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| 1 | Sustained virological response based on rapid virological response in genotype-3 chronic hepatitis C treated with standard interferon in the Pakistani population显示文摘AIM:To document the sustained virological response (SVR) in rapid virological responders (RVR) of genotype-3 chronic hepatitis C with standard interferon (SdIF). METHODS:Hepatitis C genotype-3 patients during the period July 2006 and June 2007 were included. Complete blood counts, prothrombin time, ALT, albumin, qualitative HCV RNA were done. SdIF and ribavirin were given for 4 wk and qualitative HCV RNA was repeated. Those testing negative were allocated to group-A while the rest were allocated to group-B. Treatment was continued a total of 16 and 24 wk for group A and B respectively. HCV RNA was repeated after 24 wk of treatment. End virological and sustained virological responses were compared by χ2 test. ROC of pretreatment age, ALT and albumin were plotted for failure to achieve SVR. RESULTS:Of 74 patients treated, RCV RNA after 16 wk of therapy became undetectable in 34 (45.9%) and was detectable in 40 (54.1%) and were allocated to groups A and B respectively. SVR was achieved in 58.8% and 27.8% in groups A and B respectively. SVR rates were significantly higher in patients who had RVR as compared to those who did not (P = 0.0;γ = 2). Both groups combined ETR and SVR were 70% and 33% respectively. ROC plots of pretreatment age, ALT and albumin for SVR showed only ALT to have a significantly large area under the curve.CONCLUSION:SVR rates were higher in patients who had RVR with SdIF and high pre treatment ALT values correlated to probability of having RVR. | Bader Faiyaz Zuberi Faisal Faiyaz Zuberi Sajjad Ali Memon Muhammad Hafeez Qureshi Sheikh Zafar Ali Salahuddin Afsar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，14： | 3 |
| 2 | Residual effects of tobacco biochar along with different fixing agents on stabilization of trace elements in multi-metal contaminated soils显示文摘The residual effect of tobacco biochar(TB≥500°C)mono and co-application with Cahydroxide(CH),Ca-bentonite(CB)and natural zeolite(NZ)on the bio-availability of trace elements TE(s)in alkaline soils has not been deeply studied yet.A pot study that had earlier been investigated TB mono and blended with CH,CB and NZ on the immobilization of Pb,Cu Cd,and Zn by Chinese cabbage.Maize crop in the rotation was selected as test plant to assess the residual impact of amendments on stabilization of Pb,Cu Cd,and Zn in mine polluted(M-P),smelter heavily and low polluted(S-HP and S-LP,respectively)soils.The obtained results showed that stabilization of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn reached 63.84% with TB+CB,61.19% with TB+CH,83.31% with TB+CH and 35.27% with TB+CH for M-P soil,36.46% with TB+NZ,38.46% with TB+NZ,19.40% with TB+CH and 62.43% with TB+CH for S-LP soil,52.94%TB+NZ,57.65% with TB+NZ,52.94% with TB+NZ,and 28.44% with TB+CH for S-LP soil.Conversely,TB+CH and TB alone had mobilized Pb and Zn up to19.29% and 34.96% in M-P soil.The mobility of Zn reached 8.38% with TB+CB and 66.03% with TB for S-HP and S-LP soils.The uptake and accumulation of Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn in shoot and root were reduced in three polluted soils.Overall,the combination of TB along with CH,CB and NZ has been proven to be effective in Pb,Cd,Cu and Zn polluted mine/smelter soils restoration. | Altaf Hussain Lahori Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek Muhammad Rashid Shahmir Ali Kalhoro Mehrunisa Memon Zobia Naheed Muneer Ahmed Zengqiang Zhang | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Reversible and irreversible adsorption of bare and hybrid silica nanoparticles onto carbonate surface at reservoir condition显示文摘Realistic implementation of nanofluids in subsurface projects including carbon geosequestration and enhanced oil recovery requires full understanding of nanoparticles(NPs)adsorption behaviour in the porous media.The physicochemical interactions between NPs and between the NP and the porous media grain surface control the adsorption behavior of NPs.This study investigates the reversible and irreversible adsorption of silica NPs onto oil-wet and water-wet carbonate surfaces at reservoir conditions.Each carbonate sample was treated with different concentrations of silica nanofluid to investigate NP adsorption in terms of nanoparticles initial size and hydrophobicity at different temperatures,and pressures.Aggregation behaviour and the reversibility of NP adsorption onto carbonate surfaces was measured using dynamic light scattering(DLS),scanning electron microscope(SEM)images,energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope(EDS),and atomic force microscope(AFM)measurement.Results show that the initial hydrophilicity of the NP and the carbonate rock surface can influence the NPs adsorption onto the rock surfaces.Typically,oppositely charged NP and rock surface are attracted to each other,forming a mono or multilayers of NPs on the rock.Operation conditions including pressure and temperature have shown minor influence on nano-treatment efficiency.Moreover,DLS measurement proved the impact of hydrophilicity on the stability and adsorption trend of NPs.This was also confirmed by SEM images.Further,AFM results indicated that a wide-ranging adsorption scenario of NPs on the carbonate surface exists.Similar results were obtained from the EDS measurements.This study thus gives the first insight into NPs adsorption onto carbonate surfaces at reservoirs conditions. | Zain-UL-Abedin Arain Sarmad Al-Anssari Muhammad Ali Shoaib Memon Masood Ahmed Bhatti Christopher Lagat Mohammad Sarmadivaleh | 2020 | Petroleum2020，6，3： | 2 |
| 4 | A split target detection and tracking algorithm for ballistic missile tracking during the re-entry phase显示文摘In the re-entry phase of a ballistic missile,decoys can be deployed as a mean to overburden enemy defenses.This results in a single track being split into multiple track-lets.Tracking of these track-lets is a critical task as any miss in the tracking procedure can become a cause of a major threat.The tracking process becomes more complicated in the presence of clutter.The low detection rate is one of the factors that may contribute to increasing the difficulty level in terms of tracking in the cluttered environment.This work introduces a new algorithm for the split event detection and target tracking under the framework of the joint integrated probabilistic data association(JIPDA)algorithm.The proposed algorithm is termed as split event-JIPDA(SE-JIPDA).This work establishes the mathematical foundation for the split target detection and tracking mechanism.The performance analysis is made under different simulation conditions to provide a clear insight into the merits of the proposed algorithm.The performance parameters in these simulations are the root mean square error(RMSE),confirmed true track rate(CTTR)and confirmed split true track rate(CSTTR). | Muhammad Asad Sumair Khan Ihsanullah Zahid Mehmood Yifang Shi Sufyan Ali Memon Uzair Khan | 2020 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2020，16，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Effects of plastic sheet on water saving and yield under furrow irrigation method in semi-arid region显示文摘The increasing demand of water in the country highlights the need to introduce low-input and water saving technologies for agricultural sustainability and crop production,mainly in semi-arid region.A study was conducted to minimize deep percolation losses from the furrow bottom under two different irrigation treatments viz.(1)furrow bottom with plastic sheet(T1)and(2)furrow bottom without plastic Sheet(T0).The physical and chemical analyses of soil profile were taken at a depth of 0-80 cm before and after crop harvesting.The dry density of soil slightly increased(0.01 g/cm^(3))under both treatments,while soil pH decreased under T1.The average yield was 8332 kg/hm^(2) and 7575 kg/hm^(2),with 21.56 m^(3) and 31.09 m^(3) total volume of irrigation water applied under T1and T0,respectively.The saving percentages of water under treatments were 52.22% and 31.00% under T1 and T0 respectively as compared to the saving of water under traditional irrigation practice.Overall,better performance,in terms of crop production and water saving,was obtained with use of plastic sheet integrated with bottom of furrows.Hence,it is suggested that the furrow irrigation method with plastic sheet may be used to preventing moisture and minimize deep percolation losses from furrow bottom. | Muhammad Sohail Memon Kausar Ali Altaf Ali Siyal Jun Guo Shamim Ara Memon Shakeel Ahmed Soomro Noreena Memon Changying Ji | 2018 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2018，11，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Privacy Protection with Dynamic Pseudonym-Based Multiple Mix-Zones Over Road Networks显示文摘In this research we proposed a strategy for location privacy protection which addresses the issues related with existing location privacy protection techniques. Mix-Zones and pseudonyms are considered as the basic building blocks for location privacy; however, continuously changing pseudonyms process at multiple locations can enhance user privacy. It has been revealed that changing pseudonym at improper time and location may threat to user's privacy. Moreover, certain methods related to pseudonym change have been proposed to attain desirable location privacy and most of these solutions are based upon velocity, GPS position and direction of angle. We analyzed existing methods related to location privacy with mix zones, such as RPCLP, EPCS and MODP, where it has been observed that these methods are not adequate to attain desired level of location privacy and suffered from large number of pseudonym changes. By analyzing limitations of existing methods, we proposed Dynamic Pseudonym based multiple mix zone(DPMM) technique, which ensures highest level of accuracy and privacy. We simulate our data by using SUMO application and analysis results has revealed that DPMM outperformed existing pseudonym change techniques and achieved better results in terms of acquiring high privacy with small number of pseudonym change. | Qasim Ali Arain Zhongliang Deng Imran memon Asma Zubedi Jichao Jiao Aisha Ashraf Muhammad Saad Khan | 2017 | China Communications2017，14，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Cloud-based vs.blockchain-based IoT:a comparative survey and way forward显示文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)has been evolving for more than a decade.Technological advancements have increased its popularity,but concerns and risks related to IoT are growing considerably along with the increased number of connected devices.In 2013,a new cryptography-based infrastructure called blockchain emerged with the potential to replace the existing cloud-based infrastructure of IoT through decentralization.In this article,we provide a taxonomy of the challenges in the current IoT infrastructure,and a literature survey with a taxonomy of the issues to expect in the future of the IoT after adopting blockchain as an infrastructure.The two architectures are compared based on their strengths and weaknesses.Then a brief survey of ongoing key research activities in blockchain is presented,which will have considerable impact on overcoming the challenges encountered in the applicability of blockchain in IoT.Finally,considering the challenges and issues in both infrastructures and the latest research activities,we propose a high-level hybrid IoT approach that uses the cloud,edge/fog,and blockchain together to avoid the limitations of each infrastructure. | Raheel Ahmed MEMON Jian Ping LI Junaid AHMED Muhammad Irshad NAZEER Muhammad ISMAIL Khursheed ALI | 2020 | Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering2020，21，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Utilization of rice husk ash as viscosity modifying agent in self-compacting concrete 显示文摘 | Shazim Ali Memon Muhammad Ali Shaikh Hassan Akbar | 2011 | Construction and Building Materials2011，25，2： | 1 |
| 9 | The Development Trends and Research Fronts in Orbital Angular Momentum Technology:A Bibliometric Analysis显示文摘Orbital angular momentum(OAM)technology,refers to Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)beams,twisted beams,vector/vortex beams,acoustic vortex beams and fractional vortex beams.It is an emerging and promising technology to improve the communication capacity,spectral efficiency,and anti-jamming capability due to its helical phase fronts and infinite orthogonal states.Although the OAM research began in the 1990s,the developing trends,current status,issues and characteristics through a systematic observation have not yet been performed.This paper presents a knowledge-based evolution of OAM research published in the Web of Science(WoS)from 2011 to 2021 using bibliometric analysis in Citepspace.The results demonstrate that the bandwidth,efficiency,gain,divergence,phase quantization,bulky and complex feeding structures,misalignment,distortion,interferences atmospheric turbulence and diffraction were the key issues found in the OAM technology.The main research hotspots and categories,influential authors,leading journals,best institutions of OAM show a strong bias in favor of their functions and technology developments.The research on OAM was mainly performed by the counties that have developed the 5G and now moving towards 6G communications like China,USA and South Korea.This study would serve as an inclusive guide on the future research trends and status especially for the OAM researchers. | Saleemullah Memon Xiuping Li Kamran Ali Memon Yuhan Huang Junaid Ahmed Uqaili Muhammad Ishfaq | 2023 | China Communications2023，20，2： | 0 |
| 10 | Two novel variants in CYP1B1 gene: a major contributor of autosomal recessive primary congenital glaucoma with allelic heterogeneity in Pakistani patients显示文摘AIM: To find the CYP1 B1 mutations associated with primary congenital glaucoma(PCG) in Pakistani consanguineous pedigrees. METHODS: After getting informed consent, 11 consanguineous pedigrees belonging to different ethnic groups were enrolled. Detailed medical history was recorded and pedigrees were drawn. The standard ophthalmological examination was done to characterize the phenotype. Genomic DNA was extracted from 10 mL whole blood and coding exons and exon intron boundaries of CYP1 B1 gene were directly sequenced. Bioinformatics tools were used to model the mutant protein and predict the effect of novel variants on protein structure and function. RESULTS: Sequencing analysis revealed 5 different CYP1 B1 variants in 7 families(7/11; 64%), including two novel variants. A common mutation, p.R390 H was found in four families, whereas p.P437 L was found once in a family. Two novel variants, a homozygous non sense variant p.L13* and a compound heterozygous variant, p.P350 T along with p.V364 M were segregating with PCGin two families. All the patients had the variable onset and severity of the disease. The success rate of early clinical interventions was observed dependent on mutation types and position. Two different haplotypes were associated with frequently found mutation, p.R390 H. CONCLUSION: Identification of novel CYP1 B1 variants reassert the genetic heterogeneity of Pakistani PCG patients. The patients with missense mutations show severe phenotypic presentations and poor vision after surgical interventions as compare to patients with null variants. This may help to better understand the role of CYP1 B1 mutations in the development of PCG and its course of pathogenicity. | Yar Muhammad Waryah Muhammad Iqbal Shakeel Ahmed Sheikh Muhammad Azhar Baig Ashok Kumar Narsani Muhammad Atif Munir Ahmad Bhinder Attiq Ur Rahman Azam Iqbal Memon Muhammad Suleman Pirzado Ali Muhammad Waryah | 2019 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2019，12，1： | 0 |
| 11 | An Architecture Supporting Intelligent Mobile Healthcare Using Human-Computer Interaction HCI Principles显示文摘Recent advancements in the Internet of Things IoT and cloud computing have paved the way for mobile Healthcare(mHealthcare)services.A patient within the hospital is monitored by several devices.Moreover,upon leaving the hospital,the patient can be remotely monitored whether directly using body wearable sensors or using a smartphone equipped with sensors to monitor different user-health parameters.This raises potential challenges for intelligent monitoring of patient's health.In this paper,an improved architecture for smart mHealthcare is proposed that is supported by HCI design principles.The HCI also provides the support for the User-Centric Design(UCD)for smart mHealthcare models.Furthermore,the HCI along with IoT's(Internet of Things)5-layered architecture has the potential of improving User Experience(UX)in mHealthcare design and help saving lives.The intelligent mHealthcare system is supported by the IoT sensing and communication layers and health care providers are supported by the application layer for the medical,behavioral,and health-related information.Health care providers and users are further supported by an intelligent layer performing critical situation assessment and performing a multi-modal communication using an intelligent assistant.The HCI design focuses on the ease-of-use,including user experience and safety,alarms,and error-resistant displays of the end-user,and improves user's experience and user satisfaction. | Mesfer Alrizq Shauban Ali Solangi Abdullah Alghamdi Muhammad Ali Nizamani Muhammad Ali Memon Mohammed Hamdi | 2022 | Computer Systems Science & Engineering2022，40，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Leveraging UAV-assisted communications to improve secrecy for URLLC in 6G systems显示文摘Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)will be essential to support mission-critical applications of Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication(URLLC)in futuristic Sixth-Generation(6G)networks.However,several security vulnerabilities and attacks have plagued previous generations of communication systems;thus,physical layer security,especially against eavesdroppers,is vital,especially for upcoming 6G networks.In this regard,UAVs have appeared as a winning candidate to mitigate security risks.In this paper,we leverage UAVs to propose two methods.The first method utilizes a UAV as Decode-and-Forward(DF)relay,whereas the second method utilizes a UAV as a jammer to mitigate eavesdropping attacks for URLLC between transmitter and receiver devices.Moreover,we present a low-complexity algorithm that outlines the two aforementioned methods of mitigating interception,i.e.increasing secrecy rate,and we compare them with the benchmark null method in which there is a direct communication link between transmitter and receiver without the UAV DF relay.Additionally,simulation results show the effectiveness of such methods by improving the secrecy rate and its dependency on UAV height,blocklength,decoding error probability and transmitter-receiver separation distance.Lastly,we recommend the best method to enhance the secrecy rate in the presence of an eavesdropper based on our simulations. | Hemant Kumar Narsani Ali Ranjha Kapal Dev Fida Hussain Memon Nawab Muhammad Faseeh Qureshi | 2023 | Digital Communications and Networks2023，9，6： | 0 |
| 13 | Push-Based Content Dissemination and Machine Learning-Oriented Illusion Attack Detection in Vehicular Named Data Networking显示文摘Recent advancements in the Vehicular Ad-hoc Network(VANET)have tremendously addressed road-related challenges.Specifically,Named Data Networking(NDN)in VANET has emerged as a vital technology due to its outstanding features.However,the NDN communication framework fails to address two important issues.The current NDN employs a pull-based content retrieval network,which is inefficient in disseminating crucial content in Vehicular Named Data Networking(VNDN).Additionally,VNDN is vulnerable to illusion attackers due to the administrative-less network of autonomous vehicles.Although various solutions have been proposed for detecting vehicles’behavior,they inadequately addressed the challenges specific to VNDN.To deal with these two issues,we propose a novel push-based crucial content dissemination scheme that extends the scope of VNDN from pullbased content retrieval to a push-based content forwarding mechanism.In addition,we exploitMachine Learning(ML)techniques within VNDN to detect the behavior of vehicles and classify them as attackers or legitimate.We trained and tested our system on the publicly accessible dataset Vehicular Reference Misbehavior(VeReMi).We employed fiveML classification algorithms and constructed the bestmodel for illusion attack detection.Our results indicate that RandomForest(RF)achieved excellent accuracy in detecting all illusion attack types in VeReMi,with an accuracy rate of 100%for type 1 and type 2,96%for type 4 and type 16,and 95%for type 8.Thus,RF can effectively evaluate the behavior of vehicles and identify attacker vehicles with high accuracy.The ultimate goal of our research is to improve content exchange and secureVNDNfromattackers.Thus,ourML-based attack detection and preventionmechanismensures trustworthy content dissemination and prevents attacker vehicles from sharing misleading information in VNDN. | Arif Hussain Magsi Ghulam Muhammad Sajida Karim Saifullah Memon Zulfiqar Ali | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，76，9： | 0 |
| 14 | 原发性眼内良性病变的分析(英文)显示文摘目的:研究原发性眼内良性病变的表现形式并指出其常见诱因。方法:从1997-07/2001-08,研究在真纳研究生医学中心眼科进行。2001-09在钱德拉医科大学医院眼科。研究只涉及患有原发性眼内良性病变的患者,他们均有院外住院病史。诊断基于患者的表征,临床检查,调查及切除肿块的组织病理学。共68名患者,年龄2mo ~60岁,男27例(39.7%),女41例(60.3%),35例(51.5%)左眼患病,33例(48.5%)右眼患病。结果:原发性眼内良性病变患者68例中,26例(38.2%)为眼睑浅表性毛细管血管瘤,5例(7.4%)为深部眼内血管瘤,5例(7.4%)为神经纤维瘤,4例(5.9%)为多发性神经纤维瘤,2例(2.9%)为神经瘤, 5例(7.4%)为多形性泪腺瘤(良性混合型细胞肿瘤)。结论:尽早住院检查,正确诊断和治疗可以避免并发症对患者视力甚至生命的威胁。 | Partab Rai Syed Imtiaz Ali Shah Ashok Kumar Narsani Javed Hassan Niazi Memon Muhammad Khan Saeed Iqbal | 2009 | 国际眼科杂志2009，9，4： | 0 |
| 15 | 晚期视网膜母细胞瘤53例的临床挑战(英文)显示文摘目的:评价肿瘤的位置、大小、组织学以及复发率。方法:前瞻性研究Larkana的Chandka医学院附属医院眼科的53例组织学诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤患者,肿瘤侵及眼球、眼眶、颅内以及其他组织。为研究肿瘤广泛性,检查包括:眼眶X线片,眼球B超,眼眶及头颅CT扫描/MRI,全骨扫描,胸部前后位X线片,腹部B超,腰椎穿刺,全血细胞计数,包括肝肾功能检查的血生化,根据肿瘤的位置、大小、复发及转移选择包括手术、局部放疗、系统化疗的治疗方案。有局部和系统转移的患者,由Larkana的核医学和放疗机构的肿瘤专家进行局部放疗和系统化疗。术后1,3,6,12mo复查随访,随后5a及5a以上,1a复查一次。评估肿瘤的位置、大小、组织类型和复发率。结果:患者53例,年龄8mo^8岁。男25例(47%),女28例(53%)。肿瘤的眼别,左眼25例(47%),右眼19例(36%),双眼9例(17%)。患者的首发症状,斜视3例(6%),假性眼内炎4例(8%),眼眶炎性假瘤6例(11%),转移性包块7例(13%),蕈样生长的包块8例(15%),白瞳征12例(23%),眼眶浸润13例(25%)。行单纯眼球摘除术19例(36%),行眼球摘除及改良型眶内容物剜除术并局部放疗和系统化疗19例(36%),行眼球摘除及完全型眶内容物剜除术并局部放疗和系统化疗15例(28%)。肿瘤的组织类型,含大量染色质的高分化视网膜母细胞瘤25例(47%),高度未分化视网膜母细胞瘤28例(53%)。首次手术后,由于手术切除点以上视神经受累,眼眶浸润和系统转移,发生复发和转移37例(70%)。结论:儿童红眼或白瞳征在确诊之前应怀疑视网膜母细胞瘤,应该及时经眼科专家检查,因为患者在肿瘤初期的早期表现提示会降低肿瘤的扩散、复发和死亡率。 | Partab Rai Imtiaz Ali Shah Ashok kumar Narsani Mahesh Kumar Lohana Muhammad Khan Memon Manzoor Ahmed Memon | 2009 | 国际眼科杂志2009，9，2： | 0 |
| 16 | 一种基于多分辨率分解和去相关的模块化安全性与鲁棒性彩色图像水印方案(英文)显示文摘提出一种基于多分辨率分解和去相关的模块化安全性与鲁棒性彩色图像水印方案。该方案主要目标是同时满足良好水印的4个要求(鲁棒性、安全性、不可察觉性和容量)。本研究的贡献在于实现一个基本满足这4个矛盾需求的水印方案。为此,结合不同方法以实现这个目的。例如,为获得不可察觉性,通过主成分分析去相关3个颜色(红绿蓝)通道,并选择第一个主成分(去相关红色通道)嵌入水印。为取得鲁棒性,采用离散小波变换(DWT)分解去相关信道,将近似带(其余3个带保持不变以保留边缘信息)进一步分解为不同区块。根据随机生成键选择随机区块。随机选取的区块进一步被分解为奇异值和向量。基于奇异值和向量矩阵的相互依赖性,并依据水印位,对数值进行修改,并保存这些数值的位置,将数值位置作为提取水印所需的另一个密钥。两级认证级别确保了安全性,同时使用奇异值和向量可提高该方案的容量。此外,在水印嵌入过程中,左右奇异向量与奇异值的结合增强了该方案的鲁棒性。最后,使用Gonzalez和Kodak数据集,从不可察觉性(峰值信噪比和结构相似性指数)、安全性(带多个伪密钥)、鲁棒性(归一化相关和误码率)和容量方面将该方案与已有方案作比。结果显示本文方案与现有方案相比有明显改进。 | Muhammad IMRANz Bruce AHARVEY Muhammad ATIF Adnan Ali MEMON | 2019 | Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering2019，20，7： | 0 |
| 17 | Time and Quantity Based Hybrid Consolidation Algorithms for Reduced Cost Products Delivery显示文摘In today’s competitive business environment,the cost of a product is one of the most important considerations for its sale.Businesses are heavily involved in research strategies to minimize the cost of elements that can impact on the final price of the product.Logistics is one such factor.Numerous products arrive from diverse locations to consumers in today’s digital era of online businesses.Clearly,the logistics sector faces several dilemmas from order attributes to environmental changes in this regard.This has specially been noted during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic where the demands on online businesses have increased several fold.Consequently,the methodology to optimise delivery cost and its impact on environmental focus by reducing CO_(2) emissions has gained relevance.The resultant strategy of Shipment Consolidation that has evolved is an approach that combines one or more transport orders in the same vehicle for delivery.Shipment Consolidation has been categorized in three order scheduling approaches:Time based consolidation,Quantity based consolidation,and a Hybrid(Time-Quantity)based consolidation.In this paper,a new Hybrid Consolidation approach is presented.Using the Hybrid approach,it has been shown that order delivery can be facilitated by taking into account not only the order pick up time,but also the total order quantity.These results have shown that if a time window is available in respect of the order delivery time,then the order can be delayed from pickup to consolidate it with other orders for cost optimization.This hybrid approach is based on four consolidation principles,two of which work on fixed departure and two,on demand departure.Three of these rules have been implemented and tested here with an application case study.Statistical analysis of the results is illustrated with different planning evaluation indicators.The Result analyses indicate that consolidation of orders is increased with each implemented rule hence motivating us towards the implementation of the fourth rule.Testing with bigger data sets is required. | Muhammad Ali Memon Asadullah Shaikh Adel Sulaiman Abdullah Alghamdi Mesfer Alrizq Bernard Archimède | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，10： | 0 |
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