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| 1 | Hepatitis C virus prevalence and genotype distribution inPakistan:Comprehensive review of recent data显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV) is endemic in Pakistan and its burden is expected to increase in coming decades owing mainly to widespread use of unsafe medical procedures. The prevalence of HCV in Pakistan has previously been reviewed. However, the literature search conducted here revealed that at least 86 relevant studies have been produced since the publication of these systematic reviews. A revised updated analysis was therefore needed in order to integrate the fresh data. A systematic review of data published between 2010 and 2015 showed that HCV seroprevalence among the general adult Pakistani population is 6.8%, while active HCV infection was found in approximately 6% of the population. Studies included in this review have also shown extremely high HCV prevalence in rural and underdeveloped peri-urban areas(up to 25%), highlighting the need for an increased focus on this previously neglected socioeconomic stratum of the population. While a 2.45% seroprevalence among blood donors demands immediate measures to curtail the risk of transfusion transmitted HCV, a very high prevalence in patients attending hospitals with various non-liver disease related complaints(up to 30%) suggests a rise in the incidence of nosocomial HCV spread. HCV genotype 3a continues to be the most prevalent subtype infecting people in Pakistan(61.3%). However, recent years have witnessed an increase in the frequency of subtype 2a in certain geographical sub-regions within Pakistan. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Sindh provinces, 2a was the second most prevalent genotype(17.3% and 11.3% respectively). While the changing frequency distribution of various genotypes demands an increased emphasis on research for novel therapeutic regimens, evidence of high nosocomial transmission calls for immediate measures aimed at ensuring safe medical practices. | muhammad umer mazhar iqbal | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Reverse vaccinology assisted designing of multiepitope-based subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2显示文摘Background:Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)linked with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)cause severe illness and life-threatening pneumonia in humans.The current COVID-19 pandemic demands an effective vaccine to acquire protection against the infection.Therefore,the present study was aimed to design a multiepitope-based subunit vaccine(MESV)against COVID-19.Methods:Structural proteins(Surface glycoprotein,Envelope protein,and Membrane glycoprotein)of SARS-CoV-2 are responsible for its prime functions.Sequences of proteins were downloaded from GenBank and several immunoinformatics coupled with computational approaches were employed to forecast B-and T-cell epitopes from the SARS-CoV-2 highly antigenic structural proteins to design an effective MESV.Results:Predicted epitopes suggested high antigenicity,conserveness,substantial interactions with the human leukocyte antigen(HLA)binding alleles,and collective global population coverage of 88.40%.Taken together,276 amino acids long MESV was designed by connecting 3 cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL),6 helper T lymphocyte(HTL)and 4 B-cell epitopes with suitable adjuvant and linkers.The MESV construct was non-allergenic,stable,and highly antigenic.Molecular docking showed a stable and high binding affinity of MESV with human pathogenic toll-like receptors-3(TLR3).Furthermore,in silico immune simulation revealed significant immunogenic response of MESV.Finally,MEV codons were optimized for its in silico cloning into the Escherichia coli K-12 system,to ensure its increased expression.Conclusion:The MESV developed in this study is capable of generating immune response against COVID-19.Therefore,if designed MESV further investigated experimentally,it would be an effective vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 to control and prevent COVID-19. | Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar Farah Shahid Sadia Aslam Usman Ali Ashfaq Sidra Aslam Israr Fatima Muhammad Mazhar Fareed Ali Zohaib Ling-Ling Chen | 2020 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2020，9，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Plant extract-loaded bacterial cellulose composite membrane for potential biomedical applications显示文摘Bacterial cellulose(BC)has been extensively explored as biomaterial for various biomedical applications owing to its non-toxic nature and unique structural morphology and impressive physicochemical and mechanical properties.However,its high production cost and lack of antimicrobial activity have restricted its large-scale production and therapeutic applications.Therefore,the current study is aimed to devise a strategy for low-cost BC production and develop its composite with bioactive materials to bless it with antimicrobial activity.Herein,5 mm thick reticulated fibrous and highly porous BC was produced by utilizing the wasted rotten tomatoes as the production medium.The produced bacterial cellulose waste(BCW)(i.e.,produced from wastes)was ex-situ modified with bioactive plant extract(PE)obtained from Euclea schimperi,and the bactericidal activity of the developed BCW/PE was evaluated against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli through disc diffusion and colony forming unit(CFU)count methods.The BCW/PE composite showed high bactericidal activities against S.aureus and produced clear inhibition zone whereas negligible activity was observed against E.coli,indicating its bactericidal activity mainly against the Gram-positive bacterium.Overall,this study illustrates that there is a huge potential for developing valuable biomaterials from food wastes and utilizing their liquid holding capabilities for value-added applications in medical and pharmaceutical fields. | Atiya Fatima Sumayia Yasir MohdShariq Khan Sehrish Manan Muhammad Wajid Ullah Mazhar Ul-Islam | 2021 | Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts2021，6，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Papaya Ring Spot Virus:An Understanding of a Severe Positive-Sense Single Stranded RNA Viral Disease and Its Management显示文摘Viral diseases have been studied in-depth for reducing quality,yield,health and longevity of the fruit,to highlight the economic losses.Positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are more devastating among all viruses that infect fruit trees.One of the best examples is papaya ringspot virus(PRSV).It belongs to the genus Potyvirus and it is limited to cause diseases on the family Chenopodiaceae,Cucurbitaceae and Caricaceae.This virus has a serious threat to the production of papaya,which is famous for its high nutritional and pharmaceutical values.The plant parts such as leaves,latex,seeds,fruits,bark,peel and roots may contain the biological compound that can be isolated and used in pharmaceutical industries as a disease control.Viral disease symptoms consist of vein clearing and yellowing of young leaves.Distinctive ring spot patterns with concentric rings and spots on fruit reduce its quality and taste.The virus has two major strains P and W.The former cause disease in papaya and cucurbits while the later one in papaya.Virion comprises 94.4%protein,including a 36 kDa coat protein which is a component responsible for a non-persistent transmission through aphids,and 5.5%nucleic acid.Cross protection,development of transgenic crops,exploring the resistant sources and induction of pathogen derived resistance have been recorded as effective management of PRSV.Along with these practices reduced aphid population through insecticides and plant extracts have been found ecofriendly approaches to minimize the disease incidence.Adoption of transgenic crops is a big challenge for the success of disease resistant papaya crops.The aim of this review is to understand the genomic nature of PRSV,detection methods and the different advanced control methods.This review article will be helpful in developing the best management strategies for controlling PRSV. | Muhammad Umer Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Haider Ali Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Rafia Asghar Mazhar Abbas Malik Abdul Rehman Ernesto A.Moya-Elizondo Yuejun He | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A contamination in rice,corn and corn products from Punjab,Pakistan显示文摘 | Majeed S Mazhar Iqbal Muhammad Rafique Asi | 2013 | Journal of Cereal Science2013，58，： | 1 |
| 6 | 复合推进剂弹道特性的配方调节研究(英文)显示文摘实验研究了含铝AP/HTPB推进剂的配方,讨论了燃速及压力指数与配方参数的关系。结果表明,推进剂燃速随平均AP粒子直径的增大而降低,但在大直径范围,这种趋势减缓。液体二茂铁催化剂可提高50%的推进剂燃速,而固体氧化铁可提高22%。液体二茂铁催化剂能比固体氧化铁更有效地提高燃速。燃速与压力指数的实验结果同燃烧模型的理论计算结果进行了比较,预估结果与实验数据符合较好。 | Muhammad MAZHAR Iqbal 汪亮 | 2006 | 含能材料2006，14，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Effect of annealing on structural, optical and electrical properties of nanostructured Ge thin films显示文摘 | Abdul Faheem Khan Mazhar Mehmood Anwar M. Rana Taj Muhammad | 2009 | Applied Surface Science2009，，7： | 1 |
| 8 | First report on molecular characterization of Leishmania species from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan显示文摘Objective: To report presence of Leishmania major in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan, where cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL) is endemic and was thought to be caused by Leishmania tropica only. Methods: Biopsy samples from 432 CL suspected patients were collected from 3 southern districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during years 2011–2016. Microscopy on Giemsa stained slides were done followed by amplification of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 gene. Results: Leishmania amastigotes were detected by microscopy in 308 of 432 samples(71.3%) while 374 out of 432 samples(86.6%) were positive by ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 PCR. Subsequent restriction fragment length polymorphism confirmed Leishmania tropica in 351 and Leishmania major in 6 biopsy samples. Conclusions: This study is the first molecular characterization of Leishmania species in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It confirmed the previous assumptions that anthroponotic CL is the major CL form present in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Furthermore, this is the first report of Leishmania major from a classical anthroponotic CL endemic focus identified in rural areas of Kohat district in southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. | Mubbashir Hussain Shahzad Munir Sultan Ayaz Bahar Ullah Khattak Taj Ali Khan Niaz Muhammad Muhammad Anees Hazir Rahman Muhammad Qasim Muhammad Ameen Jamal Irfan Ahmed Kashif Rahim Humaira Mazhar Noha Watanay Mohamed Kasbari | 2017 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2017，10，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A contamination in rice, corn and corn products from Punjab, Pakistans显示文摘 | Saima Majeed Mazhar Iqbal Muhammad Rafique Asib | 2013 | Journal of Cereal Science2013，58，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Optimal Scheme Selection of Agricultural Production Structure Adjustment——Based on DEA Model; Punjab(Pakistan)显示文摘This paper used the modern evaluation method of DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis) to assess the comparative efficiency and then on the basis of this among multiple schemes chose the optimal scheme of agricultural production structure adjustment. Based on the results of DEA model, we dissected scale advantages of each discretionary scheme or plan. We examined scale advantages of each discretionary scheme, tested profoundly a definitive purpose behind not-DEA efficient, which elucidated the system and methodology to enhance these discretionary plans. At the end, another method had been proposed to rank and select the optimal scheme. The research was important to guide the practice if the modification of agricultural production industrial structure was carried on. | Zeeshan Ahmad Meng Jun Muhammad Abdullah Mazhar Nadeem Ishaq Majid Lateef Imran Khan | 2015 | Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)2015，22，4： | 1 |
| 11 | 氧化硅掺杂对硫酸化氧化锆酸性中心浓度和强度的提高显示文摘用氧化硅掺杂硫酸化氧化锆可以增强硫酸化氧化锆的酸性. 以413~453 K下甲醇液相脱水为模型反应考察了改进催化剂的性能. 结果表明,在掺杂和未掺杂氧化硅的硫酸化氧化锆催化剂上甲醇均相继脱水生成二甲醚和乙烯. 在掺杂了氧化硅的催化剂上还有一定量的丙烯生成,而未掺杂氧化硅的催化剂上则没有丙烯生成. | S. Tajammul HUSSAIN Muhammad MAZHAR Sheraz GUL | 2007 | 催化学报2007，28，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Modeling the moisture effects of solid ingredients on composite propellant properties 显示文摘 | Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Wang Liang | 2006 | Aerospace Science and Technology2006，10，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of improved cultural practices on crop yield and soil salinity under relatively saline groundwater applications显示文摘 | Muhammad ashraf Muhammad mazhar saeedz | 2006 | Irrigation and Drainage Systems2006，，20： | 1 |
| 14 | Investigating the effect of solid fillers on nechanical and rheological and rheological properties of composite propellants显示文摘 | Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Sajid Raza Ch Wang Liang | 2013 | Intemalional Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion2013，12，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Estimation of infiltration models parameters and their comparison to simulate the onsite soil infiltration characteristics显示文摘Detailed knowledge about soil characteristics and site-specific final steady infiltration rate could help to increase the irrigation water use efficiency and decrease water losses in agricultural system.The experiments were conducted on Agricultural Research Farm of Bahauddin Zakariya University,Multan,Pakistan during 2016.The cumulative infiltration depth was measured using double ring infiltrometer at selected six points of the study area.Most commonly used infiltration models such as Kostikov’s,Philip’s and Horton’s were fitted to the field infiltration data for determination of model parameters and to find the best fit model for the study area.Kostikov’s infiltration model’s parameters such as empirical constant‘c’and infiltration decay constants‘k’were obtained in the ranges of 0.140-0.290 and 0.307-0.433,respectively.Philip’s infiltration model’s parameters such as sorptivity‘S’and conductivity constant‘A’were found in the ranges of 0.167-0.288 cm/min1/2 and-0.001 to-0.009 cm/min,respectively.Similarly,the Horton’s model’s‘parameter‘k’was obtained in the range of-1.619 to-1.238.The value of infiltration capacity at onset of infiltration(fo)was obtained as 1.744 to 3.491 for all the six points.The analysis showed that the infiltration models using the estimated parameters have satisfactory prediction capability at all the selected points.Horton’s model provided the lowest mean values for RMSE(0.235)and highest mean values for ME(94%);and the lowest mean values for MPD(0.127).This indicated that infiltration can be well-described by the Horton’s model at the selected site. | Hafiz Umar Farid Zahid Mahmood-Khan Ijaz Ahmad Aamir Shakoor Muhammad Naveed Anjum Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal Muhammad Mubeen Muhammad Asghar | 2019 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2019，12，3： | 0 |
| 16 | The pharmacological mechanism of quercetin as adjuvant therapy of COVID-19显示文摘The emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)has caused the global outbreak and major public health concern.After the outbreak human-to-human transmission was confirmed with or without symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract involvement.Up to date,there has been evidence that COVID-19 is beyond that of a typical pulmonary disease and revealing pathomechanics of COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome(CARDS),which include severe inflammation and pulmonary edema leading to impaired alveolar homeostasis,and resulting in an alteration of lung physiology,lung fibrosis,inflammation of endothelium,vascular thrombosis,as well as exaggerated immune response.Concerning this pathophysiology,the use of quercetin as phytotherapeutic may merit in the management of COVID-19 patients.In this review,the authors wish to elaborate on the molecular effect of quercetin on SARS-CoV-2 by giving a detailed mechanism of quercetin against the binding of the S-protein of the virus to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)receptors,the main protease(M^(pro))or 3C-like protease(3CL^(pro)),papain-like protease(PL^(pro)),and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRP).Recent clinical evidence supporting the use of quercetin in COVID-19 management is also discussed in this paper. | Wahyu Choirur Rizky Muhammad Candragupta Jihwaprani Avicena Al Kindi Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori Mazhar Mushtaq | 2022 | Life Research2022，5，3： | 0 |
| 17 | Anti-lipid-oxidation effects and edible safety evaluation of the oil extracted by a supercritical CO_(2) process from coix seed fermented by Monascus purpureus显示文摘The physicochemical properties and composition of coix seed oil produced by Monascus purpureus fermentation and supercritical CO_(2)extraction were determined.Anti-lipid-oxidation and edible safety were evaluated using a cholesterol-fish oil model,acute oral toxicity assay,and genetic toxicity assay in vitro and in vivo,respectively.The results show that the extraction oil from fermented coix seed(FCS-O)had good physicochemical quality and abundant active components with physiological function.In particular,γ-tocotrienol,γ-oryzanol,coixenolide and oleic acid concentrations reached 72.83μg/g,745.96μg/g,9.65 mg/g and 316.58 mg/100 g DW,respectively.The FCS-O exhibited higher antioxidant capability in inhibiting lipid oxidation and peroxidation.Compared to the blank control,the concentrations of 7-ketocholestreol and peroxide only were 8.42μg/mL and 16.16 mmol/kg at 168 h of oxidation(P<0.01).In addition,the FCS-O has been confirmed to be a very safe edible oil,with no acute toxicity(LD50>10 g/kg bw,considered actually non-toxic)and no induced mutagenicity,cytotoxicity or genotoxicity.These results serve as a good safety reference for future application of the oil from fermented coix seed.The development and utilization of this kind of oil will be beneficial as a food,food ingredient,nutritional supplement,or natural food antioxidant to promote good health function. | Haiying Zeng Anran Zhu Shengling He Mingjun Wu Muhammad Mazhar Anyan Wen Na Liu Likang Qin Song Miao | 2023 | Food Science and Human Wellness2023，12，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Texture of the nano-crystalline AlN thin films and the growth conditions in DC magnetron sputtering显示文摘DC reactive magnetron sputtering technique has been used for the preparation of Al N thin fi lms. The deposition temperature and the fl ow ratio of N2/Ar were varied and subsequent dependency of the fi lms crystallites orientation/texture has been addressed. In general, deposited fi lms were found hexagonal polycrystalline with a(002) preferred orientation. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) data revealed that the fi lm crystallinity improves,with the increase of substrate temperature from 300 ℃to 500℃. The dropped in full width half maximum(FWHM) of the XRD rocking curve value further con fi rmed it. However, increasing substrate temperature above 500 ℃or reducing the nitrogen condition(from 60 to 30% in the environment) induced the growth of crystallites with(102) and(103) orientations. The rise of rocking curve FWHM for the corresponding conditions depicted that the fi lms texture quality deteriorated. A further con fi rmation of the variation in fi lm texture/orentation with the growth conditions has been obtained from the variation in FWHM values of a dominant E1(TO) mode in the Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectra and the E2(high) mode in Raman spectra. We have correlated the columnar structure in AFM surface analyses with the(002) or c-axis orientation as well. Spectroscopic ellipsometry of the samples have shown a higher refractive index at 500 ℃growth temperature. | Shakil Khan Muhammad Shahid A.Mahmood A.Shah Ishaq Ahmed Mazhar Mehmood U.Aziz Q.Raza M.Alam | 2015 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2015，25，4： | 0 |
| 19 | R-IDPS: Real Time SDN-Based IDPS System for IoT Security显示文摘The advent of the latest technologies like the Internet of things(IoT)transforms the world from a manual to an automated way of lifestyle.Meanwhile,IoT sector open numerous security challenges.In traditional networks,intrusion detection and prevention systems(IDPS)have been the key player in the market to ensure security.The challenges to the conventional IDPS are implementation cost,computing power,processing delay,and scalability.Further,online machine learning model training has been an issue.All these challenges still question the IoT network security.There has been a lot of research for IoT based detection systems to secure the IoT devices such as centralized and distributed architecture-based detection systems.The centralized system has issues like a single point of failure and load balancing while distributed system design has scalability and heterogeneity hassles.In this study,we design and develop an agent-based hybrid prevention system based on software-defined networking(SDN)technology.The system uses lite weight agents with the ability to scaleup for bigger networks and is feasible for heterogeneous IoT devices.The baseline profile for the IoT devices has been developed by analyzing network flows from all the IoT devices.This profile helps in extracting IoT device features.These features help in the development of our dataset that we use for anomaly detection.For anomaly detection,support vector machine has been used to detect internet control message protocol(ICMP)flood and transmission control protocol synchronize(TCP SYN)flood attacks.The proposed system based on machine learning model is fully capable of online and offline training.Other than detection accuracy,the system can fully mitigate the attacks using the software-defined technology SDN technology.The major goal of the research is to analyze the accuracy of the hybrid agent-based intrusion detection systems as compared to conventional centralized only solutions,especially under the flood attack conditions generated by the distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks.The system shows 97%to 99%accuracy in simulated results with no false-positive alarm.Also,the system shows notable improvement in terms of resource utilization and performance under attack scenarios. The R-IDPS is scalable, and thesystem is suitable for heterogeneous IoT devices and networks. | Noman Mazhar Rosli Saleh Reza Zaba Muhammad Zeeshan M.Muzaffar Hameed Nauman Khan | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，11： | 0 |
| 20 | Osteoporosis Prediction for Trabecular Bone using Machine Learning: A Review显示文摘Trabecular bone holds the utmost importance due to its significance regarding early bone loss.Diseases like osteoporosis greatly affect the structure of the Trabecular bone which results in different outcomes like high risk of fracture.The objective of this paper is to inspect the characteristics of the Trabecular Bone by using the Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)technique.These characteristics prove to be quite helpful in studying different studies related to Trabecular bone such as osteoporosis.The things that were considered before the selection of the articles for the systematic review were language,research field,and electronic sources.Only those articles written in the English language were selected as it is the most prominent language used in scientific,engineering,computer science,and biomedical researches.This literature review was conducted on the articles published between 2006 and 2020.A total of 62 research papers out of 1050 papers were extracted which were according to our topic of review after screening abstract and article content for the title and abstract screening.The findings from those researches were compiled at the end of the result section.This systematic literature review presents a comprehensive report on scientific researches and studies that have been done in the medical area concerning trabecular bone. | Marrium Anam Vasaki a/p Ponnusamy Muzammil Hussain Muhammad Waqas Nadeem Mazhar Javed Hock Guan Goh Sadia Qadeer | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，4： | 0 |
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