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| 1 | Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Sex differences in neurocognitive abilities have been extensively explored both in the healthy population andin many disorders. Until recently, however, little work has examined such differences in people with Alzheimer's disease(AD). This is despite clear evidence that AD is more prevalent in women, and converging lines of evidence from brain imaging, post-mortem analyses, hormone therapy and genetics suggesting that AD affects men and women differently. We provide an overview of evidence attesting to the poorer cognitive profiles in women than in men at the same stage of AD. Indeed, men significantly outperform women in several cognitive domains, including: Language and semantic abilities, visuospatial abilities and episodic memory. These differences do not appear to be attributable to any differences in age, education, or dementia severity. Reasons posited for this female disadvantage include a reduction of estrogen in postmenopausal women, greater cognitive reserve in men, and the influence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. Assessment of cognitive abilities contributes to the diagnosis of the condition and thus, it is crucial to identify the role of sex differences if potentially more accurate diagnoses and treatments are to emerge. | Keith R Laws Karen Irvine Tim M Gale | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Cancer risk in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Epidemiology,prevention, and surveillance strategies显示文摘Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) is a rare cholestatic liver disease characterized by progressive fibroinflammatory destruction of the intra-and/or extrahepatic biliary ducts. While its features and disease course can be variable,most patients with PSC have concurrent inflammatory bowel disease and will eventually develop liver cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, with liver transplantation representing the only potentially curative option. Importantly,PSC is associated with a significantly increased risk of malignancy compared to the general population, mainly cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma,hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal cancer, with nearly 50% of deaths in patients with PSC being due to cancer. Therefore, robust surveillance strategies are needed, though uncertainty remains regarding how to best do so. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, prevention, and surveillance of cancers in patients with PSC. Where evidence is limited, we present pragmatic approaches based on currently available data and expert opinion. | Brian M Fung Keith D Lindor James H Tabibian | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，6： | 15 |
| 3 | Regulation of epithelium-specific Ets-like factors ESE-1 and ESE-3 in airway epithelial cells: potential roles in airway inflammation显示文摘航线发炎是许多呼吸障碍的特点,例如气喘和膀胱的纤维变性。在发炎触发的航线基因表示的变化在这些疾病的致病起一个关键作用。基因连接研究建议 ESE-2 和 ESE-3,编码上皮特定的 Ets-domain-containing 抄写因素,是候选人气喘危险性基因。我们这里报导 et 家庭抄写因素 ESE-1 的另一个成员的表示,以及 ESE-3,起来在支气管的上皮的房间线由煽动性的 cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta ) 和肿瘤坏死 factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) 调整了。有 IL-1beta 和 TNF-alpha 的这些房间的处理为 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 导致了信使 rna 表示的戏剧的增加。我们证明导致的表示被抄写因素 NF-kappaB 的激活调停。我们描绘了 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 倡导者并且识别了为导致 cytokine 的表达式被要求的 NF-kappaB 有约束力的序列。另外,我们也表明那 ESE-1 在上面调整 ESE-3 表示, down 由 cytokines 调整它的自己的正式就职。最后,我们在 Elf3 显示出那(对人的 ESE-1 相应) 猛烈老鼠,煽动性的 cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 的表示是调整的 down。我们的调查结果建议 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 在航线发炎起一个重要作用。 | Jing Wu Rongqi Duan Huibi Cao Deborah Field Catherine M Newnham David R Koehler Noe Zamel Melanie A Pritchard Paul Hertzog Martin Post A Keith Tanswell Jim Hu | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，6： | 6 |
| 4 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models for traffic flow forecasting显示文摘 | Brian L Smith Billy M Williams R Keith Oswald | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，，4： | 3 |
| 5 | 光动力疗法治疗非小细胞肺癌显示文摘光动力疗法被越来越多地应用于治疗胸部恶性肿瘤。对于早期非小细胞肺癌(如支气管腔内肺癌)、X线检查阴性或同时性原发癌,光动疗法可作为主要治疗手段进行腔内根治性治疗。作为单一根治疗法,光动力疗法是治疗支气管镜可见≤1 cm且无软骨外浸润的肺部肿瘤的最有效方法。对于晚期非小细胞癌患者,光动力治疗可以作为综合根治疗法的一部分,用于减轻阻塞性支气管内病变,增加可手术性或缩小所需手术范围。本文对现有发表的应用光动力疗法治疗至少10例以上非小细胞肺癌病例的研究文献进行综述,提出了光动力疗法应用的治疗建议并进行了总结。 | Charles B Simone II Joseph S Friedberg Eli Glatstein James P Stevenson Daniel H Sterman Stephen M Hahn Keith A Cengel 袁光金 李金銮 朱宇熹 凌扬 | 2013 | 国际病理科学与临床杂志2013，33，3： | 3 |
| 6 | Treatment of intracranial gliomas with bone marrow- derived dendritic cells pulsed with tumor antigens显示文摘 | Linda M Liau MD Keith L | 1999 | J Neurosurg1999，90，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Evaluation and treatment of internal impingement of the shoulder in overhead athletes显示文摘One of the most common pathologic processes seen in overhead throwing athletes is posterior shoulderpain resulting from internal impingement. 'Internal impingement' is a term used to describe a constellation of symptoms which result from the greater tuberosity of the humerus and the articular surface of the rotator cuff abutting the posterosuperior glenoid when the shoulder is in an abducted and externally rotated position. The pathophysiology in symptomatic internal impingement is multifactorial,involving physiologic shoulder remodeling,posterior capsular contracture,and scapular dyskinesis. Throwers with internal impingement may complain of shoulder stiffness or the need for a prolonged warm-up,decline in performance,or posterior shoulder pain. On physical examination,patients will demonstrate limited internal rotation and posterior shoulder pain with a posterior impingement test. Common imaging findings include the classic 'Bennett lesion' on radiographs,as well as articular-sided partial rotator cuff tears and concomitant SLAP lesions. Mainstays of treatment include intense non-operative management focusing on rest and stretching protocols focusing on the posterior capsule. Operative management is variable depending on the exact pathology,but largely consists of rotator cuff debridement. Outcomes of operative treatment have been mixed,therefore intense non-operative treatment should remain the focus of treatment. | Keith T Corpus Christopher L Camp David M Dines David W Altchek Joshua S Dines | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，12： | 2 |
| 8 | Induction of a high incidence of lung tumors in C57BL/6 mice with multiple ethyl carbamate injections显示文摘 | York E Miller Lori D Dwyer-Nield Robert L Keith Mysan Le Wilbur A Franklin Alvin M Malkinson | 2003 | Cancer Letters2003，，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Three-week neonatal hypoxia reduces blood CGRP and causes persistent pulmonary hypertension in rats 显示文摘 | Keith I M Tjen-A-Looi S Kraiczi H | 2000 | Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol2000，279，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Pancreaticopleuralfistula:etiology,treatmentandlong-termfollow-up显示文摘BACKGROUND:Pancreaticopleural fistula(PPF) are uncommon.Complex multidisciplinary treatment is required due to nutritional compromise and sepsis.This is the first description of long-term follow-up of patients with PPF.METHODS:Eleven patients with PPF treated at a specialist unit were identified.Causation,investigation,treatment and outcomes were recorded.RESULTS:Pancreatitis was the etiology of the PPF in 9 patients,and in the remaining 2 the PPF developed following distal pancreatectomy.Cross-sectional imaging demonstrated the site of duct disruption in 10 cases,with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography identifying the final case.Suppression of pancreatic exocrine secretion and percutaneous drainage formed the mainstay of treatment.Five cases resolved following pancreatic duct stent insertion and three patients required surgical treatment for established empyema.There were no complications.In all cases that resolved there has been no recurrence of PPF over a median follow-up of 50 months(range 15-62).CONCLUSIONS:PPF is an uncommon event complicating pancreatitis or pancreatectomy;pancreatic duct disruption is the common link.A step-up approach consisting of minimally invasive techniques treats the majority with surgery needed for refractory sepsis. | Keith J Roberts Maria Sheridan Gareth Morris-Stiff Andrew M Smith | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，2： | 2 |
| 11 | Fractional Flow Reserve Versus Angiography for Guiding Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease显示文摘 | Nico H.J. Pijls William F. Fearon Pim A.L. Tonino Uwe Siebert Fumiaki Ikeno Bernhard Bornschein Marcel van't Veer Volker Klauss Ganesh Manoharan Thomas Engstr?m Keith G. Oldroyd Peter N. Ver Lee Philip A. MacCarthy Bernard De Bruyne | 2010 | Journal of the American College of Cardiology2010，，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with three-vessel disease and left main coronary disease: 5-year follow-up of the randomised, clinical SYNTAX trial显示文摘 | Friedrich W Mohr Marie-Claude Morice A Pieter Kappetein Ted E Feldman Elisabeth St?hle Antonio Colombo Michael J Mack David R Holmes Marie-angèle Morel Nic Van Dyck Vicki M Houle Keith D Dawkins Patrick W Serruys | 2013 | The Lancet . 2013 (9867)2013，，9867： | 2 |
| 13 | Transepithelial leak in Barrett's esophagus patients: The role of proton pump inhibitors显示文摘AIM: To determine if the observed paracellular sucrose leak in Barrett's esophagus patients is due to their proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use. METHODS: The in vivo sucrose permeability test was administered to healthy controls, to Barrett's patients and to non-Barrett's patients on continuous PPI therapy. Degree of leak was tested for correlation with presence of Barrett's, use of PPIs, and length of Barrett's segment and duration of PPI use. RESULTS: Barrett's patients manifested a near 3-fold greater, upper gastrointestinal sucrose leak than healthy controls. A decrease of sucrose leak was observed in Barrett's patients who ceased PPI use for 7 d.Although initial introduction of PPI use (in a PPI-na ve population) results in dramatic increase in sucrose leak, long-term, continuous PPI use manifested a slow spontaneous decline in leak. The sucrose leak observed in Barrett's patients showed no correlation to the amount of Barrett's tissue present in the esophagus. CONCLUSION: Although future research is needed to determine the degree of paracellular leak in actual Barrett's mucosa, the relatively high degree of leak observed with in vivo sucrose permeability measurement of Barrett's patients reflects their PPI use and not their Barrett's tissue per se . | Christopher Farrell Melissa Morgan Owen Tully Kevin Wolov Keith Kearney Benjamin Ngo Giancarlo Mercogliano James J Thornton Mary Carmen Valenzano James M Mullin | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，22： | 2 |
| 14 | Esophageal lichen planus:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Esophageal involvement by lichen planus(ELP),previously thought to be quite rare,is a disease much more common in women and frequently the initial manifestation of mucocutaneous lichen planus(LP).Considering that the symptoms of ELP do not present in a predictable manner,ELP is perhaps more under-recognized than rare.To date,four cases of squamous cell carcinoma in association with ELP have been reported,suggesting that timely and accurate diagnosis of ELP is of importance for appropriate follow-up.In this case report,a 69-year-old female presented with dysphagia and odynophagia.She reported a history of oral LP but had no active oral or skin lesions.Endoscopic examination revealed severe strictures and web-like areas in the esophagus.Histologic examination demonstratedextensive denudation of the squamous epithelium,scattered intraepithelial lymphocytes,rare eosinophils and dyskeratotic cells.Direct immunofluorescence showed rare cytoid bodies and was used to exclude other primary immunobullous disorders.By using clinical,endoscopic,and histologic data,a broad list of differential diagnoses can be narrowed,and the accurate diagnosis of ELP can be made,which is essential for proper treatment and subsequent follow-up. | Jennifer A Nielsen Robert M Law Keith H Fiman Cory A Roberts | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，14： | 1 |
| 15 | Nanofabrication with proximal probes显示文摘 | Campbell Paul M Perkins F Keith | 1997 | Proceedings of the IEEE1997，85，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models for traffic flow forecasting显示文摘 | Smith B L Williams B M Keith Oswald R | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，10，： | 1 |
| 17 | An increased understanding of soil organic carbon stocks and changes in non-temperate areas:national and global implications显示文摘 | ELEANOR M KEITH P MARK E | 2007 | Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment2007，122，： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparison of parametric and nonparametric models显示文摘 | Brian L Smith Billy M Williams R Keith Oswald | 2002 | Transportation Research Part C2002，，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Analysis of soil wetting and solute transport in subsurface trickle irrigation显示文摘 | Cote Claire M Bristow Keith L Charlesworth pllilip B | 2003 | Irrigation Science2003，22，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Isotopic composition and environment classification of selected limestone and fossils显示文摘 | Keith M H Weber J H | 1964 | Geochemical Cosmochimica Acta1964，28，： | 1 |
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