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| 1 | On Splitting Training and Validation Set:A Comparative Study of Cross-Validation,Bootstrap and Systematic Sampling for Estimating the Generalization Performance of Supervised Learning显示文摘Model validation is the most important part of building a supervised model.For building a model with good generalization performance one must have a sensible data splitting strategy,and this is crucial for model validation.In this study,we con-ducted a comparative study on various reported data splitting methods.The MixSim model was employed to generate nine simulated datasets with different probabilities of mis-classification and variable sample sizes.Then partial least squares for discriminant analysis and support vector machines for classification were applied to these datasets.Data splitting methods tested included variants of cross-validation,bootstrapping,bootstrapped Latin partition,Kennard-Stone algorithm(K-S)and sample set partitioning based on joint X-Y distances algorithm(SPXY).These methods were employed to split the data into training and validation sets.The estimated generalization performances from the validation sets were then compared with the ones obtained from the blind test sets which were generated from the same distribution but were unseen by the train-ing/validation procedure used in model construction.The results showed that the size of the data is the deciding factor for the qualities of the generalization performance estimated from the validation set.We found that there was a significant gap between the performance estimated from the validation set and the one from the test set for the all the data splitting methods employed on small datasets.Such disparity decreased when more samples were available for training/validation,and this is because the models were then moving towards approximations of the central limit theory for the simulated datasets used.We also found that having too many or too few samples in the training set had a negative effect on the estimated model performance,suggesting that it is necessary to have a good balance between the sizes of training set and validation set to have a reliable estimation of model performance.We also found that systematic sampling method such as K-S and SPXY generally had very poor estimation of the model performance,most likely due to the fact that they are designed to take the most representative samples first and thus left a rather poorly representative sample set for model performance estimation. | Yun Xu Royston Goodacre | 2018 | Journal of Analysis and Testing2018，2，3： | 8 |
| 2 | Race, the microbiome and colorectal cancer显示文摘In the past decade,more cancer researchers have begun to understand the significance of cancer prevention,which has prompted a shift in the increasing body of scientific literature.An area of fascination and great potential is the human microbiome.Recent studies suggest that the gut microbiota has significant roles in an individual’s ability to avoid cancer,with considerable focus on the gut microbiome and colorectal cancer.That in mind,racial disparities with regard to colorectal cancer treatment and prevention are generally understudied despite higher incidence and mortality rates among Non-Hispanic Blacks compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States.A comprehension of ethnic differences with relation to colorectal cancer,dietary habits and the microbiome is a meritorious area of investigation.This review highlights literature that identifies and bridges the gap in understanding the role of the human microbiome in racial disparities across colorectal cancer.Herein,we explore the differences in the gut microbiota,common short chain fatty acids produced in abundance by microbes,and their association with racial differences in cancer acquisition. | Kendra J Royston Babatunde Adedokun Olufunmilayo I Olopade | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，10： | 4 |
| 3 | 结构胶和结构泡沫——改善碰撞性能的可行技术(英文)显示文摘为了新能源车的整车轻量化并保证其安全性,Henkel公司完成了两项新技术——结构泡沫和结构胶。该文测量了该组材料的物理、化学特性,以便实际应用和提高整车性能。结果表明:一种结构泡沫具有质量轻、强度和刚度高的优点,应用该种泡沫可减轻车辆自重,节省成本,在碰撞情况下提高车辆骨架对能量的吸收;另一种结构胶可提供有效连接方式,优化连接处应力分布,提高结构整体的强度和刚度,防止不同金属材料之间的电腐蚀,从而也降低生产成本。许多汽车生产商已经将该两项技术用于整车生产线上。 | Kyle Royston Martin Hornung Micheal Hajj | 2010 | 汽车安全与节能学报2010，1，4： | 2 |
| 4 | Assessment of erosion haz- ard with the USLE and GIS A ease study of the Upper Ewaso Nglro North basin of Kenya显示文摘 | Bancy M Mati Royston P C Morgan Francis N Gichuki John N Quinton Tim R Brewer Hans P l iniger | 2000 | lnternation Journal of Applied Earth Ob- servation and Geoinformation2000，2，2： | 1 |
| 5 | What do we mean by validating a prognostic model? 显示文摘 | ALTMAN D G ROYSTON P | 2000 | Star Med2000，19，： | 1 |
| 6 | A PHILOSOPHY OF ENABLING: THE WORK OF CEDRIC PRICE显示文摘 | Royston Landau | 1985 | AA Files1985，，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Reduced haemostatic factor transfusion using heparinase-modified thrombelastograpby during cardiopulmonary bypass 显示文摘 | Royston D von Kier S | 2001 | Br J Anaesth2001，86，4： | 1 |
| 8 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Christopher A S Rasmus H Arfa R.M Warwick B D Gillian M S Royston G Alan J D | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 9 | Remifentanil显示文摘 | Cohen J Royston D | 2001 | Curt Opin Crit Care2001，7，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Glial-neuronal interactions in Alzheimer's disease:the potential role of a 'cytokine cycle' in disease progression显示文摘 | Griffin WS Sheng JG Royston MC | 1998 | Brain Pathol1998，8，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Toughening by nanostructure显示文摘 | Ruiz-Pe' rez L Royston G J Fairclough P A Ryan A J | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Analysis of serial measurements in medical research显示文摘 | Matthews JN Altrnan DG Campbell M J Royston P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Inpatient experience with remifentanil显示文摘 | Camu F Royston D | 1999 | Anesth Analg1999，89，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Inpatient experience with remifentanil 显示文摘 | Camu F Royston D | 1999 | Anesth Analg1999，89，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Innate lymphoid cells sustain colon cancer through production of interleukin-22 in a mouse model显示文摘 | Kirchberger S Royston DJ Boulard O | 2013 | J Exp Med2013，210，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Metastaticrenal carcinoma comprehensive prognostic system显示文摘 | Atzpodien J Royston P Wandert T | 2003 | Br J Cancer2003，88，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Recurrent inguinal hernia after laparoscopic repair:possible cause and prevention显示文摘 | Deans GT Wilson MS Royston CM | 1995 | Br J Surg1995，82，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Correlation between palmonary gas exchange and basal and nitroglycerin (GTN) induced exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery显示文摘 | Szabo A Royston D | 2005 | Vascul Pharmanol2005，43，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Generic,simple risk stratification model for heart valve surgery显示文摘 | Ambler G Omar RZ Royston P | 2005 | Circulation2005，112，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Metabolic acclimation to hypoxia revealed by metabolite gradients in melon fruit显示文摘 | Beno?t Biais Bertrand Beauvoit J. William Allwood Catherine Deborde Micka?l Maucourt Royston Goodacre Dominique Rolin Annick Moing | 2009 | Journal of Plant Physiology2009，，3： | 1 |
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