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| 1 | 中国成年人主要死亡原因及其危险因素显示文摘目的调查我国成人的主要死亡原因及其可改变的主要危险因素。方法前瞻性队列研究。该队列包括169871名≥40岁男女性有代表性样本,基线调查于1991年,于1999和2000年进行随访,随访率为93.4%。结果我国40~64岁人群中,恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病死亡率分别为265.9/10万人.年、171.5/10万人.年和159.1/10万人.年,高于美国同年龄人群。高血压的全死因相对危险性和人群归因危险度(PAR)分别为1.48%(95%CI1.44~1.53),11.7%;与未患高血压的人群相比,高血压患者总死亡率高48%,若高血压得到有效控制,预计全人群的全死因死亡将下降11.7%。吸烟、缺乏体力活动分别为第2、3位主要死亡原因,吸烟、缺乏体力活动PAR分别是7.9%和6.8%。男性的前5位死因为恶性肿瘤、心脏病、脑血管疾病、意外伤害和传染病;女性前5位死因为心脏病、脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、肺炎、流感和传染性疾病。结论血管疾病和癌症是中国成年人死亡的主要原因。控制血压、戒烟、增加体力活动和改善营养等方法是降低中国成年人早死负担的重要策略。 | 顾东风 Jiang He 吴锡桂 段秀芳 姚崇华 王家良 Kristi Reynolds Chung-Shiuan Chen Michael J.Klag Paul K.Whelton | 2006 | 中国慢性病预防与控制2006，14，3： | 74 |
| 2 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 3 | Carbon-based supercapacitors for efficient energy storage显示文摘The advancement of modern electronic devices depends strongly on the highly efficient energy sources possessing high energy density and power density. In this regard, supercapacitors show great promise. Due to the unique hierarchical structure, excellent electrical and mechanical properties, and high specific surface area, carbon nanomaterials(particularly, carbon nanotubes, graphene, mesoporous carbon and their hybrids) have been widely investigated as efficient electrode materials in supercapacitors. This review article summarizes progress in high-performance supercapacitors based on carbon nanomaterials with an emphasis on the design and fabrication of electrode structures and elucidation of charge-storage mechanisms. Recent developments on carbon-based flexible and stretchable supercapacitors for various potential applications,including integrated energy sources, self-powered sensors and wearable electronics, are also discussed. | Xuli Chen Rajib Paul Liming Dai | 2017 | National Science Review2017，4，3： | 46 |
| 4 | Nat Genet:单细胞分析解开结直肠癌细胞的神秘面纱显示文摘结合单细胞基因组学和计算机技术,一个研究团队(包括来自杰克逊实验室(JAx)单细胞生物学主任Paul Robson博士在内)鉴定出了11种结直肠癌肿瘤的癌细胞组成及邻近的非癌细胞。这对于更好的肿瘤靶向诊断和治疗很重要。”使用单细胞测序。”JAX科学家、这篇发表在Nature Genetics上的文章共同第一作者Elise Courtois说道。”我们可以根据肿瘤中的细胞组成将结直肠癌进一步分类。因为每种亚型的肿瘤病人生存率存在差别,我们的方法将为肿瘤医生提供更多的关于肿瘤预后和治疗的信息。” | Huipeng Li, Elise T Courtois, Debarka Sengupta, Yuliana Tan Shyam Prabhakar Elise T Courtois, Yuliana Tan Paul Robson Debarka Sengupta Kok Hao Chen, Jolene Jie Lin Goh Paul Jongjoon Choi Say Li Kong, Axel M Hillmer Iain Beehuat Tan Clarinda Chua Iain Beehuat Tan Lim Kiat Hon Wah Siew Tan Mark Wong Lawrence J K Wee Iain Beehuat Tan Paul Robson Paul Robson Paul Robson | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，15： | 37 |
| 5 | Partial melting of deeply subducted continental crust and the formation of quartzofeldspathic polyphase inclusions in the Sulu UHP eclogites显示文摘Two types of quartzofeldspathic inclusions hosted by omphacite and garnet were identified in the Sulu UHP eclogites. The first consists of albite, quartz, and various amounts of K-feldspar. In contrast, the second consists predominantly of K-feldspar and quartz without any albite. The presence of quart-zofeldspathic inclusions within the UHP mafic eclogites indicates that partial melting occurred in deeply subducted continental crust via mica dehydration melting reactions at an early stage of rapid exhumation. Such a melting event generated hydrous Na-K-Al-Si melts. These melts infiltrated into the mafic eclogite and were captured by recrystallizing garnet or omphacite, which together followed by dehydration and crystallization to form feldspar-bearing polyphase inclusions. Formation of silicate melts within the deeply subducted continental slab not only provides an excellent medium to transport both mobile (LILE) and immobile (HFSE) elements over a large distance, but also induces effective changes in the physical properties of the UHP slab. This process could be a major factor that enhances rapid exhumation of a deeply subducted continental slab. | ZENG LingSen LIANG FengHua ASIMOW Paul CHEN FangYuan CHEN JJng | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，15： | 27 |
| 6 | ERK kinase phosphorylates and destabilizes the tumor suppressor FBW7 in pancreatic cancer显示文摘 | Shunrong Ji Yi Qin Si Shi Xiangyuan Liu Hongli HU Hu Zhou Jing Gao Bo Zhang Wenyan Xu Jiang Liu Dingkong Liang Liang Liu Chen Liu Jiang Long Haijun Zhou Paul J Chiao Jin Xu Quanxing Ni Daming Gao Xianjun Yu | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，5： | 19 |
| 7 | Distinctive melt activity and chromite mineralization in Luobusa and Purang ophiolites, southern Tibet: constraints from trace element compositions of chromite and olivine显示文摘To investigate the factors controlling the mineralization in ophiolites we systematically compared the petrology and mineral compositions of the harzburgites/lherzolites, dunites and chromitites in the Luobusa and Purang ophiolites. Generally, the petrological features and trace element compositions of chromite and olivine in peridotite and chromitite are distinctly different between the two ophiolites.In Luobusa, boninitic melts are inferred to have interacted with the harzburgites and modified the distributions of some trace elements(e.g., Ni, Mn and V) in chromite and olivine. The subsequently formed dunites and chromitites experienced significant elemental exchange. In contrast, the Purang ophiolite contains a wider range of chromitite compositions and records diverse melt activities, such as the growth of relatively abundant secondary clinopyroxene. The metasomatic melts were enriched in Al and depleted in Si, Na and highly incompatible trace elements(e.g., Nb, Zr). Such melts resemble MORBlike melts proposed in the literature but are assumed to be more hydrous than typical MORB because of presence of hydrous minerals. The parental magmas of the Purang dunites and intermediate chromitites are inferred to be compositionally intermediate between boninitic and MORB-like melts. In addition,the more refractory nature of the Luobusa harzburgites facilitated a high Cr concentration gradient with the interacting melts, making it easier to increase Cr in the melts. Crystallization of clinopyroxene and amphibole in the Purang ophiolite accommodated significant amounts of Cr and water, respectively,and negatively affected Cr concentration and chromite crystallization. The concentration of chromite to form chromitites requires the presence of focused melt channels. | Benxun Su Meifu Zhou Jiejun Jing Paul T. Robinson Chen Chen Yan Xiao Xia Liu Rendeng Shi Davide Lenaz Yan Hu | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，2： | 15 |
| 8 | Bacterial diversity and distribution in the southeast edge of the Tengger Desert and their correlation with soil enzyme activities显示文摘The nature of microbial communities and their relation to enzyme activities in desert soils is a neglected area of investigation. To address this, the bacterial diversity and distribution and soil physico-chemical factors were investigated in the soil crust, the soil beneath the crust and rhizosphere soil at the southeast edge of the Tengger Desert, using the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of 16S rRNA genes amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced DGGE bands revealed a great diversity of bacteria. The Proteobacteria, consisting of the α, β, and γ subdivisions, were clearly the dominant group at all depths and in rhizosphere soil. Analysis of the enzyme activities indicated that the rhizosphere soil of Caragana korshinskii exhibited the highest protease and polyphenol oxidase activities, and in the soil crust there were increased activities of catalase, urease, dehydrogenase and sucrase. The bacterial community abundance closely correlated with soil enzyme activities in different soils. The presence of Cyanobacteria correlated with significant increases in protease, catalase and sucrase in the soil crust, and increased urease in the rhizosphere soil of Artemisia ordosica. The occurrence of Acidobacteria was associated with significant increases in urease, dehydrogenase, and sucrase in the rhizosphere soil of C. korshinski. The presence of γ-Proteobacteria correlated with a significant increase in polyphenol oxidase in the rhizosphere soil of A. ordosica. The study indicated a close relationship between the soil bacterial community and soil enzymes, suggesting the necessity of further investigations into bacterial function in this desert ecosystem. | Wei Zhang Gaosen Zhang Guangxiu Liu Zhibao Dong Tuo Chen Manxiao Zhang Paul J.Dyson Lizhe An | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，11： | 14 |
| 9 | Ciliary parathyroid hormone signaling activates transforming growth factor-βto maintain intervertebral disc homeostasis during aging显示文摘Degenerative disc disease(DDD) is associated with intervertebral disc degeneration of spinal instability. Here, we report that the cilia of nucleus pulposus(NP) cells mediate mechanotransduction to maintain anabolic activity in the discs. We found that mechanical stress promotes transport of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor(PTH1 R) to the cilia and enhances parathyroid hormone(PTH) signaling in NP cells. PTH induces transcription of integrin α_vβ_6 to activate the transforming growth factor(TGF)-β-connective tissue growth factor(CCN2)-matrix proteins signaling cascade. Intermittent injection of PTH(iPTH) effectively attenuates disc degeneration of aged mice by direct signaling through NP cells, specifically improving intervertebral disc height and volume by increasing levels of TGF-β activity, CCN2, and aggrecan. PTH1 R is expressed in both mouse and human NP cells. Importantly,knockout PTH1 R or cilia in the NP cells results in significant disc degeneration and blunts the effect of PTH on attenuation of aged discs. Thus, mechanical stress-induced transport of PTH1 R to the cilia enhances PTH signaling, which helps maintain intervertebral disc homeostasis, particularly during aging, indicating therapeutic potential of iPTH for DDD. | Liwei Zheng Yong Cao Shuangfei Ni Huabin Qi Zemin Ling Xin Xu Xuenong Zou Tianding Wu Ruoxian Deng Bo Hu Bo Gao Hao Chen Yusheng Li Jianxi Zhu Francis Tintani Shadpour Demehri Amit Jain Khaled M.Kebaish Shenghui Liao Cheryle A.Séguin Janet L.Crane Mei Wan Hongbin Lu Paul D.Sponseller Lee H.RileyIII Xuedong Zhou Jianzhong Hu Xu Cao | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，3： | 13 |
| 10 | 2018 update of expert consensus statement on antiplatelet therapy in East Asian patients with ACS or undergoing PCI显示文摘East Asians are the most populous race in the world and their health status is an important global issue.Compared with Caucasian populations, East Asian patients have a different benefit/risk ratio when using antithrombotic treatment. Despite this observation, treatment strategies in East Asian patients are mostly based on the American and European guidelines. Despite a lower platelet inhibitory response to clopidogrel, East Asian patients show a similar or even a lower rate of ischemic event occurrence and higher bleeding risk compared with Caucasian patients. For potent P2Y_(12) inhibitors(ticagrelor and prasugrel),East Asian patients have shown less favorable net clinical benefits compared with Caucasian patients,which may be related to differences in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles and therapeutic zone of antiplatelet effect. This updated consensus mainly focuses on state-of-the-art and current controversies in the East Asian population. In addition, when East Asian patients are administered potent P2Y_(12) receptor inhibitors, the strategies and ongoing trials to overcome the related hurdles are discussed. | Yong Huo Young-Hoon Jeong Yanjun Gong Daowen Wang Ben He Jiyan Chen Guosheng Fu Yundai Chen Jianping Li Yi Li Shinya Goto Udaya S.Tantry Paul A.Gurbel Jong-Hwa Ahn Hyo-Soo Kim Myung Ho Jeong Yaling Han Sidney C.Smith Jr. Junbo Ge | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，3： | 12 |
| 11 | 开放存取英文刊IJABE国际化网络化办刊策略与启示显示文摘为探索网络信息时代创办OA期刊及其国际化的途径,结合中国农业与生物工程领域第一本真正意义上的OA学术期刊International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering(IJABE,www.ijabe.org)的发展历程,从以下方面阐述了OA期刊国际化网络化办刊实践与经验:刊名与域名的确定、主编的遴选、办刊宗旨及栏目设置、国际化编委会、国际化的同行评审、期刊网站的建设、远程期刊管理系统OJS的特点及客户化、办刊经费的筹集、办刊与办会有机结合的策略、以论文质量为核心的品牌化策略、以网络在线版为主纸质印刷版为辅的出版策略、全文即时OA策略、'推拉式'期刊宣传推广策略、编者-审者-作者团队的培养、积极与国际知名检索系统沟通争取被国际知名数据库收录等。最后提出了IJABE发展中存在的问题和下一步的设想及努力方向。 | 王应宽 时秀焕 吴卓晶 Paul Chen Roger Ruan 朱明 | 2013 | 中国科技期刊研究2013，24，6： | 10 |
| 12 | Analysis of a 1 kW organic Rankine cycle using a scroll expander for engine coolant and exhaust heat recovery显示文摘引擎浪费热恢复技术的发展由于升起吸引曾经增加的兴趣严格的政策要求和环境担心。这份报纸论述了引擎冷却剂的学习并且用器官的 Rankine 周期(海怪) 用尽热恢复。八个工作液体被选择评估并且比较综合浪费热恢复系统的性能。而非主要集中于利用的常规引擎海怪系统用尽精力,这个工作建议充分由改变海怪系统的设计参数使用引擎冷却剂精力。案例研究作为热来源选择了一台小引擎为力量生产用滚动扩展驾驶海怪系统。评估结果建议那在引擎下面评估了状况,充分恢复引擎冷却剂精力的解决方案能比常规引擎海怪系统的完成更高的发电表演。结果建议那补充说当工作液体是干燥的,外套倾倒系统的热需求时,到 ORC 系统的一个恢复者能潜在地改进系统表演能被 12% 在最佳的条件下面减少。当蒸发的 ORC 和压缩温度分别地被放在 85C 和 30C 时,综合引擎浪费热恢复系统能作为工作液体与 R600, R600a 或 n 戊烷在 9.3% 改进全面系统效率。 | Yiji LU Anthony Paul ROSKILLY Long JIANG Longfei CHEN Xiaoli YU | 2017 | Frontiers in Energy2017，11，4： | 10 |
| 13 | An electron microscopic-cytochemical localization of plasma membrane Ca^(2+)-ATPase activity in poplar apical bud cells during the induction of dormancy by short-day photoperiods显示文摘Plasma membrane (PM) Ca2+-ATPase activity in poplar apical bud meristematic cells during short-day (SD)-induced dormancy development was examined by a cerium precipitation EM-cytochemical method. Ca2+-ATPase activity, indicated by the status of cerium phosphate precipitated grains, was localized mainly on the interior face (cytoplasmic side) of the PM when plants were grown under long days and reached a deep dormancy. A few reaction products were also observed on the nuclear envelope.When plant buds were developing dormancy after 28 to 42 d of SD exposure, almost no reaction products were present on the interior face of the PM. In contrast, a large number of cerium phosphate precipitated grains were distributed on the exterior face of the PM. After 70 d of SD exposure, when buds had developed a deep dormancy, the reaction products of Ca2+-ATPase activity again appeared on the interior face of the PM. The results seemed suggesting that two kinds of Ca2+-ATPases may be present on the PM during the SD-induced dormancy in poplar.One is the Ca2+-punlping ATPase, which is located on the interior face of the PM, for maintaining and restoring the Ca2+homeostasis. The other might be an ecto-Ca2+-ATPase, which is located on the exterior face of the PM, for the exocytosis of cell wall materials as suggested by the fact of the cell wall thickening during the dormancy developlnent in poplar. | JIAN LING CHENG JI HONG LI PAUL H LI TONY HH CHEN(Tel: 1612 624 1757 Fax: +1612 624 4941 E-mail: lixxx008@tc.umn.edu)(1Laboratory of Plant Hardiness, Department of Horticultural Science and Plant Biological Sciences Program, University of Minnesota, | 2000 | Cell Research2000，10，2： | 9 |
| 14 | Review of the biological and engineering aspects of algae to fuels approach显示文摘Current biofuel production relies on limited arable lands on the earth,and is impossible to meet the biofuel demands.Oil producing algae are alternative biofuel feedstock with potential to meet the world’s ambitious goal to replace fossil fuels.This review provides an overview of the biological and engineering aspects in the production and processing technologies and recent advances in research and development in the algae to fuels approach.The article covers biology,selection and genetic modification of algae species and strains,production systems design,culture media and light management,harvest and dewatering,downstream processing,and environment and economic assessment.Despite the many advances made over several decades,commercialization of algal fuels remains challenging chiefly because of the techno-economic constraints.Technological breakthroughs in all major aspects must take place before commercial production of algal fuels becomes economically viable. | Paul Chen Min Min Yifeng Chen Liang Wang Yecong Li Qin Chen Chenguang Wang Yiqin Wan Xiaoquan Wang Yanling Cheng Shaobo Deng Kevin Hennessy Xiangyang Lin Yuhuan Liu Yingkuan Wang Blanca Martinez Roger Ruan | 2009 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2009，2，4： | 9 |
| 15 | Role of CD56-expressing immature biliary epithelial cells in biliary atresia显示文摘AIM: To analyze the clinical and pathological parameters and expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule(CD56) in patients with biliary atresia(BA).METHODS: Established clinical laboratory markers of hepatic function, including enzyme activity, protein synthesis, and bilirubin metabolism, were evaluated in patients with BA and compared with those in patients with choledochal cysts and neonatal hepatitis. Pathological changes in tissue morphology and fibrosis were examined by histological and tissue collagen staining. Immunohistochemical staining for the biliary epithelial cell markers CD56 and CK19 together with the Notch signaling related molecules Notch1 and Notch2 was performed in the context of alterations in the structure of intrahepatic biliary ducts.RESULTS: Differences in some clinical laboratoryparameters among the three diseases examined were observed, but they did not correlate with the pathological classification of fibrosis in BA. Immunohistochemical staining showed the presence of CD56-positive immature bile ducts in most patients(74.5%) with BA but not in patients with choledochal cysts or neonatal hepatitis. The number of CD56-expressing cells correlated with disease severity, with more positive cells present in the later stages of liver damage(81.8% vs 18.2%). Furthermore, bile plugs were mainly found in CD56-positive immature biliary ducts. Notch signaling was a key regulatory pathway in biliary duct formation and played a role in tissue fibrosis. Notch1 was co-expressed in CD56-positive cells, whereas Notch2 was found exclusively in blood vessels in the portal area of patients with BA. CONCLUSION: The maturation of biliary epithelial cells and the expression of Notch may play a role in the pathogenesis of BA. | Rui-Zhong Zhang Jia-Kang Yu Jiao Peng Feng-Hua Wang Hai-Ying Liu Vincent CH Lui John M Nicholls Paul KH Tam Jonathan R Lamb Yan Chen Hui-Min Xia | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 8 |
| 16 | The Induction of Liver Microsomal Cytochrome P450 by Glycyrrhiza uralensis and Glycyrrhetinic acid in Mice显示文摘The effect of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (GRZ) aqueous extract and one of its active principles Glycyrrhetinic acid (GRT) on hepatic cytochrome P450 in mice were investigated. Oral administration of GRZ at 10g/kg/d or GRT at 50 mg/kg/d for 7 days was foulld to increase the P450 contents up to 4.6 fold compared with the controls. The activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH,3. 1 and 3. 3 fold), aminopyrine N-demethylase (ADM, 4. 2 and 3. 2 folds), and 7-ethoxycumarin O-deethylase (ECOD, 2. 8 and 2. 5 fold) were also shown to be increased. Westem blot analysis showed that the subtypes of P450 isoforms induced selectively by GRZ and GRT included CYP1A1 (1. 8 and 1. 5 fold over that of the control, respectively), CYP2B1 (both 1.3 fold), and CYP2C11(3 .2 and 3 .0 fold). Moreover, significant positive correlation between the P450 content or the isoforms and the corresponding enzyme activities mentioned above was observed. | HU WEN-YU LI YA-WEI HOU YAN-NING HE KAN (Department of Pharmacology, Instiute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Scicnces & Beijing Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China) CHEN JIE-FU (Yang-Ming Medical University, Taipei) BUT PAUL PU | 1999 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1999，12，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Over-expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 in human hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To describe the significant over-expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), which is a signal transduction and cell proliferation related gene in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: Following DNA microarray, Northern blot and quantitative real-time PCR were employed to confirm FGFR3 expression difference in HCC tissues and surrounding non-neoplastic liver tissue. FGFR3 expression levels were further determined by immunohistochemical study in 43 cases of HCC.RESULTS: Northern blot results showed the significant over-expression of FGFR3 in HCC tissues, which was consistent with that from DNA microarray. Quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated that the mean ratio of FGFR3 mRNA to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GADPH) mRNA in HCC tissue was 0.250, whereas the ratio in non-neoplastic liver tissue was 0.014. Statistical analyses of 43 cases of HCC revealed that HCC scored higher than the matched non-neoplastic liver tissues.Examination of clinicopathological features revealed a strong correlation of over-expression of FGFR3 with poor tumor differentiation and high nuclear grade.CONCLUSION: Over-expression of FGFR3 may play an important role in liver carcinogenesis. FGFR3 may be an ideal candidate as a molecular marker in the diagnosis of HCC and a potential therapeutic target. | Wei-Hua Qiu Bing-Sen Zhou Peiguo G. Chu Wen-Gang Chen Christopher Chung Jennifer Shih Paul Hwu Christopher Yeh Richard Lopez Yun Yen | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，34： | 8 |
| 18 | 中国成年人体重与死亡率的关系显示文摘目的探讨中国成年人体重指数(BMI)与死亡率的关系。方法本项前瞻性队列研究包括全国40岁以上男性和女性共169 871人。1991年采用标准化方案进行基线调查获得体重和其它各项数据,1999年至2000年对该人群进行了全部死亡原因的随访,应答率93.4%(n=158 666)。结果排除体重或身高缺失的数据后,共分析了154 736名成年人的资料。在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、文化程度、地域以及城乡等因素后,BMI与全因死亡率之间呈'U'型相关(p<0.01)。若以BMI 24.0~24.9 kg/m^2者为参照组,BMI<18.5、18.5~19.9、20.0~20.9、21.0~21.9、22.0~22.9、23.0~23.9、25.0~26.9、27.0~29.9和≥30.0 kg/m^2组的全因死亡相对危险度分别为1.65(95%CI,1.54-1.77)、1.31(95%CI,1.22.1.41)、1.20(95%CI,1.11-1.29)、1.12(95%CI,1.04-1.21)、1.11(95%CI,1.03-1.20)、1.09(95%CI,1.01.1.19)、1.00(95%CI,0.92-1.08)、1.15(95%CI,1.06.1.24)和1.29(95%CI,,1.16-1.42)。即使排除了现在或曾经吸烟者、酗酒者、基线检查有慢性疾病者、基线调查后3年内死亡者,这种'U'型关系仍然存在。BMI与心血管疾病、癌症以及其它死因死亡率之间均有类似关系。结论中国成年人群低体重和肥胖都与死亡率的增加有关,建议在所有种族和民族中采用一个共同标准来定义超重和肥胖。 | 顾东风 HE Jiang 段秀芳 吴锡桂 Kristi Reynolds CHEN Jing 黄广勇 CHEN Chung Shiuan Paul K.Whelton 陈纪春 | 2007 | 中华内分泌代谢杂志2007，23，4： | 8 |
| 19 | Synergistic antibacterial activity of physical-chemical multi-mechanism by TiO2 nanorod arrays for safe biofilm eradication on implant显示文摘Treatment of implant-associated infection is becoming more challenging,especially when bacterial biofilms form on the surface of the implants.Developing multi-mechanism antibacterial methods to combat bacterial biofilm infections by the synergistic effects are superior to those based on single modality due to avoiding the adverse effects arising from the latter.In this work,TiO2 nanorod arrays in combination with irradiation with 808 nearinfrared(NIR)light are proven to eradicate single specie biofilms by combining photothermal therapy,photodynamic therapy,and physical killing of bacteria.The TiO2 nanorod arrays possess efficient photothermal conversion ability and produce a small amount of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Physiologically,the combined actions of hyperthermia,ROS,and puncturing by nanorods give rise to excellent antibacterial properties on titanium requiring irradiation for only 15 min as demonstrated by our experiments conducted in vitro and in vivo.More importantly,bone biofilm infection is successfully treated efficiently by the synergistic antibacterial effects and at the same time,the TiO2 nanorod arrays improve the new bone formation around implants.In this protocol,besides the biocompatible TiO2 nanorod arrays,an extra photosensitizer is not needed and no other ions would be released.Our findings reveal a rapid bacteria-killing method based on the multiple synergetic antibacterial modalities with high biosafety that can be implemented in vivo and obviate the need for a second operation.The concept and antibacterial system described here have large clinical potential in orthopedic and dental applications. | Xiangyu Zhang Guannan Zhang Maozhou Chai Xiaohong Yao Weiyi Chen Paul KChu | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，1： | 7 |
| 20 | A long-form α-neurotoxin from cobra venom produces potent opioid-independent analgesia显示文摘Aim:In light of the antinociceptive activity of the short-chain neurotoxin,cobrotoxin,and other acetylcholine antagonists,the antinociceptive activity andmechanisms of cobratoxin(CTX),a long-chain postsynaptic α-neurotoxin,wasinvestigated in rodent pain models.Methods:CTX was administered intraperito-neally(30,45,68 μg/kg),intra-cerebral ventricularly(4.5 μg/kg)or microinjectedinto periaqueductal gray(PAG;4.5 μg/kg).The antinociceptive action was testedusing the hot-plate and acetic acid writhing tests m mice and rats.The involve-ment of the cholinergic system and opioid system in CTX-induced analgesia wasexamined by pretreatment of animals with atropine(0.5 mg/kg,im;or 10 mg/kg,ip)or naloxone(1 and 5 mg/kg,ip).The effect of CTX on motor activity was testedusing the Animex test.Results:CTX exhibited a dose-dependent analgesic ac-tion in mice as determined by both the hot-plate and acetic acid writhing tests.The peak effect of analgesia was seen 3 h after administration.In the mouse aceticacid writhing test,the intra-cerebral ventricular administration of CTX at 4.5 μg/kg(1/12th of a systemic dose)produced marked analgesic effects.Microinjection ofCTX(4.5 μgkg)into the PAG region did not elicit an analgesic action in rats in thehot-plate test.Atropine at 0.5 mg/kg(im)and naloxone at 1 and 5 mg/kg(ip)bothfailed to block the analgesic effects of CTX,but atropine at 10 mg/kg(ip)didantagonize the analgesia mediated by CTX in the mouse acetic acid writhing test.Acetylsalicylic acid(300 mg/kg)did not enhance the analgesic effects of CTX.Atthe highest effective dose of 68 μg/kg the neurotoxin did not change the sponta-neous mobility of mice.Conclusion:CTX has analgesic effects,which are medi-ated in the central nervous system though not through the PAG.The centralcholinergic system but not opioid system appears to be involved in theantinociceptive action of CTX. | Zhi-xin CHEN Hui-ling ZHANG Zhen-lun GU Bo-wen CHEN Rong HAN Paul F REID Laurence N RAYMOND Zheng-hong QIN | 2006 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2006，27，4： | 7 |
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