0.980).Conclusions:There were significant relationships between meteorological factors and childhood HFMD incidence in Minhang District,Shanghai.This information can help local health agencies develop strategies for the control and prevention of HFMD under specific climatic conditions. | Hongchao Qi Yue Chen Dongli Xu Hualin Su Longwen Zhan Zhiyin Xu Ying Huang Qianshan He Yi Hu Henry Lynn Zhijie Zhang | 2018 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2018，7，1： | 17 |
| 12 | 危险度评价最新进展显示文摘在过去的几十年里 ,人们开发了许多新的方法来改进化学品危险度评价中的剂量 反应关系的评定 :如采用定义较为完善的有效作用剂量来替代无可见有害作用水平(NOAEL) ,以及改进了的不确定 /安全系数的评定方法。本文将介绍目前国际上使用较为广泛的几种评定方法 :①采用剂量 反应关系数学模拟的方法来估计有效剂量以取代NOAEL作为安全剂量的出发起点值的剂量 反应关系的评定方法 ,包括 :“基准剂量法”和“分类回归法” ;②使用种系内和种系间毒代动力学和毒效动力学的资料来选择不确定系数的“基于数据的不确定系数法” ;③用于估计不确定系数的可信区间 ,以及计算安全剂量值的可信区间的“概率参考剂量法”。 | 赵启宇 阚海东 Lynne HABER 陈秉衡 Michael DOURSON | 2004 | 中国药理学与毒理学杂志2004，18，2： | 15 |
| 13 | The calcium sensing receptor: from calcium sensing to signaling显示文摘The Ca2+-sensing receptor(the Ca SR),a G-protein-coupled receptor,regulates Ca2+ homeostasis in the body by monitoring extracellular levels of Ca2+([Ca2+]o) and responding to a diverse array of stimuli.Mutations in the Ca2+-sensing receptor result in hypercalcemic or hypocalcemic disorders,such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia,neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism,and autosomal dominant hypocalcemic hypercalciuria.Compelling evidence suggests that the Ca SR plays multiple roles extending well beyond not only regulating the level of extracellular Ca2+ in the human body,but also controlling a diverse range of biological processes.In this review,we focus on the structural biology of the Ca SR,the ligand interaction sites as well as their relevance to the disease associated mutations.This systematic summary will provide a comprehensive exploration of how the Ca SR integrates extracellular Ca2+ into intracellular Ca2+ signaling. | ZHANG Chen MILLER Cassandra Lynn BROWN Edward M YANG Jenny J. | 2015 | Science China(Life Sciences)2015，58，1： | 14 |
| 14 | SPARK,与健康有关的体育课程显示文摘现如今,肥胖已经发展成为美国新一代的流行性疾病。为了应对这一危机,与健康有关的体育课程(以下简称健康体育课程)应运而生(McCullick,2007),其中发展得最好的可以说是SPARK课程(sport,Play,and Active Recreation for Kids,即儿童运动,游戏和娱乐活动)。SPARK课程最初是为“防止儿童的身体活动和体能发展水平降低”这一社会需求而设计的课程(McKenzie,2009 pp115)。1989年,圣地亚哥州立大学的一个研究团队获得美国国立卫生研究院一项为期7年、拥有数百万元拨款的研究项目,旨在设计、实施和评价小学健康体育课程的有效性。 | Lynn Dale Housner 茅菲璐(翻译) | 2009 | 体育教学2009，29，8： | 14 |
| 15 | 济南市≥65岁老人身体健康状况及影响因素分析显示文摘目的了解山东省济南市老年人身体健康状况并比较城乡区别。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取样本,采用问卷调查方法,对济南市1 071名≥65岁老年人进行了入户调查,并拟合广义线性模型进行统计分析。结果 1 071人中,自评身体健康状况很好者143人,占13.40%;自评一般者729人,占68.10%;自评较差者198人,占18.50%;与同龄人比较,自评身体健康状况很好者106人,占9.90%;自评较好者313人,占29.20%;自评一般者522人,占48.70%;自评较差者128人,占12.00%;城市好于农村,差异有统计学意义(u=-4.544,P=0.000);患有慢性病老年人675人,患病率为63.02%,城市老年人慢性病患病率高于农村,差异有统计学意义(u=134.65,P=0.000);常见慢性病患病率前6位为高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、颈椎病、脑血管疾病。结论济南市老年人群健康状况不容乐观,年龄、对所居住社区(村)评价、精神/心理得分、居住地和个人平均月收入对身体健康状况的影响具有统计学意义。 | 朱嫒嫒 李士雪 吴敏 Ning Jackie Zhang 宁博 Thomas Wan Lynn Unruh | 2011 | 中国公共卫生2011，27，4： | 13 |
| 16 | Editorial statement显示文摘In the following eight articles we have provided an overview of the current research and epidemiology of two leading chronic gastrointestinal conditions that affect populations across the globe. The challenges of accurately diagnosing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are covered and the pathophysiology of constipation is thoroughly explored. | Lynne V McFarland | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 12 |
| 17 | 卒中一级预防指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南美国神经病学学会肯定本指南作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值显示文摘背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述,以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(American HeartAssociation,AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾的方法(涵盖时间为2006年上一次回顾发表到2009年4月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有证据,并指出现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出推荐。写作组全体成员均有机会对推荐进行评论并审核这份声明的最终文本。在AHA科学咨询和协调委员会考察和批准之前,本指南已南卒中委员会领导层和AIIA科学声明督察委员会进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒巾风险的流程图进行了评价。根据干预的町能性(不可于预、可于预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别、低出生体质量、人种/种族和遗传倾向。证据充分的叮干预危险因素包括高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、体力活动过少以及肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行了回顾。结论多方面的证据可用于确定能增高首次卒中风险的多种具体因素并提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschia Wesley S. Moore J.V. (Ian) Nixon Thomas A. Pearson 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 陈孝东(译) 卢涛声(译) 石际俊(译) 曹勇军(译) 徐兴顺(译) | 2010 | 国际脑血管病杂志2010，18，12： | 12 |
| 18 | 主要人参皂甙的分布和比例及人参产品的质量控制显示文摘采用反相高效液相色谱法,对150多种西洋参、人参及三七的根、叶及其产品进行了分析。以8种主要的人参皂甙Rg,Re,Rf,Rb1,Rc,Rb2,Rg2和Rd作为对照品,来评价人参及其产品的质量,这8种人参皂甙的分布及其比例在对人参及其商品的定性、定量分析方面具有显著的意义。本文首次提出了单体皂甙的含量比率这一有价值的数据在人参品种及不同用药部位鉴定方面的有效性。 | Ma Yuanchun Luo Mai Lynn Malley Monique Doucet(Celex Laboratories Inc., Atholville Industrial Park, 77 Comeau St.,P. O. Box 428,Atholville,New Brunswick CANADA EOK 1A0) | 1996 | 中国药物化学杂志1996，6，1： | 12 |
| 19 | 代谢综合征对症状性脑内动脉狭窄预后的影响显示文摘Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors linked to insulin resistance that increase an individual’s risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease. The authors evaluated the prevalence and prognosis of the MetS among individuals with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis. Methods: Patients enrolled in the Warfarin-Aspirin Symptomatic Intracranial Disease trial were evaluated in this post-hoc analysis. Baseline characteristics and outcome were compared in patients with the MetS vs patients without the MetS. Results: Among 476 patients, the prevalence of the MetS was 43%. MetS patients were more likely to be younger, female, and white. During a mean follow-up period of 1.8 years, time to the first of ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death was shorter among patients with the MetS with a hazard ratio (syndrome/no syndrome) of 1.6 (95%CI = 1.1 to 2.4, p = 0.0097). Time to ischemic stroke alone was also shorter among patients with the MetS with a hazard ratio (syndrome/no syndrome) of 1.7 (95%CI = 1.1 to 2.6, p = 0.012). When controlling for individual factors of the definition, MetS was not significant (combined outcome: p = 0.14; ischemic stroke: p = 0.074). Conclusions: The metabolic syndrome is present in about half of individuals with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease and is associated with a substantially higher risk of major vascular events. The metabolic syndrome may not provide additional ability to predict outcomes beyond the individual factors for patients with intracranial stenosis. | Ovbiagele B. Saver J. L. Lynn M. J. Chimowitz M. 邱伟庆(译) | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册)2006，2，9： | 12 |
| 20 | 契约学习法在体育教学中应用的准实验研究——以上海市第一中学为例显示文摘本研究采用实验法在高中体育教学和课外锻炼中实施契约学习法,验证此法对改善学生体质健康状况、运动技能学习、体育锻炼习惯养成等方面的效果。研究结果表明,高中生采用契约学习的效果均明显好于非契约学习,其中自我契约学习对男生的效果更好,女生则更适合多人契约的方式进行体育学习与锻炼;契约式体育学习有助于高中学生改善身体形态,控制其体重的增长,降低肥胖的发生几率,促进其身体良好发育;契约式体育学习还能有效地帮助高中生学习与掌握运动技能,且对女生的促进效果尤为显著。 | 汪晓赞 季浏 秦海权 Lynn Dale Housner 杨逸民 袁爱珍 | 2010 | 北京体育大学学报2010，33，3： | 11 |
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