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| 1 | 国外政府数据开放研究综述:公共管理的视角显示文摘从公共管理的视角对国际政府数据开放研究的文献进行了梳理和评述。综述表明,目前国际上政府数据开放的研究对象已覆盖不同类型的国家和地区,大多数研究都采用了经验研究方法;在研究内容上,主要聚焦于政府开放数据的标准与原则、意义与价值、面临的挑战以及各种影响因素间的互动等方面。其中,对于'政府数据开放'的意义与价值,国外文献主要强调了开放政府数据在政治、经济、社会等方面所能创造的公共价值;对于'政府数据开放'所面临的挑战,则主要来自数据层面和管理层面,前者包括数据准确性、数据保密、数据整合、数据背景描述、数据所有权、数据位置、用户对数据的使用和解读能力等,后者包括权力结构、组织架构、部门利益、组织文化和人员意识等,这些影响因素间呈现动态互动关系。 | 徐慧娜 郑磊 Theresa Pardo | 2013 | 电子政务2013，，6： | 35 |
| 2 | Progress in Brucella vaccine development显示文摘Brucella spp。是 zoonotic,容许的细胞内部的病原体,它原因动物和人的疾病。在胎儿的流产的动物疾病结果;在人,它与起伏的发烧表明像流感的症状,与象感染的普通复杂并发症的骨关节炎。为人的普鲁斯病病人的抗菌素政体可以持续几个月并且不总是是完全有效的。当为人没有疫苗时,几支准许的实时 Brucella 疫苗为在家畜的使用是可得到的。这些动物疫苗的表演依赖于免疫的宿主种,剂量,和线路。最新设计了实时疫苗,缺乏明确的毒力因素,保留低剩余毒力,是高度保护的,并且可以某天代替当前使用的动物疫苗。这些也有可能的人的应用。而且由于他们在动物模型的提高的安全和功效,为普鲁斯病的子单元疫苗在家畜和人为他们的申请显示出大诺言。这评论总结普鲁斯病疫苗开发的进步并且给出候选人疫苗的概述。 | Xinghong YAN Jerod A. SKYBERG Ling CAO Beata CLAPP Theresa THORNBURG David W. PASCUAL | 2013 | Frontiers in Biology2013，8，1： | 27 |
| 3 | Elastography-based screening for esophageal varices in patients with advanced chronic liver disease显示文摘Elastography-based liver stiffness measurement(LSM) is a non-invasive tool for estimating liver fibrosis but also provides an estimate for the severity of portal hypertension in patients with advanced chronic liver disease(ACLD). The presence of varices and especially of varices needing treatment(VNT) indicates distinct prognostic stages in patients with compensated ACLD(cACLD). The Baveno VI guidelines suggested a simple algorithm based on LSM < 20 kPa(by transient elastography, TE) and platelet count > 150 G/L for ruling-out VNT in patients with cACLD. These(and other) TE-based LSM cut-offs have been evaluated for VNT screening in different liver disease etiologies. Novel point shear-wave elastography(pSWE) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography(2D-SWE) methodologies for LSM have also been evaluated for their ability to screen for 'any' varices and for VNT. Finally, the measurement of spleen stiffness(SSM) by elastography(mainly by pSWE and 2D-SWE) may represent another valuable screening tool for varices. Here, we summarize the current literature on elastography-based prediction of 'any' varices and VNT. Finally,we have summarized the published LSM and SSM cut-offs in clinically useful scale cards. | Rafael Paternostro Thomas Reiberger Theresa Bucsics | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，3： | 20 |
| 4 | miR-106b-25/miR-17-92 clusters: Polycistrons with oncogenic roles in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘MicroRNAs are small endogenously expressed RNA molecules which are involved in the process of silencing gene expression through translational regulation.The polycistronic miR-17-92 cluster is the first microRNA cluster shown to play a role in tumorigenesis.It has two other paralogs in the human genome,the miR-106b-25 cluster and the miR-106a-363 cluster.Collectively,the microRNAs encoded by these clusters can be further grouped based on the seed sequences into four families,namely the miR-17,the miR-92,the miR-18and the miR-19 families.Over-expression of the miR-106b-25 and miR-17-92 clusters has been reported not only during the development of cirrhosis but also subsequently during the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.Members of these clusters have also been shown to affect the replication of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses.Various targets of these microRNAs have been identified,and these targets are involved in tumor growth,cell survival and metastasis.In this review,we first describe the regulation of these clusters by c-Myc and E2F1,and how the members of these clusters inturn regulate E2F1 expression forming an auto-regulatory loop.In addition,the roles of the various members of the clusters in affecting relevant target gene expression in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma will also be discussed. | Weiqi Tan Yang Li Seng-Gee Lim Theresa MC Tan | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 17 |
| 5 | Neural progenitor cells but not astrocytes respond distally to thoracic spinal cord injury in rat models显示文摘Traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI) is a detrimental condition that causes loss of sensory and motor function in an individual. Many complex secondary injury cascades occur after SCI and they offer great potential for therapeutic targeting. In this study, we investigated the response of endogenous neural progenitor cells,astrocytes, and microglia to a localized thoracic SCI throughout the neuroaxis. Twenty-five adult female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent mild-contusion thoracic SCI(n = 9), sham surgery(n = 8), or no surgery(n = 8). Spinal cord and brain tissues were fixed and cut at six regions of the neuroaxis. Immunohistochemistry showed increased reactivity of neural progenitor cell marker nestin in the central canal at all levels of the spinal cord. Increased reactivity of astrocyte-specific marker glial fibrillary acidic protein was found only at the lesion epicenter. The number of activated microglia was significantly increased at the lesion site,and activated microglia extended to the lumbar enlargement. Phagocytic microglia and macrophages were significantly increased only at the lesion site. There were no changes in nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein,microglia and macrophage response in the third ventricle of rats subjected to mild-contusion thoracic SCI compared to the sham surgery or no surgery. These findings indicate that neural progenitor cells, astrocytes and microglia respond differently to a localized SCI, presumably due to differences in inflammatory signaling. These different cellular responses may have implications in the way that neural progenitor cells can be manipulated for neuroregeneration after SCI. This needs to be further investigated. | Tara Nguyen Yilin Mao Theresa Sutherland Catherine Anne Gorrie | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，11： | 8 |
| 6 | Expression patterns of cytokine,growth factor and cell cycle-related genes after partial hepatectomy in rats with thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis显示文摘瞄准:在与影响肝新生的因素的关系在对部分肝切除术的正常和硬变肝的回答检验差别。方法:肝硬化被 thioacetamide 的管理在老鼠导致。未经治疗的老鼠被用作控制。象肝脏硬化症的老鼠一样的控制老鼠受到 70% 部分肝切除术。在在肝切除术以后的不同时间点,肝被收集, cytokines,生长因素和房间周期蛋白质的层次被分析。结果:在肝切除术以后,当与直到 72 的控制相比 h 张贴肝切除术,肝脏硬化症的残余显著地表示了 cyclin D1,它的激酶搭挡, cdk4,和 cyclin E 的底层。当时,显著地, cyclin A 和 cdk2 的底层也被观察 cdk 禁止者, p27 显著地更高。另外,有的更低的 IL-6 比控制铺平的肝脏硬化症的组根本组织时间点直到 72 h 追随者切除术。结论:从我们的学习的数据证明在肝脏硬化症的残余的那个损害的肝新生与 cyclins 和 cdks 的低表示被联系。这可能是在将接着影响调整在新生过程期间涉及房间增长和新陈代谢的动态平衡的基因的抄写因素的行动的硬变肝残余的低 IL-6 层次的后果。 | Shu Yang Chon Kar Leow Theresa May Chin Tan | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，7： | 8 |
| 7 | Transcranial magnetic stimulation: potential treatment for co-occurring alcohol, traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorders显示文摘Alcohol use disorder(AUD), mild traumatic brain injury(m TBI), and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) commonly co-occur(AUD + m TBI + PTSD). These conditions have overlapping symptoms which are, in part, reflective of overlapping neuropathology. These conditions become problematic because their co-occurrence can exacerbate symptoms. Therefore, treatments must be developed that are inclusive to all three conditions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(r TMS) is non-invasive and may be an ideal treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. There is accumulating evidence on r TMS as a treatment for people with AUD, m TBI, and PTSD each alone. However, there are no published studies to date on r TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. This review article advances the knowledge base for r TMS as a treatment for AUD + m TBI + PTSD. This review provides background information about these co-occurring conditions as well as r TMS. The existing literature on r TMS as a treatment for people with AUD, TBI, and PTSD each alone is reviewed. Finally, neurobiological findings in support of a theoretical model are discussed to inform TMS as a treatment for co-occurring AUD + m TBI + PTSD. The peer-reviewed literature was identified by targeted literature searches using Pub Med and supplemented by cross-referencing the bibliographies of relevant review articles. The existing evidence on r TMS as a treatment for these conditions in isolation, coupled with the overlapping neuropathology and symptomology of these conditions, suggests that r TMS may be well suited for the treatment of these conditions together. | Amy A.Herrold Sandra L.Kletzel Brett C.Harton R.Andrew Chambers Neil Jordan Theresa Louise-Bender Pape | 2014 | Neural Regeneration Research2014，9，19： | 6 |
| 8 | Determination of glycated hemoglobin in patients with advanced liver disease显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) determination methods and to determine fructosamine in patients with chronic hepatitis, compensated cirrhosis and in patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin.METHODS: HbA1c values were determined in 15 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis and in 20 patients with chronic hepatitis using the ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography and the immunoassay methods. Fructosamine was determined using nitroblue tetrazolium.RESULTS: Forty percent of patients with liver cirrhosis had HbA1c results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA1c method, while fructosamine results were either within the reference range or elevated. Twenty percent of patients with chronic hepatitis (hepatic fibrosis) had HbA~ results below the non-diabetic reference range by at least one HbA~ method. In patients with chronic hepatitis treated with ribavirin, 50% of HbA^c results were below the non-diabetic reference using at least one of the HbA1c methods.CONCLUSION: Only evaluated in context with all liverfunction parameters as well as a red blood count includingreticulocytes, HbA1c results should be used in patients withadvanced liver disease. HbA1c and fructosamine measurements should be used with caution when evaluating long-term glucose control in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or in patients with chronic hepatitis and ribavirin treatment. | Theresa Lahousen Karin Hegenbarth Rottraut Ille Rainer W.Lipp Robert Krause Randie R. Little Wolfgang J.Schnedl | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，15： | 5 |
| 9 | Breastfeeding and genetic factors in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease in children显示文摘Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic,debilitating disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease has not been elucidated,but is thought to be multifactorial with both environmental and genetic influences.A large body of research has been conducted to elucidate the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease.This article reviews this literature,emphasizing the studies of breastfeeding and the studies of genetic factors,particularly NOD2 polymorphisms. | Theresa A Mikhailov Sylvia E Furner | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，3： | 5 |
| 10 | Inhibition of methionine adenosyltransferase II induces FasL expression, Fas-DISC formation and caspase-8-dependent apoptotic death in T leukemic cells显示文摘蛋氨酸 adenosyltransferase II (地席 II ) 是在细胞的新陈代谢的关键酶并且从 L 蛋氨酸和 ATP 催化 S-adenosylmethionine (一样) 的形成。正常休息 T 淋巴细胞举办最小的地席 II 活动,而白血病的房间显著地显示出的激活的增殖的 T 淋巴细胞和转变 T 提高了地席 II 活动。这个工作被执行在白血病的 T 房间的幸存检验地席 II 活动和一样的生合成的角色。在一样的层次的地席 II 和结果的减少的抑制提高了 FasL mRNA 和蛋白质的表示,并且导致了圆盘(导致发信号的建筑群的死亡) 有 FADD (联系船边交货的死亡域) 和 procaspase-8 招募的形成,以及 caspase-8 激活的伴随物增加和在 c 扭动的减少铺平。开始船边交货的发信号由地席 II 抑制导致了被观察经由出价劈开连接到 mitochondrial 小径并且最终在这些房间导致增加的 caspase-3 激活和 DNA 破碎。而且,堵住地席 2A mRNA 表示,它编码地席 II 的催化子单元,用一条小介入的 RNA 途径提高了 FasL 表示和房间死亡,验证在 T 白血病的房间的幸存的地席 II 活动的必要性质。 | Tanvi S Jani Leila Gobejishvili Prachi T Hote Aditya S Barve Swati Joshi-Barve Giorgi Kharebava Jill Suttles Theresa Chen Craig J McClain Shirish Barve | 2009 | Cell Research2009，19，3： | 5 |
| 11 | 气候变化对北极地区鱼类和鱼类种群的总体影响显示文摘一些气候驱动变量(如气温和降水量)的预期变化与北极的淡水生态系统和生物区系有很大的相关性。这些将对那里当前的生态系统和鱼类产生许多直接和间接的影响。预期鱼种群的变化总体上是从正面到负面,随鱼种而不同,相同鱼种不同种群也有差异,取决于鱼种的生物学特性和耐受力。在当地水域内,鱼种群的变化是综合的。这会对未来北极的淡水鱼和河海洄游性鱼类带来大范围的可能性。由于缺乏北方地区鱼类生物学与生境相互作用方面的基本知识,加上未来气候预测的尺度问题和不确定性,大多数案例研究只能给出那些定性情景。这限制了在北极应对气候变化对鱼类和渔业影响所做的一些准备。 | James D.Reist Frederick J.Wrona Terry D.Prowse Michael Power J.Brian Dempson Richard J.Beamish Jacquelynne R.King Theresa J.Carmichael Chantelle D.Sawatzky 杨文波 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 4 |
| 12 | Up-regulation of micro RNA-210 inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting YES1显示文摘AIM: To determine the expression of micro RNA-210(mi R-210) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and to examine its role using HCC cells.METHODS: The expression of mi R-210 was determined in 21 pairs of HCC samples and the corresponding surrounding non-tumor tissues. The effects of mi R-210 on proliferation and cell cycle progression were examined using Hep G2 and Hu H7 cells. Overexpression and inhibition of mi R-210 was achieved by transfection of the cells with mi R-210 mimic or inhibitor. Luciferase reporter constructs were used to identify the mi R-210 interacting site on Yes1. Yes1 expression was examined after mi R-210 transfection,as well as in the HCC samples.RESULTS: mi R-210 was significantly up-regulated by 3.4 fold(P < 0.01) in the tumor samples. The over-expression of mi R-210 significantly reduced cell proliferation compared to the mock-treated cells(68.9% ± 7.4% and 53.6% ± 5.0%,P < 0.05 for the Hep G2 and Hu H7 cells respectively). Analysis of the Hu H7 cells transfected with mi R-210 mimic by flow cytometry showed that the cells took a longer time to reach the G2/M phase. The interaction between mi R-210 and the 3'UTR of the Yes1 transcript was confirmed using a luciferase reporter assay. Over-expression of mi R-210 reduced the expression of Yes1 protein in both Hu H7 and Hep G2 cells. Tumors with a greater than fourfold increase in the expression of mi R-210 showed consistently lower expressions of Yes1 in the tumors.In nocodazole-treated cells with a significant G2/M cell population,Yes1 protein was significantly reduced and pre-inhibition of mi R-210 in Hu H7 cells was able to prevent the reduction of Yes1 protein expression. Knock-down of Yes1 by si RNA also led to reduced cell proliferation(70.8% ± 7.5%,P < 0.05 in the Hu H7 cells).CONCLUSION: Up-regulation of mi R-210 inhibits cell proliferation. Yes1 is a target of mi R-210 and affects cell proliferation in HCC. | Weiqi Tan Seng-Gee Lim Theresa MC Tan | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，46： | 4 |
| 13 | 气候变化和紫外线辐射对北极淡水鱼类及溯河产卵鱼类渔业的影响显示文摘北极淡水鱼类和洄游鱼类渔业为北方经济做出了重大贡献。但是,对于淡水水体,气候变化和增长的紫外线辐射对渔业产生的巨大影响有3个方面:可获鱼的数量、质量和捕捞成功率。因此,在这些影响发生作用之际,可能需要实质有效的适应行为以引导北极未来的渔业走向可持续性。当务之急是为商业渔业选择灵活和快速反应的'适宜管理'方式;改变生计渔业的当地土地和资源利用模式;改变很多休闲渔业的特性、管理方式和地点。总的来说,在气候变化及其对北极淡水水域和生物区影响的复杂性和不确定性情况下,为保证生态系统和主导鱼种有足够的恢复力和应对将来变化的能力,需要对渔业的各个方面实施更保守的管理办法。 | James D.Reist Frederick J.Wrona Terry D.Prowse J.Brian Dempson Michael Power Günter Kck Theresa J.Carmichael Chantelle D.Sawatzky Hannu Lehtonen Ross F.Tallman 曾首英 | 2006 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2006，35，7： | 4 |
| 14 | Polo-like kinase 1,a new therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) as a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:PLK1 gene expression was evaluated in HCC tissue and HCC cell lines.Gene knockdown with short-interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to study PLK1 gene and protein expression using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting,and cell proliferation using 3-(4,5-dim ethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2(4-sulf ophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) assays.Apoptosis was evaluated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay,and caspase-inhibition assay.Huh-7 cells were transplanted into nude mice and co-cultured with PLK1 siRNA or control siRNA,and tumor progression was compared with controls.RESULTS:RT-PCR showed that PLK1 was overexpressed 12-fold in tumor samples compared with controls,and also was overexpressed in Huh-7 cells.siRNA against PLK1 showed a reduction in PLK1 gene and protein expression of up to 96% in Huh-7 cells,and a reduction in cell proliferation by 68% and 92% in MTS and BrdU cell proliferation assays,respectively.There was a 3-fold increase in apoptosis events,and TUNEL staining and caspase-3 assays suggested that this was caspase-independent.The pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK was unable to rescue the apoptotic cells.Immnofluorescence co-localized endonuclease-G to fragmented chromosomes,implicating it in apoptosis.Huh-7 cells transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice showed tumor regression in siPLK1-treated mice,but not in controls.CONCLUSION:Knockdown of PLK1 overexpression in HCC was shown to be a potential therapeutic target,leading to apoptosis through the endonuclease-G pathway. | Wei Chuen Mok Shanthi Wasser Theresa Tan Seng Gee Lim | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，27： | 4 |
| 15 | Comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic effects of insect meal from Tenebrio molitor L.in growing pigs by transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics显示文摘Background:The hypothesis was tested that insect meal(IM)as protein source influences intermediary metabolism of growing pigs.To test this,30 male,5-week-old crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 pigs each with similar body weights(BW)and fed isonitrogenous diets either without(CON)or with 5%IM(IM5)or 10%IM(IM10)from Tenebrio molitor L.for 4 weeks and key metabolic tissues(liver,muscle,plasma)were analyzed using omics-techniques.Results:Most performance parameters did not differ across the groups,whereas ileal digestibilities of most amino acids were 6.7 to 15.6%-units lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Transcriptomics of liver and skeletal muscle revealed a total of 166 and 198,respectively,transcripts differentially expressed between IM10 and CON(P<0.05).Plasma metabolomics revealed higher concentrations of alanine,citrulline,glutamate,proline,serine,tyrosine and valine and a lower concentration of asparagine in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Only one out of fourteen quantifiable amino acid metabolites,namely methionine sulfoxide(MetS),in plasma was elevated by 45%and 71%in IM5 and IM10,respectively,compared to CON(P<0.05).Plasma concentrations of both,major carnitine/acylcarnitine species and bile acids were not different across groups.Lipidomics of liver and plasma demonstrated no differences in the concentrations of triacylglycerols,cholesterol and the main phospholipids,lysophospholipids and sphingolipids between groups.The percentages of all individual phosphatidylcholine(PC)and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)species in the liver showed no differences between groups,except those with 6 double bonds(PC 38:6,PC 40:6,PE 38:6,PE 40:6),which were markedly lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).In line with this,the percentage of C22:6n-3 in hepatic total lipids was lower in IM10 than in the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusions:Comprehensive analyzes of the transcriptome,lipidome and metabolome of key metabolic tissues indicate that partial or complete replacement of a conventional protein source by IM in the diet has only a weak impact on the intermediary metabolism of growing pigs.Thus,it is concluded that IM from Tenebrio molitor L.can be used as a dietary source of protein in pigs without causing adverse effects on metabolism. | Sandra Meyer Denise K.Gessner Maria S.Braune Theresa Friedhoff Erika Most Marcus Höring Gerhard Liebisch Holger Zorn Klaus Eder Robert Ringseis | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，2： | 4 |
| 16 | Reference quality assembly of the 3.5-Gb genome of Capsicum annuum from a single linked-read library显示文摘Linked-Read sequencing technology has recently been employed successfully for de novo assembly of human genomes,however,the utility of this technology for complex plant genomes is unproven.We evaluated the technology for this purpose by sequencing the 3.5-gigabase(Gb)diploid pepper(Capsicum annuum)genome with a single Linked-Read library.Plant genomes,including pepper,are characterized by long,highly similar repetitive sequences.Accordingly,significant effort is used to ensure that the sequenced plant is highly homozygous and the resulting assembly is a haploid consensus.With a phased assembly approach,we targeted a heterozygous F1 derived from a wide cross to assess the ability to derive both haplotypes and characterize a pungency gene with a large insertion/deletion.The Supernova software generated a highly ordered,more contiguous sequence assembly than all currently available C.annuum reference genomes.Over 83%of the final assembly was anchored and oriented using four publicly available de novo linkage maps.A comparison of the annotation of conserved eukaryotic genes indicated the completeness of assembly.The validity of the phased assembly is further demonstrated with the complete recovery of both 2.5-Kb insertion/deletion haplotypes of the PUN1 locus in the F1 sample that represents pungent and nonpungent peppers,as well as nearly full recovery of the BUSCO2 gene set within each of the two haplotypes.The most contiguous pepper genome assembly to date has been generated which demonstrates that Linked-Read library technology provides a tool to de novo assemble complex highly repetitive heterozygous plant genomes.This technology can provide an opportunity to cost-effectively develop high-quality genome assemblies for other complex plants and compare structural and gene differences through accurate haplotype reconstruction. | Amanda M.Hulse-Kemp Shamoni Maheshwari Kevin Stoffel Theresa A.Hill David Jaffe Stephen R.Williams Neil Weisenfeld Srividya Ramakrishnan Vijay Kumar Preyas Shah Michael C.Schatz Deanna M.Church Allen Van Deynze | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 4 |
| 17 | Expanding Visions of American Learners of Collegiate Chinese:Heritage Students显示文摘美国华裔大学生的汉语语言和文化背景十分复杂 ,对中文的需求也是多样化的 ,因此 ,高等学校的中文教学如何适应华裔学生的具体情况 ,已经成为迫切需要解决的问题。有鉴于此 ,本文作者对美国东海岸 6所高等学校的华裔学生和中文教学状况进行了细致的调查研究。调查分两部分 ,一部分是了解学生的语言背景、中文水平、学习中文的原因、动机、兴趣等情况 ;一部分主要了解各校的中文课程设置、教学形式、考评、分班、教材等方面。调查结果显示 ,华裔学生和非华裔学生在学习中文的年龄、动机、文化等方面都有很大差异 ,华裔学生的学习有着非常突出的特点 ,现行的课程安排不能满足他们的需求 ,教材缺乏针对性 ,考评方法也不适应他们的特点。这些都需要有针对性地找出应对措施 ,改革教学 ,使之适应他们的具体情况。 | Theresa Chang whei JEN | 2001 | 世界汉语教学2001，15，3： | 4 |
| 18 | Analysis of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzyme activity within the Tipula abdominalis (Diptera: Tipulidae) larval gut and characterization of Crocebacterium ilecola gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the Tipula abdominalis larval hindgut显示文摘 | Theresa E. Rogers Joy Doran-Peterson | 2010 | Insect Science2010，17，3： | 3 |
| 19 | Immuno-haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure in HIV-1 infected adults on first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cameroon显示文摘Background:Contemporary data on the immunologic,haematologic and virologic responses and predictors of virologic failure after initiation of free antiretroviral treatment in Cameroon are needed to evaluate the current treatment-monitoring algorithm and to complement efforts to scale-up and improve on the management of HIV infections.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted between October 2010 and June 2012.A total of 951 participants aged 18-74 years were recruited from selected approved HIV treatment centres of the Northwest and Southwest regions.This comprised 247 males and 704 females.Demographic,self-reported risk behaviours and socioeconomic data were obtained using a structured questionnaire.Full blood and CD4+T-cell counts were done using standard automated techniques.Determination of viral load(VL)was done using Abbott RealTime HIV-1 m2000™system.Data was analysed using SPSS version 17.The statistical significance level was P<0.05.Results:The median duration of antiretroviral therapy(ART)was 24 months.The population mean CD4+T-cell count was 255.3 cells/μL[95%CI,236.8-273.9].Overall,45.9%,43.8%and 10.2%of the participants had CD4+T-cell counts of<200 cells/μL,200-499 cells/μL and>500 cells/μL respectively.Anaemia was present in 26.2%of the participants with 62.3%,25.7%and 12%described as mild,moderate and severe anaemia respectively.Virologic failure occurred in 23.2%of the participants with 12.3%having VL>10,000 RNA copies/mL.Meanwhile 76.8%of patients attained adequate viral suppression with 40.8%having undetectable viral load.The age group 18-29 years(p=0.024),co-infection with tuberculosis(p=0.014),anaemia(p=0.028)and distance from the treatment centre(p=0.011)independently predicted virologic failure.Conclusion:The majority of the participants achieved adequate viral suppression after≥6 months of ART.Despite these favourable immuno-haematologic and virologic outcomes,the National AIDS Control Program should step-up efforts to improve on antiretroviral drug distribution,as well as proper assessment and management of anaemia,foster early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis and enhance treatment adherence counselling especially in younger patients. | Henry D Meriki Kukwah A Tufon Mbunkah H Afegenwi Bernard A Nyindem Pascal N Atanga Damian N Anong Fidelis Cho-Ngwa Theresa Nkuo-Akenji | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Eigentaste: A Constant Time Collaborative Filtering Algorithm显示文摘 | Ken Goldberg Theresa Roeder Dhruv Gupta Chris Perkins | 2001 | Information Retrieval2001，，2： | 3 |
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