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| 1 | Multiplexed activation of endogenous genes by CRISPR-on, an RNA-guided transcriptional activator system显示文摘允许的技术内长的基因的特定的规定为基因功能的学习是珍贵的并且在治疗学有大潜力。我们创造了在 CRISPR 上系统,由核酸酶死者 Cas9 (dCas9 ) 蛋白质组成的二部件的 transcriptional 使活跃之物与互补顺序与 transcriptional 激活域和单个指南 RNA (sgRNAs ) 熔化了到基因倡导者。我们证明在 CRISPR 上能高效地以一种悦耳的方式在人和老鼠房间激活外长的记者基因。另外,我们证明在 vivo 的柔韧的记者基因激活能被把系统部件注入老鼠接合子完成。而且,我们证明在 CRISPR 上能激活内长的 IL1RN, SOX2,和 OCT4 基因。最有效的基因激活被对近似倡导者有约束力的 3-4 sgRNAs 的簇完成,建议他们在基因正式就职的 synergistic 行动。显著地,当指向多重基因的 sgRNAs 同时被介绍进房间时,柔韧的多路的内长的基因激活被完成。染色体宽的表示介绍表明了系统的高特性。 | Albert W Cheng Haoyi Wang Hui Yang Linyu Shi Yarden Katz Thorold W Theunissen Sudharshan Rangarajan Chikdu S Shivalila Daniel B Dadon Rudolf Jaenisch | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，10： | 65 |
| 2 | Homology-mediated end joining-based targeted integration using CRISPR/Cas9显示文摘 | Yao, Xuan Wang, Xing Hu, Xinde Liu, Zhen Liu, Junlai Zhou, Haibo Shen, Xiaowen Wei, Yu Huang, Zijian Ying, Wenqin Wang, Yan Nie, Yan-Hong Zhang, Chen-Chen Li, Sanlan Cheng, Leping Wang, Qifang Wu, Yan Huang, Pengyu Sun, Qiang Shi, Linyu Yang, Hui | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，6： | 28 |
| 3 | Generation of haploid embryonic stem cells from Macaca fascicularis monkey parthenotes显示文摘在从经由单性生殖和男性单性生殖的老鼠的胚胎的干细胞(haESCs ) 启用了在修改基因的动物的哺乳动物的房间和代的基因屏蔽的 haploid 的推导的最近的成功。然而, haESCs 是否能从首领被导出,仍然保持未知。这里,我们从 Macaca fascicularis 猴子的单性生殖的胚囊报导 haESCs 的推导。这些房间,作为 PG-haESCs 称为,是 pluripotent 并且能在 vitro 或在 vivo 区分到三胚胎的细菌层的房间。有趣地,一根猴子 PG-haESC 线(MPH1 ) 的 haploidy 与另一个(MPH2 ) 的相比是更稳定的,作为没有排序的激活荧光的房间(FACS ) ,由 haploid 房间的存在出现超过 140 天 haploid 房间的丰富。重要地,转基因的猴子 PG-haESC 线能被 lentivirus- 和 piggyBac 产生调停 transposon 的基因转移。而且,基因屏蔽在猴子 PG-haESCs 是可行的。我们的结果证明 PG-haESCs 能从猴子被产生,提供为在首领的基因分析的一个理想的工具。 | Hui Yang Zhen Liu Yu Ma Cuiqing Zhong Qi Yin Chikai Zhou Linyu Shi Yijun Cai Hanzhi Zhao Hui Wang Fan Tang Yan Wang Chenchen Zhang Xin-yuan Liu Dongmei Lai Ying Jin Qiang Sun Jinsong Li | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，10： | 22 |
| 4 | One-step generation of complete gene knockout mice and monkeys by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing with multiple sgRNAs显示文摘CRISPR/Cas9 系统是一个有效编辑基因的方法,但是编辑基因的动物的多数显示出 mosaicism,与编辑仅仅在房间的部分发生。这里,我们证明那单个基因或多重基因能被 Cas9 mRNA 和多重邻近的单个指南的 RNA 的 zygotic 注射完全在老鼠和猴子胚胎击倒(spaced 10-200 bp 分开) 指向仅仅一把单个钥匙每基因的 exon。个别地在 Y 染色体上跟随八基因的指向的删除的 F0 老鼠的 Phenotypic 分析在产生猛烈老鼠表明了这条途径的坚韧性。重要地,这条途径在高效率交付完全的基因大美人(Arntl 上的 100% 并且 91% 在 Prrt2 上) 在猴子胚胎。最后,我们能在一个单个步骤产生一只完全的 Prrt2 猛烈猴子,表明在很快建立编辑基因的猴子模型的这条途径的实用性。 | Erwei Zuo Yi-Jun Cai Kui Li Yu Wei Bang-An Wang Yidi Sun Zhen Liu Jiwei Liu Xinde Hu Wei Wei Xiaona Huo Linyu Shi Cheng Tang Dan Liang Yan Wang Yan-Hong Nie Chen-Chen Zhang Xuan Yao Xing Wang Changyang Zhou Wenqin Ying Qifang Wang Ren-Chao Chen Qi Shen Guo-Liang Xu Jinsong Li Qiang Sun Zhi-Qi Xiong Hui Yang | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，7： | 21 |
| 5 | MicroRNA-663 induces immune dysregulation by inhibiting TGF-β1 production in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are critical for immune regulation.Although several microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to participate in autoimmune pathogenesis by affecting lymphocyte development and function,the roles of miRNAs in MSC dysfunction in autoimmune diseases remain unclear.Here,we show that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)display a unique miRNA signature in bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs)compared with normal controls,among which miR-663 is closely associated with SLE disease activity.MiR-663 inhibits the proliferation and migration of BMSCs and impairs BMSC-mediated downregulation of follicular T helper(Tfh)cells and upregulation of regulatory T(Treg)cells by targeting transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1).MiR-663 overexpression weakens the therapeutic effect of BMSCs,while miR-663 inhibition improves the remission of lupus disease in MRL/lpr mice.Thus,miR-663 is a key mediator of SLE BMSC regulation and may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus. | Linyu Geng Xiaojun Tang Kangxing Zhou Dandan Wang Shiying Wang Genhong Yao Weiwei Chen Xiang Gao Wanjun Chen Songtao Shi Nan Shen Xuebing Feng Lingyun Sun | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，3： | 16 |
| 6 | Haploid embryonic stem cells:an ideal tool for mammalian genetic analyses显示文摘Identification of the function of all genes in the mammalian genome is critical in understanding basic mechanisms of biology.However,the diploidy of mammalian somatic cells has greatly hindered efforts to elucidate the gene function in numerous biological processes by mutagenesis-based genetic approaches.Recently,mouse haploid embryonic stem(haES)cells have been successfully isolated from parthenogenetic and androgenetic embryos,providing an ideal tool for genetic analyses.In these studies,mouse haES cells have already shown that they could be used in cell-based forward or reverse genetic screenings and in generating gene-targeting via homologous recombination.In particular,haES cells from androgenetic embryos can be employed as novel,renewable form of fertilization agent for yielding live-born mice via injection into oocytes,thus showing the possibility that genetic analysis can be extended from cellular level to organism level. | Linyu Shi Hui Yang Jinsong Li | 2012 | Protein & Cell2012，3，11： | 14 |
| 7 | Recent progress in graphene-based electrodes for flexible batteries显示文摘The emerging flexible electronic devices have stimulated the development of flexible batteries,in which flexible electrodes are indispensable components.Graphene,known for its excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical stability,can be used as an ideal flexible substrate.Recently,many efforts have been devoted to graphene-based electrodes for flexible batteries.Herein,this review summarizes recent advances in the development of graphene-based electrodes for various flexible batteries,including metal-ion batteries(ions of Li,Na,Zn,Al,etc.),lithiumsulfur batteries,and metal-air batteries(Li-and Zn-air batteries).Besides,major challenges and future developments of flexible batteries are also discussed. | Chunlong Dai Guoqiang Sun Linyu Hu Yukun Xiao Zhipan Zhang Liangti Qu | 2020 | InfoMat2020，2，3： | 9 |
| 8 | Progesterone treatment before experimental hypoxia-ischemia enhances the expression of glucose transporter proteins GLUT1 and GLUT3 in neonatal rats显示文摘Progesterone is an efficient candidate for treating stroke and traumatic brain damage. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of progesterone on glucose transporter proteins (GLUT1 and GLUT3) during hypoxic-ischemic injury in a neonatal rat model. We demonstrated strong staining for GLUT1 in the walls of blood vessels and GLUT3 immunoreactivity in hippocampal neurons after hypoxiaischemia. Hypoxia-ischemia elevated GLUT1 and GLUT3 at both the mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus, and pre-treatment with progesterone (8 mg/kg) further enhanced their accumulation until 24 h after hypoxic-ischemic injury. These results showed that progesterone treatment induced the accumulation of both GLUT1 and GLUT3 transporters, and an energy-compensation mechanism may be involved in the neuroprotective effect of progesterone during hypoxic-ischemic injury after cerebral ischemic attacks. | Xinjuan Li Hua Han Ruanling Hou Linyu Wei Guohong Wang Chaokun Li Dongliang Li | 2013 | Neuroscience Bulletin2013，29，3： | 7 |
| 9 | An optimized short-term wind power interval prediction method considering NWP accuracy显示文摘In recent years, the accuracy of the wind power prediction has been urgently studied and improved to satisfy the requirements of power system operation. In this paper, the relevance vector machine(RVM)-based models are established to predict the wind power and its interval for a given confidence level. An NWP improvement module is presented considering the characteristic of NWP error. Moreover, two parameter optimization algorithms are applied to further improve the prediction model and to compare each performance. To take three wind farms in China as examples, the performance of two RVM-based models optimized, respectively, by genetic algorithm(GA)and particle swarm optimization(PSO) are compared with predictions based on a genetic algorithm–artificial neural network(GA–ANN) and support vector machine. Results show that the proposed models have better prediction accuracy with GA–RVM model and more efficient calculation with PSO–RVM. | Yongqian Liu Jie Yan Shuang Han Infield David De Tian Linyue Gao | 2014 | Chinese Science Bulletin2014，59，11： | 4 |
| 10 | Pyrolysis characteristics of a North Korean oil shale显示文摘Pyrolysis characteristics of a North Korean oil shale and its pyrolysates were investigated in this paper. The pyrolysis experiments were conducted below 600 °C at a heating rate of 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C/min, respectively. The kinetics data were calculated using both integral and differential methods with the assumption of first order kinetics. The results show that the averaged oil content of the North Korean oil shale is about 12.1 wt% and its heat value is 13,400 kJ/kg. The oil yields at different retorting temperatures show that the higher the retorting temperature the greater the oil and retorting gas yields. The optimal retorting temperature for the North Korean oil shale is about 500 oC. The properties of the North Korean shale oil including density, viscosity, flash point and freezing point are found to be relatively low compared with those of shale oil from FuShun, China. The gasoline fraction, diesel fraction and heavy oil fraction account for 11.5 wt%, 41.5 wt% and 47 wt%, respectively. The major pyrolysis gases are CH4(the most abundant), H2, CO2, H2 S, CO, and C2-C5 hydrocarbons. The heat value of retorting gas is more than 900 kJ/mol, and the retorting gas has high sulfur content. | Wang Wei Li Shuyuan Li Linyue Ma Yue Yue Changtao He Jilai | 2014 | Petroleum Science2014，11，3： | 4 |
| 11 | Potassium superoxide oxygen generation rate and carbon dioxide absorption rate in coal mine refuge chambers显示文摘The effects of the molding pressure of a KO2 oxygen plate and the initial concentration of CO2 on the oxygen generation rate, the oxygen generation efficiency, and the carbon dioxide absorption rate were studied using a YES-300 hydraulic press to alter the pressure when forming the oxygen plate used in a coal mine refuge chamber. In addition, changes in the initial concentration of CO2 used in the closedbox model were made by adjusting the CO2 supply system, and a CD-7 multi-function parameter instrument was employed to monitor and record the changes of O2 and CO2concentration in the closed-box model. Results indicate that the oxygen generation rate of KO2 oxygen plates, the oxygen generation efficiency, and the carbon dioxide absorption rate decrease when there is an increase in the pressure used to mold the oxygen plates, but those values increase when the initial CO2 concentration increases. When the initial concentration of CO2 in the closed-box model is 3.5% and the forming pressure is 10 k N, the average oxygen generation rate of 15 g KO2 oxygen plate is 11.88 10 3L/min, the oxygen generation efficiency is 80.3%, and the average CO2 absorption rate is 11.0 10 3L/min. Compared with the condition where the initial CO2 concentration is 1.5%, the results show that average oxygen generation rate of oxygen plates increases by 88.9%, the oxygen generation efficiency increases by 88.9%, and the CO2 absorption rate increases by 100%. | Gao Na Jin Longzhe Hu Haohao Huang Xiao Zhou Li Fan Linyu | 2015 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2015，25，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Hydrothermal synthesis of monodisperse α-Fe_2O_3 hexagonal platelets显示文摘Uniformly sized α-Fe2O3 hexagonal platelets were synthesized by a hydrothermal process using Fe(OH)3 suspension and large amount of NaOH.The reaction products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),selected area electron diffraction(SAED),and a vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results show that the hexagonal platelets are fine,monodisperse and consisting of single-crystals.The magnetic hysteresis(M-H) curve of the samples measured at room temperature indicates that the α-Fe2O3 micro-platelets exhibit ferromagnetic behaviors with relatively low coercivity. | Dengfeng Peng Sadeh Beysen Qiang Li Yanfei Sun Linyu Yang | 2010 | Particuology2010，8，4： | 4 |
| 13 | An adaptive dwell time scheduling model for phased array radar based on three-way decision显示文摘Real-time resource allocation is crucial for phased array radar to undertake multi-task with limited resources,such as the situation of multi-target tracking,in which targets need to be prioritized so that resources can be allocated accordingly and effectively.A three-way decision-based model is proposed for adaptive scheduling of phased radar dwell time.Using the model,the threat posed by a target is measured by an evaluation function,and therefore,a target is assigned to one of the three possible decision regions,i.e.,positive region,negative region,and boundary region.A different region has a various priority in terms of resource demand,and as such,a different radar resource allocation decision is applied to each region to satisfy different tracking accuracies of multi-target.In addition,the dwell time scheduling model can be further optimized by implementing a strategy for determining a proper threshold of three-way decision making to optimize the thresholds adaptively in real-time.The advantages and the performance of the proposed model have been verified by experimental simulations with comparison to the traditional twoway decision model and the three-way decision model without threshold optimization.The experiential results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed model has a certain advantage in detecting high threat targets. | LI Bo TIAN Linyu CHEN Daqing LIANG Shiyang | 2020 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2020，31，3： | 3 |
| 14 | Ecological compensation based on willingness to accept for conservation of drinking water sources显示文摘生态的赔偿是为在喝的水消息提供者被找到的区域的环境保护的一个强大的环境经济工具。我们基于回答者心甘情愿建立了一个生态的赔偿财务系统接受(WTA ) 。在这个系统,影响他们的股东偏爱和因素能用 logit 和 tobit 模型有效地被计量。我们为 Miyun 水库把这个财务系统用于生态的赔偿,中国北京。为 Miyun 水库居民的平均 WTA 价值比本地保护花费的每在 2012 的家庭是约 1186 CNY,它能被放作为一个合适的赔偿标准,自从它稍微高。因此,年度全部的生态的赔偿能是 5873 万 CNY。从到环境保护的水库,工作类型,和态度的距离是有 WTA 上的重要效果的变量。另外,为单个偏爱的趋势经由关键有影响的因素的分析被识别。结果为证实为喝的保存的生态的赔偿机制浇来源建议一些有用信息。建议包括在居民之中推广生态的赔偿的概念和意思,设置基于从水库的距离的不同赔偿层次,并且拿,就农民的要求而言各种各样在里面客气并且 out-of-kind 赔偿途径。 | Linyu XU Bing YU Yang LI | 2015 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2015，9，1： | 3 |
| 15 | High-performance fiber-integrated multifunctional graphene-optoelectronic device with photoelectric detection and optic-phase modulation显示文摘In graphene-based optoelectronic devices,the ultraweak interaction between a light and monolayer graphene leads to low optical absorption and low responsivity for the photodetectors and relative high half-wave voltage for the phase modulator.Here,an integration of the monolayer graphene onto the side-polished optical fiber is demonstrated,which is capable of providing a cost-effective strategy to enhance the light–graphene interaction,allowing us to obtain a highly efficient optical absorption in graphene and achieve multifunctions:photodetection and optical phase modulation.As a photodetector,the device has ultrahigh responsivity(1.5×10^(7) A/W)and high external quantum efficiency(>1.2×10^(9)%).Additionally,the polybutadiene/polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)film on the graphene can render the device an optical phase modulator through the large thermo-optic effect of the PMMA.As a phase modulator,the device has a relatively low half-wave voltage of 3 V with a 16 dB extinction ratio in Mach–Zehnder interferometer configuration. | LINQING ZHUO PENGPENG FAN SHUANG ZHANG YUANSONG ZHAN YANMEI LINYU ZHANG DONGQUAN LI ZHEN CHE WENGUO ZHU HUADAN ZHENG JIEYUAN TANG JUN ZHANG YONGCHUN ZHONG WENXIAO FANG GUOGUANG LU JIANHUI YU ZHE CHEN | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，12： | 3 |
| 16 | Research and application of schemes for constructing concrete pillars in large section finishing cut in backfill coal mining显示文摘Based on the technology of controlling surrounding rock deformation by constructing concrete pillars in large section finishing cut in backfill coal mining, the characteristics of vertical stress on concrete pillars and main factors influencing pillar stability are analyzed. By building a Winkler elastic foundation mechanical model for the support system constituted of coal pillar, backfill body and concrete pillars,mechanical calculation on stability of concrete pillar is carried out to evaluate the pillar stability and safety. Seven numeral models in three schemes with different pillar sizes, inter-row distances and compression ratios at the stopes were analyzed through numerical simulation according to width reduction principle. The practice of finishing cut at III644 workface at Yangzhuang coal mine shows that: when the actual compression ratio is 86.5%, construction size inside the finishing cut is 2000 mm 2000 mm and the interval between concrete pillars is 2000 mm 2000 mm, the pillars can be stable with the maximum movement of two sides of each pillar being only 83 mm and 54 mm, which achieves the expected effect. | Sun Qiang Zhang Jixiong Ju Feng Li Linyue Zhao Xu | 2015 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2015，25，6： | 3 |
| 17 | Cooling rate controlled basal precipitates and age hardening response of solid-soluted Mg-Gd-Er-Zn-Zr alloy显示文摘The precipitation and age hardening response of the solid-soluted Mg–10Gd–1Er–1Zn–0.6Zr(wt.%)alloy performed by water-quenching(QC),air-cooling(AC)and furnace-cooling(FC)in terms of the volume fraction of precipitates and tensile properties were investigated in present paper.Results indicated the solid-soluted alloy contained stacking faults(SFs)and long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase on the basal planes regardless of the cooling rate,but a larger volume fraction of the LPSO phase was formed with decreasing in the cooling rate.After aging,βandβ1 phases precipitated on the prismatic planes,and their number density decreased but mean particle size increased with decreasing in the cooling rate.The solid-soluted alloys(QC,AC and FC samples)showed no apparent difference in yield strength(YS),but their correspondent peak-aged alloys exhibited sharp difference in hardening response.The strongest hardening response took place in the QC sample and showed 82MPa enhancement in YS,which was much larger than that of AC(+26MPa)and FC samples(+5MPa).The reason lies in that the higher cooling rate promotes the precipitation and reduces the average size ofβprecipitate.A novel cooling-rate controlled precipitation model with respect to the correlation of precipitates on basal and prismatic planes was established.From this model,the basal precipitates showed a restrictive effect on the growth and/or coarsening ofβprecipitate,and composite precipitates containing theβphase with fine size as well as high area-number density and lower volume fraction of the LPSO phase are preferred to strengthen the Mg–10Gd–1Er–1Zn–0.6Zr alloy. | Jinlong Fu Wenbo Du Linyue Jia Yunfeng Wang Xunming Zhu Xian Du | 2021 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2021，9，4： | 3 |
| 18 | High-efficiency somatic reprogramming induced by intact MII oocytes显示文摘体的原子核能是进由原子转移,房间熔化和抄写因素的表示的一个 pluripotent 状态的 reprogrammed。然而,这些 reprogramming 过程是很低效的,它极大地妨碍了努力阐明内在的分子的机制。这里,我们报导把所有三 reprogramming 方法论的优点合为一个过程的新 reprogramming 策略。我们从积云房间把原子核注入了未经触动的 MII 卵母细胞。后面的激活,开发到胚胎的茎(ES ) 房间衬里的胚囊阶段,和 tetraploid (4N ) 的 80% 重建的胚胎每重建的卵母细胞以 30% 的率被产生。我们也产生了三倍性(3N ) 在进激活的卵母细胞的体的原子核的注射以后的 ES 房间。4N 和 3N ES 房间表示了 pluripotent 标记并且在 vivo 区分了进三胚胎的细菌层的房间类型。而且,所有 ES 房间产生了 histocompatible,在在免疫能力的 B6D2F1 老鼠被嫁接以后的区分的房间,显示出房间从这 reprogramming 策略导出的那 ES 可能为移植担任遗传上定制的纸巾的来源。因此,我们建立了为调查涉及体的 reprogramming 的分子的机制提供一个系统的一个简单、高度有效的 reprogramming 过程。 | Hui Yang Linyu Shi Shenghua Zhang Jiangwei Lin Jing Jiang Jinsong Li | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，9： | 2 |
| 19 | Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite scintillators for mixed field radiation detection显示文摘Sensitive and fast detection of neutrons and gamma rays is vital for homeland security,high-energy physics,and proton therapy.Fast-neutron detectors rely on light organic scintillators,andγ-ray detectors use heavy inorganic scintillators and semiconductors.Efficient mixed-field detection using a single material is highly challenging due to their contradictory requirements.Here we report hybrid perovskites(C_(8)H_(12)N)_(2)Pb(Br_(0.95)Cl_(0.05))_(4)that combine light organic cations and heavy inorganic skeletons at a molecular level to achieve unprecedented performance for mixed-field radiation detection.High neutron absorption due to a high density of hydrogen,strong radiative recombination within the highly confined[PbX_(6)]^(4-)layer,and sub-nanometer distance between absorption sites and radiative centers,enable a light yield of 41000 photons/MeV,detection pulse width of 2.97 ns and extraordinary linearity response toward both fast neutrons andγ-rays,outperforming commonly used fast-neutron scintillators.Neutron energy spectrum,time-of-flight based fast-neutron/γ-ray discrimination and neutron yield monitoring were all successfully achieved using(C_(8)H_(12)N)_(2)Pb(Br_(0.95)Cl_(0.05))_(4)detectors.We further demonstrate the monitoring of reaction kinetics and total power of a nuclear fusion reaction.We envision that molecular hybridized scintillators open a new avenue for mixed-field radiation detection and imaging. | Mengling Xia Guangda Niu Linyue Liu Runlong Gao Tong Jin Pengying Wan Weicheng Pan Xianpeng Zhang Zuoxiang Xie Sam Teale Zenghua Cai Jiajun Luo Shan Zhao Haodi Wu Shiyou Chen Zhiping Zheng Qingguo Xie Xiaoping Ouyang Edward HSargent Jiang Tang | 2022 | InfoMat2022，4，9： | 2 |
| 20 | Precise genome editing without exogenous donor DNA via retron editing system in human cells显示文摘Dear Editor,CRISPR-Cas9 mediated seamless genome editing can be achieved by incorporating donor DNA into the CRISPR-Cas9 target loci via homology-directed repair(HDR),albeit with relative low efficiency due to the inefficient delivery of exogenous DNA(Cox et al.,2015;Gao,2021).Retrons are bacterial phage-defense related operons composed of a specialized reverse transcriptase(RT)and a relevant non-coding RNA(ncRNA)which can be partially reverse tran-scribed by RT initiating at a conserved guanosine(G)residue to produce a multicopy single-stranded DNA(msDNA)(Yee et al.,1984;Millman et al.,2020).After being reverse transcribed,the msDNA is usually covalently teth-ered to the ncRNA through the 2',5'-phosphodiesterbond between the priming G in ncRNA and 5'end of msDNA(Dhundale et al.,1987).The reverse transcription process,of which the specialized RT recognizes the unique secondary structure of retron ncRNA,is highly specific(Hsu et al.,1989).Additionally,desired msDNA can be generated in vivo by replacing the dispensable region of retron ncRNA with desired sequences(Mirochnitchenko et al.,1994;Simon et al.,2019).Therefore,retrons are promising biological sources for in vivo generation of DNA donors for HDR-me-diated precise genome editing. | Xiangfeng Kong Zikang Wang Renxia Zhang Xing Wang Yingsi Zhou Linyu Shi Hui Yang | 2021 | Protein & Cell2021，12，11： | 2 |
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