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| 1 | The impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle:A review显示文摘The increased frequency of climate extremes in recent years has profoundly affected terrestrial ecosystem functions and the welfare of human society. The carbon cycle is a key process of terrestrial ecosystem changes. Therefore, a better understanding and assessment of the impacts of climate extremes on the terrestrial carbon cycle could provide an important scientific basis to facilitate the mitigation and adaption of our society to climate change. In this paper, we systematically review the impacts of climate extremes(e.g. drought, extreme precipitation, extreme hot and extreme cold) on terrestrial ecosystems and their mechanisms. Existing studies have suggested that drought is one of the most important stressors on the terrestrial carbon sink, and that it can inhibit both ecosystem productivity and respiration. Because ecosystem productivity is usually more sensitive to drought than respiration, drought can significantly reduce the strength of terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks and even turn them into carbon sources. Large inter-model variations have been found in the simulations of drought-induced changes in the carbon cycle, suggesting the existence of a large gap in current understanding of the mechanisms behind the responses of ecosystem carbon balance to drought, especially for tropical vegetation. The effects of extreme precipitation on the carbon cycle vary across different regions. In general, extreme precipitation enhances carbon accumulation in arid ecosystems, but restrains carbon sequestration in moist ecosystems. However, current knowledge on the indirect effects of extreme precipitation on the carbon cycle through regulating processes such as soil carbon lateral transportation and nutrient loss is still limited. This knowledge gap has caused large uncertainties in assessing the total carbon cycle impact of extreme precipitation. Extreme hot and extreme cold can affect the terrestrial carbon cycle through various ecosystem processes. Note that the severity of such climate extremes depends greatly on their timing, which needs to be investigated thoroughly in future studies. In light of current knowledge and gaps in the understanding of how extreme climates affect the terrestrial carbon cycle, we strongly recommend that future studies should place more attention on the long-term impacts and on the driving mechanisms at different time scales.Studies based on multi-source data, methods and across multiple spatial-temporal scales, are also necessary to better characterize the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate extremes. | Shilong PIAO Xinping ZHANG Anping CHEN Qiang LIU Xu LIAN Xuhui WANG Shushi PENG Xiuchen WU | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，10： | 16 |
| 2 | OsSPL18 controls grain weight and grain number in rice显示文摘Grain weight and grain number are two important traits directly determining grain yield in rice. To date,a lot of genes related to grain weight and grain number have been identified; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying these genes remains largely unknown. In this study, we studied the biological function of OsSPL18 during grain and panicle development in rice. Knockout (KO) mutants of OsSPL18exhibited reduced grain width and thickness, panicle length and grain number, but increased tiller number. Cytological analysis showed that OsSPL18 regulates the development of spikelet hulls by affecting cell proliferation. qRT-PCR and GUS staining analyses showed that OsSPL18 was highly expressed in developing young panicles and young spikelet hulls, in agreement with its function in regulating grain and panicle development. Transcriptional activation experiments indicated that OsSPL18is a functional transcription factor with activation domains in both the N-terminus and C-terminus, and both activation domains are indispensable for its biological functions. Quantitative expression analysis showed that DEP1, a major grain number regulator, was significantly down-regulated in OsSPL18 KO lines.Both yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase (LUC) assays showed that OsSPL18 could bind to the DEP1promoter, suggesting that OsSPL18 regulates panicle development by positively regulating the expression of DEP1. Sequence analysis showed that OsSPL18 contains the OsmiR156k complementary sequence in the third exon; 5?RLM-RACE experiments indicated that OsSPL18 could be cleaved by OsmiR156k. Taken together, our results uncovered a new OsmiR156k-OsSPL18-DEP1 pathway regulating grain number in rice. | Hua Yuan Peng Qin Li Hu Shijie Zhan Shifu Wang Peng Gao Jing Li Mengya Jin Zhengyan Xu Qiang Gao Anping Du Bin Tu Weilan Chen Bingtian Ma Yuping Wang Shigui Li | 2019 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2019，46，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Allele-defined genome reveals biallelic differentiation during cassava evolution显示文摘Dear Editor,Generation of heterozygous genomes by hybridization between or within species can help maintain plant diversity and serve as a potential source of new species(Baek et al.,2018).Moreover,genomic heterozygosity is associated with genomic coadaptation,developmental stability,and heterosis.Accurate definition of alleles in haplotypes is necessary to precisely characterize allelic variation controlling agriculturally important traits(Shi et al.,2019).Currently,most released genomes have mosaic assembly of haplotypes due to random selection or collapse of alleles during genome assembly(Shi et al.,2019),which masked allelic variation and functional differentiation of divergent alleles in heterozygous species. | Wei Hu Changmian Ji Haitao shi Zhe Liang Zehong Ding Jianqiu Ye Wenjun Ou Gang Zhou Weiwei Tie Yan Yan Jinghao Yang Xiaoying Yang Yunxie Wei Zhiqiang Jin Jianghui Xie Ming Peng Wenquan Wang Anping Guo Biyu Xu Jianchun Guo Songbi Chen Liming Ma Mingcheng Wang Yang Zhou Xiaolong Li Ruoxi Li Siyi Guo Xinhui Xiao Zhongqing Wan Feifei An Jie Zhang Qingyun Leng Yin Li Ray Ming Kaimian Li | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，6： | 8 |
| 4 | Approaching 18%efficiency of ternary organic photovoltaics with wide bandgap polymer donor and well compatible Y6:Y6-1O as acceptor显示文摘A series of ternary organic photovoltaics(OPVs)are fabricated with one wide bandgap polymer D18-Cl as donor,and well compatible Y6 and Y6-1O as acceptor.The open-circuit-voltage(V_(OC))of ternary OPVs is monotonously increased along with the incorporation of Y6-1O,indicating that the alloy state should be formed between Y6 and Y6-1O due to their excellent compatibility.The energy loss can be minimized by incorporating Y6-1 O,leading to the V_(OC)improvement of ternary OPVs.By finely adjusting the Y6-1O content,a power conversion efficiency of 17.91%is achieved in the optimal ternary OPVs with 30 wt%Y6-1O in acceptors,resulting from synchronously improved short-circuit-current density(JSC)of 25.87 mA cm^(-2),fill factor(FF)of 76.92%and V_(OC)of 0.900 V in comparison with those of D18-Cl:Y6 binary OPVs.The JSC and FF improvement of ternary OPVs should be ascribed to comprehensively optimal photon harvesting,exciton dissociation and charge transport in ternary active layers.The more efficient charge separation and transport process in ternary active layers can be confirmed by the magnetophotocurrent and impedance spectroscopy experimental results,respectively.This work provides new insight into constructing highly efficient ternary OPVs with well compatible Y6 and its derivative as acceptor. | Xiaoling Ma Anping Zeng Jinhua Gao Zhenghao Hu Chunyu Xu Jae Hoon Son Sang Young Jeong Caixia Zhang Mengyang Li Kai Wang He Yan Zaifei Ma Yongsheng Wang Han Young Woo Fujun Zhang | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，8： | 3 |
| 5 | Phenotypic and functional characteristic of a newly dentified CDS+Foxp3-CDI03+ regulatory T cells显示文摘 | Ya Liu Qin Lan Ling Lu Maogen Chen Zanxian Xia Jilin Ma Julie Wang Huimin Fan Yi Shen Bernhard Ryffel David Brand Francisco Quismorio Zhongmin Liu David A. Horwitz Anping Xu Song Guo Zheng | 2014 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2014，8，1： | 2 |
| 6 | GENERALIZED SIMULATION MODEL FOR MILLED SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY-APPLICATION TO PERIPHERAL MILLING显示文摘Based on analyzing various factors influencing milled surface topography, firstly, a generalized model for milled surface topography is proposed. Secondly, using the principles of transformation matrix and vector operation, the trajectory equation of cutting edge relative to workpiece is derived. Then, a three dimensional topography simulation algorithm is constructed through dividing the workpiece into regular grids. Finally, taking the peripheral milling process as an example, the generalized model is simplified, and the corresponding simulation examples are given. The results indicate that it is very efficient for the generalized model to be used to analyze and simulate the peripherally milled surface topography. | Xu Anping Qu Yunxia Li Weimin School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology Zhang Dawei Huang Tian Tianjin University | 2001 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2001，14，2： | 2 |
| 7 | Upregulation of MicroRNA-107 induces proliferation in human gastric cancer cells by targeting the transcription factor FOXO1显示文摘 | Fan Li Baohua Liu Yu Gao Yuliang Liu Yu Xu Weidong Tong Anping Zhang | 2013 | FEBS Letters2013，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Simulation and experimental investigation of the end milling process considering the cutter flexibility 显示文摘 | Xu Anping Qu Yunxia Zhang Dawei | 2003 | Int J Mach Tools Manufacture2003，43，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Soil erodibility and its estimation for agricultural soils in China显示文摘 | Zhang Keli Shu Anping Xu Xianli | 2008 | Jour- nal of Arid Environments2008，72，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Dual-phase materials extrusion process for rapid fabrication of ceramic dental crown 显示文摘 | Zhu Dongbin Xu Anping | 2010 | Advanced Materials Research2010，97，101： | 1 |
| 11 | Functionalized bio-artifact fabricated via selective slurry extrusion, part 1: preparation of slurry containing tourmaline superfine powders 显示文摘 | Zhu Dongbin Xu Anping Qu Yunxia | 2011 | Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology2011，，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Equal distance offset approach to representing and process planning for solid freeform fabrication of functionally graded materials 显示文摘 | Xu Anping Shaw Leon L | 2005 | Computer-AidedDesign2005，37，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Folded silicon resonant accelerometer with temperature compensation 显示文摘 | He Lin Xu Yongping Qiu Anping | 2004 | Proceed- ings of lEEE Sensor2004，1，： | 1 |
| 14 | A High Precision and Realtime Physics-Based Hand Interaction for Virtual Instrument Experiment显示文摘 | Xu Han Ning Zhou Xinyan Gao Anping He | 2018 | 国际计算机前沿大会会议论文集2018，，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Characteristics ofβ-type Ti-41Nb alloy produced by laser powder bed fusion:Microstructure,mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility显示文摘Aβ-type Ti-41 Nb alloy with high relative density has been successfully fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(L-PBF)using pre-alloyed powders for potential implant application.The homogeneous microstructure can be achieved in L-PBF fabricated(L-PBFed)Ti-41 Nb alloy but slight composition segregation was detected along molten pool boundaries.The L-PBFed alloy was dominated by typical epitaxial columnar grains with strong(001)grain orientation along building direction(BD),and cellular structure was distinguished within the columnar grains.The main reasons for this microstructure can be attributed to effective thermal gradient and epitaxial growth.L-PBFed alloy exhibited higher mechanical strength compared with cold rolling plus annealing(CRA)alloy due to the finer grains,dislocations accumulation and different TRIP behaviors,accompanied by good ductility.It also exhibited much lower thermal conductivity and better hydrophilic feature than those of CP-Ti.Besides,the L-PBFed alloy exhibited slightly better cell spread and cell proliferation rates compared with CP-Ti.Moreover,L-PBFed alloy presented better alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities and extracellular matrix(ECM)mineralization,which suggests that the L-PBFed alloy can stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells.The Ti-41 Nb alloy,fabricated by L-PBF,reveals a good combination of mechanical properties,physicochemical properties and biocompatibility,exhibiting the great potential as the dental implant. | Zhongjie Li Jiajun Qiu Hao Xu Anping Dong Lin He Guoliang Zhu Dafan Du Hui Xing Xuanyong Liu Baode Sun | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，29： | 0 |
| 16 | Twelve-week study of moxa smoke: occupational exposure in female rats显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To assess the toxicity of moxa smoke in rats.METHODS: Forty-eight female Wister rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(n = 12/group) to simulate moxa smoke exposure in Chinese medicine clinics(CMCs): the control group, and three moxa-smoke exposed groups of PM10 mass concentrations 3-5, 7-9 and 27-30 mg/m^3, respectively.These concentrations were 1 ×, 2-3 ×, and 7-9 ×fold the concentrations found in CMCs. Exposures continued for 12 weeks(200 min/d, 5 d/week).RESULTS: No deaths were noted. After the exposure, the body weights, ratios of organ weight to body weight, urinary parameters, hematological parameters, clinical chemistry parameters and microscopic examinations revealed no obvious toxicity.CONCLUSION: Moxa smoke did not induce toxic effects in female rats in the study. These findings provide new evidence to the toxicity of moxa smoke. | Han Li Huang Chang Yang Jia Wang Lei Bai Hua Liu Juntian Jian Huang Liu Ping Lim MinYee Ju Dahong Lao Lixing Liu Changxi Zhao Baixiao Sun Wen Xu Anping Yang Xiuyan Zhang Cong He Rui | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，2： | 0 |
| 17 | Interannual variability and climatic sensitivity of global wildfire activity显示文摘Understanding historical wildfire variations and their environmental driving mechanisms is key to predicting and mitigating wildfires. However, current knowledge of climatic responses and regional contributions to the interannual variability (IAV) of global burned area remains limited. Using recent satellite-derived wildfire products and simulations from version v1.0 of the land component of the U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM land model [ELM] v1) driven by three different climate forcings, we investigated the burned area IAV and its climatic sensitivity globally and across nine biomes from 1997 to 2018. We found that 1) the ELM simulations generally agreed with the satellite observations in terms of the burned area IAV magnitudes, regional contributions, and covariations with climate factors, confirming the robustness of the ELM to the usage of different climate forcing sources;2) tropical savannas, tropical forests, and semi-arid grasslands near deserts were primary contributors to the global burned area IAV, collectively accounting for 71.7%–99.7% of the global wildfire IAV estimated by both the satellite observations and ELM simulations;3) precipitation was a major fire suppressing factor and dominated the global and regional burned area IAVs, and temperature and shortwave solar radiation were mostly positively related with burned area IAVs;and 4) noticeable local discrepancies between the ELM and remote-sensing results occurred in semi-arid grasslands, croplands, boreal forests, and wetlands, likely caused by uncertainties in the current ELM fire scheme and the imperfectly derived satellite observations. Our findings revealed the spatiotemporal diversity of wildfire variations, regional contributions and climatic responses, and provided new metrics for wildfire modeling, facilitating the wildfire prediction and management. | Rongyun TANG Jiafu MAO Mingzhou JIN Anping CHEN Yan YU Xiaoying SHI Yulong ZHANG Forrest M.HOFFMAN Min XU Yaoping WANG | 2021 | Advances in Climate Change Research2021，12，5： | 0 |
| 18 | THE MOLECULAR ALGORITHM OF CONNECTIVITY BASED ON THREE DIMENSIONAL DNA STRUCTURE显示文摘Inspired by the potential computational capability of 3-Dimensional (3D) DNA structure,this paper presents a graph structure constructed by k-armed (k = 3or 4) branched junction DNA molecules to explore the possibility of solving some intractable problems. In the proposed procedure,vertex building blocks consisting of 3,4-armed branched junction molecules are selectively used to form different graph structures. After separating these graph structures by gel electrophoresis,the connec-tivity of this graph can be determined. Furthermore,the amount of potential solutions can be reduced by a theorem of graph theory. | Fang Gang Zhang Shemin Zheng Anping Xu Jin | 2007 | Journal of Electronics(China)2007，24，1： | 0 |
| 19 | Global variations in critical drought thresholds that impact vegetation显示文摘Identifying the thresholds of drought that,if crossed,suppress vegetation functioning is vital for accurate quantification of how land ecosystems respond to climate variability and change.We present a globally applicable framework to identify drought thresholds for vegetation responses to different levels of known soil-moisture deficits using four remotely sensed vegetation proxies spanning 2001-2018.The thresholds identified represent critical inflection points for changing vegetation responses from highly resistant to highly vulnerable in response to drought stress,and as a warning signal for substantial vegetation impacts.Drought thresholds varied geographically,with much lower percentiles of soil-moisture anomalies in vegetated areas covered by more forests,corresponding to a comparably stronger capacity to mitigate soil water deficit stress in forested ecosystems.Generally,those lower thresholds are detected in more humid climates.State-of-the-art land models,however,overestimated thresholds of soil moisture(i.e.overestimating drought impacts),especially in more humid areas with higher forest covers and arid areas with few forest covers.Based on climate model projections,we predict that the risk of vegetation damage will increase by the end of the twenty-first century in some hotspots like East Asia,Europe,Amazon,southern Australia and eastern and southern Africa.Our data-based results will inform projections on future drought impacts on terrestrial ecosystems and provide an effective tool for drought management. | Xiangyi Li Shilong Piao Chris Huntingford Josep Peñuelas Hui Yang Hao Xu Anping Chen Pierre Friedlingstein Trevor F.Keenan Stephen Sitch Xuhui Wang Jakob Zscheischler Miguel D.Mahecha | 2023 | National Science Review2023，10，5： | 0 |
| 20 | Review of Low Carrier Ratio Converter System显示文摘With the rapid development of new energy power generation and high-power traction technology,the voltage and power levels of converter devices have been continuously improved,and the application of high-power converters is becoming increasingly widespread.However,high-power converters are affected by switching losses and heat dissipation,meaning they are not suitable for high carrier conditions.Therefore,research of low carrier ratio converter systems has received increased attention.Based on existing research,the problems of large current harmonics,low observation accuracy,and poor stability that may occur at low carrier ratios are explained.In addition,the topologies,modulation strategies,and control methods of the low carrier ratio converter system are analyzed and classified.Finally,future research directions of low carrier ratio converter systems are proposed. | Mai Xu Yang Zhang Da Luo Anping Shen | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering2021，7，1： | 0 |
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