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| 1 | Deep reinforcement learning for dynamic computation offloading and resource allocation in cache-assisted mobile edge computing systems显示文摘Mobile Edge Computing(MEC)is one of the most promising techniques for next-generation wireless communication systems.In this paper,we study the problem of dynamic caching,computation offloading,and resource allocation in cache-assisted multi-user MEC systems with stochastic task arrivals.There are multiple computationally intensive tasks in the system,and each Mobile User(MU)needs to execute a task either locally or remotely in one or more MEC servers by offloading the task data.Popular tasks can be cached in MEC servers to avoid duplicates in offloading.The cached contents can be either obtained through user offloading,fetched from a remote cloud,or fetched from another MEC server.The objective is to minimize the long-term average of a cost function,which is defined as a weighted sum of energy consumption,delay,and cache contents’fetching costs.The weighting coefficients associated with the different metrics in the objective function can be adjusted to balance the tradeoff among them.The optimum design is performed with respect to four decision parameters:whether to cache a given task,whether to offload a given uncached task,how much transmission power should be used during offloading,and how much MEC resources to be allocated for executing a task.We propose to solve the problems by developing a dynamic scheduling policy based on Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)with the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(DDPG)method.A new decentralized DDPG algorithm is developed to obtain the optimum designs for multi-cell MEC systems by leveraging on the cooperations among neighboring MEC servers.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other existing strategies,such as Deep Q-Network(DQN). | Samrat Nath Jingxian Wu | 2020 | Intelligent and Converged Networks2020，1，2： | 13 |
| 2 | 从白屈菜乙醇提取物中分离出的白屈菜碱通过p38-p53和PI3K/AKT信号转导通路促进 HeLa细胞凋亡(英文)显示文摘目的:研究从白屈菜乙醇提取物中分离出的白屈菜碱在诱导 HeLa细胞凋亡中的作用及参与其作用的主要信号转导通路。方法:细胞先以不同浓度白屈菜碱处理48h,用噻唑蓝法分析确定半数致死量(median lethal dose,LD50)。用4′,6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚染色,追踪分析核浓染以及 DNA 损伤和碎片的形态学变化,并用流式细胞术分析检测活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的产生以及细胞周期阻滞和线粒体膜电位的变化。用圆二色光谱分析寻找白屈菜碱和小牛胸腺 DNA可能的相互作用。用逆转录聚合酶链反应和蛋白免疫印迹法测定p38、p53、蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,AKT)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases,PI3K)、Janus激酶3(Janus kinase 3,JAK3)、信号转导及转录激活因子3(signal transducer and activator oftranscription 3,STAT3)等的mRNA和蛋白表达,以及E6、E7癌基因和促凋亡基因、抗凋亡基因的mRNA和蛋白表达。结果:根据白屈菜碱的LD50(30μg/mL),选定3种实验剂量,即22.5、30和37.5μg/mL。结果显示,白屈菜碱抑制了 HeLa细胞增殖,诱发其细胞凋亡,表现为 ROS的产生,细胞亚 G1和 G0/G1周期阻滞,线粒体膜电位变化和 DNA 碎片产生。圆二色光谱分析结果显示白屈菜碱和小牛胸腺 DNA 间存在有效的相互作用。信号通路的研究显示白屈菜碱通过上调p38、p53和其他促凋亡基因的表达,以及下调 AKT、PI3K、JAK3、STAT3、E6、E7和其他抗凋亡基因的表达,有效诱发细胞凋亡。结论:从白屈菜中分离出的白屈菜碱能通过改变p38-p53及 AKT/PI3激酶信号转导通路有效地诱发 HeLa细胞凋亡。 | Avijit Paul Kausik Bishayee Samrat Ghosh Avinaba Mukherjee Sourav Sikdar Debrup Chakraborty Naoual Boujedaini Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2012 | 中西医结合学报2012，10，9： | 10 |
| 3 | Homeopathic mother tincture of Phytolacca decandra induces apoptosis in skin melanoma cells by activating caspase-mediated signaling via reactive oxygen species elevation显示文摘OBJECTIVE: Preventive measures against skin melanoma like chemotherapy are useful but suffer from chronic side effects and drug resistance. Ethanolic extract of Phytolacca decandra (PD), used in homeopathy for the treatment of various ailments like chronic rheumatism, regular conjunctivitis, psoriasis, and in some skin diseases was tested for its possible anticancer potential. METHODS: Cytotoxicity of the drug was tested by conducting 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on both normal (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and A375 cells. Fluorescence microscopic study of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride-stained cells was conducted for DNA fragmentation assay, and changes in cellular morphology, if any, were also recorded. Lactate dehydrogenase activity assay was done to evaluate the percentages of apoptosis and necrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, if any, and expression study of apoptotic genes also were evaluated to pin-point the actual events of apoptosis. RESULTS: Results showed that PD administration caused a remarkable reduction in proliferation of A375 cells, without showing much cytotoxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Generation of ROS and DNA damage, which made the cancer cells prone to apoptosis, were found to be enhanced in PD-treated cells. These results were duly supported by the analytical data on expression of different cellular and nuclear proteins, as for example, by down-regulation of Akt and Bcl-2, up-regulation of p53, Bax and caspase 3, and an increase in number of cell deaths by apoptosis in A375 cells. CONCLUSION: Overall results demonstrate anticancer potentials of PD on A375 cells through activation of caspase-mediated signaling and ROS generation. | Samrat Ghosh Kausik Bishayee Avijit Paul Avinaba Mukherjee Sourav Sikdar Debrup Chakraborty Naoual Boujedaini Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2013，11，2： | 5 |
| 4 | Two-dimensional MXenes:New frontier of wearable and flexible electronics显示文摘Wearable electronics offer incredible benefits in mobile healthcare monitoring,sensing,portable energy harvesting and storage,human-machine interactions,etc.,due to the evolution of rigid electronics structure to flexible and stretchable devices.Lately,transition metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes)are highly regarded as a group of thriving two-dimensional nanomaterials and extraordinary building blocks for emerging flexible electronics platforms because of their excellent electrical conductivity,enriched surface functionalities,and large surface area.This article reviews the most recent developments in MXene-enabled flexible electronics for wearable electronics.Several MXeneenabled electronic devices designed on a nanometric scale are highlighted by drawing attention to widely developed nonstructural attributes,including 3D configured devices,textile and planer substrates,bioinspired structures,and printed materials.Furthermore,the unique progress of these nanodevices is highlighted by representative applications in healthcare,energy,electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding,and humanoid control of machines.The emerging prospects of MXene nanomaterials as a key frontier in nextgeneration wearable electronics are envisioned and the design challenges of these electronic systems are also discussed,followed by proposed solutions. | Abbas Ahmed Sudeep Sharma Bapan Adak Md Milon Hossain Anna Marie LaChance Samrat Mukhopadhyay Luyi Sun | 2022 | InfoMat2022，4，4： | 4 |
| 5 | Oleanolic acid isolated from ethanolic extract of Phytolacca decandra induces apoptosis in A375 skin melanoma cells: drug-DNA interaction and signaling cascade显示文摘OBJECTIVE: Oleanolic acid(OA) has been reported to have anticancer effects, but the extent of its cytotoxicity, its ability to interact with nuclear DNA, its action against skin melanoma, as well as the molecular mechanism of its action against cell proliferation and in support of cell death are still unexplored. This led us to examine the efficacy of OA, a bioactive compound isolated from Phytolacca decandra, on these issues in the present investigation.METHODS: Studies related to analyses of cell viability, drug-DNA interaction, cell proliferation, cell cycle and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) activity were performed. To investigate whether cells undergo apoptosis, studies like fl uorescence microscopy, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) degradation, annexin V-fl uorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay, alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential and activity of some relevant signaling proteins were performed.RESULTS: OA displayed a minimal and negligible cytotoxic effect on normal HaCaT cells(skin keratinocytes) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells but by contrast it reduced A375 cell viability significantly. OA interacted with nuclear DNA quickly after exposure. It acted as an antiproliferative agent. It suppressed EGFR activity. OA administration led the cells to mitochondriadependent caspase 3-mediated apoptosis.CONCLUSION: OA interacts with cellular DNA, inhibits proliferation possibly through modulating EGFR activity and induces mitochondria-dependent caspase 3-mediated apoptosis in A375 cells which would qualify it as a potent anticancer agent. | Samrat Ghosh Kausik Bishayee Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2014，12，2： | 3 |
| 6 | 北美香柏叶的乙醇提取物阻断A549细胞增殖并引起细胞凋亡的体外研究(英文)显示文摘目的:研究北美香柏叶的乙醇提取物对非小细胞肺癌A549细胞的抗肿瘤及抗增殖作用。方法:噻唑蓝法检验不同剂量北美香柏叶的乙醇提取物对细胞活性的影响。确定半数最大抑制浓度为282μg/mL,另外选择两个浓度188μg/mL和376μg/mL进行剂量依赖性检测。进行溴脱氧尿苷结合实验和细胞迁移实验检测药物的抗肿瘤细胞增殖活性。膜联蛋白V-异硫氰酸荧光黄-碘化丙啶双染色后采用荧光激活细胞分类分析仪对细胞早期凋亡进行检测。Hoechst 33258及吖啶橙-溴化乙啶荧光染色法进行DNA片段分析。间接酶联免疫吸附法分析Bax-Bcl2的调节和表达情况。逆转录聚合酶链反应检测caspase3基因表达情况,其活性和蛋白水平的表达则使用间接酶联免疫吸附法和蛋白印迹法进行检测。结果:A549的细胞活性在暴露于北美香柏叶的乙醇提取物24h后呈剂量依赖性下降。脱氧尿苷结合实验和细胞迁移实验表明细胞的增殖活性与暴露于药物的时间有时间依赖性关系。11.72%的细胞在双染色后呈阳性反应,表明药物引起了细胞的早期凋亡。药物作用24h后DNA片段彗星尾的出现以及Hoechst 33258荧光染色的增加提示显著的DNA缺口出现以及染色质凝聚。Bax的上调及Bcl2的下调表明了细胞凋亡的出现。逆转录聚合酶链反应、间接酶联免疫吸附法以及蛋白印迹法的检测结果表明caspase3的活性随着抗聚(腺苷二磷酸-核糖)聚合酶的表达的增加而增加。结论:北美香柏叶的乙醇提取物能够促进A549细胞凋亡并抑制其增殖活性。 | Avinaba Mukherjee Sourav Sikdar Kausik Bishayee Avijit Paul Samrat Ghosh Naoual Boujedaini Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2012 | 中西医结合学报2012，10，12： | 2 |
| 7 | Effects of Gastrodiae rhizoma on proliferation and differentiation of human embryonic neural stem cells显示文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of Gastrodiae rhizoma,a dried root of Gastrodia elata Blume,on proliferation and differentiation of human NSCs derived from embryonic stem cells.Methods:A 70%ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma(EEGR) was estimated with4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol as a representative constituent by HPLC.Results:MTT assay showed that the treatment with EEGR increased the viability of NSCs in growth media.Compared to contro1,EEGR increased the number of dendrites and denritic spines extended from a differentiated NSC.Whereas EEGR decreased the mRNA expression of Nestin,it increased that of Tuj1 and MAP2 in NSCs grown in differentiation media.Immunocytochemical analysis using confocal microscopy also revealed the increased expression of MAP2 in dendrites of EEGR-treated NSCs.Furthermore,EEGR decreased mRNA expression of Sox2 in NSCs grown even in growth media.Conclusions:In conclusion,our study demonstrates for the first time that EEGR induced proliferation and neuronal differentiation of NSCs,suggesting its potential benefits on NSC-based therapies and neuroregeneration in various neurodegenerative diseases and brain Injuries. | Samrat Baral Ramesh Pariyar Chi-Su Yoon Dong-Cheol Kim Jong-Min Yun Seok O Jang Sung Yeon Kim Hyuncheol Oh Youn-Chul Kim Jungwon Seo | 2015 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2015，8，10： | 2 |
| 8 | 多壁碳纳米管制备有机光伏电池(英文)显示文摘以芝麻油为原料,采用化学气相沉积法合成出多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs),经功能化改性、切短后用作有机光伏太阳能电池的添加剂。该有机光伏电池以聚3-辛基噻吩为光敏分子,PCBM为激子离化剂。结果表明,添加MWCNTs与功能化且切短的fc-MWCNTs,有机光伏电池的功率转换效率能分别提高22%和40%。由于较高的空穴迁移率,激子离化后,P3OT产生空穴的收集和运输得到提高。功能化和切短的fc-MWCNTs增加了其在P3OT,PCBM中的分散性,进而提高功率转换效率。 | Samrat Paul Bijumani Rajbongshi Birinchi Bora Ranjith G Nair S K Samdarshi | 2017 | 新型炭材料2017，32，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Evaluation of chemopreventive potentials of ethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens against A375 skin melanoma cells in vitro and induced skin cancer in mice in vivo显示文摘OBJECTIVE: Chemopreventive approach with natural products, particularly plants and plant-derived ones, is receiving increasing attention for their effective role against cancer without any palpable side effects. In this study, efficacy of ethanolic extract of Ruta graveolens(RG) on skin melanoma cells(A375) in vitro and on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene(DMBA)-induced skin cancer in vivo has been tested in Swiss albino mice.METHODS: Studies on cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy induction were conducted in vitro. To check apoptosis, assays like alteration in mitochondrial membrane potential, annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay and immunoblot were performed. Fluorescence microscopic and immunoblot assays were performed to confirm autophagy induction. The effects of RG were determined by evaluating body weight, tumor incidence, tumor volume and tumor burden in mice. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status was assessed. The role of some relevant signaling proteins was also analyzed.RESULTS: RG caused death of A375 cells through induction of caspase 3-mediated apoptosis and Beclin-1-associated autophagy. Moreover, RG administration(75 mg/kg body weight) which showed no acute or chronic toxicity, showed significant reduction in the skin tumor burden of DMBA-painted mice. RG also demonstrated potent anti-lipid peroxidative and antioxidant functions during the course of skin cancer induction by DMBA.CONCLUSION: Chemopreventive potential of RG was demonstrated from overall results of this study, indicating its possible use in therapeutic formulation of an effective drug to treat skin cancer. | Samrat Ghosh Sourav Sikdar Avinaba Mukherjee Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Co - incubation with core proteins of HBV and HCV leads to modulation of human den- dritie cells显示文摘 | Agrawal A Samrat SK Agrawal B | 2014 | Viral Immunol2014，27，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Inte grated learning particle swarm optimizer for global optimization显示文摘 | Sabat Samrat L Ali Layak Udgata Siba K | 2011 | Applied Soft Computing2011，11，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Condurango glycoside-rich components stimulate DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and ROS-mediated caspase-3 dependent apoptosis through inhibition of cell-proliferation in lung cancer, in vitro and in vivo显示文摘 | Sourav Sikdar Avinaba Mukherjee Samrat Ghosh Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2014 | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology2014，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Exploration and insights into the cellular internalization and intracellular fate of amphiphilic polymeric nanocarriers显示文摘The benefcial or deleterious effects of nanomedicines emerge from their complex interactions with intracellular pathways and their subcellular fate.Moreover,the dynamic nature of plasma membrane accounts for the movement of these nanocarriers within the cell towards different organelles thereby not only infuencing their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties but also bioavailability,therapeutic effcacy and toxicity.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of underlying parameters controlling nanocarrier endocytosis and intracellular fate is essential.In order to direct nanoparticles towards specifc sub-cellular organelles the physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers can be manipulated.These include particle size,shape and surface charge/chemistry.Restricting the particle size of nanocarriers below 200 nm contributes to internalization via clathrin and caveolae mediated pathways.Similarly,a moderate negative surface potential confers endolysosomal escape and targeting towards mitochondria,endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and Golgi.This review aims to provide an insight into these physicochemical attributes of nanocarriers fabricated using amphiphilic graft copolymers affecting cellular internalization.Fundamental principles understood from experimental studies have been extrapolated to draw a general conclusion for the designing of optimized nanoparticulate drug delivery systems and enhanced intracellular uptake via specifc endocytic pathway. | Samrat Mazumdar Deepak Chitkara Anupama Mittal | 2021 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2021，11，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Security analysis of GTRBAC and its variants using model checking显示文摘 | Samrat M Shamik S Vijayalakshmi A | 2011 | Computers & Security2011，30，23： | 1 |
| 15 | Artificial bee colony algorithm for small signal model parameter extraction of MESFET显示文摘 | Samrat L. Sabat Siba K. Udgata Ajith Abraham | 2010 | Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence2010，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Development of Fly Ash-based Automotive Brake Lining显示文摘 | Samrat Mohanty Chugh Y P | 2007 | Tribology International2007，40，： | 1 |
| 17 | Security Analysis of GTRBAC and Its Variants Using Model Checking显示文摘 | SAMRAT M SHAMIK S VIJAYALAKSHMI A | 2011 | Computers & Secu- rity2011，30，23： | 1 |
| 18 | Condurango glycoside-rich components stimulate DNA damage-induced cell cycle arrest and ROS-mediated caspase-3 dependent apoptosis through inhibition of cell-proliferation in lung cancer, in vitro and in vivo显示文摘 | Sourav Sikdar Avinaba Mukherjee Samrat Ghosh Anisur Rahman Khuda-Bukhsh | 2014 | Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology2014，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Study on calcium ion independent a-amylase from haloalkaliphilic marine Streptomyces strain A3显示文摘 | Samrat C Ghanshyam R Abhijeet K | 2012 | Indian Journal of Biotech- nology2012，11，： | 1 |
| 20 | Role of com- petition in phytoptankton population for the occurrence and con- trol of plankton bloom in the presence of environmental fluctua- tions 显示文摘 | Pal S Samrat Chatterjee Krishna Pada Das | 2009 | Ecological Modeling2009，220，2： | 1 |
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