|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 世界大河水沙通量变化趋势研究(英文)显示文摘河流水沙运动是地球化学循环的重要驱动力.本研究基于全球变化背景下的长序列水沙资料,对4307条世界大河(流域面积≥1000 km^2)水-沙通量的9种变化趋势及其成因进行了系统研究.结果表明,全球24%的大河呈现显著的径流变化,但年入海通量基本保持稳定;40%的大河呈现显著的泥沙通量变化,年入海通量下降20.8%;其中,亚洲大型河流的水沙通量下降趋势及南美亚马逊河的悬移质浓度上升趋势尤为突出.总体上,71%的世界大河径流变化与降水密切相关,而泥沙通量变化受大坝运行和灌溉等人类活动影响较大. | 李莉 倪晋仁 常方 岳遥 Natalia Frolova Dmitry Magritsky Alistair GLBorthwick Philippe Ciais 王易初 郑春苗 Desmond E.Walling | 2020 | Science Bulletin2020，65，1： | 23 |
| 2 | Climate and litter C/N ratio constrain soil organic carbon accumulation显示文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC) plays critical roles in stabilizing atmospheric CO2 concentration, but the mechanistic controls on the amount and distribution of SOC on global scales are not well understood. In turn, this has hampered the ability to model global C budgets and to find measures to mitigate climate change. Here, based on the data from a large field survey campaign with 2600 plots across China’s forest ecosystems and a global collection of published data from forested land, we find that a low litter carbon-to-nitrogen ratio(C/N) and high wetness index(P/PET, precipitation-to-potentialevapotranspiration ratio) are the two factors that promote SOC accumulation, with only minor contributions of litter quantity and soil texture. The field survey data demonstrated that high plant diversity decreased litter C/N and thus indirectly promoted SOC accumulation by increasing the litter quality. We conclude that any changes in plant-community composition, plant-species richness and environmental factors that can reduce the litter C/N ratio, or climatic changes that increase wetness index, may promote SOC accumulation. The study provides a guideline for modeling the carbon cycle of various ecosystem scales and formulates the principle for land-based actions for mitigating the rising atmospheric CO2 concentration. | Guoyi Zhou Shan Xu Philippe Ciais Stefano Manzoni Jingyun Fang Guirui Yu Xuli Tang Ping Zhou Wantong Wang Junhua Yan Gengxu Wang Keping Ma Shenggong Li Sheng Du Shijie Han Youxin Ma Deqiang Zhang Juxiu Liu Shizhong Liu Guowei Chu Qianmei Zhang Yuelin Li Wenjuan Huang Hai Ren Xiankai Lu Xiuzhi Chen | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，4： | 21 |
| 3 | Human activities aggravate nitrogen-deposition pollution to inland water over China显示文摘In the past three decades, China has built more than 87 000 dams with a storage capacity of ≈6560 km3 and the total surface area of inland water has increased by 6672 km2. Leaching of N from fertilized soils to rivers is the main source of N pollution in China, but the exposure of a growing inland water area to direct atmospheric N deposition and N leaching caused by N deposition on the terrestrial ecosystem, together with increased N deposition and decreased N flow, also tends to raise N concentrations in most inland waters. The contribution of this previously ignored source of N deposition to freshwaters is estimated in this study, as well as mitigation strategies. The results show that the annual amounts of N depositions ranged from 4.9 to 16.6 kg · ha-1· yr-1 in the 1990 s to exceeding 20 kg · ha-1· yr-1 in the 2010 s over most of regions in China, so the total mass of N(the net contribution of N deposition to the increase in N concentration) for lakes, rivers and reservoirs change from 122.26 Gg N · yr-1 in the 1990 s to 237.75 Gg N· yr-1 in the 2010 s. It is suggested that reducing the N deposition from various sources, shortening the water-retention time in dams and decreasing the degree of regulation for rivers are three main measures for preventing a continuous increase in the N-deposition pollution to inland water in China. | Yang Gao Feng Zhou Philippe Ciais Chiyuan Miao Tao Yang Yanlong Jia Xudong Zhou Butterbach-Bahl Klaus Tiantian Yang Guirui Yu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，2： | 10 |
| 4 | 通量观测事业的科学使命再认知--为解决全球可持续发展的生态学问题奠定坚实的数据基础(英文)显示文摘自地球系统进入人类世,要解决全球可持续发展问题,生态学研究需要进入一个大尺度、定量的和可预测的新时代。生态学观测技术的革命和科学数据的长期积累是实现生态学研究跨时代发展的必需。生态系统的通量观测技术是生态学观测技术上的一次重大革命。然而,全球规模的通量观测事业的独特优势和潜在价值仍未被充分认识。回顾全球气象学观测事业的发展历史及其对社会的科学贡献,很好地启示我们再认识通量观测事业的科学使命。 | 于贵瑞 陈智 张雷明 彭长辉 陈镜明 朴世龙 张扬建 牛书丽 王秋凤 骆亦其 Philippe Ciais Dennis D.Baldocchi | 2017 | Journal of Resources and Ecology2017，8，2： | 9 |
| 5 | Data-driven estimates of global nitrous oxide emissions from croplands显示文摘Croplands are the single largest anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide(N2O) globally, yet their estimates remain difficult to verify when using Tier 1 and 3 methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC). Here, we re-evaluate global cropland-N2O emissions in 1961–2014, using N-rate-dependent emission factors(EFs) upscaled from 1206 field observations in 180 global distributed sites and high-resolution N inputs disaggregated from sub-national surveys covering 15593 administrative units. Our results confirm IPCC Tier 1 default EFs for upland crops in 1990–2014, but give a ~15% lower EF in 1961–1989 and a ~67% larger EF for paddy rice over the full period. Associated emissions(0.82 ±0.34 Tg N yr–1) are probably one-quarter lower than IPCC Tier 1 global inventories but close to Tier 3 estimates. The use of survey-based gridded N-input data contributes 58% of this emission reduction, the rest being explained by the use of observation-based non-linear EFs. We conclude that upscaling N2O emissions from site-level observations to global croplands provides a new benchmark for constraining IPCC Tier 1 and 3 methods. The detailed spatial distribution of emission data is expected to inform advancement towards more realistic and effective mitigation pathways. | Qihui Wang Feng Zhou Ziyin Shang Philippe Ciais Wilfried Winiwarter Robert B.Jackson Francesco N.Tubiello Greet Janssens-Maenhout Hanqin Tian Xiaoqing Cui Josep G.Canadell Shilong Piao Shu Tao | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，2： | 7 |
| 6 | Local and teleconnected temperature effects of afforestation and vegetation greening in China显示文摘Afforestation in China provides carbon sequestration and prevents soil erosion,but its remote impacts on climate in other regions via the coupling of forest energy fluxes with atmospheric circulation are largely unknown.Here,we prescribe inventory-based forest cover change and satellite-observed leaf area index from 1982 to 2011 in a coupled land-atmosphere model to simulate their biophysical climate effects.Both local and global surface air temperatures show a seasonal contrast in response to past vegetation cover expansion over China:a phenomenon we primarily attribute to a variation of seasonality of vegetation greening.A large cooling in spring results in concurrent decreases in geopotential height over China and zonal wind over Mongolia,causing a dipole structure in the upper troposphere over the Arctic.This accounts for∼58%of simulated spring warming over the Russian Arctic and∼61%of simulated spring cooling over the Canadian Artic.Our results imply that spring vegetation dynamics in China may affect climate in northern high latitudes. | Yue Li Shilong Piao Anping Chen Philippe Ciais Laurent Z.X.Li | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，5： | 6 |
| 7 | 土壤水分胁迫制约全球植被变绿和初级生产力持续增加显示文摘大尺度的研究表明全球植被光合能力和生产力自20世纪80年代以来持续增加,但是很少有研究关注到其时空异质性.本研究将全球植被绿度变化趋势分为持续变绿、由变绿转为变棕、持续变棕以及不显著变化等不同类型,发现全球植被绿度变棕区域持续增加.到2010年以后逐渐超过持续变绿的区域(27.8×10^(6)km^(2),26.4%),达到了39.0×10^(6)km^(2)(全球植被面积的35.9%).这一现象抵消了2010年前12.0%±3.1%(0.019±0.004 NDVI a^(-1))植被绿度增加(2010~2016,P<0.05).全球陆地生态系统初级生产力也表现为类似的变化特征.这种变化主要是由于土壤水对于植被胁迫的负向作用,在部分地区超过了温度和辐射对于植被光合的积极作用.目前地球系统模型中的相关模块并不能反映这一正在增加的植被土壤水分胁迫.研究提示随着全球升温作用进一步加强,目前的地球系统模型土地模块可能会高估全球陆地生态系统碳固持能力. | 冯晓明 傅伯杰 张园 潘乃青 曾振中 田汉勤 吕一河 陈永喆 Philippe Ciais 王应平 张橹 程磊 Fernando T.Maestre Marcos Fernández-Martínez Jordi Sardans Josep Peñuelas | 2021 | Science Bulletin2021，66，14： | 5 |
| 8 | 碳周转时间驱动了青藏高原和北极苔原表层土壤有机碳密度的差异显示文摘素有'世界屋脊'之称的青藏高原是除了北极苔原之外最大的冻土分布带,且该区域存储着大量的土壤有机碳.然而,这两大冻土分布带的土壤有机碳密度却存在着很大的差别.表层土壤扮演着连接地表植被和下层冻土的桥梁作用,但是我们对于两者表层土壤有机碳密度的差别及其驱动机制的理解却十分匮乏.本研究基于多源观测数据发现青藏高原草地表层土壤有机碳密度仅为北极苔原的一半,然而两者的潜在碳输入之间却没有明显差异.基于^(14)C数据的进一步分析表明北极苔原表层土壤碳周转时间(1609年)约为青藏高原草地(547年)的3倍,这一结果意味着碳周转时间驱动了这两个区域土壤有机碳密度的差异.该研究强调了碳周转时间对于理解不同冻土分布带土壤碳差异的重要性,也指示了未来的生态系统模型应该进一步提升对土壤碳周转过程的模拟能力. | 武东海 刘丹 汪涛 丁金枝 贺钰杰 Philippe Ciais 张更新 朴世龙 | 2021 | Science Bulletin2021，66，16： | 3 |
| 9 | Three Gorges Dam: friend or foe of riverine greenhouse gases?显示文摘Dams are often regarded as greenhouse gas(GHG) emitters. However, our study indicated that the world’s largest dam, the Three Gorges Dam(TGD), has caused significant drops in annual average emissions of CO, CHand NO over 4300 km along the Yangtze River, accompanied by remarkable reductions in the annual export of CO(79%), CH(50%) and NO(9%) to the sea. Since the commencement of its operation in 2003, the TGD has altered the carbonate equilibrium in the reservoir area, enhanced methanogenesis in the upstream, and restrained methanogenesis and denitrification via modifying anoxic habitats through long-distance scouring in the downstream. These findings suggest that ‘large-dam effects’ are far beyond our previous understanding spatiotemporally, which highlights the fundamental importance of whole-system budgeting of GHGs under the profound impacts of huge dams. | Jinren Ni Haizhen Wang Tao Ma Rong Huang Philippe Ciais Zhe Li Yao Yue Jinfeng Chen Bin Li Yuchun Wang Maosheng Zheng Ting Wang Alistair G.L.Borthwick | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，6： | 3 |
| 10 | 2060年中国实现碳中和所面临的挑战:现状与展望显示文摘China’s high ambitions to reach peak CO_(2) emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 make carbon mitigation an urgent issue with widespread societal consequences.To develop an achievable roadmap and an effective portfolio of climate policies,it is essential that a clear picture of the magnitude and uncertainty of China’s current carbon balance is available,at both national and regional levels. | 陈报章 陈发虎 Philippe Ciais 张慧芳 吕洪刚 汪涛 Frédéric Chevallier 刘竹 袁文平 Wouter Peters | 2022 | Science Bulletin2022，67，20： | 3 |
| 11 | Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration显示文摘Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy.For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe,we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite estimates of biomass changes where inventory data are missing.The net land–atmospheric carbon exchange(NEE)was calculated by taking the sum of the carbon-stock change and lateral carbon fluxes from crop and wood trade,and riverine-carbon export to the ocean.Summing up NEE from all regions,we obtained a global‘bottom-up'NEE for net land anthropogenic CO_(2)uptake of–2.2±0.6 Pg C yr^(-1)consistent with the independent top-down NEE from the global atmospheric carbon budget during 2000–2009.This estimate is so far the most comprehensive global bottom-up carbon budget accounting,which set up an important milestone for global carbon-cycle studies.By decomposing NEE into component fluxes,we found that global soil heterotrophic respiration amounts to a source of CO_(2)of 39 Pg C yr^(-1)with an interquartile of 33–46 Pg C yr^(-1)—a much smaller portion of net primary productivity than previously reported. | Philippe Ciais Yitong Yao Thomas Gasser Alessandro Baccini Yilong Wang Ronny Lauerwald Shushi Peng Ana Bastos Wei Li Peter A.Raymond Josep G.Canadell Glen P.Peters Rob J.Andres Jinfeng Chang Chao Yue A.Johannes Dolman Vanessa Haverd Jens Hartmann Goulven Laruelle Alexandra G.Konings Anthony W.King Yi Liu Sebastiaan Luyssaert Fabienne Maignan Prabir K.Patra Anna Peregon Pierre Regnier Julia Pongratz Benjamin Poulter Anatoly Shvidenko Riccardo Valentini Rong Wang Grégoire Broquet Yi Yin Jakob Zscheischler Bertrand Guenet Daniel SGoll Ashley-P.Ballantyne Hui Yang Chunjing Qiu Dan Zhu | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Satellite-observed changes in terrestrial vegetation growth trends across the Asia-Pacific region associated with land cover and climate from 1982 to 2011显示文摘The Asia-Pacific(AP)region has experienced faster warming than the global average in recent decades and has experienced more climate extremes,however little is known about the response of vegetation growth to these changes.The updated Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies third-generation global satellite Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index dataset and gridded reanalysis climate data were used to investigate the spatiotemporal changes in both trends of vegetation dynamic indicators and climatic variables.We then further analyzed their relations associated with land cover across the AP region.The main findings are threefold:(1)at continental scales the AP region overall experienced a gradual and significant increasing trend in vegetation growth during the last three decades,and this NDVI trend corresponded with an insignificant increasing trend in temperature;(2)vegetation growth was negatively and significantly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation(ENSO)in AP;and(3)at pixel scales,except for Australia,both vegetation growth and air temperature significantly increased in the majority of study regions and vegetation growth spatially correlated with temperature;In Australia and other water-limited regions vegetation growth positively correlated with precipitation. | Baozhang Chen Guang Xu Nicholas C.Coops Philippe Ciais Ranga B.Myneni | 2016 | International Journal of Digital Earth2016，9，11： | 2 |
| 13 | 中全新世以来中国中部高山植被生产力和土壤侵蚀演变的古生态学证据显示文摘尽管普遍认为高山生态系统对气候变化的响应非常敏感,但很少有研究探究气候变化对高山植被生产力和土壤侵蚀的影响.基于古生态学记录,探究了全新世中期以来处于东亚季风影响区的太白山高海拔区植被生产力和土壤侵蚀的演变.高分辨率高山湖沼记录显示,植被生产力与年平均温度密切相关,而土壤侵蚀主要受到东亚夏季风所带来的降水的影响.即在5800~4000cal. a BP期间,年平均温度较低而夏季降水充沛,高山生态系统表现为低的植被生产力且土壤侵蚀严重.但是,从4000cal. a BP开始,年平均温度升高而夏季降水减少,植被生产力显著提高且土壤侵蚀减缓.这些结果表明,古生态学记录可为研究较长时间尺度上的生态系统服务提供有力证据,可帮助制定气候变化下的生态系统可持续发展政策. | 程颖 刘鸿雁 王红亚 陈德亮 Philippe CIAIS 罗耀 吴秀臣 印轶 | 2021 | 中国科学:地球科学2021，51，12： | 1 |
| 14 | The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China 显示文摘 | Shilong Piao Jingyun Fang Philippe Ciais | 2009 | Nature2009，458，： | 1 |
| 15 | The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China显示文摘 | Piao S L Fang J Y Philippe Ciais | 2009 | Nature2009，458，： | 1 |
| 16 | The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in china显示文摘 | Shilong Piao Jingyun Fang philippe ciais philippe Peylin Yao Huang Stephen sitch Tao Wang | 2009 | Nature2009，458，7241： | 1 |
| 17 | Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity显示文摘 | Richardson Andrew D. Andy Black T. Ciais Philippe Delbart Nicolas Friedl Mark A. Gobron Nadine Hollinger David Y. Kutsch Werner L. Longdoz Bernard Luyssaert Sebastiaan Migliavacca Mirco Montagnani Leonardo William Munger J. Moors Eddy Piao Shilong Rebmann | 2010 | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B . 2010 (1555)2010，，1555： | 1 |
| 18 | The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China显示文摘 | Shilong Piao Jingyun Fang Philippe Ciais | 2009 | Science2009，458，7241： | 1 |
| 19 | The impacts of climate change on water resources and agriculture in China 显示文摘 | Piao Shilong Ciais Philippe Huang Yao --~- | 2010 | NATURE2010，，467： | 1 |
| 20 | Changes in productivity and carbon storage of grasslands in china under future global warming scenarios of 1.5℃ and 2℃显示文摘Aims the impacts of future global warming of 1.5℃ and 2℃ on the productivity and carbon(c)storage of grasslands in china are not clear yet,although grasslands in china support~45 million agricultural populations and more than 238 million livestock populations,and are sensitive to global warming.Methods this study used a process-based terrestrial ecosystem model named ORcHIDEE to simulate c cycle of alpine meadows and temperate grasslands in china.this model was driven by high-resolution(0.5°×0.5°)climate of global specific warming levels(SWL)of 1.5℃ and 2℃(warmer than pre-industrial level),which is downscaled by Ec-EARtH3-HR v3.1 with sea surface temperature and sea-ice concentration as boundary conditions from IPSL-cM5-LR(low spatial resolution,2.5°×1.5°)Earth system model(ESM).Important Findingscompared with baseline(1971-2005),the mean annual air temperature over chinese grasslands increased by 2.5℃ and 3.7℃ under SWL1.5 and SWL2,respectively.the increase in temperature in the alpine meadow was higher than that in the temperate grassland under both SWL1.5 and SWL2.Precipitation was also shown an increasing trend under SWL2 over most of the chinese grasslands.Strong increases in gross primary productivity(GPP)were simulated in the chinese grasslands,and the mean annual GPP(GPP_(MA))increased by 19.32%and 43.62%under SWL1.5 and SWL2,respectively.the c storage increased by 0.64 Pg c and 1.37 Pg c under SWL1.5 and SWL2 for 50 years simulations.the GPP_(MA) was 0.67_(0.39)^(0.88)(0.82)(model mean_(min) ^(max) (this study)),0.85_(0.45)^(1.24)(0.97)and 0.94_(0.61)^(1.30)(1.17)Pg C year^(−1) under baseline,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by four cMIP5 ESMs(phase 5 of the coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Earth System Models).In contrast,the mean annual net biome productivity was−18.55_(−40.37)^(4.47)(−3.61),18.65_(−2.03)^(64.03)(10.29)and 24.15_(8.38)^(38.77)(24.93)Tg C year^(−1) under base-line,SWL1.5 and SWL2 modeled by the four cMIP5 ESMs.Our results indicated that the chinese grasslands would have higher productivity than the baseline and can mitigate climate change through increased C sequestration under future global warming of 1.5℃ and 2℃ with the increase of precipitation and the global increase of atmospheric CO_(2) concentration. | Zhaoqi Wang Jinfeng Chang Shushi Peng Shilong Piao Philippe Ciais Richard Betts | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，5： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员