| 1 | 卒中存活者体力活动和锻炼建议:美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的声明显示文摘目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示,卒中存活者会经历体力下降(physical deconditioning)并导致久坐的生活方式。因此,本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导,使其更好地理解体力活动的益处,并为卒中存活者各个恢复阶段的锻炼方案提供推荐意见。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和AHA手稿监督委员会任命。作者利用系统文献综述,参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见,对现有的证据进行总结并指出目前的知识空白。结果卒中后体力活动不足非常普遍。大量证据明确支持对卒中存活者进行运动训练,包括有氧运动和力量训练。运动训练能改善功能能力、日常生活活动的执行能力以及生活质量,同时降低随后的心血管事件风险。卒中存活者的体力活动目标和锻炼方案需个体化制定以最大限度地增高长期依从性。结论写作组给出的推荐是,体力活动和锻炼方案应融入卒中存活者的治疗。卒中存活者体力活动的推动应强调低到中等强度的有氧活动、增强肌肉力量、减少久坐的生活方式以及对卒中二级预防的危险因素管理。 | Sandra A. Billinger Ross Arena Julie Bemhardt Janice J. Eng Barry A. Franklin Cheryl Mortag Johnson Marilyn MacKay-Lyons Richard F. Macko Gillian E. Mead Elliot J. Roth Marianne Shaughnessy Ada Tang 孙新亭 张通 | 2014 | 国际脑血管病杂志2014，22，10： | 80 |
| 3 | The Hong Kong consensus statements on unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma:narrative review and update for 2021显示文摘Background and Objective:Hong Kong,like many parts of Asia,faces a high burden of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)caused by high endemic rates of hepatitis B virus infection.Hong Kong clinicians have developed a high level of expertise in HCC treatment across surgical,transarterial,ablative,radiotherapeutic and systemic modalities.This publication summarizes the latest evidence-based recommendations on how these modalities should be used.Methods:In two meetings held in 2020,a multidisciplinary panel of surgeons,oncologists and interventional radiologists performed a narrative review of evidence on the management of HCC,with an emphasis on treatment of HCC not amenable to surgical resection.Close attention was paid to new evidence published since the previous version of these statements in 2018.Key Content and Findings:The expert panel has formulated 60 consensus statements to guide the staging and treatment of unresectable HCC.Since the previous version of these statements,considerable additions have been made to the recommendations on use of targeted therapies and immunotherapies because of the large volume of new evidence.Conclusions:Our consensus statements offer guidance on how to select HCC patients for surgical or non-surgical treatment and for choosing among non-surgical modalities for patients who are not candidates for resection.In particular,there is a need for more evidence to aid physicians in the selection of second-line systemic therapies,as currently most data are limited to patients with disease progression on first-line sorafenib. | Tan-To Cheung Simon Chun-Ho Yu Stephen L.Chan Ronnie T.P.Poon Philip Kwok Ann-Shing Lee Anna Tai Derek Tam Chin-Cheung Cheung Tak-Wing Lai Nam-Hung Chia Ada Law Tracy Shum Yim-Kwan Lam Vince Lau Victor Lee Charing Chong Chung-Ngai Tang Thomas Yau | 2023 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2023，12，3： | 0 |
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