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| 1 | Bile acids as endogenous etiologic agents in gastrointestinal cancer显示文摘Bile acids are implicated as etiologic agents in cancer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including cancer of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver, biliary tract, pancreas and colon/rectum. Deleterious effects of bile acid exposure, likely related to carcinogenesis, include: induction of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species; induction of DNA damage; stimulation of mutation; induction of apoptosis in the short term, and selection for apoptosis resistance in the long term. These deleterious effects have, so far, been reported most consistently in relation to esophageal and colorectal cancer, but also to some extent in relation to cancer of other organs. In addition, evidence is reviewed for an association of increased bile acid exposure with cancer risk in human populations, in specific human genetic conditions, and in animal experiments. A model for the role of bile acids in GI carcinogenesis is presented from a Darwinian perspective that offers an explanation for how the observed effects of bile acids on cells contribute to cancer development. | Harris Bernstein Carol Bernstein Claire M Payne Katerina Dvorak | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，27： | 38 |
| 2 | Fiber-Optic Sensor Applications in Civil and Geotechnical Engineering显示文摘光纤的传感器的不同类型基于玻璃或聚合纤维被用来评估材料行为或监视正直和忍受负担的结构部件的长期的稳定性。光纤的传感器在很不同的地里作为一种新、创新的测量技术被建立了,例如材料科学,土木工程,小结构, geotechnical 区域以及化学、高电压的变电所。很经常,象变丑,种类或颤动那样的机械数量被请求。然而,在材料和结构部件的化学数量的测量,例如 pH,在钢的价值也增强了具体成员关于具体结构的正直提供信息。为在增强钢的具体结构监视似水泥的矩阵的碱的状态(pH 价值) 以达到开始腐蚀的因素的早察觉的一个特殊光纤的化学传感器被描述。纸在工程论述几种光纤的传感器技术的使用。一个例子使高度在存在基础或在期间并且在它的安装以后为对大具体堆积的适用的行为的评价解决水泥可嵌入的纤维 Fabry-Perot 声学的排放(AE ) 传感器的使用担心。另一个例子使栅栏(FBG ) 传感器纳入了锚钢(微堆积) 在装载土壤锚测量紧张分发的纤维布拉格担心。聚合物光纤维(POF ) 能因为他们的高弹性和很好集成于纺织品的高最终的紧张监视他们的变丑行为。如此的聪明的纺织品能够监视土壤或斜坡的排水量,在 geotechnical 结构(堤,水坝,和堤) 以及在石工技术的批评机械变丑组织在期间并且在地震以后。 | Wolfgang R. HABEL and Katerina KREBBER | 2011 | Photonic Sensors2011，1，3： | 13 |
| 3 | Arsenic speciation in fish from Greek coastal areas显示文摘Arsenic speciation analysis was conducted on fish samples(sardine and anchovy) collected from six areas along the Greek coastline, i.e. Artemisium Straits, Thermaikos Gulf, Amvrakikos Gulf,Strymonian Gulf, Thracian Sea, and Elefsina Gulf. Total arsenic levels ranging from 11.8 to62.6 mg As/kg dry weight were determined. Arsenobetaine, a non-toxic form of arsenic, was found to be the main arsenic species, present at 8.6 to 58.8 mg As/kg dry weight, accounting for67–95% of the total arsenic. Also detected in all fish samples was dimethylarsinic acid, although at considerably lower concentrations, ranging from 0.072–0.956 mg As/kg dry weight.Monomethylarsonic acid was detected at low levels in all anchovy samples, and only in sardines from one area. Finally, inorganic arsenic in the form of arsenate was detected only in fish at one area, indicating the possible effect of an environmental parameter on its presence at detectable amounts. Statistical analysis revealed the environmental variables, such as salinity,total organic carbon and nitrogen, ammonium, phosphate, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen and pressure index, are potentially correlated to As species concentrations. Furthermore, based on factor analysis, the biological parameters, such as fish weight, lipids, protein and ash content,that are correlated to As species concentrations of fish were also identified. The interrelationship of arsenobetaine and dimethylarsinic acid concentrations within each fish species was evaluated. | Ioanna Kalantzi Kyriaki Mylona Katerina Sofoulaki Manolis Tsapakis Spiros A.Pergantis | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，6： | 11 |
| 4 | Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Rescue treatment with a modified cyanoacrylate显示文摘AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a modified cyanoacrylate [N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate associated with methacryloxysulfolane(NBCA + MS)] to treat nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding(NV-UGIB).METHODS In our retrospective study we took into account 579 out of 1177 patients receiving endoscopic treatment for NV-UGIB admitted to our institution from 2008 to 2015; the remaining 598 patients were treated with other treatments. Initial hemostasis was not achieved in 45 of 579 patients; early rebleeding occurred in 12 of 579 patients. Thirty-three patients were treated with modified cyanoacrylate: 27 patients had duodenal, gastric or anastomotic ulcers, 3 had post-mucosectomy bleeding, 2 had Dieulafoy's lesions, and 1 had duodenal diverticular bleeding.RESULTS Of the 45 patients treated endoscopically without initialhemostasis or with early rebleeding, 33(76.7%) were treated with modified cyanoacrylate glue, 16(37.2%) underwent surgery, and 3(7.0%) were treated with selective transarterial embolization. The mean age of patients treated with NBCA + MS(23 males and 10 females) was 74.5 years. Modified cyanoacrylate was used in 24 patients during the first endoscopy and in 9 patients experiencing rebleeding. Overall, hemostasis was achieved in 26 of 33 patients(78.8%): 19 out of 24(79.2%) during the first endoscopy and in 7 out of 9(77.8%) among early rebleeders. Two patients(22.2%) not responding to cyanoacrylate treatment were treated with surgery or transarterial embolization. One patient had early rebleeding after treatment with cyanoacrylate. No late rebleeding during the follow-up or complications related to the glue injection were recorded.CONCLUSION Modified cyanoacrylate solved definitively NV-UGIB after failure of conventional treatment. Some reported life-threatening adverse events with other formulations, advise to use it as last option. | Roberto Grassia Pietro Capone Elena Iiritano Katerina Vjero Fabrizio Cereatti Mario Martinotti Gabriele Rozzi Federico Buffoli | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 8 |
| 5 | Endoprosthesis implantation at the pharyngo-esophageal level:Problems,limitations and challenges显示文摘瞄准:在 19 个病人与食道的 endoprosthesis 的内视镜的放置介绍我们的经验。方法:回顾的评估为在颈的食管的水平放的 19 stents 的使用被做:11 为恶性肿瘤(7 引起阻塞, 4 由气管的 esophago 或皮肤的管复杂) ,并且 8 为获得的良性的 tracheo 食道的管由于延长插管。除了二,盖住的 Ultraflex 斯滕特氏印模膏在所有情况中被使用。这二个病人让 esophagocutaneous 管追随者喉切除术和火烈鸟墙斯滕特氏印模膏被使用。结果:斯滕特氏印模膏培植在所有病人是技术上成功的。咽下困难 20 在狭窄病人从 3 ~ 2 被改进,当管封上在所有情况中被完成时。中部的医院停留为 esophagocutaneous 管病人是为恶性肿瘤病人和 13.5 d 的 3 d。一 Ultraflex 斯滕特氏印模膏和二火烈鸟墙 stents 是当管完全堵塞了时,容易在培植以后分别地移开 33 d 和 3 个月。结论:为在颈的食管的水平的恶意或良性的起源的恶意或管的 Endoprosthesis 培植是没有复杂并发症或死亡的一个容易的、很好容忍的、安全、有效的过程。 | Efthimios Eleftheriadis Katerina Kotzampassi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，13： | 7 |
| 6 | Gastric emptying, postprandial blood pressure, glycaemia and splanchnic flow in Parkinson's disease显示文摘AIM: To determine gastric emptying, blood pressure, mesenteric artery blood flow, and blood glucose responses to oral glucose in Parkinson's disease. METHODS: Twenty-one subjects(13 M, 8 F; age 64.2 ± 1.6 years) with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease(Hoehn and Yahr score 1.4 ± 0.1, duration of known disease 6.3 ± 0.9 years) consumed a 75 g glucose drink, labelled with 20 MBq 99mTc-calcium phytate. Gastric emptying was quantified with scintigraphy, blood pressure and heart rate with an automated device, superior mesenteric artery blood flow by Doppler ultrasonography and blood glucose byglucometer for 180 min. Autonomic nerve function was evaluated with cardiovascular reflex tests and upper gastrointestinal symptoms by questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean gastric half-emptying time was 106 ± 9.1 min, gastric emptying was abnormally delayed in 3 subjects(14%). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell(P < 0.001) and mesenteric blood flow and blood glucose(P < 0.001 for both) increased, following the drink. Three subjects(14%) had definite autonomic neuropathy and 8(38%) had postprandial hypotension. There were no significant relationships between changes in blood pressure, heart rate or mesenteric artery blood flow with gastric emptying. Gastric emptying was related to the score for autonomic nerve function(R = 0.55, P < 0.01). There was an inverse relationship between the blood glucose at t = 30 min(R =-0.52, P < 0.05), while the blood glucose at t = 180 min was related directly(R = 0.49, P < 0.05), with gastric emptying. CONCLUSION: In mild to moderate Parkinson's disease, gastric emptying is related to autonomic dysfunction and a determinant of the glycaemic response to oral glucose. | Laurence G Trahair Thomas E Kimber Katerina Flabouris Michael Horowitz Karen L Jones | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，20： | 5 |
| 7 | Remotely monitored telerehabilitation for cardiac patients: A review of the current situation显示文摘Cardiac rehabilitation through center-based programs is an effective multicomponent intervention for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Despite the benefits it brings,patients’participation in rehabilitation programs remains low.In this work,the latest relevant literature regarding remotely monitored cardiac telerehabilitation(TR)was reviewed considering its efficiency and utilization.The main objective was to assess whether TR has the potential to be an appropriate alternative form of rehabilitation.A total of 105 publications on this topic were screened out of 747 full-text articles that were read and evaluated,of which 12 were considered suitable for inclusion in the final review.Feasibility,efficiency,and safety were assessed for each TR intervention.The results of our evaluation indicate that TR seems to be a usable,effective,and safe alternative rehabilitation for patients with heart disease.Most of the currently published articles have studied remotely monitored TR intervention offering a comprehensive approach,which indicates the significant development and steps forward in this field of study.Our research evidence supports the implementation of TR,which could positively influence barriers in participating in cardiac rehabilitation programs. | Ladislav Batalik Katerina Filakova Katerina Batalikova Filip Dosbaba | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2020，8，10： | 4 |
| 8 | Role of interleukin-6 in Barrett's esophagus pathogenesis显示文摘Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a metaplastic lesion of the distal esophagus arising as a consequence of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease. Multiple studies show that BE is associated with increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Epidemiological studies and animal models demonstrate that chronic inflammation triggered by repeated exposure to refluxate predisposes to the development of BE and EAC. The chronic inflammation is associated with cytokine alterations. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that stimulates cell proliferation and apoptosis resistance is frequently increased in different cancers. Importantly, IL-6 and transcriptional factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) that is activated by IL-6 are also increased in BE and EAC. This review critically appraises the role of IL-6/STAT3 pathway in progression of BE to EAC from the published evidence currently available. | Katerina Dvorak Bohuslav Dvorak | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，15： | 4 |
| 9 | KIT exon 11 codon 557/558 deletion/insertion mutations define a subset of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with malignant potential显示文摘AIM: To study the association of the frequency and pattern of KIT and PDGFRA mutations and clinicopathological factors in a group of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). METHODS: Thirty patients with GIST were examined. Exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 of the KIT and exons 12 and 18 of the PDGFRA gene were analyzed for the presence of mutations by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. RESULTS: KIT or PDGFRA mutations were detected in 21 of the 30 patients (70%). Sixteen patients had mutations within KIT exon 11, three within KIT exon 9, and two within PDGFRA exon 18. GISTs with KIT exon 9 mutations were predominantly located in the small intestine, showed a spindle cell phenotype, and were assessed as potentially malignant. GISTs with KIT exon 11 mutations were located in the stomach and intestine, showed mainly a spindle cell phenotype, and were scored as potentially malignant (P < 0.05). Tumors with KIT exon 11 codon 557/558 deletion/insertion mutations were found to be associated with a potentially malignant clinical behaviour (P < 0.003). GISTs with PDGFRA mutations located in stomach showed a mixedcell phenotype and were classified as of very low or low moderate malignant potential. CONCLUSION: Determination of KIT and PDGFRA mutations should be additional parameters for the better prediction of GISTs clinical behaviour. Tumors with deletion/insertion mutations affecting codons 557/558 of the KIT gene seem to represent a distinct subset of malignant GISTs. | Katerina Kontogianni-Katsarou Euthimios Dimitriadis Constantina Lariou Evi Kairi-Vassilatou Nikolaos Pandis Agatha Kondi-Paphiti | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，12： | 4 |
| 10 | Sonographic muscle mass assessment in patients after cardiac surgery显示文摘BACKGROUND Patients undergoing cardiac surgery particularly those with comorbidities and frailty,experience frequently higher rates of post-operative morbidity,mortality and prolonged hospital length of stay.Muscle mass wasting seems to play important role in prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV)and consequently in intensive care unit(ICU)and hospital stay.AIM To investigate the clinical value of skeletal muscle mass assessed by ultrasound early after cardiac surgery in terms of duration of MV and ICU length of stay.METHODS In this observational study,we enrolled consecutively all patients,following their admission in the Cardiac Surgery ICU within 24 h of cardiac surgery.Bedside ultrasound scans,for the assessment of quadriceps muscle thickness,were performed at baseline and every 48 h for seven days or until ICU discharge.Muscle strength was also evaluated in parallel,using the Medical Research Council(MRC)scale.RESULTS Of the total 221 patients enrolled,ultrasound scans and muscle strength assessment were finally performed in 165 patients(patients excluded if ICU stay<24 h).The muscle thickness of rectus femoris(RF),was slightly decreased by 2.2%[(95%confidence interval(CI):-0.21 to 0.15),n=9;P=0.729]and the combined muscle thickness of the vastus intermedius(VI)and RF decreased by 3.5%[(95%CI:-0.4 to 0.22),n=9;P=0.530].Patients whose combined VI and RF muscle thickness was below the recorded median values(2.5 cm)on day 1(n=80),stayed longer in the ICU(47±74 h vs 28±45 h,P=0.02)and remained mechanically ventilated more(17±9 h vs 14±9 h,P=0.05).Moreover,patients with MRC score≤48 on day 3(n=7),required prolonged MV support compared to patients with MRC score≥49(n=33),(44±14 h vs 19±9 h,P=0.006)and had a longer duration of extracorporeal circulation was(159±91 min vs 112±71 min,P=0.025).CONCLUSION Skeletal quadriceps muscle thickness assessed by ultrasound shows a trend to a decrease in patients after cardiac surgery post-ICU admission and is associated with prolonged duration of MV and ICU length of stay. | Stavros Dimopoulos Vasiliki Raidou Dimitrios Elaiopoulos Foteini Chatzivasiloglou Despoina Markantonaki Efterpi Lyberopoulou Ioannis Vasileiadis Katerina Marathias Serafeim Nanas Andreas Karabinis | 2020 | World Journal of Cardiology2020，12，7： | 4 |
| 11 | Seismic fragility curves for structures using non-parametric representations显示文摘脆弱曲线通常在土木工程被使用估计结构的危险到地震。与一个规定标准联系的失败的概率(例如,超过某个阀值的一座大楼的最大的内部楼层的飘移) 作为地震地面运动的紧张的功能被代表(例如,山峰地面加速或光谱加速) 。古典途径依靠假定脆弱曲线的 lognormal 形状;它因此是参量的。在这份报纸,我们介绍二条非参量的途径证实没有采用上述假设,脆弱弯,也就是 binned 蒙特卡罗模拟和核密度评价。作为一幅插图,我们用很多合成地面运动为一个三楼层的钢框架计算脆弱曲线。与非参量的途径获得的曲线基于 lognormal 假设与各自的曲线相比。当一小部分记录地面打手势时,类似的比较为诉讼被介绍是可得到的。lognormal 曲线的精确性重要地取决于扎根的运动紧张措施,失败标准和大多数,这被发现,在为估计 lognormal 形状的参数的采用的方法上。 | Chu MAI Katerina KONAKLI Bruno SUDRET | 2017 | Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering2017，11，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Antibodies Against Annexin V and Prothrombin,Their Correlation with Other Anti-phospholipid Antibodies in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss显示文摘Objective To study the findings of serum antibodies against annexin V, prothrombin,ph-inositol, ph-acid, ph-ethanolamine, ph-serine, ph-glycerol, cardiolipin, and beta2-glycoprotein I and analyze the trophoblast annexin V receptorsMethods Sera from 156 patients aged 26-41 years with recurrent pregnancy loss (3-7 times) were investigated. Eighty-four fertile healthy women aged 24-38 yearswere included in a control group. ELISA methods were used for detecting a panel of seraanti-phospholipid antibodies. Immunolocalization of annexin V receptors in 143trophoblast specimens of 156 patients was investigated by the immunofluorescencetechnique using Annexin V-FITC, Apoptosis and AnnexinV-CY3 commercial kits.Results Positivity for anti-phospholipid antibodies mainly against ph-serine, ph-ethanolamine, and ph-inositol was found together in 80.8% (126 out of 156 patients),anti-prothrombin antibodies in 12% (18), and anti-annexin V antibodies in 13. 5%(21) women. No significant levels of anti-phospholipid antibodies were found in 6controls. Placenta immunohistopathology also exhibited some changes manifested bythe presence of apoptotic and necrotic cells in trophoblast, and very fewmicrothrombotization in some intervillous spaces.Conclusion Our detailed study demonstrated the prevalence of majority of anti-phospholipid antibodies as a high risk factor for repeated reproductive failure. Verylow microthrombosis in placentas could be explained by the changes ofhaemocoagulation properties out of uterus. | Zdenka Ulcova-Gallova Petr Mukensnabl Sarka Hadravska Vendula Kyselova Jitka Slechtova Zdenka Micanova Katerina Bibkova Miroslav Balvin Zdenek Rokyta | 2005 | Journal of Reproduction and Contraception2005，16，1： | 3 |
| 13 | Deceleration capacity of heart rate as a predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction: cohort study显示文摘 | Axel Bauer Jan W Kantelhardt Petra Barthel Raphael Schneider Timo M?kikallio Kurt Ulm Katerina Hnatkova Albert Sch?mig Heikki Huikuri Armin Bunde Marek Malik Georg Schmidt | 2006 | The Lancet2006，，9523： | 3 |
| 14 | Comparison of QuEChERS sample preparation methods for the analysis of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables显示文摘 | Steven J. Lehotay Kyung Ae Son Hyeyoung Kwon Urairat Koesukwiwat Wusheng Fu Katerina Mastovska Eunha Hoh Natchanun Leepipatpiboon | 2010 | Journal of Chromatography A2010，，16： | 3 |
| 15 | The effect of carbon nanotubes on osteogenic functions of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and bone formation in vivo compared with that of nano-hydroxyapatite and the possible mechanism显示文摘It has been well recognized that the development and use of artificial materials with high osteogenic ability is one of the most promising means to replace bone grafting that has exhibited various negative effects.The biomimetic features and unique physiochemical properties of nanomaterials play important roles in stimulating cellular functions and guiding tissue regeneration.But efficacy degree of some nanomaterials to promote specific tissue formation is still not clear.We hereby comparatively studied the osteogenic ability of our treated multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MCNTs)and the main inorganic mineral component of natural bone,nano-hydroxyapatite(nHA)in the same system,and tried to tell the related mechanism.In vitro culture of human adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(HASCs)on the MCNTs and nHA demonstrated that although there was no significant difference in the cell adhesion amount between on the MCNTs and nHA,the cell attachment strength and proliferation on the MCNTs were better.Most importantly,the MCNTs could induce osteogenic differentiation of the HASCs better than the nHA,the possible mechanism of which was found to be that the MCNTs could activate Notch involved signaling pathways by concentrating more proteins,including specific bone-inducing ones.Moreover,the MCNTs could induce ectopic bone formation in vivo while the nHA could not,which might be because MCNTs could stimulate inducible cells in tissues to form inductive bone better than nHA by concentrating more proteins including specific bone-inducing ones secreted from M2 macrophages.Therefore,MCNTs might be more effective materials for accelerating bone formation even than nHA. | Zhipo Du Xinxing Feng Guangxiu Cao Zhending She Rongwei Tan Katerina E.Aifantis Ruihong Zhang Xiaoming Li | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Solitary fibrous tumor of the liver expressing CD34 and vimentin:A case report显示文摘A case of a successfully treated solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) of the liver is reported.An 82-year-old female presented with left upper abdominal discomfort,a firm mass on palpation,and imaging studies revealed a large tumor,15 cm in diameter,arising from the left lobe of the liver.A formal left hepatectomy was performed.Microscopic evaluation showed spindle and fibroblast-like cells within the collagenous stroma.Immunohistochemistry disclosed diffuse CD34 and positive vimentin,supporting the diagnosis of a benign SFT.The patient remained well 21 months after surgery.SFT of the liver is a very rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin.In most cases it is a benign lesion,although some may have malignant histological features and recur locally or metastasize.With less than 30 reported cases in the literature,little can be said regarding its natural history or the benefits of adjuvant radiochemotherapy.Complete surgical resection remains the cornerstone of its treatment. | Dimitris P Korkolis Katerina Apostolaki Chrysanthi Aggeli George Plataniotis Emmanuel Gontikakis Dimitra Volanaki Maria Sebastiadou Dimitris Dimitroulopoulos Dimitris Xinopoulos George N Zografos Perikles P Vassilopoulos | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，40： | 3 |
| 17 | Fecal DNA testing for colorectal cancer screening:molecular targets and perspectives显示文摘The early detection of colorectal cancer with effective screening is essential for reduction of cancer-specific mortality. The addition of fecal DNA testing in the armamentarium of screening methods already in clinical use launches a new era in the noninvasive part of colorectal cancer screening and emanates from a large number of previous and ongoing clinical investigations and technological advancements. In this review, we discuss the molecular rational and most important genetic alterations hallmarking the early colorectal carcinogenesis process. Also, representative DNA targets-markers and key aspects of their testing at the clinical level in comparison or/and association with other screening methods are described. Finally, a critical view of the strengths and limitations of fecal DNA tests is provided, along with anticipated barriers and suggestions for further exploitation of their use. | Amaninder Dhaliwal Panagiotis J Vlachostergios Katerina G Oikonomou Yitzchak Moshenyat | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，10： | 3 |
| 18 | Six intragastric balloons:Which to choose?显示文摘Endoscopically placed intragastric balloons(IGBs)have played a significant role in obesity treatment over the last 30 years,successfully bridging the gap between lifestyle modification/pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery.Since they provide a continuous sensation of satiety that helps the ingestion of smaller portions of food,facilitating maintenance of a low-calorie diet,they have generally been considered an effective and reversible,less invasive,non-surgical procedure for weight loss.However,some studies indicate that balloons have limited sustainable effectiveness for the vast majority attempting such therapy,resulting in a return to the previous weight after balloon removal.In this review we try to summarize the pros and cons of various balloon types,to guide decision making for both the physician and the obese individual looking for effective treatment.We analyzed the six most commonly used IGBs,namely the liquid-filled balloons Orbera,Spatz3,ReShape Duo and Elipse,and the gas-filled Heliosphere and Obalon-also including comments on the adjustable Spatz3,and the swallowable Obalon and Elipse-to optimize the choice for maximum efficacy and safety. | George Stavrou Anne Shrewsbury Katerina Kotzampassi | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2021，13，8： | 3 |
| 19 | Evidence for altered thiamine metabolism in diabetes: Is there a potential to oppose gluco- and lipotoxicity by rational supplementation?显示文摘Growing prevalence of diabetes(type 2 as well as type 1) and its related morbidity due to vascular complications creates a large burden on medical care worldwide. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of chronic micro-, macro- and avascular complications mediated by hyperglycemia is of crucial importance since novel therapeutic targets can be identified and tested. Thiamine(vitamin B1) is an essential cofactor of several enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and published data suggest that thiamine metabolism in diabetes is deficient. This review aims to point out the physiological role of thiamine in metabolism of glucose and amino acids, to present overview of thiamine metabolism and to describe the consequences of thiamine deficiency(either clinically manifest or latent). Furthermore, we want to explain why thiamine demands are increased in diabetes and to summarise data indicating thiamine mishandling in diabetics(by review of the studies mapping the prevalence and the degree ofthiamine deficiency in diabetics). Finally, we would like to summarise the evidence for the beneficial effect of thiamine supplementation in progression of hyperglycemia-related pathology and, therefore, to justify its importance in determining the harmful impact of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Based on the data presented it could be concluded that although experimental studies mostly resulted in beneficial effects, clinical studies of appropriate size and duration focusing on the effect of thiamine supplementation/therapy on hard endpoints are missing at present. Moreover, it is not currently clear which mechanisms contribute to the deficient action of thiamine in diabetes most. Experimental studies on the molecular mechanisms of thiamine deficiency in diabetes are critically needed before clear answer to diabetes community could be given. | Luká? Pácal Katarína Kuricová Katerina Kaňková | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，3： | 3 |
| 20 | 与 transarterial chemoembolization 对待的 Hepatocellular 癌: 有参量的提高对比的 ultrasonography 的评估显示文摘 AIM:To evaluate the response of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) to transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) using a simplified protocol of parametric contrastenhanced ultrasound(pCEUS).METHODS:Eighteen patients with HCC(18 target tumors,diameter:2.8-12 cm) were evaluated before,and 20 d after TACE.The distribution and morphology of TACE-induced necrosis in these tumors precluded accurate evaluation by visual assessment or by simple measurements.For pCEUS,a 4.8 mL bolus of SonoVue(Bracco,Milan,Italy) was intravenously administered and analysis of tumor perfusion during the initial phase of enhancement(0-30 s post injection) was performed with dedicated software(Qontrast,Bracco,Milan,Italy).Time-intensity curves were plotted and three parameters were calculated:peak intensity(PI,in percentage %),time to peak(TTP in seconds,s) and area under the curve during wash-in(AUC-WI,in arbitrary units,a.u).Magnetic resonance imaging was the standard imaging modality for post-treatment evaluation.Changes in tumor size were recorded and response was assessed according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumors criteria.RESULTS:A statistically significant decrease in PI and AUC-WI was observed in the treated tumors post TACE;PIpre:21.5% ± 8.7%(mean ± SD),PIpost:12.7% ± 6.7%,P < 0.001,AUC-WI pre:17493 ± 9563 a.u,AUCWI post:9585 ± 5494 a.u,P < 0.001.A slight increase in TTP was noted post TACE,but this was not statistically significant;TTP pre:13.1 ± 4.3 s,TTP post:13.6 ± 4.2 s,P = 0.058).The changes in the aforementioned parameters were not accompanied by significant tumor shrinkage.CONCLUSION:pCEUS,even when limited to the study of the arterial phase of tumoral enhancement,can detect and quantify early perfusional changes in HCC post TACE. | Hippocrates Moschouris Katerina Malagari Athanasios Marinis Ioannis Kornezos Konstantinos Stamatiou Georgios Nikas Marina Georgiou Papadaki Panagiotis Gkoutzios | 2012 | World Journal of Radiology2012，4，8： | 3 |
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