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| 1 | Pathways of China's PM;air quality 2015–2060 in the context of carbon neutrality显示文摘Clean air policies in China have substantially reduced particulate matter(PM;) air pollution in recent years,primarily by curbing end-of-pipe emissions.However,reaching the level of the World Health Organization(WHO) guidelines may instead depend upon the air quality co-benefits of ambitious climate action.Here,we assess pathways of Chinese PM;air quality from 2015 to 2060 under a combination of scenarios that link global and Chinese climate mitigation pathways(i.e.global 2℃-and 1.5℃-pathways,National Determined Contributions(NDC) pledges and carbon neutrality goals) to local clean air policies.We find that China can achieve both its near-term climate goals(peak emissions) and PM;air quality annual standard(35 μg/m;) by 2030 by fulfilling its NDC pledges and continuing air pollution control policies.However,the benefits of end-of-pipe control reductions are mostly exhausted by 2030,and reducing PM;exposure of the majority of the Chinese population to below 10 μg/m;by 2060 will likely require more ambitious climate mitigation efforts such as China’ s carbon neutrality goals and global1.5℃-pathways.Our results thus highlight that China’s carbon neutrality goals will play a critical role in reducing air pollution exposure to the level of the WHO guidelines and protecting public health. | Jing Cheng Dan Tong Qiang Zhang Yang Liu Yu Lei Gang Yan Liu Yan Sha Yu Ryna Yiyun Cui Leon Clarke Guannan Geng Bo Zheng Xiaoye Zhang Steven JDavis Kebin He | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，12： | 23 |
| 2 | Fluxes of CH4 and N_2O from soil under a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China显示文摘从在在 Xishuangbanna 的热带季节的雨林下面的土壤的 CH4 和 N2O 流动,西南中国用关上的静态的房间技术和气体色层法方法被测量一年。三个处理被放在学习的地里:(A) 没有崽,有垃圾的(B) ,和有垃圾和幼苗的(C) 。结果证明在我们的学习的土壤是大气的 CH4 的一个水池和大气的 N2O 的来源。从处理 A, B,和 C 的观察吝啬的 CH4 流动是 50.0 ± 4.0, 35.9 ± 2.8, 31.6 ± 2.8 μ g C/(m2 · h ) ,分别地并且在 2003 的计算年度流动分别地是 4.1, 3.1,和 2.9 kgC/hm2。从处理 A, B,和 C 的观察吝啬的 N2O 流动是 30.9 ± 3.1, 28.2 ± 3.5, 50.2 ± 3 .7 μ g N/(m2 · h ) ,分别地并且在 2003 的计算年度流动分别地是 4.1, 3.1,和 2.9 kgC/hm2。从处理 A, B,和 C 的观察吝啬的 N2O 流动是 30.9 ± 3.1, 28.2 ± 3.5, 50.2 ± 3 .7 μ g N/(m2 · h ) ,分别地并且在 2003 的计算年度流动是 2.8, 2.6,和 3.7 kgN/hm 2 分别地。在 CH4 和 N2O 流动的季节变化在所有三个处理之中是重要的。垃圾的存在减少了 CH4 举起在湿季节期间(P < 0.05 ) ,然而并非在干旱期期间。调停幼苗的 N2O 排出物有类似的增加在期间湿并且干旱期,显示幼苗在两个季节增加了 N2O 排放。一种强壮的积极关系为处理 B 和处理 C 为所有三个处理,和在 CH4 流动和土壤温度之间的弱关系在 CH4 流动和土壤潮湿之间存在。N2O 流动为所有三个处理与土壤温度相关。 | YAN Yuping SHA Liqing CAO Min ZHENG Zheng TANG Jianwei WANG Yinghong ZHANG Yiping WANG Rui LIU Guangren WANG Yuesi SUN Yang | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，2： | 18 |
| 3 | Additive Benefits of Twice Forest Bathing Trips in Elderly Patients with Chronic Heart Failure显示文摘长期的心失败(CHF ) ,源于各种各样的心血管的疾病(CVD ) 的后果的临床的症候群,逐渐地正在成为病态和死亡的一个全球原因。我们更早证明了洗旅行的一个 4 天的森林能在病人上向附属治疗学的影响提供 CHF。为了进一步调查影响和森林洗澡的最佳的频率的持续时间,与 CHF 在病人摔倒,我们招募了经历了在 4 个星期以后再洗旅行的第一个森林并且也就是,随机把他们分成了二个组的那些对象城市的控制组(城市)和洗组(森林)的森林。在洗旅行的第二个 4 天的森林以后,我们象氧化应力一样在大脑 natriuretic 肽层次,心失败的 biomarker,和稀释煽动性的回答观察了稳定的衰落。因此,这探索研究表明了添加剂好处两次,森林洗澡与 CHF 在老病人摔倒,它能进一步为在 CVD 分析如此的干预的效果铺平道路。 | MAO Gen Xiang CAO Yong Bao YANG Yan CHEN Zhuo Mei DONG Jian Hua CHEN Sha Sha WU Qing LYU Xiao Ling JIA Bing Bing YAN Jing WANG Guo Fu | 2018 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2018，31，2： | 18 |
| 4 | Effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on Fuji apple quality,yield and soil fertility in apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘To evaluate the effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on apple yield,quality and soil fertility,an experiment was conducted in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China.Six treatments,i.e.,1)no nitrogen(N)with chemical phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)(PK),2)no P with chemical N and K(NK),3)no K with chemical N and P(NP),4)N,P and K chemical fertilizers only(NPK),5)swine manure(M)only(M),and 6)half chemical fertilizers combined with half swine manure(NPKM)were included with three replications for each.The NPKM treatment achieved 36.9 t/ha average annual yield,which was 42.5%greater than the yield of PK treatment.The average annual yields followed the sequence of NPKM>NPK>M>NK>NP>PK.In NPKM treatment 71.3%of the collected apples had an apple diameter greater than 80 mm compared with 58.2%,41.5%and 37.2%in NK,PK and NP treatments,respectively.The sugar to acid(S:A)ratio was the greatest in NPKM treatment.The results of Vitamin C,soluble solid and firmness showed that NPKM treatment had the highest values.The concentration of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the 0 to 20 cm depth of soil was significantly affected by addition of M.Compared to the antecedent soil properties,the SOCS in the NPKM and M treatments were increased by 28.8%,29.4%,and TN contents were 56.5,49.8%more for soil at 0-20 cm depths,respectively.The major soil nutrients of N,P and K were also significantly increased by M and NPKM treatments in surface soil for five years.The data support the conclusion that,for a production of 35-40 t/ha in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China,the 25-30 t/ha organic manure,160-200 kg/ha N,100-150 kg/ha P2O5 and 120-160 kg/ha K2O were the most suitable fertilizer application.The finding will be helpful for harmonious development of apple production technology,economic income increase for farmers,and improvement of the apple orchard ecosystem. | Zhao Zuoping Yan Sha Liu Fen Ji Puhui Wang Xiaoying Tong Yan’an | 2014 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2014，7，2： | 17 |
| 5 | Betulinic acid inhibits autophagic flux and induces apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cells in vitro显示文摘目的: 处理在在二之间的多重骨髓瘤房间和关系在 apoptosis 和 autophagic 流动上调查 betulinic 酸(BA ) 的效果。 | Li-jing YANG Yan CHEN Jing HE Sha YI Lu WEN Jie ZHAO Ben-ping ZHANG Guo-hui CUI | 2012 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2012，33，12： | 16 |
| 6 | Jurassic sedimentary features and tectonic settings of southeastern China显示文摘Two types of the Jurassic basins are distinguished in SE China based on their geodynamic features: the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic post-orogenic basins and the Middle Jurassic intra-continental extensional basins. The Lower Jurassic sequence shows a change from coarseto fine-grained accumulation, suggesting a gradually deepening depositional environment from river to shore-lake and to deep-water lake. In contrast, the Middle Jurassic accumulation was changed from claystone to conglomerate along the coastal provinces in SE China, indicative of an initial crustal uplift. The Wuyi Mountains have been a paleogeograghic separating zone since the Middle Jurassic. The Late Jurassic strata are absent in most areas of SE China. A large-scale bimodal intra-continental rift-type volcanism occurred during the Middle Jurassic along a 40-60 km wide and 200 km long area in western Fujian and southern Jiangxi provinces, which is most likely the strongest volcanism in SE China since the Cambrian. The SHRIMP zircon U-Pb analyses on the rhyolite from the Dongkeng basin in the southern Jiangxi area yield a concord U-Pb age of 160±0.5 Ma, providing an upper age limit for the bimodal volcanic eruption. The analyses of the basin features indicate a change of the depositional environment during the interval from Middle Triassic to Late Triassic from a shallow-sea to an intra-continent in SE China in response to the strong collision between the Yangtze and North China Blocks. Sedimentary structures record a southward direction of Early Jurassic paleo-currents, reflecting that their source areas were to the north side. We propose that the Wuyi region was uplifted as early as Middle Jurassic, followed by a wide E-W-trending extended depression and bimodal volcanism in the western foot of the Wuyi Mountains. Presumably the uplift of the Wuyi domain changed the Middle Jurassic paleo geographic outline and formed the transformational tectonic regime from compression to extension as a tectonic response to the Pacific plate subduction. | SHU LiangShu WANG Yan SHA JinGeng JIANG ShaoYong YU JinHai WANG YanBin | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，12： | 15 |
| 7 | Effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on intestinal microflora in rats with ischemia/reperfusion liver injury显示文摘BACKGROUND: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury may induce intestinal microflora imbalance. Salvia miltiorrhiza is effective in promoting blood circulation and counteracting peroxidation in tissues. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza on intestinal mi- croflora, endotoxemia, and bacterial translocation in rats with hepatic I/R injury. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats in specific pathogen free grade were divided into 3 groups: group I(n =6) for sham operation: groups ( n = 7) for liver ische- mia for 20 minutes and reperfusion for 22 hours. Group was also pretreated with 4 ml/day of Salvia miltiorrhiza solu- tion (250 mg/kg) by daily gavage for 7 days. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino- transferase (AST), malondialdehyde ( MDA) and supero- xide dismutase ( SOD ) in liver tissues, serum endotoxin, intestinal bacterial counts, intestinal mucosal histology and bacterial translocation were studied. RESULTS: The levels of ALT, AST, plasma endotoxin and MDA in liver tissues were decreased more markedly in group (57.57 ± 18.08 U/L, 147.57 ±40.84 U/L, 0.42 ± 0.144 EU/ml and 0. 52 ±0.19 nmol/mg-prot respectively) in group 295.9±216.92 U/L, 0.80± 0.262 EU/ml and 0.72±0.12 nmol/mg-prot; P <0.05-0.01 respectively). Liver SOD activity was increased more sig- nificantly in group (318.47±64.62 U/mg-prot) than in group U/mg-prot, P<0.05). The counts of Bifidobacteria and Bacteroides increased more significantly in group than in group but were similar to those in group I. Bacterial translocation to the kidney in group was 50% (5/10), whereas no bacterial translocation to the kidney occurred in the other two groups (P <0. 01). Ileal mucosal structure was markedly ameliorated in group as compared with group CONCLUSIONS: Salviae miltiorrhiza could partially restore intestinal microflora balance, improve intestinal mucosal integrity, and reduce bacterial translocation and plasma en- dotoxin in rats with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. | Hui-Chun Xing, Lan-Juan Li, Kai-Jin Xu, Tian Shen, Yun-Bo Chen, Yu Chen, Su-Zhen Fu, Ji-Fang Sheng, Chun-Lei Chen, Jian-Guo Wang, Dong Yan, Fang-Wei Dai and Xiao-Ying Sha Hangzhou, China Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Public Health of China, and Institute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou 310012, China | 2005 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2005，4，2： | 14 |
| 8 | Genesis of the Wulong gold deposit,Liaoning Province,NE China:Constrains from noble gases,radiogenic and stable isotope studies显示文摘TheWulong lode deposit contains over 80 tonnes of gold with an average grade of 5.35 g/t.It is one of the largest deposits in Dandong City,Liaoning Province in northeast China.Previous studies on the deposit focused on its geological characteristics,geochemistry,fluid inclusions,and the timing of gold mineralization.However,controversy remains regarding the origin of the ore-forming fluids and metals,and the genesis of the gold deposit.This paper presents zircon UePb and pyrite RbeSr ages and S,Pb,He,and Ar isotopic results along with quartz H and O isotopic data for all litho-units associated with the deposit.Laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry measurements yielded zircon UePb dates for samples of pre-mineralization rocks like granite porphyry dike,the Sanguliu granodiorite,fine-grained diorite,and syn-mineralization diorite,as well as post-mineralization dolerite,and lamprophyre;their emplacement ages are 1261 Ma,1241 Ma,1231 Ma,1201 Ma,1192 Ma,and 1152 Ma,respectively.The pyrite RbeSr isochron age is 1191 Ma,indicating that both magmatism and mineralization occurred during the Early Cretaceous.The d18OH2O values of ore-forming hydrothermal fluids from the quartzepolymetallic sulfide vein stage vary from 4.8&to 6.5&,and the dDV-SMOW values are between67.7&and75.9&,indicating that the ore-forming fluids were primarily magmatic.The noble gas isotope compositions of fluid inclusions hosted in pyrite suggest that the ore-forming fluids were dominantly derived from crustal sources with minor mantle input.Sulfur isotopic values of pyrite vary between 0.2&and 3.5&,suggesting that S was derived from a homogeneous magmatic source or possibly from fluids derived from the crust.The Pb isotopic compositions of sulfides(207Pb/204Pb?15.51 e15.71,206Pb/204Pb?17.35e18.75,208Pb/204Pb?38.27e40.03)indicate that the Pb of the Wulong gold deposit is a mixture of crust and mantle components.Geochronological and geochemical data,together with the regional geological history,indicate that Early Cretaceous magmatism and mineralization of the Wulong gold deposit occurred during the rollback of the subducting Paleo-Pacific Plate,which resulted in lithospheric thinning and the destruction of the North China Craton(NCC),which indicates that the deposit is of magmaticehydrothermal origin. | Peng Zhang Linlin Kou Yan Zhao Zhongwei Bi Deming Sha Renping Han Zhumin Li | 2020 | Geoscience Frontiers2020，11，2： | 13 |
| 9 | Genistein suppresses the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in hippocampal neurons in rats with Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Genistein is effective against amyloid-β toxicity,but the underlying mechanisms are unclear.We hypothesized that genistein may protect neurons by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway,and thereby play a role in the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.A rat model of Alzheimer's disease was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and intracerebral injection of amyloid-β peptide(25–35).In the genistein treatment groups,a 7-day pretreatment with genistein(10,30,90 mg/kg) was given prior to establishing Alzheimer's disease model,for 49 consecutive days.Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick end labeling assay demonstrated a reduction in apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats treated with genistein.Western blot analysis showed that expression levels of capase-3,Bax and cytochrome c were decreased compared with the model group.Furthermore,immunohistochemical staining revealed reductions in cytochrome c and Bax immunoreactivity in these rats.Morris water maze revealed a substantial shortening of escape latency by genistein in Alzheimer's disease rats.These findings suggest that genistein decreases neuronal loss in the hippocampus,and improves learning and memory ability.The neuroprotective effects of genistein are associated with the inhibition of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway,as shown by its ability to reduce levels of caspase-3,Bax and cytochrome c. | Yan Wang Biao Cai Jing Sha Ting-ting Wang Run-ze Cai Chang-ju Ma Tao Han Jun Du | 2016 | Neural Regeneration Research2016，11，7： | 12 |
| 10 | Oridonin induces NPM mutant protein translocation and apoptosis in NPM1c+ acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro显示文摘 | Fei-fei LI Sha YI Lu WEN Jing HE Li-jing YANG Jie ZHAO Ben-ping ZHANG Guo-hui CUI Yan CHEN | 2014 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2014，35，6： | 11 |
| 11 | A multiplex PCR for differential detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto,Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus canadensis in China显示文摘Background:Echinococcosis caused byEchinococcus is one of the most major infectious diseases in north-west highland of China.E.granulosus sensu strict,E.multilocularis,andE.canadensis are known to be the only three species related to human health transmitting in the areas.To achieve targeted treatment and control of echinococcosis,the accurate identification and discrimination of the species are important.However,currently the available diagnostic approaches do not present ideal results either in accuracy or efficiency.Methods:In the study,a set of primers were designed to aim at the three human-pathogenicEchinococcus species in China.The one-step multiplex PCR assay was developed and evaluated for the specificity and sensitivity.A total of 73parasitic lesions and 41 fecal materials obtained from human and various animals collected in the clinic and the field were tested to assess the applicability of this method.Results:The multiplex PCR effectively detected the individual DNA from the targeted species and their random mixtures generating with distinguishable expected size of products.The detection limit of the assay for each of the three species was 5 pg/μl when they were tested separately.When DNA mixtures of the targeted species containing the same concentration were used as templates,the lowest amount of DNA which can be detected was 50 pg/μl,10 pg/μl and 5 pg/μl forE.granulosus s.s.,E.multilocularis,andE.canadensis respectively.No cross-reactivity was observed when DNA from eight genetically close species was used as control templates.The multiplex PCR identifications of all samples were in line with the original sequencing results except for those infected withE.shiquicus,which showed negative signals in the developed assay.Of all the tested stool materials,16 were previously found positive forEchinococcus by visual and microscopic examination.Among these 16 samples,13 were confirmed by the multiplex PCR,and the other three tested negative.Additionally,the multiplex PCR identified another 14 positive feces from the remained 25 stool samples which absence of worms.Conclusions:The developed multiplex PCR shows advantages in fast diagnosis and large-scale epidemiological investigation,which proven to be a promising tool utilized in clinic and surveillance system. | Jing-Ye Shang Guang-Jia Zhang Sha Liao Yan Huang Wen-Jie Yu Wei He Guang-You Yang Tiao-Ying Li Xing-Wang Chen Bo Zhong Qian Wang Qi Wang Rui-Rui Li Hao Wang | 2019 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2019，8，4： | 11 |
| 12 | Effect of replacing antibiotics using multi-enzyme preparations on production performance and antioxidant activity in piglets显示文摘The study was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing antibiotics using multi-enzyme preparations on growth performance,coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility,digestive enzyme activity,and antioxidant property in piglets.A total of 160 piglets((21.35±0.22)kg)were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments:1)basal diet supplemented with antibiotics(AC),2)antibiotic diet supplemented with 0.5 g kg^(–1) multi-enzyme preparations(AC+0.5EP),3)antibiotic diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^(–1) multi-enzyme preparations(AC+1.5EP),4)basal diet supplemented with a half dosage of antibiotics and 1.5 g kg^(–1) multi-enzyme preparations(AH+1.5EP),and 5)basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g kg^(–1) multienzyme preparations(BC+1.5EP).The results showed that AC+1.5EP significantly improved the feed efficiency,apparent digestibility of ether extract(EE)and crude ash(CA),lipase activity in pancreas and duodenum content,maltase and lactase activity in jejunum and ileum mucosa,glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)concentration in serum and liver,and decreased malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration in serum and liver compared with piglets receiving AC(P<0.05).Piglets receiving BC+1.5EP showed no significant difference in growth performance(P>0.05)but had lower MDA concentration than piglets receiving AC(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of EE and crude fiber(CF),duodenal lipase activity,jejunum mucosa maltase,and ileum mucosa lactase activity of piglets receiving AH+1.5EP or BC+1.5EP were significantly improved compared with piglets receiving AC(P<0.05).These results indicated an additive growth promotion effect between antibiotics and multi-enzyme preparations on piglets,and the multi-enzyme preparations may be used as substitutes for antibiotics for improving piglet production performance and health status. | HAN Xin-yan YAN Feng-ying NIE Xin-zheng XIA Wei CHEN Sha ZHANG Xiao-xu QIAN Li-chun | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，3： | 9 |
| 13 | Oocyte-expressed yes-associated protein is a key activator of the early zygotic genome in mouse显示文摘 | Chao Yu Shu-Yan Ji Yu-Jiao Dang Qian-Qian Sha Yi-FengYuan Jian-Jie Zhou Li-Ying Yan Jie Qiao Fuchou Tang Heng-Yu Fan | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，3： | 9 |
| 14 | Microstructure Evolution of a 10Cr Heat-Resistant Steel during High Temperature Creep显示文摘The microstructure evolution of a 10Cr ferritic/martensitic heat-resistant steel during creep at 600℃ was investigated in this work.Creep tests demonstrated that the 10Cr steel had higher creep strength than conventional ASME-P92 steel at 600℃.The microstructure after creep was studied by transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis.It was revealed that the martensitic laths were coarsened with time and eventually developed into subgrains after 8354 h.Laves phase was observed to grow and cluster along the prior austenite grain boundaries during creep and caused the fluctuation of solution and precipitation strengthening effects,which was responsible for the two slope changes on the creep rupture strength vs rupture time curve.It was also revealed that the microstructure evolution could be accelerated by stress,which resulted in the lower hardness in the deformed part of the creep specimen,compared with the aging part. | Ping Hu Wei Yan Wei Sha Wei Wang Yiyin Shan Ke Yang | 2011 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2011，27，4： | 8 |
| 15 | Air-sea heat flux exchange over the South China Sea under different weather conditions before and after southwest monsoon onset in 2000显示文摘With the data observed from the Second SCS Air-Sea Flux Experiment on the Xisha air-sea flux research tower, the radiation budget, latent, sensible heat fluxes and net oceanic heat budgetswere caculated before and after summer monsoon onset. It is discovered that, after summer monsoononset, there are considerable changes in air-sea fluxes, especially in latent heat fluxes and net oceanicheat budget. Furthermre, the analyzed results of five synoptic stages are compared. And the character-istics of the flux transfer during different stages around onset of South China Sea monsoon are discussed.The flux change shows that there is an oceanic heat accumulating process during the pre-onset and thebreak period, as same as oceanic heat losing process during the onset period. Moreover, latent fluxes,the water vapor moving to the continent, even the rainfall appearance in Chinese Mainland also can beinfluenced by southwester. Comparing Xisha fluxes with those obtained from the Indian Ocean and thewestern Pacific Ocean, their differences may be obeerved. It is the reason why SSTs can keep stableover the South China Sea while they decrease quickly over the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal aftermonsoon onset. | Junyue Yan, Huadong Yao, Jianglong Li, Zhiyi Tang, Guorong Jiang, Wenyu Sha, Xunqiang Li, Yiguo Xiao National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, China. E-mail: yanjy@cma.gov.cnPLA University of Science Technology, Nanjing 211101, China | 2003 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2003，22，3： | 8 |
| 16 | NYD-SP27,a novel intrinsic decapacitation factor in sperm显示文摘Prior to fertilization sperm has to undergo an activation process known as capaciation,leading to the acrosome reaction.Till now,little is known about the mechanism for preventing premature capacitation in sperm although decapacitation factors from various sources have been thought to be involved.In this study,we report that NYD-SP27,an isoform of phospholipase C Zeta 1(PLCZ1),is localized to the sperm acrosome in mouse and human spermatozoa by immunofluorescence using a specific antibody.Western blot and double staining analyses show NYD-SP27 becomes detached from sperm,as they undergo capacitation and acrosome reaction.The absence of HCO_(3)^(-),a key factor in activating capacitation,from the capacitation-inducing medium prevents the loss of NYD-SP27 from sperm.The anti-NYD-SP27 antibody also prevents the loss of NYD-SP27 from sperm,reduced the number of capacitated sperm,inhibited the acrosome reaction induced by ATP and progesterone,and inhibited agonist-induced PLC-coupled Ca^(2+)mobilization in sperm,which can be mimicked by the PLC inhibitor,U73122.These data strongly suggest that NYD-SP27 is a physiological inhibitor of PLC that acts as an intrinsic decapacitation factor in sperm to prevent premature capacitation and acrosome reaction. | Ye Bi Wen-Ming Xu Hau Yan Wong Hui Zhu Zuo-Min Zhou Hsiao Chang Chan Jia-Hao Sha | 2009 | Asian Journal of Andrology2009，11，2： | 8 |
| 17 | Effects of feed form and feed particle size on growth performance,carcass characteristics and digestive tract development of broilers显示文摘This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of feed form(mash and crumble-pellet) and feed particle size(fine, medium and coarse) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and digestive tract development of broilers. A total of 1,152 one day-old Ross 308 mixed-sex broilers were used in a factorial arrangement(2×3) based on a completely randomized design with six replicates of 32 birds each.Higher average daily gain(ADG) and average daily feed intake(ADFI) were observed(P < 0.01) for birds fed the crumble-pellet diets(CPD) than for those fed the mash diets(MD) during starter, grower and the entire experiment period. From d 1 to 40, birds fed CPD had a higher(P < 0.01) body weight(BW) than those fed MD. Birds fed CPD had a lower(P < 0.01) feed:gain ratio(F:G) during the starter phase than those fed MD. Medium or coarse particle size increased(P < 0.01) ADG and ADFI during the starter phase, but birds fed fine particle size diets had lower(P < 0.01) F:G during the grower phase. In MD,medium and coarse particle sizes resulted in higher(P < 0.05) BW, ADG and ADFI than fine particle size during the whole experiment. In CPD, particle size had no significant effect on growth performance, as indicated by a feed form × particle size interaction(P < 0.05). At 41 days of age, ten birds per treatment were randomly selected and killed for slaughter yields and digestive tract characteristics determination.It was shown that particle size and feed form alone had no significant effect on slaughter yields, so changes was the feed form × particle size interaction. The relative empty weight of the gizzard was greater(P < 0.01) and the relative length of the ileum was longer(P < 0.05) in birds fed MD than in those fed CPD. Overall, CPD improved growth performance during the entire period of the study with effects being less evident during the finisher phase than during the starter and grower phases, and the effect of feed particle size varied depending on feed form. | Mingbin Lv Lei Yan Zhengguo Wang Sha An Miaomiao Wu Zunzhou Lv | 2015 | Animal Nutrition2015，，3： | 7 |
| 18 | Comparison of extended spectrum β-lactamasesproducing Escherichia coli with non-ESBLsproducing E.coli:drug-resistance and virulence显示文摘BACKGROUND:The virulent factors of Escherichia coli(E.coli) play an important role in the process of pathopoiesis.The study aimed to compare drug-resistant genes and virulence genes between extended spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing E.coli and non-ESBLs-producing E.coli to provide a reference for physicians in management of hospital infection.METHODS:From October 2010 to August 2011,96 drug-resistant strains of E.coli isolated were collected from the specimens in Qingdao Municipal Hospital,Qingdao,China.These bacteria strains were divided into a ESBLs-producing group and a non-ESBLs-producing group.Drug sensitivity tests were performed using the Kirby-Bauer(K-B) method.Disinfectant gene,qacEA1-sull and 8 virulence genes(CNF2,hlyA,eaeA,VT1,est,bfpA,elt,and CNF1) were tested by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS:Among the 96 E.coli isolates,the ESBLs-producing E.coli comprised 46(47.9%)strains and the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli consisted of 50(52.1%) strains.The detection rates of multiple drug-resistant strain,qacEA1-sull,CNF2,hlyA,eaeA,VT1,est,bfpA,elt,and CNF1 in 46ESBLs-producing E.coli isolates were 89.1%,76.1%,6.5%,69.6%,69.6%,89.1%,10.9%,26.1%,8.7%,and 19.6%,respectively.In the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli strains,the positive rates of multiple drug-resistant strain,qacEA1-sull,CNF2,hlyA,eaeA,VT1,est,bfpA,elt,and CNF1 were 62.0%,80.0%,16.0%,28.0%,64.0%,38.0%,6.0%,34.0%,10.0%,and 24.0%,respectively.The difference in the detection rates of multiple drug-resistant strain,hlyA and VT1 between the ESBLs-producing E.coli strains and the non-ESBLs-producing E.coli strains was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The positive rate of multiple drug-resistant strains is higher in the ESBLsproducing strains than in the non-ESBLs-producing strains.The expression of some virulence genes hlyA and VT1 varies between the ESBLs-producing strains and the non-ESBLs-producing strains.Increased awareness of clinicians and enhanced testing by laboratories are required to reduce treatment failures and prevent the spread of multiple drug-resistant strains. | Sha Li Yan Qu Dan Hu Yong-xin Shi | 2012 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2012，3，3： | 7 |
| 19 | Flunarizine inhibits sensory neuron excitability by blocking voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ currents in trigeminal ganglion neurons显示文摘背景尽管 flunarizine 广泛地与清楚的成功为周期性偏头痛预防被使用了,它在周期性偏头痛预防的行动的机制不是完全这研究的 understood.The 目的是在tetrodotoxin抵抗的Na+隧道和尖锐地孤立的老鼠的高电压的激活的Ca2+隧道上调查 flunarizine 的效果三叉的在三叉的中心神经原的中心 neurons.Methods 钠水流和钙水流用整个房间的补丁夹钳 recordin | YE Qing WANG Qiang YAN Lan-yun WU Wen-hui LIU Sha XIAO Hang WAN Qi | 2011 | Chinese Medical Journal2011，，17： | 7 |
| 20 | Metabolic alteration of neuroactive steroids and protective effect of progesterone in Alzheimer's disease-like rats显示文摘A correlation between metabolic alterations of neuroactive steroids and Alzheimer's disease remains unknown. In the present study, amyloid beta(Aβ) 25–35(Aβ25–35) injected into the bilateral hippocampus CA1 region significantly reduced learning and memory. At the biochemical level, hippocampal levels of pregnenolone were significantly reduced with Aβ25–35treatment. Furthermore, progesterone was considerably decreased in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, and 17β-estradiol was significantly elevated. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing that Aβ25–35, a main etiological factor of Alzheimer's disease, can alter the level and metabolism of neuroactive steroids in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus, which are brain regions significantly involved in learning and memory.Aβ25–35exposure also increased the expression of inflammatory mediators, tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-1β. However, subcutaneous injection of progesterone reversed the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β in a dose-dependent manner. Concomitant with improved cognitive abilities, progesterone blocked Aβ-mediated inflammation and increased the survival rate of hippocampal pyramidal cells. We thus hypothesize that Aβ-mediated cognitive deficits may occur via changes in neuroactive steroids. Moreover, our findings provide a possible therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease via neuroactive steroids, particularly progesterone. | Sha Liu Honghai Wu Gai Xue Xin Ma Jie Wu Yabin Qin Yanning Hou | 2013 | Neural Regeneration Research2013，8，30： | 7 |
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