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| 1 | FAIR Principles:Interpretations and Implementation Considerations显示文摘The FAIR principles have been widely cited,endorsed and adopted by a broad range of stakeholders since their publication in 2016.By intention,the 15 FAIR guiding principles do not dictate specific technological implementations,but provide guidance for improving Findability,Accessibility,Interoperability and Reusability of digital resources.This has likely contributed to the broad adoption of the FAIR principles,because individual stakeholder communities can implement their own FAIR solutions.However,it has also resulted in inconsistent interpretations that carry the risk of leading to incompatible implementations.Thus,while the FAIR principles are formulated on a high level and may be interpreted and implemented in different ways,for true interoperability we need to support convergence in implementation choices that are widely accessible and(re)-usable.We introduce the concept of FAIR implementation considerations to assist accelerated global participation and convergence towards accessible,robust,widespread and consistent FAIR implementations.Any self-identified stakeholder community may either choose to reuse solutions from existing implementations,or when they spot a gap,accept the challenge to create the needed solution,which,ideally,can be used again by other communities in the future.Here,we provide interpretations and implementation considerations(choices and challenges)for each FAIR principle. | Annika Jacobsen Ricardo de Miranda Azevedo Nick Juty Dominique Batista Simon Coles Ronald Cornet Melanie Courtot Merce Crosas Michel Dumontier Chris T.Evelo Carole Goble Giancarlo Guizzardi Karsten Kryger Hansen Ali Hasnain Kristina Hettne Jaap Heringa Rob W.W.Hooft Melanie Imming Keith G.Jeffery Rajaram Kaliyaperumal Martijn GKersloot Christine R.Kirkpatrick Tobias Kuhn Ignasi Labastida Barbara Magagna PeterMcQuilton Natalie Meyers Annalisa Montesanti Mirjam van Reisen Philippe Rocca-Serra Robert Pergl Susanna-Assunta Sansone Luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos Juliane Schneider George Strawn Mark Thompson Andra Waagmeester Tobias Weigel Mark D.Wilkinson Egon L.Willighagen Peter Wittenburg Marco Roos Barend Mons Erik Schultes | 2020 | Data Intelligence2020，2，1： | 26 |
| 2 | Management of necrotizing pancreatitis显示文摘Infection complicating pancreatic necrosis leads to persisting sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and accounts for about half the deaths that occur following acute pancreatitis. Severe cases due to gallstones require urgent endoscopic sphincterotomy. Patients with pancreatic necrosis should be followed with serial contrast enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and if infection is suspected fine needle aspiration of the necrotic area for bacteriology (FNAB) should be undertaken. Treatment of sterile necrosis should initially be non-operative. In the presence of infection necrosectomy is indicated. Although traditionally this has been by open surgery, minimally invasive procedures are a promising new alternative. There are many unresolved issues in the management of pancreatic necrosis. These include, the use of antibiotic prophylaxis, the precise indications for and frequency of repeat CE-CT and FNAB,and the role of enteral feeding. | John Slavin Paula Ghaneh Robert Sutton Mark Hartley Peter Rowlands Conall Garvey Mark Hughes John Neoptolemos | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 21 |
| 3 | 卒中相关性肺炎的诊断卒中肺炎共识小组的推荐意见显示文摘背景和目的下呼吸道感染常并发于卒中并对转归造成不利影响。对于并发于卒中的下呼吸道感染性疾病,目前尚无公认的专业术语或诊断金标准,这导致临床诊疗和研究受到影响。本共识旨在提出急性卒中并发下呼吸道感染的标准化术语和可操作性诊断标准。方法对多个文献数据库进行系统检索,经过证据回顾和2轮讨论,最后于2014年9月在英国曼彻斯特召开共识会议,经75%以上共识小组成员达成一致意见后形成共识。结果达成的共识如下:(1)推荐使用卒中相关性肺炎(stroke-associated pneumonia, SAP )作为卒中发病后7 d内发生的下呼吸道感染性疾病的专业术语。(2)提议对 SAP 使用经过改良的美国疾病控制预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC)诊断标准:①很可能的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,但复查或动态监测胸部 X 片仍缺乏典型改变;②确诊的 SAP:符合 CDC 诊断标准,且胸部 X 片有典型改变。(3)关于白细胞计数或 C反应蛋白在 SAP 诊断中的作用证据有限。(4)其他生物学标记物(如降钙素原)的证据不足。结论提议根据 CDC 诊断标准对 SAP 的术语和诊断制定可操作性的共识标准,需要在卒中患者中进行前瞻性研究来确定其信度、效度以及对医生行为(包括抗生素选择)和临床转归的影响。 | Craig J. Smith Amit K Kishore Andy Vail Angel Chamorro Javier Garau Stephen J. Hopkins Mario Di Napoli Lalit Kalra Peter Langhorne Joan Montaner Christine Roffe Anthony G. Rudd Pippa J. TyrreU Diederik van de Peek Mark Woodhead Andreas Meisel 范琳琳 宿英英 | 2016 | 国际脑血管病杂志2016，24，2： | 17 |
| 4 | 特高压直流换流变压器试验标准和要求的探讨(英文)显示文摘中国目前正在建设两个打破世界纪录的特高压直流输电工程,一是±800kV云南—广东直流输电工程,二是±800kV向家坝—上海直流输电工程。文章探讨了这两项直流输电工程的换流变压器在型式试验期间遇到的一些技术问题。该试验是按照客户基于相关的IEC标准提出的项目设备规范要求实施的,因此研究结果与相关的IEC标准及该试验的实际经验有关。基于这些研究结果,KEMA提出了对将来工程中换流变压器的试验要求的建议以及针对个别具体试验的改进措施。有一点要强调的,KEMA所推荐的变压器试验顺序值得遵循,因为在这一方面IEC标准是不明确的。 | Yanny Fu Peter Vaessen Wilco Rorijs Mark Louwerse | 2009 | 南方电网技术2009，3，3： | 16 |
| 5 | Proposal of an ultrasonographic classification for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: Echinococcosis multilocularis Ulm classification-ultrasound显示文摘AIM: To establish an ultrasonographic classification based on a large sample of patients with confirmed hepatic alveolar echinococcosis(AE).METHODS: Clinical data and ultrasonography(US) findings of 185 patients(100 males; 85 females; mean age at diagnosis: 51.4 ± 17.6 years; mean age at time of US examination: 58.7 ± 18.2 years) were retrospectively reviewed with respect to the US morphology of hepatic AE lesions. The sonomorphological findings were grouped according to a five-part classification scheme.RESULTS: Application of the new classification resulted in the following distribution of sonomorphological patterns among the patients examined: hailstorm(54.1%); pseudocystic(13.5%); ossification(13.0%); hemangioma-like(8.1%); and metastasis-like(6.5%). Only 4.9% of lesions could not be assigned to a sonomorphological pattern.CONCLUSION: The sonomorphological classification proposed in the present study facilitates the diagnosis,interpretation and comparison of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in routine practice and in the context of scientific studies. | Wolfgang Kratzer Beate Gruener Tanja EM Kaltenbach Sarina Ansari-Bitzenberger Peter Kern Michael Fuchs Richard A Mason Thomas FE Barth Mark M Haenle Andreas Hillenbrand Suemeyra Oeztuerk Tilmann Graeter | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 16 |
| 6 | Proposal of a computed tomography classification for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis显示文摘AIM: To establish a computed tomography(CT)-morphological classification for hepatic alveolar echinococcosis was the aim of the study. METHODS: The CT morphology of hepatic lesions in 228 patients with confirmed alveolar echinococcosis(AE) drawn from the Echinococcus Databank of the University Hospital of Ulm was reviewed retrospectively. For this reason, CT datasets of combined positron emission tomography(PET)-CT examinations were evaluated. The diagnosis of AE was made in patientswith unequivocal seropositivity; positive histological findings following diagnostic puncture or partial resection of the liver; and/or findings typical for AE at either ultrasonography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging or PET-CT. The CT-morphological findings were grouped into the new classification scheme.RESULTS: Within the classification a lesion was dedicated to one out of five 'primary morphologies' as well as to one out of six 'patterns of calcification'. 'primary morphology' and 'pattern of calcification' are primarily focussed on separately from each other and combined, whereas the 'primary morphology' V is not further characterized by a 'pattern of calcification'. Based on the five primary morphologies, further descriptive sub-criteria were appended to types Ⅰ-Ⅲ. An analysis of the calcification pattern in relation to the primary morphology revealed the exclusive association of the central calcification with type Ⅳ primary morphology. Similarly, certain calcification patterns exhibited a clear predominance for other primary morphologies, which underscores the delimitation of the individual primary morphological types from each other. These relationships in terms of calcification patterns extend into the primary morphological sub-criteria, demonstrating the clear subordination of those criteria.CONCLUSION: The proposed CT-morphological classification(EMUC-CT) is intended to facilitate the recognition and interpretation of lesions in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. This could help to interpret different clinical courses better and shall assist in the context of scientific studies to improve the comparability of CT findings. | Tilmann Graeter Wolfgang Kratzer Suemeyra Oeztuerk Mark Martin Haenle Richard Andrew Mason Andreas Hillenbrand Thomas Kull Thomas F Barth Peter Kern Beate Gruener | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，13： | 10 |
| 7 | Rectal nitric oxide as biomarker in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Responders versus nonresponders显示文摘瞄准:探索直肠的氮的氧化物(没有) 作为处理的简历标记,在 ulcerative (UC ) 和 Crohn 的反应是疾病(CD ) ,并且检验在之间的关系直肠没有,没有 synthases (NOS ) 的粘膜表示,和支持 inflammatory cytokines。方法:有 UC 的 22 个病人并且 24 在类固醇治疗期间与 CD 被监视。直肠没有层次被测量,临床的活动在天被估计 1, 3, 7 和 28。NOS 和支持 inflammatory cytokines 的粘膜存在被免疫组织化学和 RT-PCR 分析。结果:显著地显示的活跃 UC 和 CD 增加了直肠没有层次(10950 +/- 1280 每十亿分开的 7610 和 5040 +/-(ppb ) ,分别地) 作为与控制相比(154 +/- 71 ppb, P <
0.001 ) 。直肠不在 UC 和 CD 与疾病活动微弱地相关(r = 0.34 为 UC 和 r = 0.48 为 CD, P <
0.01 ) 。在 12 个病人,一堂类固醇倔强的功课导致了结肠切除术。仅仅稍微有的这些病人没增加层次(UC:620 +/- 270 ppb;CD:1260 +/- 550 ppb ) 与那些相比与治疗学的回答(UC:18860 +/- 530 ppb, P <
0.001;CD:10060 +/- 3200 ppb, P <
0.05 ) 。结论:直肠没有水平是在是的 IBD 的治疗反应的一个有用简历标记低没有层次预言差的临床的回答到类固醇治疗。 | Tryggve Ljung Sofie Lundberg Mark Varsanyi Catharina Johansson Peter T Schmidt Max Herulf Jon O Lundberg Per M Hellstr(o|¨)m | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，21： | 10 |
| 8 | Characterization of Gibberellin Receptor Mutants of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)显示文摘Gid1 的顺序(为赤霉素(GA ) 的基因从米饭的受体) 被用来从大麦识别通常认为的 orthologue。这在 E 被表示。coli,并且生产了能与结构的特性和 saturability 在 vitro 绑 GA 的蛋白质。它在 GA 回答的潜在的角色与减少的 GA 敏感(gse1 异种) 用大麦异种被调查。十六不同 gse1 异种各在这个序列带了唯一的核苷酸替换。在里面几乎一个案例,这些变化导致了单个氨基酸替换,并且,为留下的异种,在 mRNA 的 5 untranslated 区域的替换被建议防碍翻译开始。在分离有完美的连接在新变异的等位基因和 gse1 显型之间的人口,导致在大麦的通常认为的 GID1 GA 受体顺序对应于 Gse1 地点的结论。在异种之一的内长的 GA 内容的决心揭示了 C20 GA 先锋的 bioactive GA1,和赤字的提高的累积。所有在通常正在浸透的集中 gse1 异种把敏感归结为外长的 GA3,并且到 AC94377 (GA 类似物) ,,但是,在高得多的集中,经常有可观的回答。在大麦和米饭异种之间的比较揭示这之间的有趣的差别在 GA 的二谷物种神经质的生理学。 | Peter M. Chandler Carol A. Harding Anthony R. Ashton Mark D. Mulcair Nicholas E. Dixonb Lewis N. Manderb | 2008 | Molecular Plant2008，1，2： | 10 |
| 9 | Central Asian aridification during the late Eocene to early Miocene inferred from preliminary study of shallow marine-eolian sedimentary rocks from northeastern Tajik Basin显示文摘The tempo-spatial development of the Cenozoic Asian aridification across the Eocene-Oligocene and its controlling factors are important scientific topics in Earth Sciences, which are pertinent to regional and global tectonic and climatic events. However, sedimentary rocks preserving the record of aridification during this time from central Asia(ACA) are rare. Here we present a preliminary analysis of sedimentary facies of the lower Paleogene in the northeastern Tajik Basin, which reveals that: the lower part of the studied section is dominated by shallow marine deposits of the Paratethys, the middle part is typical of alternations of eolian dune and fluvial deposits, the upper part is represented by eolian loess-sandy loess(L&SL) like facies, and the top exhibits alternations of fluvial-lacustrine and loess like facies. Based on a chronological framework derived from preliminary magnetostratigraphy, published U-Pb dating of a volcanic ash, and regional litho-stratigraphic correlations, we determine that eolian and L&SL facies accumulated in the northeastern Tajik Basin during the Late Eocene and through most of the Oligocene. These sedimentary units indicate that semi-arid to arid environments of ACA had developed at least since the late Eocene. This initial aridification is closely linked to the westward retreat of the Paratethys that was likely driven by a combination of tectonic activity and sea level changes. | WANG Xin Brian KRAATZ Jin MENG Barbara CARRAPA Peter DECELLES Mark CLEMENTZ Sherzod ABDULOV CHEN FaHu | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，6： | 9 |
| 10 | Low temperature microwave-assisted vs conventional pyrolysis of various biomass feedstocks显示文摘A comparison between conventional pyrolysis and a novel developed low-temperature microwave-assisted pyrolysis methodology has been performed for the valorisation of a range of biomass feedstocks including waste residues.Microwave pyrolysis was found to efficiently deliver comparable evolution of bio-gases in the system as compared with conventional pyrolysis at significantly reduced temperatures(120 180 C vs 250 400 C).The gas obtained from microwave-assisted pyrolysis was found to contain CO 2,CH 4 and CO as major components as well as other related chemicals(e.g.acids,aldehydes,alkanes) which were obtained in different proportions depending on the selected feedstock. | Peter Shuttleworth Vitaliy Budarin Mark Gronnow James H.Clark Rafael Luque | 2012 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2012，21，3： | 7 |
| 11 | Claudin-11 and occludin are major contributors to Sertoli cell tight junction function, in vitro显示文摘Sertoli 房间紧密的连接(TJ ) 是血睾丸障碍的关键部件,在它扣押开发在生精的小管以内经历精子发生的细菌房间的地方。神经质地调整的 claudin-11 是在不孕涉及障碍功能和它的鼠科的猛烈结果的批评 transmembrane 蛋白质。我们试图估计份量上到 TJ 功能的 claudin-11 的贡献的意义在 vitro,使用调停 siRNA 的基因 silencing。我们也进行了 occludin 的贡献的分析, TJ 的另一内在的 transmembrane 蛋白质。claudin-11 或 occludin 的 Silencing 在一个不成熟的老鼠 Sertoli 房间文化模型用 siRNA 被进行。Transepithelial 电的抵抗被用来在整个文化估计份量上 TJ 功能。在 siRNA 处理以后的二天,房间为对 mRNA 的 RT-PCR 评价为连接蛋白质或 lyzed 的 immunocytochemical 本地化被修理表示。claudin-11, occludin,或两个的 Silencing 在 55% 的 TJ 功能导致了重要减少(P <0.01 ) , 51%(P <0.01 ) ,并且 62%(P <0.01 ) 分别地。数据在到 Sertoli 房间 TJ 的指向的蛋白质的本地化是有在 mRNA 表示和显著减小的重要减少的伴随物。我们提供 claudin-11 显著地贡献的量的证据(P <0.01 ) 到 Sertoli 房间 TJ 在 vitro 工作。有趣地, occludin,神经质地在不孕被调整然而并非含有直到迟了的成人生活,也是一重要(P <0.01 ) 贡献者到障碍功能。我们的数据与一致在清楚地为这些表明一个角色的 vivo 研究,在维持正常 TJ 障碍的蛋白质组织并且工作。 | Mark J McCabe Caroline FH Foo Marcel E Dinger Peter M Smooker Peter G Stanton | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，4： | 7 |
| 12 | Small bowel ulcerative lesions are common in elderly NSAIDs users with peptic ulcer bleeding显示文摘AIM: To determine the frequency of small bowel ulcerative lesions in patients with peptic ulcer and define the significance of those lesions. METHODS: In our prospective study, 60 consecutive elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding from a peptic ulceration(cases) and 60 matched patients with a non-bleeding peptic ulcer(controls) underwent small bowel capsule endoscopy, after a negative colonoscopy(compulsory in our institution). Controls were evaluated for non-bleeding indications. Known or suspected chronic inflammatory conditions and medication that could harm the gut were excluded. During capsule endoscopy, small bowel ulcerative lesions were counted thoroughly and classified according to Graham classification. Other small bowellesions were also recorded. Peptic ulcer bleeding was controlled endoscopically, when adequate, proton pump inhibitors were started in both cases and controls, and Helicobacter pylori eradicated whenever present. Both cases and controls were followed up for a year. In case of bleeding recurrence upper gastrointestinal endoscopy was repeated and whenever it remained unexplained it was followed by repeat colonoscopy and capsule endoscopy.RESULTS: Forty(67%) cases and 18(30%) controls presented small bowel erosions(P = 0.0001), while 22(37%) cases and 4(8%) controls presented small bowel ulcers(P < 0.0001). Among non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug(NSAID) consumers, 39(95%) cases and 17(33%) controls presented small bowel erosions(P < 0.0001), while 22(55%) cases and 4(10%) controls presented small bowel ulcers(P < 0.0001). Small bowel ulcerative lesions were infrequent among patients not consuming NSAIDs. Mean entry hemoglobin was 9.3(SD = 1.4) g/d L in cases with small bowel ulcerative lesions and 10.5(SD = 1.3) g/dL in those without(P = 0.002). Cases with small bowel ulcers necessitate more units of packed red blood cells. During their hospitalization, 6(27%) cases with small bowel ulcers presented bleeding recurrence most possibly attributed to small bowel ulcers, nevertheless 30-d mortality was zero. Presence of chronic obstructive lung disease and diabetes was related with unexplained recurrence of hemorrhage in logistic regression analysis, while absence of small bowel ulcers was protective(relative risk 0.13, P = 0.05).CONCLUSION: Among NSAID consumers, more bleeders than non-bleeders with peptic ulcers present small bowel ulcers; lesions related to more severe bleeding and unexplained episodes of bleeding recurrence. | Panagiotis Tsibouris Chissostomos Kalantzis Periklis Apostolopoulos Antonios Zalonis Peter Edward Thomas Isaacs Mark Hendrickse Georgios Alexandrakis | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，12： | 6 |
| 13 | 眼前节内眼手术应用5%吡咯烷酮碘两种不同用法的前瞻性随机化比较研究显示文摘目的:确定5%吡咯烷酮碘采用两种不同的方法(结膜囊滴两滴和10ml溶液穹窿结膜冲洗)对降低结膜囊菌群的功效。方法:在这项前瞻性对照实验中。将行眼前节手术的200只眼随机分为对照组和研究组。两组病例术前均给予氧氟沙星滴眼液局部点眼和5%吡咯烷酮碘眶周区域皮肤擦洗消毒。术前对照组眼结膜囊内给予2滴5%吡咯烷酮碘溶液,研究组眼用5%吡咯烷酮碘溶液冲洗穹窿结膜。分别于术前和术后4个时间点行结膜细菌培养。结果:研究组78只眼中20只眼(26%)术前结膜细菌培养阳性:对照组94只眼中40只眼(43%)为阳性(P=0.02)。手术结束时。研究组78只眼中14只眼(18%)、对照组94只眼中30只眼(32%)结膜细菌培养阳性(PP=0.05)。结论:手术时应用5%吡咯烷酮碘溶液冲洗穹窿结膜与结膜囊仅点入两滴相比。前者显著降低了结膜细菌培养阳性率。 | Herminia Mino de Kaspar Robert T. Chang Kuldev Singh Peter R. Egbert Mark S. Blumenkranz Christopher N. Ta 董白霞(译) 马景学(校) | 2005 | 美国医学会眼科杂志(中文版)2005，17，3： | 6 |
| 14 | Ground response to high horizontal stresses during longwall retreat and its implications for longwall headgate support显示文摘Roof falls in longwall headgate can occur when weak roof and high horizontal stress are present. To prevent roof falls in the headgate under high horizontal stress, it is important to understand the ground response to high horizontal stress in the longwall headgate and the requirements for supplemental roof support. In this study, a longwall headgate under high horizontal stress was instrumented to monitor stress change in the pillars, deformations in the roof, and load in the cable bolts. The conditions in the headgate were monitored for about six months as the longwall face passed by the instrumented site.The roof behavior in the headgate near the face was carefully observed during longwall retreat.Numerical modeling was performed to correlate the modeling results with underground observation and instrumentation data and to quantify the effect of high horizontal stress on roof stability in the longwall headgate. This paper discusses roof support requirements in the longwall headgate under high horizontal stress in regard to the pattern of supplemental cable bolts and the critical locations where additional supplemental support is necessary. | Peter Zhang Dave Gearhart Mark Van Dyke Daniel Su Essie Esterhuizen Berk Tulu | 2019 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2019，29，1： | 6 |
| 15 | A history of high-power laser research and development in the United Kingdom显示文摘The first demonstration of laser action in ruby was made in 1960 by T.H.Maiman of Hughes Research Laboratories,USA.Many laboratories worldwide began the search for lasers using different materials,operating at different wavelengths.In the UK,academia,industry and the central laboratories took up the challenge from the earliest days to develop these systems for a broad range of applications.This historical review looks at the contribution the UK has made to the advancement of the technology,the development of systems and components and their exploitation over the last 60 years. | Colin N.Danson Malcolm White John R.M.Barr Thomas Bett Peter Blyth David Bowley Ceri Brenner Robert J.Collins Neal Croxford A.E.Bucker Dangor Laurence Devereux Peter E.Dyer Anthony Dymoke-Bradshaw Christopher B.Edwards Paul Ewart Allister I.Ferguson John M.Girkin Denis R.Hall David C.Hanna Wayne Harris David I.Hillier Christopher J.Hooker Simon M.Hooker Nicholas Hopps Janet Hull David Hunt Dino A.Jaroszynski Mark Kempenaars Helmut Kessler Sir Peter L.Knight Steve Knight Adrian Knowles Ciaran L.S.Lewis Ken S.Lipton Abby Littlechild John Littlechild Peter Maggs Graeme P.A.Malcolm OBE Stuart P.D.Mangles William Martin Paul McKenna Richard O.Moore Clive Morrison Zulfikar Najmudin David Neely Geoff H.C.New Michael J.Norman Ted Paine Anthony W.Parker Rory R.Penman Geoff J.Pert Chris Pietraszewski Andrew Randewich Nadeem H.Rizvi Nigel Seddon MBE Zheng-Ming Sheng David Slater Roland A.Smith Christopher Spindloe Roy Taylor Gary Thomas John W.G.Tisch Justin S.Wark Colin Webb S.Mark Wiggins Dave Willford Trevor Winstone | 2021 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2021，9，2： | 5 |
| 16 | Phase stability and mechanical properties of wire+arc additively manufactured H13 tool steel at elevated temperatures显示文摘Wire+arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)is considered an innovative technology that can change the manufacturing landscape in the near future.WAAM offers the benefits of inexpensive initial system setup and a high deposition rate for fabricating medium-and large-sized parts such as die-casting tools.In this study,AISI H13 tool steel,a popular die-casting tool metal,is manufactured by cold metal transfer(CMT)-based WAAM and is then comprehensively analyzed for its microstructural and mechanical properties.Location-dependent phase combinations are observed,which could be explained by nonequilibrium thermal cycles that resulted from the layer-by-layer stacking mechanism used in WAAM.In addition,remelting and reheating of the layers reduces welding anomalies(e.g.,pores and voids).The metallurgical characteristics of the H13 strongly correlate with the mechanical properties.The combinations of phases at different locations of the additively manufactured part exhibit a periodic microhardness profile.Martensite,Retained Austenite,Ferrite,and Carbide phases are found in combination at different locations of the part based on the part’s temperature distribution during additive deposition.Moreover,the tensile properties at elevated temperatures(23℃,300℃,and 600℃)are comparable to those from other WAAM and additive manufacturing(AM)processes.The X-ray diffraction results verify that the microstructural stability of the fabricated parts at high temperatures would allow them to be used in high temperatures. | A.N.M.Tanvir Md.R.U.A hsan Gijeong Seo Brian Bates Chanho Lee Peter K.Liaw Mark Noakese Andrzej Nycz Changwook Ji Duck Bong Kim | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，8： | 5 |
| 17 | 塔吉克盆地东北缘海相-风成沉积序列与中亚晚始新世-早中新世干旱化的初步研究显示文摘新生代亚洲内陆干旱化的时空演化历史及其驱动机制,是国际古环境研究的热点和重点,然而至今缺少直接来自中国境外干旱区的新生代干旱化记录.对塔吉克盆地东北缘代表性剖面的沉积相分析结果表明,该地区早新生界地层底部以副特提斯海沉积序列为主,中部为厚层风成砂与河流砂交互沉积,上部以风成黄土、砂黄土状堆积为主,顶部为河湖相沉积和风成黄土状堆积交互沉积.根据已发表的火山灰U-Pb年代、初步的古地磁年代框架及区域地层划分证据,风成砂和黄土、砂黄土状堆积物形成于晚始新世和渐新世,表明中亚的干旱环境可能从始新世晚期已经开始,其形成和发展与构造活动驱动的晚始新世副特提斯海退缩密切相关. | 王鑫 Brian KRAATZ Jin MENG Barbara CARRAPA Peter DECELLES Mark CLEMENTZ Sherzod ABDULOV 陈发虎 | 2016 | 中国科学:地球科学2016，46，5： | 5 |
| 18 | Update on Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections and Their Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Larry M. Baddour Andrew E. Epstein Christopher C. Erickson Bradley P. Knight Matthew E. Levison Peter B. Lockhart Frederick A. Masoudi Eric J. Okum Walter R. Wilson Lee B. Beerman Ann F. Bolger N A. Mark Estes Michael Gewitz Jane W. Newburger Eleanor B. S | 2010 | Circulation2010，，3： | 4 |
| 19 | Copper toxicosis gene MURRl is not changed in Wilson disease patients with normal blood ceruloplasmin levels显示文摘瞄准:在为 MURR1 编码的基因为改变分析我们的威尔森疾病病人队(n=106 ) 。方法:有威尔森疾病的确定的诊断的病人但是正常血浆铜蓝蛋白血层次为我们的学习被选择(n = 14 ) 。有在 ATP7B 基因的二个已知的引起疾病的变化的病人没被包括。人的 MURR1 基因的三前 ons 被聚合酶链反应在 genomic DNA 的扩大以后定序。结果:我们的学习没揭示在威尔森疾病病人的 MURR1 顺序导致一个氨基酸变化的任何变化。在编码顺序的 472 bp 的多型性能被证实。结论:MURR1 基因不与正常浆液血浆铜蓝蛋白层次在威尔森疾病病人的致病起作用。 | Karl Heinz Weiss Uta Merle Mark Schaefer Peter Ferenci Joachim Fullekrug Wolfgang Stremmel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，14： | 4 |
| 20 | FAIR Convergence Matrix:Optimizing the Reuse of Existing FAIR-Related Resources显示文摘The FAIR principles articulate the behaviors expected from digital artifacts that are Findable,Accessible,Interoperable and Reusable by machines and by people.Although by now widely accepted,the FAIR Principles by design do not explicitly consider actual implementation choices enabling FAIR behaviors.As different communities have their own,often well-established implementation preferences and priorities for data reuse,coordinating a broadly accepted,widely used FAIR implementation approach remains a global challenge.In an effort to accelerate broad community convergence on FAIR implementation options,the GO FAIR community has launched the development of the FAIR Convergence Matrix.The Matrix is a platform that compiles for any community of practice,an inventory of their self-declared FAIR implementation choices and challenges.The Convergence Matrix is itself a FAIR resource,openly available,and encourages voluntary participation by any self-identified community of practice(not only the GO FAIR Implementation Networks).Based on patterns of use and reuse of existing resources,the Convergence Matrix supports the transparent derivation of strategies that optimally coordinate convergence on standards and technologies in the emerging Internet of FAIR Data and Services. | Hana Pergl Sustkova Kristina Maria Hettne Peter Wittenburg Annika Jacobsen Tobias Kuhn Robert Pergl Jan Slifka Peter McQuilton Barbara Magagna Susanna-Assunta Sansone Markus Stocker Melanie Imming Larry Lannom Mark Musen Erik Schultes | 2020 | Data Intelligence2020，2，1： | 4 |
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