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| 1 | Effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on Fuji apple quality,yield and soil fertility in apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘To evaluate the effects of chemical fertilizer combined with organic manure on apple yield,quality and soil fertility,an experiment was conducted in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China.Six treatments,i.e.,1)no nitrogen(N)with chemical phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)(PK),2)no P with chemical N and K(NK),3)no K with chemical N and P(NP),4)N,P and K chemical fertilizers only(NPK),5)swine manure(M)only(M),and 6)half chemical fertilizers combined with half swine manure(NPKM)were included with three replications for each.The NPKM treatment achieved 36.9 t/ha average annual yield,which was 42.5%greater than the yield of PK treatment.The average annual yields followed the sequence of NPKM>NPK>M>NK>NP>PK.In NPKM treatment 71.3%of the collected apples had an apple diameter greater than 80 mm compared with 58.2%,41.5%and 37.2%in NK,PK and NP treatments,respectively.The sugar to acid(S:A)ratio was the greatest in NPKM treatment.The results of Vitamin C,soluble solid and firmness showed that NPKM treatment had the highest values.The concentration of soil organic carbon(SOC)in the 0 to 20 cm depth of soil was significantly affected by addition of M.Compared to the antecedent soil properties,the SOCS in the NPKM and M treatments were increased by 28.8%,29.4%,and TN contents were 56.5,49.8%more for soil at 0-20 cm depths,respectively.The major soil nutrients of N,P and K were also significantly increased by M and NPKM treatments in surface soil for five years.The data support the conclusion that,for a production of 35-40 t/ha in an apple orchard on the Loess Plateau of China,the 25-30 t/ha organic manure,160-200 kg/ha N,100-150 kg/ha P2O5 and 120-160 kg/ha K2O were the most suitable fertilizer application.The finding will be helpful for harmonious development of apple production technology,economic income increase for farmers,and improvement of the apple orchard ecosystem. | Zhao Zuoping Yan Sha Liu Fen Ji Puhui Wang Xiaoying Tong Yan’an | 2014 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2014，7，2： | 17 |
| 2 | Effects of different fertilizations on fruit quality,yield and soil fertility in field-grown kiwifruit orchard显示文摘Kiwifruit yield and quality and soil nutrients were investigated in a kiwifruit orchard after long-term fertilization to understand the relationship between kiwifruit growth and soil nutrition.Seven fertilization treatments with three replications were applied in a continuous four-year period,including no fertilizer(CK);phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)fertilizers(PK);N and K fertilizers(NK);N and P fertilizers(NP);N,P and K fertilizers(NPK);1.5 times of N,P and K fertilizers(1.5NPK);and chemical fertilizers plus swine manure(NPKM).Fertilization increased kiwifruit yield at the rate of 450 kg N/hm^(2),225 kg P2O5/hm^(2),300 kg K2O/hm^(2).The average yield decreased in a descending order for NPKM(44.6 t/hm^(2)),1.5NPK(42.6 t/hm^(2)),NPK(42.0 t/hm^(2)),NK(38.0 t/hm^(2)),NP(36.7 t/hm^(2)),PK(36.4 t/hm^(2))and CK(34.1 t/hm^(2)).The sugar to acid ratio(S:A)was the highest(10.9)in 2012,and the soluble sugar increased by 15.7%after four-year NPKM fertilization.The NPKM fertilization also significantly increased the vitamin C,soluble solid and firmness.The soil organic carbon contents at 0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm in depth under the NPKM treatment were 27%,29%and 139%higher than that of the CK treatment,respectively.The available N contents at 0-20 cm,20-40 cm and 40-60 cm in depth in the 1.5NPK treatment were 180%,114%and 133%higher than that in the CK treatment,respectively.Balanced fertilization with N,P,K and organic manure is important to soil fertility,which may increase yield and improve quality in field-grown kiwifruit orchard. | Zhao Zuoping Duan Min Yan Sha Liu Zhifeng Wang Qi Fu Jing Tong Yan’an | 2017 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2017，10，2： | 6 |
| 3 | Nitrogen distribution in apple orchard soil profile under fertilization with different water and fertilizer coupling techniques显示文摘Optimization of water and fertilizer coupling management approaches could not only increase apple yield and quality,but also reduce the potential negative impacts of such management activities on the environment.The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal water-nitrogen(WN)coupling management strategy in an apple orchard in the Weibei Dryland,Shaanxi Province,China,under limited irrigation.A randomized complete block design was adopted to test the effects of three drip irrigation levels(W1,300 m^(3)/hm^(2);W2,600 m^(3)/hm^(2);W3,900 m^(3)/hm^(2))and four N application levels(N0,0 kg/hm^(2);N1,200 kg/hm^(2);N2,400 kg/hm^(2);and N3,600 kg/hm^(2))on N distribution in the 0-100 cm soil profile.Apple yield and economic benefits under different treatments were also evaluated over a three-year period(2012-2014).Compared with the N0W1 treatment,soil N contents were higher and exhibited distinct trends in the soil profile under other treatments.Overall,total N contents exhibited a downward trend from the surface to the subsurface layers(0.11-2.34 g/kg);however,the total N contents of the lower soil layer increased with an increase in irrigation amount.NO_(3)-N contents were the lowest in the 40-60 cm soil layer and then increased with an increase in soil depth.The highest NO_(3)-N contents of different soil layers were observed under the N3W3 treatment,ranging from 124.7 mg/kg(0-20 cm)to 90.9 mg/kg(80-100 cm).NH_(4)^(+)-N contents were low(<10 mg/kg),mainly accumulating in the surface layer and decreasing toward the deeper layers>20 cm.Different water-N coupling treatments also increased apple yield by 7.30%-41.62%when compared with the N0W1 treatment.The highest apple yield(three-year mean:41.01 t/hm^(2))was observed under the N2W2 treatment,with an output value of 237900 RMB yuan/hm^(2) and a net income of 232000 RMB yuan/hm^(2).Considering fruit yield,partial productivity of N fertilizer,and economic and environmental benefits,the N2W2 treatment is the optimal water-N fertilizer coupling drip irrigation scheme for apple production in the study area and other similar dryland areas. | Zuoping Zhao Sha Yan Siyu Hu Kaijing Qu Yan’an Tong | 2022 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2022，15，5： | 0 |
| 4 | Assessing heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk of tea plantation soils显示文摘Accumulation of heavy metals in agricultural soils tends to increase crop uptake of heavy metals,and can adversely impact human health through food chains.This study assessed the heavy metal pollution status and the potential ecological risk of tea plantation soils in southern Shaanxi Province,China.A total of 330 topsoil samples were collected to analyze the concentrations of seven heavy metals(Pb,Zn,Cu,Cr,Hg,As and Cd)and the pH level.The Hakanson potential ecological risk index was used based on the background levels of soil heavy metals in Shaanxi.Results showed that the averaged concentrations of soil Pb,Zn,Cu,Cr,Hg,As,and Cd were 10.0,87.6,16.4,12.4,0.2,6.9 and 0.1 mg/kg,respectively.Cd and Hg concentrations exceeded level II of China’s Soil Environment Quality Standard(GB 15618-2009)in 9.3%and 7.0%of the total samples,respectively.The coefficient of variation ranged from 29.2%to 52.2%for different elements,and was 49.3%for Cd and 48.6%for Hg.The averaged comprehensive potential ecological risk index was 95.4,and the overall potential ecological risk was low,with 82.4%of the total samples at a low level of potential ecological risk.Cd and Hg contributed most to the potential ecological risk(35.5%and 46.5%,respectively),and the risks associated with other elements were relatively minor.This study suggested that soil Cd and Hg pollution should be controlled to ensure the safe production of tea in the study area. | Zuoping Zhao Sha Yan Min Duan Jing Fu Qi Wang Zhifeng Liu Fengmin Song Bo Tang Chen Li Gongwei Qin Yanan Tong | 2019 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2019，12，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Amine-functionalized hierarchically porous carbon supported Pd nanocatalysts for highly efficient H2 generation from formic acid with fast-diffusion channels显示文摘Formic acid(FA)has come to be considered a potential candidate for hydrogen storage,and the development of efficient catalysts for H2releasing is crucial for realizing the sustainable process from FA.Herein,we have developed the ultrafine Pd nanoparticle(NPs)with amine-functionalized carbon as a support,which was found to show an excellent catalytic activity in H_(2)generation from FA dehydrogenation.The synergetic mechanism between amine-group and Pd active site was demonstrated to facilitate H2generation byβ-hydride elimination.Moreover,the texture of support for Pd NPs also plays an important role in determining the reactivity of FA,since the diffusion of gaseous products makes the kinetics of diffusion as a challenge in this high performance Pd catalysts.As a result,the as-prepared Pd/NH_(2)-TPC catalyst with the small sized Pd nanoparticles and the hierarchically porous structures shows a turnover of frequency(TOF)value of 4312 h^(-1)for the additive-free FA dehydrogenation at room temperature,which is comparable to the most promising heterogeneous catalysts.Our results demonstrated that the intrinsic catalytic activities of active site as well as the porous structure of support are both important factors in determining catalytic performances in H2generation from FA dehydrogenation,which is also helpful to develop high-activity catalysts for other advanced gas-liquid-solid reactions systems. | Xianzhao Shao Xinyi Miao Fengwu Tian Miaomiao Bai Xiaosha Guo Wei Wang Zuoping Zhao Xiaohui Ji Miyi Li Fangan Deng | 2023 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2023，，1： | 0 |
| 6 | Multifunctional biomimetic tactile system via a stick-slip sensing strategy for human–machine interactions显示文摘A tactile sensor system enables natural interaction between humans and machines;this interaction is crucial for dexterous robotic hands,interactive entertainment,and other smart scenarios.However,the lack of sliding friction detection significantly limits the accuracy and scope of interactions due to the absence of sophisticated information,such as slippage,material and roughness of held objects.Here,inspired by the stick-slip phenomena in the sliding process,we have developed a multifunctional biomimetic tactile system based on the stick-slip sensing strategy,which is a universal method to detect slippage and estimate the surface properties of objects by sliding.This system consists of a flexible fingertip-inspired tactile sensor,a read-out circuit and a machinelearning module.Based on the stick-slip sensing strategy,our system was endowed with high recognition rates for slippage detection(100.0%),material classification(93.3%)and roughness discrimination(92.8%).Moreover,robotic hand manipulation,interactive games and object classification are demonstrated with this multifunctional system for comprehensive and promising human-machine interactions. | Yue Li Manjun Zhao Yadong Yan Luanxi He Yingyi Wang Zuoping Xiong Shuqi Wang Yuanyuan Bai Fuqin Sun Qifeng Lu Yu Wang Tie Li Ting Zhang | 2022 | npj Flexible Electronics2022，6，1： | 0 |
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