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| 1 | Three-year changes of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in a semiarid area显示文摘Diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of surface albedo of degraded grassland and cropland surfaces at a semiarid area of Tognyu have been investigated based on the continuous three years observational data from 2003 to 2005. The changes of surface albedo with solar elevation angle and soil moisture have been discussed also. It has been found that surface albedo has almost the same diurnal and seasonal variations on degraded grassland and cropland surfaces in the semiarid area, while sur- face albedo is large in winter and small in summer. The diurnal variation of the surface albedo has re- lationship with the weather condition. The diurnal cycle of the surface albedo likes the 'U' shape curve in sunny day, while it is low-high after the rain, and high-low after the snow. The surface albedo has large variation in cloudy day, while it has no any variation in overcast day. The large difference of the surface albedo can be 0.04 in winter between two land surfaces, because the snow has large effects on the surface albedo in winter. The rainfall is an important factor in summer on the surface albedo, while the difference of the surface albedo is 0.01 only between two land surfaces. The differences of the surface albedo can also be 0.04 in autumn due to vegetation growing. The seasonal-average surface albeo from 2003―2005 is 0.25, 0.22, 0.24, 0.32 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the degraded grassland surface,while it is 0.25, 0.21, 0.22, 0.33 respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter on the cropland surface. The surface albedo becomes smaller with the increase of solar elevation angle. When the solar elevation angle is greater than 40°, the surface albedo changes very little and tends to be a constant. The surface albedo has negative exponent functions with soil moisture in the growing season. | LIU HuiZhi1↑, TU Gang2,3 & DONG WenJie4 1 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chi- nese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 2 Laboratory of Research for Middle-High Latitude Circulation System and East Asia Monsoon, China Meteorological Administration, Changchun 130062, China 3 Institute of Meteorological Science of Jilin Province, Changchun 130062, China 4 National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，8： | 14 |
| 2 | Detection and characterization of diverse alpha-and betacoronaviruses from bats in China显示文摘Bats have been implicated as important reservoir hosts of alpha- and betacoronaviruses. In this study, diverse coronaviruses(CoVs) were detected in 50 of 951(positive rate 5.3%) intestinal specimens of eight bat species collected in four provinces and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China by pan-coronavirus RT-PCR screening. Based on 400-nt RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(Rd RP) sequence analysis, eight belonged to genus Alphacoronavirus and 42 to Betacoronavirus.Among the 50 positive specimens, thirteen gave rise to CoV full-length Rd RP gene amplification for further sequence comparison, of which three divergent sequences(two from a unreported province) were subjected to full genome sequencing. Two complete genomes of betacoronaviruses(JTMC15 and JPDB144) and one nearly-complete genome of alphacoronavirus(JTAC2) were sequenced and their genomic organization predicted. The present study has identified additional numbers of genetically diverse bat-borne coronaviruses with a wide distribution in China. Two new species of bat CoV, identified through sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, are proposed. | Lin Xu Fuqiang Zhang Weihong Yang Tinglei Jiang Guanjun Lu Biao He Xingyu Li Tingsong Hu Gang Chen Yun Feng Yuzhen Zhang Quanshui Fan Jiang Feng Hailin Zhang Changchun Tu | 2016 | Virologica Sinica2016，31，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Challenges and needs for China to eliminate rabies显示文摘In China,rabies is a significant public health concern where dogs remain the main reservoir of disease transmission to humans;rabies-related mortality ranks second in the world.We compiled all published articles and official documents on rabies in China's Mainland to examine challenges and needs to eliminate rabies in the country.The Chinese authorities have identified rabies as a priority,recognized rabies control in dogs as key to control rabies in humans and required intersectoral collaborations.Efforts have been made to respond effectively to the latest re-emergence of rabies,which peaked in 2007 with>3,300 cases.Despite these outcomes and the increasing volume of publications and regulations in the recent years,our review points to some major information gaps to improve rabies control activities and envisage elimination program.An emphasis on laboratory or pathogen-associated and basic epidemiology research in the literature has contrasted with the absence of information to monitor various systems in humans and animals(e.g.quality of surveillance,response and post-exposure prophylaxis).Information is also lacking to appropriately inform policymakers(e.g.economic disease burden,impact of policies)and assist program managers(e.g.comprehensive and strategic guidance for cost-effective prevention and control activities,public education and dog population management).In conclusion,strategic planning is needed to provide a sense of direction,demonstrate feasibility of elimination in China,and develop a research agenda,addressing country’s operational needs and constraints.The planning should be a multisectoral effort. | Wenwu Yin Jie Dong Changchun Tu John Edwards Fusheng Guo Hang Zhou Hongjie Yu Sirenda Vong | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Epidemiology of Animal Rabies—China,2010–2020显示文摘Introduction:Rabies is a fatal zoonotic infectious disease that poses a serious threat to public health in China.Since 2005,a National Animal Rabies Surveillance System has been operating to understand the rabies situation in animals in China with a view to control and eventually eliminate dog-mediated human rabies.Methods:From 2010,the brain tissues of dogs,livestock,and wild animals showing rabies-like clinical signs were collected and tested by the National Reference Laboratory(NRL)for Animal Rabies to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies,including animal species,geographic distribution,and transmission sources.Over the same period,clinically suspected animal rabies cases were collected by Animal Disease Control Centers through the National Animal Disease Monitoring Information Platform(NADMIP)and then reported in the Veterinary Bulletin.Results:During 2010–2020,170 of 212 suspected animal rabies cases were submitted to and confirmed by NRL as rabies virus-positive.Of these confirmed cases dogs,especially free-roaming and ownerless dogs in rural areas,were major transmission hosts(71/170).A total of 51 infected dogs attacked humans with 45 biting more than one person.The dog cases were reported all year round,but with significantly more in spring and summer.The majority of livestock rabies cases(70/80)being caused by rabid wild foxes in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia revealed that foxes play a pivotal role in animal rabies epizootics in the north and northwest of the country.Conclusion:Dogs were the main transmission sources of rabies in China,and along with the recent increase of rabies in foxes and other wildlife,presented an increasing threat to livestock and public health. | Ye Feng Jihong Ma Sheng Sun Lijuan Chi Zhanying Kou Changchun Tu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，39： | 3 |
| 5 | Detection and Characterization of a Novel Norovirus in Bats,China显示文摘Dear Editor,Noroviruses(No Vs)are second only to the rotaviruses as etiologic agents of acute fulminant gastroenteritis in infants and young children worldwide,with an estimated 200,000deaths per year in children younger than 5 years of age in developing countries(Patel et al.2008).No Vs are classified within the genus Norovirus of the family Caliciviridae with Norwalk virus as its prototype member(ICTV 2017).The virions are small(38–40 nm in diameter)nonenveloped,with an icosahedral capsidanda linear,positive- | Ling'en Yang Quanxi Wang Lin Xu Changchun Tu Xiaohong Huang Biao He | 2018 | Virologica Sinica2018，33，1： | 2 |
| 6 | In vitro inhibition of CSFV replication by multiple siRNA expression显示文摘 | Jiangnan Li Yajuan Dai Shuai Liu Huancheng Guo Tiedong Wang Hongsheng Ouyang Changchun Tu | 2011 | Antiviral Research2011，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | In vitro inhibition of CSFV replication by retroviral vector-mediated RNA interference显示文摘 | Jiangnan Li Huancheng Guo Zixue Shi Changchun Tu | 2010 | Journal of Virological Methods2010，，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji Lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Research2001，，81： | 1 |
| 9 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji Lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Research2001，81，： | 1 |
| 10 | Effect of lanthanum ions on tRNA^(Phe) structure: Imino proton NMR spectroscopy显示文摘The effect of lanthanum ions on the structural and conformational change of yeast tRNA Phe was studied by 1H NMR. The results suggest that the tertiary base pair (G-15)(C-48), which was located in the terminal in the augmented dihydrouridine helix (D-helix), was markedly affected by adding La 3+ and shifted 0.33 downfield. Based pair (U-8)(A-14), which is associated with a tertiary interaction, links the base of the acceptor stem to the D-stem and anchors the elbow of the L structure, shifted 0.20 upfield. Another imino proton that may be affected by La 3+ in tRNA Phe is the tertiary base pair (G-19)(C-56). The assignment of this resonance is tentative since it is located in the region of highly overlapping resonances between 12.6 and 12.2. This base pair helps to anchor the D-loop to the TΨC loop. | TU Huamin 1, WU Yijie 2, YANG Yansheng 1*, GONG Menglian 1 and ZHANG Hongjie 2 1. Department of Chemistry, Zhongshan University, Guangzhou 510275, China 2. Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Phylogenefic Comparison of Classical Swine Fever Virus in China 显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji Lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Res2001，81，12： | 1 |
| 12 | DNA-mediated protection against classical swine fever virus显示文摘 | Yu Xinglong Tu Changchun Li Hongwei | 2001 | Vaccine2001，19，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Tu Changchun Lu Zongji Li Hongwei | 2001 | Virus Research2001，81，： | 1 |
| 14 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji Lu Hongwei Li Xinglong Yu Xiangtao Liu Yuehong Li Hongyong Zhang Zhen Yin | 2001 | Virus Research2001，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongii Lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Research2001，81，： | 1 |
| 16 | DNA-mediated protection against Classical Swine Fever Virus 显示文摘 | Xinglong Yu Changchun Tu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Vaccine2001，19，1112： | 1 |
| 17 | Phylogenetic comparison of classical swine fever virus in China显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Res2001，81，： | 1 |
| 18 | DNA-mediated protection against classical swine fever virus 显示文摘 | Yu Xinglong Tu Changchun Li Hongwei | 2001 | Vaccine2001，19，： | 1 |
| 19 | Phylogenefic Comparison of Classical Swine Fever Virus in China 显示文摘 | Changchun Tu Zongji Lu Hongwei Li | 2001 | Virus Research2001，81，： | 1 |
| 20 | Classical swine fever virus NS5A protein antagonizes innate immune response by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling显示文摘The NS5A non-structural protein of classical swine fever virus(CSFV)is a multifunctional protein involved in viral genomic replication,protein translation,assembly of infectious virus particles,and regulation of cellular signaling pathways.Previous report showed that NS5A inhibited nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling induced by poly(I:C);however,the mechanism involved has not been elucidated.Here,we reported that NS5A directly interacted with NF-κB essential modulator(NEMO),a regulatory subunit of the IκB kinase(IKK)complex,to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway.Further investigations showed that the zinc finger domain of NEMO and the aa 126–250 segment of NS5A are essential for the interaction between NEMO and NS5A.Mechanistic analysis revealed that NS5A mediated the proteasomal degradation of NEMO.Ubiquitination assay showed that NS5A induced the K27-linked but not the K48-linked polyubiquitination of NEMO for proteasomal degradation.In addition,NS5A blocked the K63-linked polyubiquitination of NEMO,thus inhibiting IKK phosphorylation,IκBαdegradation,and NF-κB activation.These findings revealed a novel mechanism by which CSFV inhibits host innate immunity,which might guide the drug design against CSFV in the future. | Jinfu Sun Jiaying Li Liming Li Haixiao Yu Ping Ma Yingnan Wang Jinqi Zhu Zezhong Feng Changchun Tu | 2023 | Virologica Sinica2023，38，6： | 0 |
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