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| 1 | HCV-specific cytokine induction in monocytes of patients with different outcomes of hepatitis C显示文摘AIM:Cytokine release by macrophages critically determines the type of immune response to an antigen Therefore.we studied hepatitis C virus (HCV0-Specific induction of interleukins-1β,-10,-12(IL-1β,il-10,IL-12),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in monocytes.METHODS:Intracellular cytokine expression was studied by flow cytometry in 23 patients with chronic hepatitis C,14 anti-HCV seropositives without viremia and 11 controls after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant core,NS3,NS4 NS5a and NS5b proteins .RESULTS:Patients with HCV viremia revealed greater spontaneous exprssion of IL-1β,TNF-α,and IL-10,Furthermore,greater than twofold higher IL-10 epression was induced by the HCV antigens in chronic hepatitis C than in the other two groups (P<0.05) In contrast,neither IL-12 noir TNF-α was induced preferentially.CONCLUSION:In chonic hepatitis C antigen-specific cytokine induction in monocytes is apparently shifted towards predominant IL-10 induction-not counterbalanced by antiviral type 1 cytokines,This may contribute to persistent viral replication. | Rainer P.Woitas Uwe Petersen Dirk Moshage Hans H.Brackmann Bertfried Matz Tilman Sauerbruch Ulrich Spengler | 2002 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2002，8，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: The clinical challenge of a leaky gut and a cirrhotic liver显示文摘Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is a frequent, life-threatening bacterial infection in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Portal hypertension leads to increased bacterial translocation from the intestine. Failure to eliminate invading pathogens due to immune defects associated with advanced liver disease on the background of genetic predisposition may result in SBP. The efficacy of antibiotic treatment and prophylaxis has declined due to the spread of multi-resistant bacteria. Patients with nosocomial SBP and with prior antibiotictreatment are at a particularly high risk for infection with resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is important to adapt empirical treatment to these risk factors and to the local resistance profile. Rifaximin, an oral, nonabsorbable antibiotic, has been proposed to prevent SBP, but may be useful only in a subset of patients. Since novel antibiotic classes are lacking, we have to develop prophylactic strategies which do not induce bacterial resistance. Farnesoid X receptor agonists may be a candidate, but so far, clinical studies are not available. New diagnostic tests which can be carried out quickly at the patient's site and provide additional prognostic information would be helpful. Furthermore, we need tools to predict antibiotic resistance in order to tailor first-line antibiotic treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to the individual patient and to reduce mortality. | Philipp Lutz Hans Dieter Nischalke Christian P Strassburg Ulrich Spengler | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，3： | 12 |
| 3 | Distribution and effects of polymorphic RANTES gene alleles in HIV/HCV coinfection - A prospective cross-sectional study显示文摘AIM: Chemokines and their receptors are crucial for immune responses in HCV and HIV infection. RANTES gene polymorphisms lead to altered gene expression and influence the natural course of HIV infection. Therefore,these mutations may also affect the course of HIV/HCV coinfection.METHODS: We determined allele frequencies of RANTES-403 (G→A), RANTES-28 (C→G) and RANTESIN1.1 (T→C) polymorphisms using real-time PCR and hybridization probes in patients with HIV (n = 85), HCV (n= 112), HIV/HCV coinfection (n = 121), and 109 healthy controls. Furthermore, HIV and HCV loads as well as CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts were compared between different RANTES genotypes.RESULTS: Frequencies of RANTES-403 A, RANTES-28 G and RANTES-IN1.1 C alleles were higher in HIV infected patients than in healthy controls (-403: 28.2% vs 15.1%,P = 0.002; -28: 5.4% vs 2.8%, not significant; IN1.1:19.0% vs 11.0%, P = 0.038). In HIV/HCV coinfected patients, these RANTES alleles were less frequent than in patients with HIV infection alone (15.4% P = 0.002;1.7%; P = 0.048; 12.0%; not significant). Frequencies of these alleles were not significantly different between HIV/HCV positive patients, HCV positive patients and healthy controls.CONCLUSION: All three RANTES polymorphisms showed increased frequencies of the variant allele exclusively in patients with HIV monoinfection. The finding that the frequencies of these alleles remained unaltered in HIV/HCV coinfected patients suggests that HCV coinfection interferes with selection processes associated with these alleles in HIV infection. | Golo Ahlenstiel Agathe Iwan Jacob Nattermann Karin Bueren Jürgen K Rockstroh Hans H Brackmann Bernd Kupfer Olfert Landt Amnon Peled Tilman Sauerbruch Ulrich Spengler Rainer P Woitas | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，48： | 3 |
| 4 | Role of ZAC1 in transient neonatal diabetes mellitus and glucose metabolism显示文摘Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus 1(TNDM1) is a rare genetic disorder representing with severe neonatal hyperglycaemia followed by remission within one and a half year and adolescent relapse with type 2 diabetes in half of the patients. Genetic defects in TNDM1 comprise uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 6, duplication of the minimal TNDM1 locus at 6q24, or relaxation of genomically imprinted ZAC1 /HYMAI. Whereas the function of HYMAI, a non-coding m RNA, is still unidentified, biochemical and molecular studies show that zinc finger protein 1 regulating apoptosis and cell cycle arrest(ZAC1) behaves as a factor with versatile transcriptional functions dependent on binding to specific GC-rich DNA motives and interconnected regulation of recruited coactivator activities. Genome-wide expression profiling enabled the isolation of a number of Zac1 target genes known to regulate different aspects of β-cell function and peripheral insulin sensitivity. Among these, upregulation of Pparγ and Tcf4 impairs insulinsecretion and β-cell proliferation. Similarly, Zac1-mediated upregulation of Socs3 may attenuate β-cell proliferation and survival by inhibition of growth factor signalling. Additionally, Zac1 directly represses Pac1 and Rasgrf1 with roles in insulin secretion and β-cell proliferation. Collectively, concerted dysregulation of these target genes could contribute to the onset and course of TNDM1. Interestingly, Zac1 overexpression in β-cells spares the effects of stimulatory G-protein signaling on insulin secretion and raises the prospect for tailored treatments in relapsed TNDM1 patients. Overall, these results suggest that progress on the molecular and cellular foundations of monogenetic forms of diabetes can advance personalized therapy in addition to deepening the understanding of insulin and glucose metabolism in general. | Anke Hoffmann Dietmar Spengler | 2015 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2015，6，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Hepatitis B virus subgenotype F3 reactivation with vaccine escape mutations:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Hepatitis B represents a global health threat because its chronic course and sequelae contribute to a high morbidity and mortality. Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection can be controlled by vaccines, antiviral treatment, and by interrupting transmission. Rare vaccine escape mutants are serious because they eliminate vaccine protection. Here, we present a 74-year-old vaccinated patient with HBV reactivation 11 years after kidney transplantation. The patient was HBV-positive but HBs Ag-negative prior to vaccination 6 years before transplantation. The reactivated virus was HBV genotype F3 with vaccine escape mutations G145 R, P120 Q, and Q129 P. The patient was successfully treated with entecavir. The epidemiological reasons for this subgenotype, which is extremely rare in Western Europe, were unclear. This case illustrates that second-generation vaccines are not always effective in a specific group of patients. | Stefan Schlabe Kathrin van Bremen Souhaib Aldabbagh Dieter Glebe Corinna M Bremer Tobias Marsen Walter Mellin Veronica Di Cristanziano Anna M Eis-Hübinger Ulrich Spengler | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，7： | 2 |
| 6 | Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus-Positive Patients in Germany显示文摘 | E. Anadol S. Beckebaum K. Radecke A. Paul A. Zoufaly M. Bickel F. Hitzenbichler T. Ganten J. Kittner M. Stoll C. Berg S. Manekeller J. C. Kalff T. Sauerbruch J. K. Rockstroh U. Spengler Raffaele Bruno | 2012 | AIDS Research and Treatment2012，，： | 2 |
| 7 | Indoor air pollutants:a public health perspective显示文摘 | Spengler MD Sefton K | 1983 | Science1983，221，： | 2 |
| 8 | 癌和正常细胞熵产生的差异性及其治疗意义(英文)显示文摘通过热力学计算证明通常条件下癌细胞的熵产生率高于正常细胞,熵流方向为从癌到正常组织.但在适当外场作用下,正常细胞的熵产生率可提高更多,因而可以改变熵流方向,从而抑止癌的毒性信息流的扩散.设计了可试用于癌症治疗的方脉冲电场. | 罗辽复 Molnar J 丁辉 吕晓桂 Spengler G | 2006 | 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版)2006，37，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Spinal Pedicle Fixation: Reliability and Validity of Roentgenogram-Based Assessment and Surgical Factors on Successful Screw Placement显示文摘 | JAMES N. WEINSTEIN KEVIN F. SPRATT DAN SPENGLER CRAIG BRICK STANLEY REID | 1988 | Spine1988，，9： | 2 |
| 10 | 汉堡之家——国内首栋获认证的低耗能“被动房”显示文摘【概况】:全名自由汉莎汉堡市(Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg)【面积】:755.3km2,其中水域占8%,公园、绿地及森林约占12.3%,农田29.9%,建筑、庭院34.1%,交通用地11.5%。【人口】:180万【简介】:汉堡是德国第二大城市,德国最重要的海港、最大的外贸中心、媒体经济中心和德国第二大工业所在地,是德国绿化最好的城市之一。上海世博园区的汉堡之家是中国第一栋获得认证的'被动房屋'(Passivhaus)。 | Christine Reumschüsse Dittert&Reumschüssel Spengler Wiescholek Dittert Reumschüssel Arnd Dewald | 2010 | 动感(生态城市与绿色建筑)2010，0，2： | 2 |
| 11 | Spinal pedicle fxation:reliability and validity of roentgenogram-based assessment and surgical factors on successful screw placement显示文摘 | Spratt KF Spengler D | 1988 | Spine1988，13，： | 1 |
| 12 | Phenotypic diversification in human neuroblastoma cells: expression of distinct neural crest lineages 显示文摘 | Ciccarone V Spengler BA Meyers MB | 1989 | Cancer Res1989，49，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Spinal pedi- cle fixation: rellablity and Validity of roentgenogram- based assessment and surgical factors on successful screw placement显示文摘 | Weinstein JN Spratt KF Spengler D | 1988 | Spine1988，13，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Ion selectivity in nickel hexacyanoferrate films on electrodes surfaces显示文摘 | Schneemeyer L F Spengler S E Murphy D W | 1985 | Inorg Chem1985，24，： | 1 |
| 15 | EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment beyond progression in long-term Caucasian responders to erlotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a case-control study of overall survival显示文摘 | M. Faehling R. Eckert T. Kamp S. Kuom U. Griese J. Str?ter G. Ott W. Spengler | 2013 | Lung Cancer2013，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus Gene Zac1 Impairs Insulin Secretion in Mice through Rasgrf1显示文摘 | Anke Hoffmann Dietmar Spengler | 2012 | Molecular and Cellular Biology2012，，13： | 1 |
| 17 | A quantitative assessment of source contributions to inhalable particulate matter pollution in metropolitan Boston 显示文摘 | Thurston G D Spengler J D | 1985 | Atmospheric Environment1985，19，1： | 1 |
| 18 | GEOEssential–mainstreaming workflows from data sources to environment policy indicators with essential variables显示文摘When defining indicators on the environment,the use of existing initiatives should be a priority rather than redefining indicators each time.From an Information,Communication and Technology perspective,data interoperability and standardization are critical to improve data access and exchange as promoted by the Group on Earth Observations.GEOEssential is following an end-user driven approach by defining Essential Variables(EVs),as an intermediate value between environmental policy indicators and their appropriate data sources.From international to local scales,environmental policies and indicators are increasingly percolating down from the global to the local agendas.The scientific business processes for the generation of EVs and related indicators can be formalized in workflows specifying the necessary logical steps.To this aim,GEOEssential is developing a Virtual Laboratory the main objective of which is to instantiate conceptual workflows,which are stored in a dedicated knowledge base,generating executable workflows.To interpret and present the relevant outputs/results carried out by the different thematic workflows considered in GEOEssential(i.e.biodiversity,ecosystems,extractives,night light,and food-water-energy nexus),a Dashboard is built as a visual front-end.This is a valuable instrument to track progresses towards environmental policies. | Anthony Lehmann Stefano Nativi Paolo Mazzetti Joan Maso Ivette Serral Daniel Spengler Aidin Niamir Ian McCallum Pierre Lacroix Petros Patias Denisa Rodila Nicolas Ray Grégory Giuliani | 2020 | International Journal of Digital Earth2020，13，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Spinal pedicle fixation:reliability and validity of roentgenogram-based assessment and surgical factors on successful screw placement显示文摘 | Weinstein JN Spratt KF Spengler D | 1988 | Spine1988，13，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Controversies in low pain : the surgical approach 显示文摘 | Humley EN Spengler DW Wesel S | 1994 | Instr Course Lect1994，43，： | 1 |
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