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| 1 | 美国临床肿瘤学会IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗的临床实践指南更新显示文摘本文旨在为IV期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供更新版推荐。本文资料检索源自2002年以来公布的相关随机试验文献。此指南范围限于化疗与生物治疗。更新委员会对这些文献进行了总结并提供了推荐更新。162篇文献符合标准被纳入参考。本推荐基于可改善总生存期的治疗方法。仅改善无进展生存期的治疗方法推动了对毒性及生存质量的监测。对于体力状态评分为0分或1分患者的一线治疗,可推荐以铂类为基础的细胞毒性药物的两药联用。对铂类治疗有禁忌的患者,可采用非铂类细胞毒性两药联合。对于体力状态评分为2分的患者,单一细胞毒性药物即可。对于疾病进展或经过4个周期的治疗仍对治疗无反应的患者,应停止一线细胞毒性化疗。即使在6个周期后患者对治疗仍有反应,亦应停止两药细胞毒性化疗。对于伴有明确的表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变的患者,可推荐一线采用吉非替尼治疗;对于EGFR突变为阴性或不明确的患者,细胞毒性化疗更佳。除具有特定临床特征的患者外,可推荐贝伐单抗与卡铂-紫杉醇联用。对于通过免疫组化证实EGFR阳性的肿瘤患者,可推荐西妥昔单抗与顺铂-长春瑞滨联用。多西紫杉醇、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼或培美曲塞被推荐作为二线治疗。对于未曾接受过厄洛替尼或吉非替尼治疗的患者,可推荐厄洛替尼作为三线治疗。现有数据不足以推荐常规三线采用细胞毒性药物。已有的证据也不足以推荐常规应用分子标记物选择化疗。 | Christopher G. AZZOLI Sherman Baker JR Sarah TEMIN William PAO Timothy ALIFF Julie BRAHMER David H. JOHNSON Janessa L. LASKIN Gregory MASTERS Daniel MILTON Luke NORDQUIST David G. PFISTER Steven PIANTADOSI Joan H. SCHILLER Reily SMITH Thomas J. SMITH John R. STRAWN David TRENT Giuseppe GIACCONE 丁燕(翻译) 南娟(翻译) 刘谦(翻译) 周清华(校对) 陈军(校对) | 2010 | 中国肺癌杂志2010，13，3： | 43 |
| 2 | Clinical algorithms for the prevention of variceal bleeding and rebleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis显示文摘Portal hypertension(PH),a common complication of liver cirrhosis,results in development of esophageal varices.When esophageal varices rupture,they cause significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding with mortality rates up to 20%despite state-of-the-art treatment.Thus,prophylactic measures are of utmost importance to improve outcomes of patients with PH.Several high-quality studies have demonstrated that non-selective beta blockers(NSBBs)or endoscopic band ligation(EBL)are effective for primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding.In secondary prophylaxis,a combination of NSBB+EBL should be routinely used.Once esophageal varices develop and variceal bleeding occurs,standardized treatment algorithms should be followed to minimize bleeding-associated mortality.Special attention should be paid to avoidance of overtransfusion,early initiation of vasoconstrictive therapy,prophylactic antibiotics and early endoscopic therapy.Pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt should be used in all Child C10-C13 patients experiencing variceal bleeding,and potentially in Child B patients with active bleeding at endoscopy.The use of carvedilol,safety of NSBBs in advanced cirrhosis(i.e.with refractory ascites)and assessment of hepatic venous pressure gradient response to NSBB is discussed.In the present review,we give an overview on the rationale behind the latest guidelines and summarize key papers that have led to significant advances in the field. | Nikolaus Pfisterer Lukas W Unger Thomas Reiberger | 2021 | World Journal of Hepatology2021，13，7： | 11 |
| 3 | Simultaneous monitoring of PCB profiles in the urban air of Dalian,China with active and passive samplings显示文摘The concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the urban air of Dalian, China was monitored from November 2009 to October 2010 with active high-volume sampler and semipermeable membrane device (SPMD) passive sampler. The concentration of PCBs (particle + gas) ( ∑ PCBs) ranged from 18.6 to 91.0 pg/m 3 , with an average of 50.9 pg/m 3 , and the most abundant dioxin-like PCB (DL-PCBs) was PCB118. The WHO-TEQ values of DL-PCBs were 3.6-22.1 fg/m3 , with an average of 8.5 fg/m 3 , and PCB126 was the maximum contributor to ∑ TEQ. There was a much larger amount of PCBs in the gas phase than in the particulate phase. The dominant PCB components were lower and middle molecular weight PCBs. With increasing chlorination level, the concentration of the PCB congeners in the air decreased. The gas-particulate partitioning of PCBs was different for the four seasons. The gas- particulate partitioning coefficients (logK p ) vs. subcooled liquid vapor pressures (logP L 0 ) of PCBs had reasonable correlations for different sampling sites and seasons. The absorption mechanism contributed more to the gas-particulate partitioning process than adsorption. Correlation analysis of meteorological parameters with the concentration of PCBs was conducted using SPSS packages. The ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure were important factors influencing the concentration of PCBs in the air. The distribution pattern of the congeners of PCBs and the dominant contributors to DL-PCBs and TEQ in active samples and SPMDs passive samples were similar. SPMD mainly sequestrated gas phase PCBs. | Qian Xu Xiuhua Zhu Bernhard Henkelmann Karl-Werner Schramm Jiping Chen Yuwen Ni Wei Wang Gerd Pfister Jun Mu Songtao Qin Yan Li | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，1： | 8 |
| 4 | Two-phase air-water flows: Scale effects in physical modeling显示文摘Physical modeling represents probably the oldest design tool in hydraulic engineering together with analytical approaches. In free surface flows, the similitude based upon a Froude similarity allows for a correct representation of the dominant forces, namely gravity and inertia. As a result fluid flow properties such as the capillary forces and the viscous forces might be incorrectly reproduced, affecting the air entrainment and transport capacity of a high-speed model flow. Small physical models operating under a Froude similitude systematically underestimate the air entrainment rate and air-water interfacial properties. To limit scale effects, minimal values of Reynolds or Weber number have to be respected. The present article summarizes the physical background of such limitations and their combination in terms of the Morton number. Based upon a literature review, the existing limits are presented and discussed, resulting in a series of more conservative recommendations in terms of air concentration scaling. For other air-water flow parameters, the selection of the criteria to assess scale effects is critical because some parameters(e.g., bubble sizes, turbulent scales) can be affected by scale effects, even in relatively large laboratory models. | PFISTER Michael CHANSON Hubert | 2014 | Journal of Hydrodynamics2014，26，2： | 7 |
| 5 | 用于透皮给药系统的渗透促进剂显示文摘理论上应用于透皮给药系统中的药物应具备以下物理化学特点:1.分子量<400Da;2.每日剂量<20mg;3.低熔点;4.低极性。然而,实际上约90%以上的药物不具备这些特性,因而处方中需加入一定量的促进剂,才能制成理想的透皮给药系统。促进剂分类凡能帮助药物穿过角质层和表皮扩散的物质即为透皮促进剂及吸收促进剂,总称促进剂。其促进药物经皮吸收的程度主要取决于药物本身的物理化学性质和分子性质。大多数药物的透皮吸收为被动扩散过程,其扩散行为符合Fick’s第一扩散定律。 | Pfister WR 章丽华 | 1991 | 国外医药(合成药.生化药.制剂分册)1991，12，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Salt Stress Triggers Phosphorylation of the Arabidopsis Vacuolar K+ Channel TPK1 by Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases (CDPKs)显示文摘 | Andreas Latz Norbert Mehlmer Simone Zapf Thomas D. Mueller Bernhard Wurzinger Barbara Pfister Edina Csaszar Rainer Hedrich Markus Teige Dirk Becker | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，4： | 5 |
| 7 | 应用基于2幅2D门静脉造影反向投影的3D路径图改善经颈静脉肝内门体静脉分流术的穿刺显示文摘本研究目的是通过应用3D路径图防止经颈静脉肝内门体静脉分流术(TIPS)穿刺失败。本研究经机构伦理委员会批准.所有病人行TIPs术前均签署知情同意书。4例病人根据00和右前斜300投照分别获得的2幅2DC0:门静脉造影图像,制定3D穿刺路径图。将此路径图叠加在肝脏的透视图像上,引导穿刺。4例病人中有3例首次穿刺即进入靶血管.1例门静脉狭窄者第3次穿刺进入门静脉。此方法能显著提高TIPs手术的安全性,并减少了穿刺时间。 | R. A damus M. Pfister R.W. Loose 李瑞利(译) 季倩(校) 陈光(校) | 2009 | 国际医学放射学杂志2009，32，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Non-selective β Blockers Increase Risk for Hepatorenal Syndrome and Death in Patients with Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis显示文摘 | Mattias Mandorfer Simona Bota Philipp Schwabl Theresa Bucsics Nikolaus Pfisterer Matthias Kruzik Michael Hagmann Alexander Blacky Arnulf Ferlitsch Wolfgang Sieghart Michael Trauner Markus Peck-Radosavljevic Thomas Reiberger | 2014 | Gastroenterology2014，，： | 3 |
| 9 | Multi-scale image harmonization显示文摘 | Kalyan Sunkavalli Micah K. Johnson Wojciech Matusik Hanspeter Pfister | 2010 | ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG)2010，，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Infuence of hormonal contraceptiveson microbial flora of gingival sulcus显示文摘 | Klinger G Eick S Pfister W | 1998 | Contraception1998，57，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Cell-surface Expression of the Channel Activating Protease xCAP-1 Is Required for Activation of ENaC in the Xenopus Oocyte显示文摘 | Vallet V Pfister C Lolling J | 2002 | J Am Soc Nephrol (S1046 - 6673 )2002，13，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Serious complications of topical mitomycin C after pterygium surgery显示文摘 | Pfister RR Stein RM | 1992 | Ophthalmology1992，99，： | 1 |
| 13 | 3D TV: A Scalable System for Real -Time Acquisition, Transmission,and Autostereoscopic Display of Dynamic Scenes 显示文摘 | Wojciech Matusik Hanspeter Pfister | 2004 | ACM Transaction on Graphics2004，，23： | 1 |
| 14 | Delayed erythropoietin therapy reduces post-MI cardiac remodeling only at a dose that mobilizes endothelial progenitor cells 显示文摘 | Prunier Fabrice Pfister Otmar Hadri Lahouria | 2007 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2007，292，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Multiple resonance damping or how do trees escape dangerously large oscillations ? 显示文摘 | Hanns - Christof Spatz Franka Bruchert Jochen Pfisterer | 2007 | American Journal of Botany2007，94，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Late clinical events after elopi- dogrel discontinuation may limit the benefit of drugeluting stents: an observational study of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents 显示文摘 | PFISTERER M BRUNNER-LA ROCCA H P BUSER P T | 2006 | J Am Coll Cardiol2006，48，： | 1 |
| 17 | Augmened vasoconstrictor response to serotonin precede development of artherosclerosis in aorta of WHHL rabbit显示文摘 | WINES P A SCHMITZ J M PFISTER S L | 1989 | Atheriosclerosis1989，9，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthetic complementary peptides inhibit a neutrophil chemoattractant found in alkali - injured cornea 显示文摘 | Pfister RR Haddox JL Blalock JE | 2000 | Cornea2000，19，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Larkspur chemistry:Toxic alkaloids in tall larkspurs显示文摘 | Manners GD Pfister JA Ralphs M H | 1992 | Range Manage1992，45，： | 1 |
| 20 | Mangement of platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer显示文摘 | Pfisterer J Ledermann JA | 2006 | Seminars in Oncology2006，33，6： | 1 |
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