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| 1 | Impact of Land Use and Soil Fertility on Distributions of Soil Aggregate Fractions and Some Nutrients显示文摘The size distribution of water-stable aggregates and the variability of organic C,N and P contents over aggregate size fractions were studied for orchard,upland,paddy,and grassland soils with high,medium,and low fertility levels.The results showed that > 5 mm aggregates in the cultivated upland and paddy soils were 44.0% and 32.0%,respectively,less than those in the un-tilled orchard soil.Organic C and soil N in different size aggregate fractions in orchard soil with high fertility were significantly higher than those of other land uses.However,the contents of soil P in different size aggregates were significantly greater in the paddy soil as compared to the other land uses.Soil organic C,N and P contents were higher in larger aggregates than those in smaller ones.The amount of water-stable aggregates was positively correlated to their contribution to soil organic C,N and P.For orchard and grassland soils,the > 5 mm aggregates made the greatest contribution to soil nutrients,while for upland soil,the 0.25-0.053 mm aggregates contributed the most to soil nutrients.Therefore,the land use with minimum disturbance was beneficial for the formation of a better soil structure.The dominant soil aggregates in different land use types determined the distribution of soil nutrients.Utilization efficiency of soil P could be improved by converting other land uses to the paddy soil. | LIU Xiao-Li HE Yuan-Qiu H. L. ZHANG J. K. SCHRODER LI Cheng-Liang ZHOU Jing ZHANG Zhi-Yong | 2010 | Pedosphere2010，20，5： | 22 |
| 2 | Tomographic PIV investigation of coherent structures in a turbulent boundary layer flow显示文摘Tomographic particle image velocimetry was used to quantitatively visualize the three-dimensional coherent structures in the logarithmic region of the turbulent boundary layer in a water tunnel.The Reynolds number based on momentum thickness is Reθ = 2 460.The instantaneous velocity fields give evidence of hairpin vortices aligned in the streamwise direction forming very long zones of low speed fluid,which is flanked on either side by highspeed ones.Statistical support for the existence of hairpins is given by conditional averaged eddy within an increasing spanwise width as the distance from the wall increases,and the main vortex characteristic in different wall-normal regions can be reflected by comparing the proportion of ejection and its contribution to Reynolds stress with that of sweep event.The pre-multiplied power spectra and two-point correlations indicate the presence of large-scale motions in the boundary layer,which are consistent with what have been termed very large scale motions(VLSMs).The three dimen-sional spatial correlations of three components of velocity further indicate that the elongated low-speed and highspeed regions will be accompanied by a counter-rotating roll modes,as the statistical imprint of hairpin packet structures,all of which together make up the characteristic of coherent structures in the logarithmic region of the turbulent boundary layer(TBL). | Zhan-Qi Tang Nan Jiang Andreas Schroder Reinhard Geisler | 2012 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2012，28，3： | 14 |
| 3 | 肌萎缩性侧索硬化蛋白激活小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性小体显示文摘小胶质细胞NLRP3炎性小体激活正在成为神经退行性变过程中神经炎症的关键因素。诸如β-淀粉样蛋白和α-突触核蛋白之类的致病性蛋白质聚集体触发小胶质NLRP3激活,从而导致半胱天冬酶-1激活和IL-1β的分泌。在小鼠肌萎缩性侧索硬化症(ALS)的SOD1G93A模型中,半胱天冬酶-1和IL-1β均促进疾病进展,提示小胶质NLRP3在该进程中发挥作用。然而先前的研究表明,SOD1G93A小鼠小胶质细胞不表达NLRP3,SOD1G93A蛋白在小胶质细胞中产生独立于NLRP3的IL-1β。本研究论证了使用Nlrp3-GFP基因敲入小鼠,在SOD1G93A小鼠中小胶质细胞表达NLRP3。本研究显示聚集和可溶性SOD1G93A均可激活小鼠原代小胶质细胞中的炎性小体,导致半胱天冬酶-1和IL-1β裂解,ASC斑点形成以及呈剂量和时间依赖性的IL-1β分泌。重要的是,SOD1G93A无法从缺乏Nlrp3的小胶质细胞或者用特异性NLRP3抑制剂MCC950预处理的小胶质细胞中诱导IL-1β分泌,从而证实NLRP3是介导SOD1诱导的小胶质细胞IL-1β分泌的关键炎症小体复合物。在TDP-43Q331K ALS小鼠模型中也观察到小胶质NLRP3上调,TDP-43野生型和突变蛋白亦可以NLRP3依赖性的方式激活小胶质炎性小体。从机制上讲,本研究确定了活性氧簇和ATP的生成是SOD1G93A介导的NLRP3激活所需的关键事件。总之,本研究的数据表明ALS小胶质细胞表达NLRP3,而病理ALS蛋白激活小胶质NLRP3炎性小体。因此,NLRP3抑制可能是阻止小胶质细胞神经炎症和ALS疾病进展的潜在治疗方法。 | Vandana Deora John D Lee Eduardo AAlbornoz Luke McAlary Cyril J Jagaraj Avril A B Robertson Julie D Atkin Matthew A Cooper Kate Schroder Justin J Yerbury Richard Gordon Trent MWoodruff 杜一星(编译) | 2020 | 神经损伤与功能重建2020，15，9： | 13 |
| 4 | The Inflammasomes显示文摘 | Kate Schroder Jurg Tschopp | 2010 | Cell2010，，6： | 10 |
| 5 | rtPA溶栓24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗急性脑梗死痰热腑实证的临床研究显示文摘目的观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)溶栓24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗急性脑梗死痰热腑实证的临床效果。方法选取2014年8月—2019年6月上海中医药大学附属曙光医院收治的痰热腑实证急性脑梗死病人255例,均采用rtPA溶栓治疗,随机分为对照组(127例)和治疗组(128例)。对照组按照指南采用西医综合治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上在24 h内加服加味星蒌承气汤治疗10 d。两组分别于rtPA溶栓前、溶栓后10 d及随访90 d时进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,计算改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分0~2分内病人的百分比;观察两组病人溶栓后颅内出血以及随访90 d内再发脑梗死情况。结果与rtPA溶栓前比较,两组rtPA溶栓后10 d、随访90 d时NIHSS评分明显降低(P<0.05),mRS评分在0~2分内病人的百分比明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组随访90 d时NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),mRS评分在0~2内病人的百分比高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组再发脑梗死发生率明显低于对照组(9.09%与15.32%,P<0.05)。结论针对急性脑梗死痰热腑实证病人,rtPA溶栓后24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗,能够促进病人神经功能恢复,且安全性较好。 | 王骏 龚帆 Joana Schroder 李婷婷 潘卫东 | 2020 | 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志2020，18，17： | 9 |
| 6 | Particle-Image Velocimetry and Force Measurements of Leading-Edge Serrations on Owl-Based Wing Models显示文摘 | Andrea Winzen Benedikt Roidl Stephan Klan Michael Klaas Wolfgang Schroder | 2014 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2014，11，3： | 8 |
| 7 | Mutants, Overexpressors, and Interactors of Arabidopsis Plastocyanin Isoforms: Revised Roles of Plastocyanin in Photosynthetic Electron Flow and Thylakoid Redox State显示文摘二相应 plastocyanin isoforms 被基因 PETE1 和 PETE2 编码为 Arabidopsis thaliana 的原子染色体。PETE2 抄本被表示在更加高水平和 PETE2 蛋白质是更丰富的 isoform。在 PETE 基因的空变化导致了植物,指明的 pete1 和 pete2,与减少的 plastocyanin 内容。尽管有在超过 90% 减少 plastocyanin 层次,而 pete1 大美人种,然而,它的自己上的一个 pete2 0 变化仅仅稍微影响光合作用和生长的率,与大约 6080% 野类型的 plastocyanin 水平,没显示出任何改变。因此, plastocyanin 集中不在最佳的生长条件下面为光合的电子流动正在限制,也许为蛋白质暗示另外的可能的生理的角色。确实, plastocyanin 以前被建议了在 thylakoid 氧化还原作用反应与细胞色素 c6A (Cyt c6A ) 合作,但是我们不为在二蛋白质之间的一个物理相互作用发现证据,用在酵母的相互作用试金。我们在酵母相互作用试金观察了 Cyt c6A 的 homodimerization,而且 Cyt c6A homodimers 没能与 plastocyanin 交往。而且, atc6-1 pete1 的 phenotypic 分析和 atc6-1 pete2 加倍异种,每缺乏的 Cyt c6A 并且二编码 plastocyanin 基因之一,没能揭示任何基因相互作用。在 pete1 pete2 的 PETE1 或 PETE2 的 Overexpression 在实质上野类型的光合的性能的两倍猛烈变异的背景结果,排除二 plastocyanin isoforms 能在 thylakoid 有不同函数的可能性电子流动。 | Paolo Pesaresi Michael Scharfenberg Martin Weigel Irene Granlund Wolfgang R Schroder Giovanni Finazzi Fabrice Rappaport Simona Masiero Antonella Furini Peter Jahns Dario Leister | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，2： | 7 |
| 8 | The role of mechanotransduction versus hypoxia during simulated orthodontic compressive strain——an in vitro study of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts显示文摘During orthodontic tooth movement(OTM)mechanical forces trigger pseudo-inflammatory,osteoclastogenic and remodelling processes in the periodontal ligament(PDL)that are mediated by PDL fibroblasts via the expression of various signalling molecules.Thus far,it is unknown whether these processes are mainly induced by mechanical cellular deformation(mechanotransduction)or by concomitant hypoxic conditions via the compression of periodontal blood vessels.Human primary PDL fibroblasts were randomly seeded in conventional six-well cell culture plates with O2-impermeable polystyrene membranes and in special plates with gas-permeable membranes(Lumox?,Sarstedt),enabling the experimental separation of mechanotransducive and hypoxic effects that occur concomitantly during OTM.To simulate physiological orthodontic compressive forces,PDL fibroblasts were stimulated mechanically at 2 g·cm?2 for 48 h after 24 h of pre-incubation.We quantified the cell viability by MTT assay,gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)and protein expression by western blot/enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).In addition,PDL-fibroblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis(TRAP+cells)was measured in a 72-h coculture with RAW264.7 cells.The expression of HIF-1α,COX-2,PGE2,VEGF,COL1A2,collagen and ALPL,and the RANKL/OPG ratios at the mRNA/protein levels during PDL-fibroblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis were significantly elevated by mechanical loading irrespective of the oxygen supply,whereas hypoxic conditions had no significant additional effects.The cellular–molecular mediation of OTM by PDL fibroblasts via the expression of various signalling molecules is expected to be predominantly controlled by the application of force(mechanotransduction),whereas hypoxic effects seem to play only a minor role.In the context of OTM,the hypoxic marker HIF-1αdoes not appear to be primarily stabilized by a reduced O2 supply but is rather stabilised mechanically. | Niklas Ullrich Agnes Schroder Jonathan Jantsch Gerrit Spanier Peter Proff Christian Kirschneck | 2019 | International Journal of Oral Science2019，11，4： | 5 |
| 9 | 芍药根不同部位特征图谱研究显示文摘目的研究比较芍药根的栓皮部、韧皮部和木质部3个不同部位的特征图谱差异。方法通过高效液相色谱法建立特征图谱,采用ODS柱,柱温30℃,乙腈-0.1%磷酸水溶液梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长为230 nm。结果特征图谱显示:栓皮部分离出15个共有峰,韧皮部分离出13个共有峰,木质部分离出7个共有峰,各部分特征峰易于识别、分离度较好。主成分分析得出3个部分共有的主要成分:芍药苷、芍药内酯苷和苯甲酸。芍药苷在3个部位中的含量无显著差异,芍药内酯苷在栓皮部和韧皮部中含量无明显差异均高于木质部中的含量,苯甲酸在栓皮部的含量高于韧皮部。结论栓皮部提取液能分离出更多的成分且浓度较高,木质部提取液分离出的成分少且浓度低,韧皮部介于两者之间。 | 史素影 俞年军 彭代银 张雨雷 朱强 葛德助 马磊 Sven Schroder 韩荣春 | 2020 | 云南中医学院学报2020，43，1： | 5 |
| 10 | Assessing availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead to ryegrass and millet based on 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO_3)_2 extraction显示文摘This study was conducted to assess availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) to ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and millet (Echinochloa crusgalli) based on the 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2 extraction. Effect of soil properties on availability, phyto- toxicity and bioaccumulation of Pb to the two plants was also evaluated. Five soils with pH values varying from 3.8 to 7.3, organic carbon (OC) contents from 0.7% to 2.4%, and clay contents from 11.6% to 35.6% were selected. Soils were spiked with Pb to achieve a range of concentrations: 250, 500, 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/kg. Pb availability in the spiked soils was estimated by extracting soil with 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2. The results indicate that plants yield decreased with decreasing soil pH and increased with increasing soil clay and OC content. Negative relationship between available Pb and the relative dry matter growth (RDMG) of the two plants were significantly related. Available Pb used to assess EC20 (20% effective concentration) and EC50 (50% effective concentration) of millet was 119 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Available Pb used to assess EC20 and EC50 of ryegrass was 63 and 157 mg/kg, respectively. Bioaccumulation, expressed as bioconcentration factors of Pb, was inversely related to soil pH, soil OC and clay content. Strong relationships were found between available lead and uptake by the two plants (r2 was 0.92 and 0.95 respectively). In general, 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2 available Pb may be used to assess the availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead to the two plants tested. | SI Ji-tao TIAN Bao-guo WANG Hong-tao Nicholas Basta Jackie Schroder Mark Casillas | 2006 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2006，18，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Manufacture and characterization of graphene membranes with suspended silicon proof masses for MEMS and NEMS applications显示文摘Graphene’s unparalleled strength,chemical stability,ultimate surface-to-volume ratio and excellent electronic properties make it an ideal candidate as a material for membranes in micro-and nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS and NEMS).However,the integration of graphene into MEMS or NEMS devices and suspended structures such as proof masses on graphene membranes raises several technological challenges,including collapse and rupture of the graphene.We have developed a robust route for realizing membranes made of double-layer CVD graphene and suspending large silicon proof masses on membranes with high yields.We have demonstrated the manufacture of square graphene membranes with side lengths from 7µm to 110µm,and suspended proof masses consisting of solid silicon cubes that are from 5µm×5µm×16.4µm to 100µm×100µm×16.4µm in size.Our approach is compatible with wafer-scale MEMS and semiconductor manufacturing technologies,and the manufacturing yields of the graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were>90%,with>70%of the graphene membranes having>90%graphene area without visible defects.The measured resonance frequencies of the realized structures ranged from tens to hundreds of kHz,with quality factors ranging from 63 to 148.The graphene membranes with suspended proof masses were extremely robust,and were able to withstand indentation forces from an atomic force microscope(AFM)tip of up to~7000nN.The proposed approach for the reliable and large-scale manufacture of graphene membranes with suspended proof masses will enable the development and study of innovative NEMS devices with new functionalities and improved performances. | Xuge Fan Anderson D.Smith Fredrik Forsberg Stefan Wagner Stephan Schroder Sayedeh Shirin Afyouni Akbari Andreas C.Fischer Luis Guillermo Villanueva Mikael Ostling Max C.Lemme Frank Niklaus | 2020 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2020，6，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Sterile signals generate weaker and delayed macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome responses relative to microbial signals显示文摘发炎是对试图消除侮辱的微生物引起的感染或无菌的损害的主人反应,修理织物并且恢复动态平衡。巨噬细胞和 NLRP3 inflammasome 是为侮辱的两种类型的关键哨兵。尽管 NLRP3 inflammasome 被在无菌的损害期间释放的微生物引起的产品和分子激活,这很好被建立,信号的这些不同类型得到的回答是否是不同的,是不清楚的。在这研究,我们把 lipopolysaccharide 和肿瘤坏死因素用作原型的微生物引起、无菌的信号 1 刺激,分别地告知 NLRP3 inflammasome。我们然后使用了细菌的毒素 nigericin 和免除坏死的房间的一个普通产品, ATP 原型的微生物引起、无菌的信号 2 刺激,分别地在鼠标和人的巨噬细胞触发 NLRP3 inflammasome 建筑群的汇编。当信号 1 和信号 2 是无菌的时,我们发现 NLRP3 inflammasome 回答最弱,但是当二个信号中的至少一个是微生物引起的时,回答更快、更强壮。最终,最快速并且当两个信号是微生物引起的时,有势力回答被得到。一起,这些数据建议微生物引起对无菌的信号是不同的,运动地并且在大小,处于他们产生 inflammasome 依赖的回答的能力。对无菌对微生物引起的刺激的 NLRP3 回答的这个层次多半反映迫切需要让免疫系统对感染的存在很快作出回应停止病原体传播。 | Jelena S Bezbradica Rebecca C Coll Kate Schroder | 2017 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2017，14，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution and bionic applications of siliceous sponge spicules显示文摘Sponges are the oldest and the simplest but not primitive multicellular animals. They represent the earliest evolutionary metazoan phylum still extant. It was a long and painful scientific process to posi-tion the most enigmatic and mysterious metazoan,the Porifera,into their correct phylogenetic place among the eukaryotes in general and multicellular animals in particular. As living fossils,sponges provide the best evidence for the early evolution of Metazoa. More recently,interest has been focused on the bionic applications of sponges' siliceous spicules,after the discovery of their unique structure and high fiber performance. In this review,the emergence of sponges,evolutionary novelties found in sponges,and the phylogenetic position of sponges in early metazoan evolution are highlighted. In ad-dition,the present state of knowledge on silicatein-mediated 'biosilica' formation in marine sponges,including the involvement of other molecules in silica metabolism and their potential application in nanobiotechnology and medicine,is given. | Werner E G MULLER WANG XiaoHong ZENG LingSen Heinz C SCHRODER | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，22： | 3 |
| 14 | Mitochondrial DNA synthesis fuels NLRP3 inflammasome显示文摘 | Rebecca C. Coll Caroline L. Holley Kate Schroder | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，11： | 3 |
| 15 | 轴流风机叶尖泄漏流动的大涡模拟(英文)显示文摘本文采用大涡模拟(LES)的方法研究了在基于外壳直径的雷诺数为9.36×105条件下5叶片的轴流式风扇的流动特性,并且着重分析了叶尖泄漏的流动现象。本文使用了基于有限体积法和分层笛卡尔网格的可压流求解器进行数值计算,并应用了体积守恒的切割网格方法处理风扇几何结构的浸入式边界。同时开发了用于笛卡尔网格的旋转周期性边界条件,这样只需分析由2.5亿网格构造的包含一片叶片的72°区域。该研究首先对网格质量进行了分析,之后讨论了瞬态和时均流场的特性,并与使用RANS的5叶片模拟结果进行了对比。RANS和LES模拟结果的主要不同之处体现在叶尖泄漏涡尾流中的湍流动能。本文进而研究了叶尖间隙对叶尖泄漏涡的影响。研究表明,间隙的大小会影响叶尖泄漏涡的大小形状。此外,间隙中更多的分离现象和反向旋转涡会导致较低的湍流动能。 | Alexej Pogorelov Matthias Meinke Wolfgang Schroder | 2018 | 风机技术2018，60，1： | 2 |
| 16 | In situ NAD+regeneration using 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)as an electron transfer mediator 显示文摘 | Schroder I Steckhan E Liese A | 2003 | J Electroanal Chem2003，541，： | 2 |
| 17 | Regional cerebral blood volume after severe head injury in patients with regional cerebral ischemia显示文摘 | Schroder ML Muizelaar Jp Fatouros PP | 1998 | Neurosurg1998，42，6： | 2 |
| 18 | One photon-per-bit receiver using near-noiseless phase-sensitive amplification显示文摘Space communication for deep-space missions,inter-satellite data transfer and Earth monitoring requires high-speed data connectivity.The reach is fundamentally dictated by the available transmission power,the aperture size,and the receiver sensitivity.A transition from radio-frequency links to optical links is now seriously being considered,as this greatly reduces the channel loss caused by diffraction.A widely studied approach uses power-efficient formats along with nanowire-based photon-counting receivers cooled to a few Kelvins operating at speeds below 1 Gb/s.However,to achieve the multi-Gb/s data rates that will be required in the future,systems relying on pre-amplified receivers together with advanced signal generation and processing techniques from fibre communications are also considered.The sensitivity of such systems is largely determined by the noise figure(NF)of the pre-amplifier,which is theoretically 3 dB for almost all amplifiers.Phase-sensitive optical amplifiers(PSAs)with their uniquely low NF of 0 dB promise to provide the best possible sensitivity for Gb/s-rate long-haul free-space links.Here,we demonstrate a novel approach using a PSA-based receiver in a free-space transmission experiment with an unprecedented bit-error-free,black-box sensitivity of 1 photon-per-information-bit(PPB)at an information rate of 10.5 Gb/s.The system adopts a simple modulation format(quadrature-phase-shift keying,QPSK),standard digital signal processing for signal recovery and forward-error correction and is straightforwardly scalable to higher data rates. | Ravikiran Kakarla Jochen Schroder Peter A.Andrekson | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Tissue distribution and engraftment of human mesenchymal stem cells immortalized by human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene显示文摘 | J.F. Bentzon K. Stenderup F.D. Hansen H.D. Schroder B.M. Abdallah T.G. Jensen M. Kassem | 2004 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2004，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Path and multiple regression analyses of phosphorus sorption capacity显示文摘 | Zhang H Schroder J L Fuhrman J K | 2005 | Soil Science Society of America Journal2005，69，： | 1 |
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