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1Crop Breeding Chips and Genotyping Platforms: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives显示文摘在为基因在领域庄稼和树印射和发现的分子的标记试金的开发和应用程序有一个很快升起的趋势。因此 ? 远,超过 50 个 SNP 数组和 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS ) 的 15 种不同类型平台在超过 25 庄稼种类和长期的树被开发了。然而,少得多努力在为引起程序使用开发 ultra-high-throughput 和划算的 genotyping 平台上被作了。在这评论,我们在存在 SNP 数组和 GBS 技术和策略讨论科学瓶颈开发指向的平台为收割分子的繁殖。我们建议实际繁殖平台应该采用的那未来自动化了 genotyping 技术,任何一个数组或定序基于,目标 ? 功能的多型性 underpinning 经济特点,并且为量的特点提供理想的预言精确性,用在在庄稼的宽基因背景下面的通用应用程序。如此的平台的发展在庄稼植物由于大遗传型显型差距由于费用低效率,和知识水平在工艺的水平面对严肃的挑战。如此的 genotyping 平台将在考虑在主要庄稼在下一十年里被完成,这被期望?(a)快速的开发?在重要特点的基因发现,(b)通过新分析模型和人口图案加深了量的特点的理解,导致基因和为重要繁殖特点负责的小径的鉴定的多层的 -omics 数据的(c)集成,和在大规模 genotyping 的费用有效性的(d)改进。庄稼繁殖芯片和 genotyping 平台将提供崭新的机会与减轻气候变化的效果的需要的收益潜力,质量,和提高的改编加速栽培变种的开发。Awais Rasheed Yuanfeng Hao Xianchun Xia Awais Khan Yunbi Xu Rajeev K. Varshney Zh-onghu He 2017Molecular Plant2017,10,8:42
2高寒湿地和草甸退化及恢复对土壤微生物碳代谢功能多样性的影响显示文摘为研究高寒湿地、草甸的退化及恢复与土壤微生物碳代谢功能多样性的关系,以及影响土壤微生物碳代谢功能多样性的关键因素,利用BIOLOG Eco微平板法,分析了甘肃玛曲地区5类(湿地、沼泽化草甸、高寒草甸、退化草甸、人工恢复草甸) 14个退化与恢复样地的土壤微生物对单一碳源的利用情况。结果表明,从湿地到沙化草地的逐渐退化过程中,草甸的土壤微生物群落代谢活性差异显著;主要是由于在湿地干化过程中,微生物活性逐渐升高,沼泽草甸土壤微生物活性最高;随着草甸不断退化,微生物活性逐渐降低,沙化草地最低;而人工补播恢复使土壤微生物活性有所增加,表明退化对微生物碳代谢功能多样性造成显著影响,人工恢复措施在一定程度上提高了土壤微生物活性。聚合物类(吐温40、吐温80、环状糊精、肝糖)、氨基酸类及碳水化合物类是土壤微生物主要利用的碳源。冗余分析结果显示,土壤的碳氮比、含水量、有机碳、全氮、容重、氮磷比、p H及植被覆盖度是影响土壤微生物碳代谢功能多样性的关键因子。因此,可用土壤碳代谢功能多样性变化评价高寒湿地及草甸的退化和恢复及其变化程度。李飞 刘振恒 贾甜华 李珊珊 白彦福 郭灿灿 王惟惟 孔猛 张涛 Awais Iqbal 周华坤 贾宇 尚占环 2018生态学报2018,38,17:30
3农田土壤中氮的环境指标研究显示文摘氮肥的大量不合理施用使农田氮素成了农业面源污染的重要因子,然而关于农田氮素对环境污染的标准并没有系统的介绍。笔者分别从农田土壤氮素盈余、农田径流总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮等方面着手,介绍农田土壤中氮对环境产生的影响。土壤中氮素富集会加大农田土壤氮流失至水体的风险和数量。农田生态系统中氮素通过氨挥发、地表径流、下渗淋失等进入到环境,其盈余主要以气态、可溶态等形态对环境造成污染。综述国内外相关研究得到:农田径流损失的氮以可溶态为主,其中水稻田面水氮浓度超过30 mg/L会促使土壤矿质态氮部分释放,增加土壤溶液中矿质态氮含量,增加农田土壤氮流失风险;土壤无机N含量达到60 mg/kg时能满足作物的正常生长,超过此值,N素流失风险增加,多余的土壤NO3-N将会引起较大的环境风险。化肥使用量控制在150~180 kg/(hm^2·a)之内,可以有效控制化肥氮的损失污染。土壤氮素盈余、农田径流总氮、铵态氮、硝态氮等可作为农田土壤中氮的环境指标。田艳 马友华 胡宏祥 吴蔚君 徐云连 赵学敏 龚娟 Awais Shakoor 2017中国农学通报2017,33,7:12
4Achieving strength-ductility synergy in cold spray additively manufactured Al/B4C composites through a hybrid post-deposition treatment显示文摘Cold spray additive manufacturing(CSAM) provides a potential solid state manufacturing route to fabricate variety of aluminum matrix composites(AMCs) with reduced possibility of undesired chemical reactions and residual thermal stresses. This study presents a hybrid(i.e. hot compression + hot rolling)post-deposition treatment to reinvigorate the mechanical properties of cold spray additively manufactured Al/B4 C composites. The as-deposited samples were initially subjected to 30% thickness reduction via hot compression treatment at 500°C followed by a hot rolling treatment with 40% thickness reduction in 2 passes. Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) results revealed that after hybrid post-deposition treatment(involving 70%accumulative thickness reduction), the aluminum grains in the matrix were extensively refined due to simultaneous operation of continuous dynamic recrystallization(CDRX) and geometric dynamic recrystallization(GDRX). Furthermore, interfacial defects were remarkably reduced while the nature of Al/Al and Al/B4C interfacial bonding was changed from sheer mechanical interlocking to metallurgical bonding which facilitated efficient transference of applied load to uniformly dispersed bimodal B4C particles. As a result, ultimate tensile strength(UTS) and elongation(EL) of the as-deposited sample were simultaneously improved from 37 to 185 MPa and 0.3% to 6.2%, respectively.Naeem ul Haq Tariq Lawrence Gyansah Xiang Qiu Chunnijia Hasan Bin Awais Chengwu Zheng Hao Du Jiqiang Wang Tianying Xiong 2019Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019,35,6:7
5Lap joining 5052 aluminum alloy to Ti6Al4V titanium alloy by GTAW process with AlSi12 filler wire显示文摘The process of gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)is applied with AlSi12 filler metal to weld 5052 aluminum alloy and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy in lap configuration.The welded lap joints showed dual features of welding and brazing on the aluminum and titanium parts of the joint,respectively.The continuous reaction layer established in the brazed area and its chemical composition by EDS analysis revealed that the intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer of Ti(Al,Si)3 phase formed and aluminum was partially substituted by silicon.The thickness of reaction layer differed from 1μm to 3.5μm with increase in welding heat input accordingly.Al,Ti and Si elements in the weld region and IMCs layer were recognized by analysis of EPMA.The maximum tensile shear strength attained at the optimized welding heat input was 376 N/mm and the joint fractured from 5052 aluminum alloy base metal.Furthermore,the microhardness was measured,and the hardness was higher at the Al/Ti interface than in the weld seam and Ti6Al4V alloy base metal because of the development of IMCs.Akhtar Awais 董红刚 夏月庆 李鹏 2020China Welding2020,29,3:6
6Development of image-based wheat spike counter through a Faster R-CNN algorithm and application for genetic studies显示文摘Spike number(SN) per unit area is one of the major determinants of grain yield in wheat. Development of high-throughput techniques to count SN from large populations enables rapid and cost-effective selection and facilitates genetic studies. In the present study, we used a deep-learning algorithm, i.e., Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks(Faster R-CNN) on Red-Green-Blue(RGB) images to explore the possibility of image-based detection of SN and its application to identify the loci underlying SN. A doubled haploid population of 101 lines derived from the Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 cross was grown at two sites for SN phenotyping and genotyped using the high-density wheat 660 K SNP array.Analysis of manual spike number(MSN) in the field, image-based spike number(ISN), and verification of spike number(VSN) by Faster R-CNN revealed significant variation(P < 0.001) among genotypes, with high heritability ranged from 0.71 to 0.96. The coefficients of determination(R^(2)) between ISN and VSN was 0.83, which was higher than that between ISN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.51), and between VSN and MSN(R^(2)= 0.50). Results showed that VSN data can effectively predict wheat spikes with an average accuracy of 86.7% when validated using MSN data. Three QTL Qsnyz.caas-4 DS, Qsnyz.caas-7 DS, and QSnyz.caas-7 DL were identified based on MSN, ISN and VSN data, while QSnyz.caas-7 DS was detected in all the three data sets. These results indicate that using Faster R-CNN model for image-based identification of SN per unit area is a precise and rapid phenotyping method, which can be used for genetic studies of SN in wheat.Lei Li Muhammad Adeel Hassan Shurong Yang Furong Jing Mengjiao Yang Awais Rasheed Jiankang Wang Xianchun Xia Zhonghu He Yonggui Xiao 2022The Crop Journal2022,10,5:5
7中巴传统药物研究比较显示文摘目的:探讨中巴两国传统药物资源的异同点,寻找潜在的合作点。方法:对巴基斯坦与中国传统药物的发展现状、药用资源、存在问题等进行了文献与实地调研研究。结果:巴基斯坦在医药保健品消费方面是最具潜力的市场之一。巴基斯坦的传统医药体系是基于希波克拉底理论框架的希腊阿拉伯体系,农村医疗及农业经济发展与传统药物息息相关。过度开采、大量放牧、乱砍乱伐、土地退化等造成大量野生药用植物资源灭绝或濒临灭绝。巴基斯坦许多植物资源与我国共有,有些药用植物的临床功效与中国一致,还有一些药用植物在中巴两国的临床应用各有不同偏向。结论:巴基斯坦与中国生物技术和民族医药的合作可为两国带来互惠互利。通过人工种植或寻找替代品不仅可以缓解巴基斯坦药物资源耗竭问题,而且能够促进中国的贸易出口和科技输出,提升我国的国际竞争力与影响力。黄先菊 陈慧 Awais Ihsan 2017亚太传统医药2017,13,13:5
8Particle size dependent sinterability and magnetic properties of recycled HDDR Nd-Fe-B powders consolidated with spark plasma sintering显示文摘The dependence of the magnetic properties on the particle size of recycled HDDR Nd-Fe-B powders was investigated,with the aim to assess the reprocessing potential of the end-of-life scrap magnets via spark plasma sintering(SPS).The as received recycled HDDR powder has coercivity(Hci)=830 kA/m and particles in the range from 30 to 700 μm(average 220 μm).After burr milling,the average particle size is reduced to 120 μm and subsequently the Hci of fine(milled) powder was 595 kA/m.Spark plasma sintering was exploited to consolidate the nanograined HDDR powders and limit the abnormal grain coarsening.The optimal SPS-ing of coarse HDDR powder at 750℃for 1 min produces fully dense magnets with Hci=950±100 kA/m which further increases to 1200 kA/m via thermal treatment at 750℃for 15 min.The burr milled fine HDDR powder under similar SPS conditions and after thermal treatment results in Hci=940 kA/m.The fine powder is further sieved down from 630 to less than 50 μm mesh size,to evaluate the possible reduction in Hci in relation to the particle size.The gain in oxygen content doubles for <50 μm sized particles as compared with coarser fractions(>200 μm).The XRD analysis for fractionated powder indicates an increase in Nd2O3 phase peaks in the finer(<100 μm)fractions.Similarly,the Hci reduces from 820 kA/m in the coarse particles(>200 μm) to 460 kA/m in the fine sized particles(<100μm).SPS was done on each HDDR powder fraction under the optimal conditions to measure the variation in Hci and density.The Hci of SPS-ed coarse fraction(>200 μm) is higher than 930 kA/m and it falls abruptly to just 70 kA/m for the fine sized particles(<100 μm).The thermal treatment further improves the Hci to>1000 kA/m only up to 100 μm sized fractions with>90% sintered density.The full densification(>99%) is observed only in the coarse fractions.The loss of coercivity and lack of sinterability in the fine sized particles(<100 μm) are attributed to a very high oxygen content.This implies that during recycling,if good magnetic properties are to be maintained or even increase the HDDR powder particles can be sized down only up to≥100 μm.Awais Ikram Farhan Mehmood Richard Stuart Sheridan Muhammad Awais Allan Walton Anas Eldosouky Saso Sturm Spomenka Kobe Kristina Zuzek Rozman 2020Journal of Rare Earths2020,38,1:5
9Unraveling a genetic roadmap for improved taste in the domesticated apple显示文摘Although taste is an important aspect of fruit quality, an understanding of its genetic control remains elusive in apple and other fruit crops. In this study, we conducted genomic sequence analysis of 497 Malus accessions and revealed erosion of genetic diversity caused by apple breeding and possible independent domestication events of dessert and cider apples. Signatures of selection for fruit acidity and size, but not for fruit sugar content, were detected during the processes of both domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we found that single mutations in major genes affecting fruit taste, including Ma1, MdTDT, and MdSOT2, dramatically decrease malate, citrate, and sorbitol accumulation, respectively, and correspond to important domestication events. Interestingly, Ma1 was identified to have pleiotropic effects on both organic acid content and sugar:acid ratio, suggesting that it plays a vital role in determining fruit taste. Fruit taste is unlikely to have been negatively affected by linkage drag associated with selection for larger fruit that resulted from the pyramiding of multiple genes with minor effects on fruit size. Collectively, our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of fruit quality and its evolutionary roadmap during apple domestication, pinpointing several candidate genes for genetic manipulation of fruit taste in apple.Liao Liao Weihan Zhang Bo Zhang Ting Fang Xiao-Fei Wang Yarning Cai Collins Ogutu Lei Gao Gang Chen Xiaoqing Nie Jinsheng Xu Quanyan Zhang Yiran Ren Jianqiang Yu Chukun Wang Cecilia H.Deng Baiquan Ma Beibei Zheng Chun-Xiang You Da-Gang Hu Richard Espley Kui Lin-Wang Jia-Long Yao Andrew C.Allan Awais Khan Schuyler S.Korban Zhangjun Fei Ray Ming Yu-Jin Hao Li Li Yuepeng Han 2021Molecular Plant2021,14,9:5
10基于网络药理学及分子对接探讨香连片对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的机制研究显示文摘目的:基于网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨香连片对新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19)的作用机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, TCMSP)、PubChem数据库、生物信息学分析工具(a bioinformatics analysis tool for molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine, BATMAN-TCM)及SwissTarget Prediction平台查询香连片活性成分及其对应的靶点基因;根据大于2倍中位数的节点度值(degree)为条件,筛选香连片关键活性成分,并运用Cytoscape 3.6.1软件绘制关键活性成分-对应靶点网络;通过GeneCards及PHARMGKB疾病数据库,以'coronavirus pneumonia'、'COVID-19'及'SARS-CoV-2'为关键词进行检索疾病靶点基因。运用Cytoscape 3.6.1软件进行交集,得到共同靶点并构建成分-靶点-疾病网络图;通过STRING网站对共同靶点构建蛋白相互作用(Protein Protein interaction, PPI)网络,通过DAVID数据库对共同靶点进行基因本位(gene ontology, GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)分析;利用CB-Dock网站对筛选出的活性成分及抗病毒化药和SARS-CoV-2 3CL水解酶及血管紧张素转化酶Ⅱ (angiotensin converting enzyme Ⅱ, ACE2)进行分子对接。结果:香连片共得到41个活性成分,其中16个关键活性成分,并与疾病靶点相交得到24个共同靶点;GO功能富集得到分子功能(molecular function, MF)、细胞组分(cellular component, CC)及其所参与的生物过程(biological process, BP)分别为125条、16条及24条;KEGG富集得到94条通路,其通路多与免疫反应和炎症反应有关,主要有PI3K-Akt、Ras、HIF-1、MAPK、NF-kB以及TNF等信号通路;分子对接得出黄柏酮、氧化小檗碱、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱及豆甾醇等多种成分与SARS-CoV-2 3CL水解酶及ACE2的对接亲和力均强于2种临床化学药物(阿比多尔及利巴韦林)。结论:香连片多是通过作用于MAPK家族、IL1B、NFKB1、CASP3、CCL5、TNF等靶点因子来调节PI3K-Akt、MAPK、NF-kB及TNF等炎症免疫通路,以多成分、多靶点、多途径参与COVID-19的多种生理过程,从而对COVID-19有一定治疗作用;在中药成分上,黄柏酮、氧化小檗碱、吴茱萸碱、吴茱萸次碱、豆甾醇、吴茱萸酰胺类成分等可以很好作用于COVID-19治疗中涉及到的2种关键酶(SARS-CoV-2 3CL水解酶及ACE2),故这几种中药单体成分有作为治疗COVID-19的新药潜能。董悦 李竣 佟海英 黄先菊 Awais Ihsan 2021中国医院药学杂志2021,41,7:5
11DNNGP, a deep neural network-based method for genomic prediction using multi-omics data in plants显示文摘Genomic prediction is an effective way to accelerate the rate of agronomic trait improvement in plants.Traditional methods typically use linear regression models with clear assumptions;such methods are unable to capture the complex relationships between genotypes and phenotypes.Non-linear models(e.g.,deep neural networks)have been proposed as a superior alternative to linear models because they can capture complex non-additive effects.Here we introduce a deep learning(DL)method,deep neural network genomic prediction(DNNGP),for integration of multi-omics data in plants.We trained DNNGP on four datasets and compared its performance with methods built with five classic models:genomic best linear unbiased prediction(GBLUP);two methods based on a machine learning(ML)framework,light gradient boosting machine(LightGBM)and support vector regression(SVR);and two methods based on a DL framework,deep learning genomic selection(DeepGS)and deep learning genome-wide association study(DLGWAS).DNNGP is novel in five ways.First,it can be applied to a variety of omics data to predict phenotypes.Second,the multilayered hierarchical structure of DNNGP dynamically learns features from raw data,avoiding overfitting and improving the convergence rate using a batch normalization layer and early stopping and rectified linear activation(rectified linear unit)functions.Third,when small datasets were used,DNNGP produced results that are competitive with results from the other five methods,showing greater prediction accuracy than the other methods when large-scale breeding data were used.Fourth,the computation time required by DNNGP was comparable with that of commonly used methods,up to 10 times faster than DeepGS.Fifth,hyperparameters can easily be batch tuned on a local machine.Compared with GBLUP,LightGBM,SVR,DeepGS and DLGWAS,DNNGP is superior to these existing widely used genomic selection(GS)methods.Moreover,DNNGP can generate robust assessments from diverse datasets,including omics data,and quickly incorporate complex and large datasets into usable models,making it a promising and practical approach for straightforward integration into existing GS platforms.Kelin Wang Muhammad Ali Abid Awais Rasheed Jose Crossa Sarah Hearne Huihui Li 2023Molecular Plant2023,16,1:3
12Outcomes After Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: Review of Over 1000 Patients显示文摘James D. Luketich Arjun Pennathur Omar Awais Ryan M. Levy Samuel Keeley Manisha Shende Neil A. Christie Benny Weksler Rodney J. Landreneau Ghulam Abbas Matthew J. Schuchert Katie S. Nason 2012Annals of Surgery2012,,1:3
13Evaluating the accuracy of American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis with choledocholithiasis显示文摘BACKGROUND Acute gallstone pancreatitis(AGP) is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis(AP) in the United States. Patients with AGP may also present with choledocholithiasis. In 2010, the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy(ASGE) suggested a management algorithm based on probability for choledocholithiasis, recommending additional imaging for patients at intermediate risk and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) for patients at high risk of choledocholithiasis. In 2019, the ASGE guidelines were updated using more specific criteria to categorize individuals at high risk for choledocholithiasis. Neither ASGE guideline has been studied in AGP to determine the probability of having choledocholithiasis.AIM To determine compliance with ASGE guidelines, assess outcomes, and compare 2019 vs 2010 ASGE criteria for suspected choledocholithiasis in AGP.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 882 patients admitted with AP to a single tertiary care center from 2008-2018. AP was diagnosed using revised Atlanta criteria and AGP was defined as the presence of gallstones on imaging or with cholestatic pattern of liver injury in the absence of another cause. Patients with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic malignancy were excluded as were those who went directly to cholecystectomy prior to assessment for choledocholithiasis. Patients were assigned low, intermediate or high risk based on ASGE guidelines. Our primary outcomes of interest were the proportion of patients in the intermediate risk group undergoing magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) first and the proportion of patients in the high risk group undergoing ERCP directly without preceding imaging. Secondary outcomes of interest included outcome differences based on if guidelines were not adhered to. We then evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of 2019 in comparison to the 2010 ASGE criteria for patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. We performed the t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test, as appropriate, to analyze if there were outcome differences based on if guidelines were not adhered to. Kappa coefficients were calculated to measure the degree of agreement between pairs of variables.RESULTS In this cohort, we identified 235 patients with AGP of which 79 patients were excluded as they went directly to surgery for cholecystectomy without prior MRCP or ERCP. Of the remaining 156 patients, 79 patients were categorized as intermediate risk and 77 patients were high risk for choledocholithiasis according to the 2010 ASGE guidelines. Among 79 intermediate risk patients, 54(68%) underwent MRCP first whereas 25 patients(32%) went directly to ERCP. For the 54 patients with intermediate risk who had MRCP first, 36 patients had no choledocholithiasis while 18 patients had evidence of choledocholithiasis prompting ERCP. Of these patients, ERCP confirmed stone disease in 11 patients. Of the 25 intermediate risk patients who directly underwent ERCP, 18 patients had stone disease. One patient with a normal ERCP developed post ERCP pancreatitis. Patients undergoing MRCP in this group had a significantly longer length of stay(5.0 vs 4.0 d, P = 0.02). In the high risk group, 64 patients(83%) had ERCP without preceding imaging, of which, 53 patients had findings consistent with choledocholithiasis, of which 13 patients(17%) underwent MRCP before ERCP, all of which showed evidence of stone disease. Furthermore, all of these patients ultimately had an ERCP, of which 8 patients had evidence of stones and 5 had normal examination.RESULTS Our cohort also demonstrated that 58% of all 156 patients with AGP had confirmed choledocholithiasis(79% of the high risk group and 37% of the intermediate group when risk was assigned based on the 2010 ASGE guidelines). When the updated 2019 ASGE guidelines were applied instead of the original 2010 guidelines, there was moderate agreement between the 2010 and 2019 guidelines(kappa = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.34-0.58). Forty-two of 77 patients were still deemed to be high risk and 35 patients were downgraded to intermediate risk. Thirty-five patients who were originally assigned high risk were reclassified as intermediate risk. For these 35 patients, 26 patients had ERCP findings consistent with choledocholithiasis and 9 patients had a normal examination. Based on the 2019 criteria, 9/35 patients who were downgraded to intermediate risk had an unnecessary ERCP with normal findings(without a preceding MRCP).CONCLUSION Two-thirds in intermediate risk and 83% in high risk group followed ASGE guidelines for choledocholithiasis. One intermediate-group patient with normal ERCP had post-ERCP AP, highlighting the risk of unnecessary procedures.Supisara Tintara Ishani Shah William Yakah Awais Ahmed Cristina S Sorrento Cinthana Kandasamy Steven D Freedman Darshan J Kothari Sunil G Sheth 2022World Journal of Gastroenterology2022,28,16:3
14Cloud authorization: exploring techniques and approach towards effective access control framework显示文摘Rahat MASOOD Muhammad Awais SHIBLI Yumna GHAZI Ayesha KANWAL Arshad ALI 2015Frontiers of Computer Science2015,9,2:3
15Lap joining Al5052 to Ti6Al4V by GTAW with Al Si5 filler wire显示文摘Lap Joining of 5052 aluminum alloy(Al5052)to Ti6Al4V titanium alloy(Ti6Al4V)was conducted by gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)process with AlSi5 filler wire.Microstructure examination revealed that non-uniform persistent reaction layer developed in Al5052/Ti6Al4V interfacial area,and the intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer of Ti(Al,Si)3 phase formed with the partial substitution of aluminum by silicon.The thickness of IMCs layer varied from less than 1μm to more than 5μm in accordance with rise in welding current.Aluminum,silicon and titanium elements in the IMCs layer and weld zone were identified by electron probe microanalysis(EPMA).The results demonstrated that sound Al5052/Ti6Al4V joints can be achieved in the range of 50 A–60 A welding current.The maximum tensile shear strength of 293 N/mm was attained at the optimized welding parameter and the joint fractured in the weld zone.Additionally,the micro-Vickers hardness at Al5052/Ti6Al4V interface was relatively higher in comparison with that of the weld seam and Ti6Al4V base metal as a consequence of IMCs formation.Akhtar Awais 董红刚 夏月庆 李鹏 2019China Welding2019,28,2:3
16基于固结磨粒的单晶蓝宝石自旋转磨削加工方法显示文摘利用固结磨粒自旋转磨削加工方法,通过金刚石磨削和化学机械磨削实现了蓝宝石晶片的高效、高质量平坦化加工。采用不同磨粒粒径的金刚石砂轮实现了蓝宝石晶片较高的材料去除率或较好的表面质量。开发了高磨粒浓度Cr2O3砂轮,采用化学机械磨削对金刚石磨削后的蓝宝石晶片进行平坦化加工。实验结果表明,化学机械磨削能够去除金刚石磨削的表面和亚表面缺陷,最终获得表面粗糙度Ra<1 nm、无/微损伤的蓝宝石晶片。通过理论分析单颗金刚石磨粒的磨削力,发现磨粒粒径是影响材料去除率和表面质量的主要影响因素。通过XPS分析证明了Cr2O3和蓝宝石之间的固相反应过程。吴柯 陆新明 MEHMOOD Awais 周立波 袁巨龙 2021中国机械工程2021,32,16:2
17Combined use of T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted 3-T MR imaging for differentiating uterine sarcomas from benign leiomyomas显示文摘Tomohiro Namimoto Yasuyuki Yamashita Kazuo Awai Takeshi Nakaura Yumi Yanaga Toshinori Hirai Tetsuo Saito Hidetaka Katabuchi 2009European Radiology2009,,:2
18The Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) is similarly elevated in patients with Crohn’s disease and in patients with irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘C. Lahiff P. Safaie A. Awais M. Akbari L. Gashin S. Sheth A. Lembo D. Leffler A. C. Moss A. S. Cheifetz 2013Aliment Pharmacol Ther2013,,8:2
19Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in the diagnosis of gynecological diseases显示文摘Tomohiro Namimoto Kazuo Awai Takeshi Nakaura Yumi Yanaga Toshinori Hirai Yasuyuki Yamashita 2009European Radiology2009,,3:2
20Reactive Oxygen Species Induced by Bile Acid Induce Apoptosis and Protect Against Necrosis in Pancreatic Acinar Cells显示文摘David M. Booth John A. Murphy Rajarshi Mukherjee Muhammad Awais John P. Neoptolemos Oleg V. Gerasimenko Alexei V. Tepikin Ole H. Petersen Robert Sutton David N. Criddle 2011Gastroenterology2011,,7:2
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