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| 1 | Genetic effects conferring heat tolerance in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)显示文摘Background:Climate change and particularly global warming has emerged as an alarming threat to the crop productivity of field crops and exerted drastic effects on the cropping patterns.Production of cotton has been dropped down to one million bales from 1.4 million bales since 2015 in Pakistan due to the increase in temperature at critical growth stages,i.e.,flowering and boll formation.Keeping in view the importance of cotton in the country,this study was conducted to investigate the genetic effects conferring heat tolerance in six populations(P1,P2,F1,F2,BC1 and BC2)developed from cross-1 and cross-2,i.e.,VH-282×FH-142 and DNH-40×VH-259.Results:The results revealed that cross-1 performed better in heat stress as compared with cross-2 for majority of the traits recorded.Boll weight and ginning outturn(GO-T)were highly effected under heat stress and had negative correlation with Relative cell injury(RCI).Boll weight,fiber length,fiber strength and fiber fineness were under the control of non-additive gene action,whereas RCI was controlled by additive gene effects.Lower values of genetic advance coupled with higher values of broad sense heritability for these traits except RCI confirmed the role of non-additive genetic effects.Duplicate types of epistasis were recorded for fiber strength in cross-1 in normal condition.However,complementary type of non-allelic interaction was recorded for fiber strength under normal condition,fiber fineness and RCI under heat stressed condition in cross-1.Likewise,boll weight,GOT and fiber length in populations derived from cross-2 in normal condition were also under the influence of complementary type of non-allelic interaction.Significant differences among values of mid parent and better parent heterosis for boll weight in both normal and heat stress condition provided the opportunity to cotton breeders for utilization of this germplasm for improvement of this trait through exploitation of heterosis breeding.Conclusion:Cross-1 performed better in heat stress and could be utilized for development of heat tolerant cultivar.RCI was under the influence of additive gene action,so one can rely on this trait for screening of large number of accessions of cotton for heat stress.While other traits were predominantly controlled by non-additive gene action and selection based on these should be delayed in later generations. | SALMAN Muhammad ZIA Zia Ullah RANA Iqrar Ahmad MAQSOOD Rana Haroon AHMAD Saghir BAKHSH Ali AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2019 | Journal of Cotton Research2019，2，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Role of SNPs in determining QTLs for major traits in cotton显示文摘A single nucleotide polymorphism is the simplest form of genetic variation among individuals and can induce minor changes in phenotypic,physiological and biochemical characteristics.This polymorphism induces various mutations that alter the sequence of a gene which can lead to observed changes in amino acids.Several assays have been developed for identification and validation of these markers.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages but genotyping by sequencing is the most common and most widely used assay.These markers are also associated with several desirable traits like yield,fibre quality,boll size and genes respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in cotton.Changes in yield related traits are of interest to plant breeders.Numerous quantitative trait loci with novel functions have been identified in cotton by using these markers.This information can be used for crop improvement through molecular breeding approaches.In this review,we discuss the identification of these markers and their effects on gene function of economically important traits in cotton. | MAJEED Sajid RANA Iqrar Ahmad ATIF Rana Muhammad ALI Zulfiqar HINZE Lori AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2019 | Journal of Cotton Research2019，2，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Heritability and correlation analysis of morphological and yield traits in genetically modified cotton显示文摘Background:Cotton is known for fiber extraction and it is grown in tropical and sub-tropical areas of the world due to having hot weather.Cotton crop has a significant role in GDP of Pakistan.Therefore,the two-years research was conducted to estimate heritability and association among various yield contributing parameters of cotton,i.e.,plant height,number of bolls per plant,number of sympodial branches per plant,seed cotton yield,boll weight,seed index,ginning outturn(GOT),fiber length,fiber strength,and fiber fineness.Results:Association analysis revealed that seed cotton yield had a significant positive correlation with plant height,number of bolls per plant,number of sympodial branches per plant,GOT,staple length and fiber strength.Staple length and fiber strength were negatively linked with each other.Estimates of heritability were high for all of the traits except the number of sympodial branches per plant and boll weight.Conclusion:The parent IUB-222 was found to be the best for plant height,the number of bolls per plant,boll weight,GOT,seed cotton yield,and seed index.The genotypes namely,NIAB-414 and VH-367 were identified as the best parents for fiber length,strength,and fineness.Among the crosses NIAB-414×IUB-222 was the best for the number of bolls per plant,seed index,seed cotton yield and fiber fineness,whereas,the cross of NIAB-414×CIM-632 was good for plant height.The combination of A555×CIM-632 was the best for the number of sympodial branches per plant,boll weight,fiber length,and strength,and VH-367×CIM-632 proved the best for GOT. | REHMAN Abdul MUSTAFA Nida DU Xiongming AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2020 | Journal of Cotton Research2020，3，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Nutritional and medicinal aspects of coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.): A review显示文摘 | Muhammad Nadeem Faqir Muhammad Anjum Muhammad Issa Khan Saima Tehseen Ahmed El-Ghorab Javed Iqbal Sultan | 2013 | British Food Journal2013，，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Morphology and features of Cambrian oncoids and responses to palaeogeography of the North China Platform显示文摘The Cambrian strata in the North China Platform are fully exposed. A wide variety of carbonate oncoids with different shapes occur in the Xuzhuang and Zhangxia formations(Miaolingian Series) from six Cambrian sections in the study area. A comprehensive study involving outcrop description, microscopic observation, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), X-ray diffraction(XRD), and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis is conducted to determine the facies, morphology, internal structure, and geochemical properties of the oncoids. The oncoids are divided into six types based on their morphology and internal structure.Microscopic and ultrastructural observations reveal typical microbial fossils(Girvanella) and microbially-related sediments(framboidal pyrite), indicating the biogenicity of the oncoids. Additionally, the XRD and carbon and oxygen isotope analysis results suggest that the formational environments of these oncoids are different due to terrestrial influences. Statistical data on the oncoids from the six sections show that there are obvious differences in the types of oncoids and the proportions of different varieties in each section. The spatial differences in the oncoid morphologies are associated with different palaeogeographic settings. The rough oncoid growth patterns developed in nearshore environments were influenced by terrigenous debris and steep terrain, whereas the delicate oncoid growth patterns developed in offshore environments were less affected by terrestrial factors and were featured by more stable depositional processes related to microbial mats. | En-Zhao Xiao Ming-Xiang Mei Shu Jiang Tehseen Zafar | 2020 | Journal of Palaeogeography2020，9，2： | 1 |
| 6 | 利用CRISPR/Cas9系统构建水稻OsSUTs基因敲除株系显示文摘蔗糖转运效率直接影响着水稻籽粒淀粉积累,进而影响水稻产量。目前已报道协调蔗糖转运速率的水稻蔗糖转运蛋白家族(OsSUTs)主要成员有5个基因,而且基因间存在相互促进或抑制的复杂关系,但对于它们间的互作作用机理尚不明晰。因此本研究根据水稻5个OsSUTs基因的序列信息,分别设计出靶标位点,并成功构建了相应的CRISPR/Cas9载体,通过转基因技术获得5个OsSUT基因的阳性敲除苗。研究结果为探究Os SUT基因的分子功能及其调节关系提供了良好材料。 | 杨宏 陈进 张春龙 Khadija Tehseen Arshad 李秋平 王拓 文建成 李丹丹 | 2022 | 分子植物育种2022，20，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Trace element geochemistry and stable isotopic(δ^(13)C andδ^(15)N)records of the Paleocene coals,Salt Range,Punjab,Pakistan显示文摘The Paleocene coals of the Salt Range in the Punjab Province of Pakistan have great economic potential;however,their trace element and stable isotopic characteristics have not been studied in detail except for a few sporadic samples.In this study,a total of 59 coal samples of which 14 are obtained from open cast mines have been investigated for elemental composition andδ^(13)C-δ^(15)N isotopic signatures.Average contents of trace elements such as Co,Cr,Cu,Pb,Sr,Th,U,V,and Zn are 7.4,41.7,11.2,12.5,90.2,4.0,1.9,128,and 31.1 mg/kg,respectively.These values,when compared with the World Coal Clarke values,were relatively higher in low-rank coals in comparison with Clarke values for brown coals.Likewise,As(20.4 mg/kg),Co(6.6 mg/kg),Cr(22.4 mg/kg),Cu(^(13).3 mg/kg),Pb(19.2 mg/kg),Sr(^(15)4.7 mg/kg),Th(2.5 mg/kg),V(47.8 mg/kg),and Zn(75.1 mg/kg)were significantly higher in the sub-bituminous to bituminous coals of the Salt Range.Mineralogical analysis,based on X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,revealed that the studied samples contain illite,kaolinite calcite,gypsum,pyrite,and quartz.Elemental affinity with organic and inorganic phases of coals calculated by an indirect statistical approach indicated a positive association of ash content with Ag,Al,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Mn,P,Rb,Pb,Th,U,and V,suggesting the presence of inorganic components in studied coals.However,As,Fe,Sr,and Zn exhibit negative correlations that imply their association with the organic fraction.Theδ^(13)C andδ^(15)N isotopic range and average−24.94‰to−25.86‰(−25.41‰)and−2.77‰to 3.22‰(0.96‰),respectively,reflecting 3C type modern terrestrial vegetation were common in the palaeomires of studied coal seams.In addition,the trivial variations of 0.92‰and 0.45‰among^(13)C and^(15)N values can be attributed to water level fluctuations and plant assemblies. | Noshin Masood Tehseen Zafar Karen A.Hudson-Edwards Hafiz U.Rehman Abida Farooqi | 2022 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2022，32，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Genetics of biochemical attributes regulating morpho-physiology of upland cotton under high temperature conditions显示文摘Background Cotton is a strategically important fibre crop for global textile industry.It profoundly impacts several countries’industrial and agricultural sectors.Sustainable cotton production is continuously threatened by the unpre-dictable changes in climate,specifically high temperatures.Breeding heat-tolerant,high-yielding cotton cultivars with wide adaptability to be grown in the regions with rising temperatures is one of the primary objectives of modern cotton breeding programmes.Therefore,the main objective of the current study is to figure out the effective breed-ing approach to imparting heat tolerance as well as the judicious utilization of commercially significant and stress-tolerant attributes in cotton breeding.Initially,the two most notable heat-susceptible(FH-115 and NIAB Kiran)and tolerant(IUB-13 and GH-Mubarak)cotton cultivars were spotted to develop filial and backcross populations to accom-plish the preceding study objectives.The heat tolerant cultivars were screened on the basis of various morphological(seed cotton yield per plant,ginning turnout percentage),physiological(pollen viability,cell membrane thermostabil-ity)and biochemical(peroxidase activity,proline content,hydrogen peroxide content)parameters.Results The results clearly exhibited that heat stress consequently had a detrimental impact on every studied plant trait,as revealed by the ability of crossing and their backcross populations to tolerate high temperatures.However,when considering overall yield,biochemical,and physiological traits,the IUB-13×FH-115 cross went over particularly well at both normal and high temperature conditions.Moreover,overall seed cotton yield per plant exhibited a posi-tive correlation with both pollen viability and antioxidant levels(POD activity and proline content).Conclusions Selection from segregation population and criteria involving pollen viability and antioxidant levels concluded to be an effective strategy for the screening of heat-tolerant cotton germplasms.Therefore,understanding acquired from this study can assist breeders identifying traits that should be prioritized in order to develop climate resilient cotton cultivars. | MAJEED Sajid CHAUDHARY Muhammad Tanees MUBARIK Muhammad Salman RANA Iqrar Ahmad SHABAN Muhammad TAN Daniel KY JIA Yinhua DU Xiongming HINZE Lori AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2024 | Journal of Cotton Research2024，7，1： | 0 |
| 9 | Comparative analysis of SIMILAR to RCD ONE(SRO)family from tetraploid cotton species and their diploid progenitors depict their significance in cotton growth and development显示文摘Background SRO(Similar to RCD1)genes family is largely recognized for their importance in the growth,develop-ment,and in responding to environmental stresses.However,genome-wide identification and functional characteri-zation of SRO genes from cotton species have not been reported so far.Results A total of 36 SRO genes were identified from four cotton species.Phylogenetic analysis divided these genes into three groups with distinct structure.Syntenic and chromosomal distribution analysis indicated uneven distribu-tion of GaSRO,GrSRO,GhSRO,and GbSRO genes on A2,D5 genomes,Gh-At,Gh-Dt,Gb-At,and Gb-Dt subgenomes,respectively.Gene duplication analysis revealed the presence of six duplicated gene pairs among GhSRO genes.In promoter analysis,several elements responsive to the growth,development and hormones were found in GhSRO genes,implying gene induction during cotton growth and development.Several miRNAs responsive to plant growth and abiotic stress were predicted to target 12 GhSRO genes.Organ-specific expression profiling demonstrated the roles of GhSRO genes in one or more tissues.In addition,specific expression pattern of some GhSRO genes dur-ing ovule development depicted their involvement in these developmental processes.Conclusion The data presented in this report laid a foundation for understanding the classification and functions of SRO genes in cotton. | SHABAN Muhammad TABASSUM Riaz RANA Iqrar Ahmad ATIF Rana Muhammad AZMAT Muhammad Abubakkar IQBAL Zubair MAJEED Sajid AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2024 | Journal of Cotton Research2024，7，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Growth, yield and fiber quality characteristics of Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars in response to boron nutrition显示文摘Background Boron(B)deficiency is an important factor for poor seed cotton yield and fiber quality.However,it is often missing in the plant nutrition program,particularly in developing countries.The current study investigated B’s effect on growth,yield,and fiber quality of Bt(CIM-663)and non-Bt(Cyto-124)cotton cultivars.The experimental plan consisted of twelve treatments:Control(CK);B at 1 mg·kg^(−1) soil application(SB1);2 mg·kg^(−1) B(SB2);3 mg·kg^(−1) B(SB3);0.2%B foliar spray(FB1);0.4%B foliar spray(FB2);1 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB1+FB1);1 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB1+FB2);2 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB2+FB1);2 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB2+FB2);3 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.2%B foliar spray(SB3+FB1);3 mg·kg^(−1) B+0.4%B foliar spray(SB3+FB2).Each treat-ment has three replications,one pot having two plants per replication.Results B nutrition at all levels and methods of application significantly(P≤0.05)affected the growth,physiological,yield,and fiber quality characteristics of both cotton cultivars.However,SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray showed superiority over others,particularly in the non-Bt cultivar which responded better to B nutrition.Maxi-mum improvement in monopodial branches(345%),sympodial branches(143%),chlorophyll-a(177%),chlorophyll-b(194%),photosynthesis(169%),and ginning out turn(579%)in the non-Bt cultivar was found with SB2 compared with CK.In Bt cultivar,although no consistent trend was found but integrated use of SB3 with foliar spray performed relatively better for improving cotton growth compared with other treatments.Fiber quality characteristics in both cultivars were improved markedly but variably with different B treatments.Conclusion B nutrition with SB2 either alone or in combination with foliar spray was found optimum for improving cotton’s growth and yield characteristics. | MEHRAN Muhammad ASHRAF Muhammad SHAHZAD Sher Muhammad SHAKIR Muhammad Siddique AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen AHMAD Fiaz ALVI Alamgir | 2023 | Journal of Cotton Research2023，6，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Genome editing in cotton:challenges and opportunities显示文摘Cotton has enormous economic potential providing high-quality protein,oil,and fibre.A large increase in cotton output is necessary due to the world’s changing climate and constantly expanding human population.In the past,conventional breeding techniques were used to introduce genes into superior cotton cultivars to increase production and to improve quality.The disadvantages of traditional breeding techniques are their time-consuming,reliance on genetic differences that are already present,and considerable backcrossing.To accomplish goals in a short amount of time,contemporary plant breeding techniques,in particular modern genome editing technologies(GETs),can be used.Numerous crop improvement initiatives have made use of GETs,such as zinc-finger nucleases,transcription-activator-like effector nucleases,clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR),and CRISPR-associated proteins systems(CRISPR/Cas)-based technologies.The CRISPR/Cas system has a lot of potential because it combines three qualities that other GETs lack:simplicity,competence,and adaptability.The CRISPR/Cas mechanism can be used to improve cotton tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses,alter gene expression,and stack genes for critical features with little possibility of segregation.The transgene clean strategy improves CRISPR acceptability addressing regulatory issues associated with the genetically modified organisms(GMOs).The research opportunities for using the CRISPR/Cas system to address biotic and abiotic stresses,fibre quality,plant architecture and blooming,epigenetic changes,and gene stacking for commercially significant traits are highlighted in this article.Furthermore,challenges to use of CRISPR technology in cotton and its potential for the future are covered in detail. | KHAN Zulqurnain KHAN Sultan Habibullah AHMED Aftab IQBAL Muhammad Umar MUBARIK Muhammad Salman GHOURI Muhammad Zubair AHMAD Furqan YASEEN Saba ALI Zulfiqar KHAN Asif Ali AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen | 2023 | Journal of Cotton Research2023，6，1： | 0 |
| 12 | Enhanced imaging through turbid water based on quadrature lock-in discrimination and retinex aided by adaptive gamma function for illumination correction显示文摘This paper presents an improved method for imaging in turbid water by using the individual strengths of the quadrature lock-in discrimination(QLD)method and the retinex method.At first,the high-speed QLD is performed on images,aiming at capturing the ballistic photons.Then,we perform the retinex image enhancement on the QLD-processed images to enhance the contrast of the image.Next,the effect of uneven illumination is suppressed by using the bilateral gamma function for adaptive illumination correction.The experimental results depict that the proposed approach achieves better enhancement than the existing approaches,even in a high-turbidity environment. | Riffat Tehseen Amjad Ali Mithilesh Mane 葛文敏 李燕龙 张泽君 徐敬 | 2023 | Chinese Optics Letters2023，21，10： | 0 |
| 13 | Identification and Cloning of Resistance Gene Analogues (RGAs) Encoding NBS-LRR Proteins from Gossypium arboreum L.显示文摘Plants have developed a complicated defense mechanism during evolution to resist the harmful pathogens they encountered.The mechanism involves the interaction of the plant resistance(R) | AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen BASHIR Aftab BRIDDON Rob W MANSOOR Shahid | 2008 | 棉花学报2008，20，S1： | 0 |
| 14 | A novel dual-functional layer exhibiting exceptional protection and photocatalytic activity by organic functionalization of plasma electrolyzed layer显示文摘The formation of inorganic-organic hybrids(IOH)on the metallic substrates would play a decisive role in improving their structural and functional features.In this work,the growth of organic coating(OC)consisting of coumarin-3-carboxylic acid(3-CCA)and albumin(ALB)on the inorganic layer(IC),produced by plasma electrolysis of AZ31 Mg alloy,led to enabling organically synergistic reactions on the porous inorganic surface,forming a flake-like structure sealing the structural defects of IC.Synergistic actions between OC and IC endow the flake-like structures with chemical protection and photocatalytic performance.Upon contact with a corrosive solution,the IOH layer possesses stable morphologies that delay the corrosive degradation of the whole structure.The electrochemical stability of the sample produced by immersion IC in the organic solution for 10 h(IOH2 sample)was superior to the other samples as it had the lowest corrosion current density(1.69×10^(−10)A·cm^(−2))and the highest top layer resistance(1.2×10^(7)Ω·cm^(2)).Moreover,the IOH layer can photodegrade the organic pollutants in model wastewater,where the highest photocatalytic efficiency of 99.47%was found in the IOH2 sample.Furthermore,computational calculations were performed to assess the relative activity of different parts of the ALB and 3-CCA structures,which provide helpful information into the formation mechanism of the IOH materials. | Mosab Kaseem Tehseen Zehra Burak Dikici Ali Dafali Arash Fattah-alhosseini | 2023 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2023，11，4： | 0 |
| 15 | Integrating a novel irrigation approximation method with a process-based remote sensing model to estimate multi-years'winter wheat yield over the North China Plain显示文摘Accurate estimation of regional winter wheat yields is essential for understanding the food production status and ensuring national food security.However,using the existing remote sensing-based crop yield models to accurately reproduce the inter-annual and spatial variations in winter wheat yields remains challenging due to the limited ability to acquire irrigation information in water-limited regions.Thus,we proposed a new approach to approximating irrigations of winter wheat over the North China Plain(NCP),where irrigation occurs extensively during the winter wheat growing season.This approach used irrigation pattern parameters(IPPs)to define the irrigation frequency and timing.Then,they were incorporated into a newly-developed process-based and remote sensing-driven crop yield model for winter wheat(PRYM–Wheat),to improve the regional estimates of winter wheat over the NCP.The IPPs were determined using statistical yield data of reference years(2010–2015)over the NCP.Our findings showed that PRYM–Wheat with the optimal IPPs could improve the regional estimate of winter wheat yield,with an increase and decrease in the correlation coefficient(R)and root mean square error(RMSE)of 0.15(about 37%)and 0.90 t ha–1(about 41%),respectively.The data in validation years(2001–2009 and 2016–2019)were used to validate PRYM–Wheat.In addition,our findings also showed R(RMSE)of 0.80(0.62 t ha–1)on a site level,0.61(0.91 t ha–1)for Hebei Province on a county level,0.73(0.97 t ha–1)for Henan Province on a county level,and 0.55(0.75 t ha–1)for Shandong Province on a city level.Overall,PRYM–Wheat can offer a stable and robust approach to estimating regional winter wheat yield across multiple years,providing a scientific basis for ensuring regional food security. | ZHANG Sha YANG Shan-shan WANG Jing-wen WU Xi-fang Malak HENCHIRI Tehseen JAVED ZHANG Jia-hua BAI Yun | 2023 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2023，22，9： | 0 |
| 16 | Improving the electrochemical stability of AZ31 Mg alloy in a 3.5wt.%NaCl solution via the surface functionalization of plasma electrolytic oxidation coating显示文摘The unique interactions between hexadecanoic acid(HA)and albumin(ALB)molecules on the surface of the porous layer of AZ31 Mg alloy were exploited to fabricate a novel hybrid composite film with excellent electrochemical stability in a 3.5 wt.%Na Cl solution.Herein,the inorganic layer(IL)obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation of AZ31 Mg alloy in an alkaline-phosphate-WO_(3)electrolyte was soaked in an organic solution composed of ALB and HA for 10 and 24 h at 60℃.Although albumin and HA may coexist on the same surface of IL,the higher reactivity of ALB molecules would prevent the formation of a thick layer of HA.The donor-acceptor complexes formed due to the unique interactions between ALB and/or HA and IL surface would reduce the area exposed to the corrosive species which in turn would efficiently protect the substrate from corrosion.The porous structure of the IL would provide preferable sites for the physical and chemical locking triggered by charge-transfer phenomena,leading to the inhomogeneous nucleation and crystal growth of a flowery flakes-like organic layer.DFT calculations were performed to reveal the primary bonding modes between the ALB,HA,and IL and to assess the mechanistic insights into the formation of such novel hybrid composites. | Mosab Kaseem Tehseen Zehra Burak Dikici Ali Dafali Hae Woong Yang Young Gun Ko | 2022 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2022，10，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Pre-oxidative catalytic treatment of toluidine blue with potassium permanganate in acidic solution显示文摘This article describes the potential of KMnO4 for oxidation of the thiazine dye(Toluidine blue TB)in an acidic medium.The effect of different operational parameters like initial concentration of dye,potassium permanganate,pH,ionic strength,catalyst,acids and temperature were investigated spectrophotometrically at λ_(max)=613 nm.The results showed a complete removal of the TB with mineralization of the dye solution.Smooth and complete decoloration was observed in the presence of monobasic acid(HCl)as compared to the H_(2)SO_(4) where little color removal was observed.Pb was found to be an effective catalyst in oxidation for complete and fast decolorization with mineralization.No significant change at elevated temperatures showed that an intermediate complex degraded with slight change in the temperature.UV/visible spectrophotometry and GC mass analysis showed an intermediate activated complex demethylated sulophooxide of TB which later on degraded into smaller fragments. | Rafia AZMAT Faryal Vali MOHAMMED Tehseen AHMED Qurat-ul-Ain TANWIR | 2011 | Frontiers of Chemistry in China2011，6，2： | 0 |
| 18 | A discussion on cotton transformation during the last decade (2010–2021);an update on present trends and future prospects显示文摘The introduction of genetically modified(GM)cotton in 1996 in the US and its worldwide spread later rejuvenated cotton production in many parts of the world.The evolution is continued since then and currently,the 3rd and fourth generation of same GM cotton is grown in many parts of the world.The GM cotton introduced in 1996 was simple Bt cotton that expressed a single Cry1Ac gene,the later generation carried multiple Cry genes along with the genes controlling herbicide tolerance.Current day GM cotton does not only give stable resistance against lepidopteran insects but also facilitates the farmers to spray broad-spectrum herbicides without harming the crop.The evolution of GM cotton is continued both on the basic and applied side and interventions have been introduced during the last decade.Earlier the cotton transformation was limited to Cocker strains which are getting possible in many other varieties,too.It is successful with both gene gun,and Agrobacterium and inplanta transformation has made it a routine activity.Apart from overexpression studies for various purposes including biotic,abiotic,and quality traits,RNAi and genome editing are explored vigorously.Through this review,we have tried to explore and discuss various interventions for improving transformation protocols,the applications of cotton transformation,and future strategies being developed to get maximum benefits from this technology during the last decade. | QANDEEL‑E‑ARSH AZHAR Muhammad Tehseen ATIF Rana Muhammad ISRAR Mahwish KHAN Azeem Iqbal KHALID Shahzad RANA Iqrar Ahmad | 2021 | Journal of Cotton Research2021，4，4： | 0 |
| 19 | HRNetO:Human Action Recognition Using Unified Deep Features Optimization Framework显示文摘Human action recognition(HAR)attempts to understand a subject’sbehavior and assign a label to each action performed.It is more appealingbecause it has a wide range of applications in computer vision,such asvideo surveillance and smart cities.Many attempts have been made in theliterature to develop an effective and robust framework for HAR.Still,theprocess remains difficult and may result in reduced accuracy due to severalchallenges,such as similarity among actions,extraction of essential features,and reduction of irrelevant features.In this work,we proposed an end-toendframework using deep learning and an improved tree seed optimizationalgorithm for accurate HAR.The proposed design consists of a fewsignificantsteps.In the first step,frame preprocessing is performed.In the second step,two pre-trained deep learning models are fine-tuned and trained throughdeep transfer learning using preprocessed video frames.In the next step,deeplearning features of both fine-tuned models are fused using a new ParallelStandard Deviation Padding Max Value approach.The fused features arefurther optimized using an improved tree seed algorithm,and select the bestfeatures are finally classified by using the machine learning classifiers.Theexperiment was carried out on five publicly available datasets,including UTInteraction,Weizmann,KTH,Hollywood,and IXAMS,and achieved higheraccuracy than previous techniques. | Tehseen Ahsan Sohail Khalid Shaheryar Najam Muhammad Attique Khan Ye Jin Kim Byoungchol Chang | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，4： | 0 |
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