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| 1 | Perioperative challenges in management of diabetic patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery显示文摘Prediabetes and diabetes are important disease processes which have several perioperative implications.About one third of the United States population is considered to have prediabetes.The prevalence in surgical patients is even higher.This is due to the associated micro and macrovascular complications of diabetes that result in the need for subsequent surgical procedures.A careful preoperative evaluation of diabetic patients and patients at risk for prediabetes is essential to reduce perioperative mortality and morbidity.This preoperative evaluation involves an optimization of preoperative comorbidities.It also includes optimization of antidiabetic medication regimens,as the avoidance of unintentional hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic episodes during the perioperative period is crucial.The focus of the perioperative management is to ensure euglycemia and thus improve postoperative outcomes.Therefore,prolonged preoperative fasting should be avoided and close monitoring of blood glucose should be initiated and continued throughout surgery.This can be accomplished with either analysis in blood gas samples,venous phlebotomy or point-of-care testing.Although capillary and arterial whole blood glucose do not meet standard guidelines for glucose testing,they can still be used to guide insulin dosing in the operating room.Intraoperative glycemic control goals may vary slightly in different protocols but overall the guidelines suggest a glucose range in the operating room should be between 140 mg/dL to 180 mg/dL.When hyperglycemia is detected in the operating room,blood glucose management may be initiated with subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin,with intravenous infusion or boluses of regular insulin.Fluid and electrolyte management are other perioperative challenges.Notably diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic state are the two most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes that must be recognized early and treated. | Ursula Galway Praveen Chahar Marc T Schmidt Jorge A Araujo-Duran Jeevan Shivakumar Alparslan Turan Kurt Ruetzler | 2021 | World Journal of Diabetes2021，12，8： | 5 |
| 2 | Choice of laxatives and colonoscopic preparation in pregnant patients from the viewpoint of obstetricians and gastroenterologists显示文摘AIM: To elucidate the preferences of gastroenterologists at our institution and compare them to those of obstetricians when making decisions in the pregnant patient, including which type of bowel preparations to use for ? exible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy, as well as which laxatives can be used safely. METHODS: Surveys were mailed to all attending gastroenterologists (n = 53) and obstetricians (n = 99) at our institution. Each survey consisted of the 14 most common laxative or motility agents used in pregnancy and inquired about the physician’s prescribing habits in the past as well as their willingness to prescribe each medication in the future. The survey also listed four common bowel preparations used prior to colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy and asked the physician to rank the order of the preferred agent in each case. RESULTS: With regard to common laxatives, both gastroenterologists and obstetricians favor the use of Metamucil, Colace, and Citrucel. Both groups appear to refrain from using Fleets Phosphosoda and Castor oil. Of note, obstetricians are less inclined to use PEG solution and Miralax, which is not the case with gastroenterologists. In terms of comparing bowel preparations for colonoscopy, 50% of gastroenterologists prefer to use PEG solution and 50% avoid the use of Fleets Phosphosoda. Obstetricians seem to prefer Fleets Phosphosoda (20%) and tend to avoid the use of PEG solution (26%). With regard to bowel preparation for sigmoidoscopy, both groups prefer Fleets enema the most (51%), while magnesium citrate is used least often (38%). CONCLUSION: It is clear that preferences in the use ofbowel cleansing preparations between the two groups exist, but there have not been many case controlled human studies in the pregnant patient that give clear cut indications for using one versus another drug. In light of the challenge of performing controlled trials in pregnant women, more extensive surveys should be undertaken to gather a larger amount of data on physicians’ experiences and individual preferences. | Jeevan Vinod Jennifer Bonheur Burton I Korelitz Georgia Panagopoulos | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，48： | 4 |
| 3 | Anticoagulation in simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation - On what basis?显示文摘BACKGROUND Despite technical refinements,early pancreas graft loss due to thrombosis continues to occur.Conventional coagulation tests(CCT)do not detect hypercoagulability and hence the hypercoagulable state due to diabetes is left untreated.Thromboelastogram(TEG)is an in-vitro diagnostic test which is used in liver transplantation,and in various intensive care settings to guide anticoagulation.TEG is better than CCT because it is dynamic and provides a global hemostatic profile including fibrinolysis.AIM To compare the outcomes between TEG and CCT(prothrombin time,activated partial thromboplastin time and international normalized ratio)directed anticoagulation in simultaneous pancreas and kidney(SPK)transplant recipients.METHODS A single center retrospective analysis comparing the outcomes between TEG and CCT-directed anticoagulation in SPK recipients,who were matched for donor age and graft type(donors after brainstem death and donors after circulatory death).Anticoagulation consisted of intravenous(IV)heparin titrated up to a maximum of 500 IU/h based on CCT in conjunction with various clinical parameters or directed by TEG results.Graft loss due to thrombosis,anticoagulation related bleeding,radiological incidence of partial thrombi in the pancreas graft,thrombus resolution rate after anticoagulation dose escalation,length of the hospital stays and,1-year pancreas and kidney graft survival between the two groups were compared.RESULTS Seventeen patients who received TEG-directed anticoagulation were compared against 51 contemporaneous SPK recipients(ratio of 1:3)who were anticoagulated based on CCT.No graft losses occurred in the TEG group,whereas 11 grafts(7 pancreases and 4 kidneys)were lost due to thrombosis in the CCT group(P=0.06,Fisher’s exact test).The overall incidence of anticoagulation related bleeding(hematoma/gastrointestinal bleeding/hematuria/nose bleeding/re-exploration for bleeding/post-operative blood transfusion)was 17.65%in the TEG group and 45.10%in the CCT group(P=0.05,Fisher’s exact test).The incidence of radiologically confirmed partial thrombus in pancreas allograft was 41.18%in the TEG and 25.50%in the CCT group(P=0.23,Fisher’s exact test).All recipients with partial thrombi detected in computed tomography(CT)scan had an anticoagulation dose escalation.The thrombus resolution rates in subsequent scan were 85.71%and 63.64%in the TEG group vs the CCT group(P=0.59,Fisher’s exact test).The TEG group had reduced blood product usage{10 packed red blood cell(PRBC)and 2 fresh frozen plasma(FFP)}compared to the CCT group(71 PRBC/10 FFP/2 cryoprecipitate and 2 platelets).The proportion of patients requiring transfusion in the TEG group was 17.65%vs 39.25%in the CCT group(P=0.14,Fisher’s exact test).The median length of hospital stay was 18 days in the TEG group vs 31 days in the CCT group(P=0.03,Mann Whitney test).The 1-year pancreas graft survival was 100%in the TEG group vs 82.35%in the CCT group(P=0.07,log rank test)and,the 1-year kidney graft survival was 100%in the TEG group vs 92.15%in the CCT group(P=0.23,log tank test).CONCLUSION TEG is a promising tool in guiding judicious use of anticoagulation with concomitant prevention of graft loss due to thrombosis,and reduces the length of hospital stay. | Jeevan Prakash Gopal Frank JMF Dor Jeremy S Crane Paul E Herbert Vassilios E Papalois Anand SR Muthusamy | 2020 | World Journal of Transplantation2020，10，7： | 2 |
| 4 | Arbutin effectively ameliorates the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease:the role of adenosine receptors and cyclic adenosine monophosphate显示文摘An antagonistic communication exists between adenosinergic and dopaminergic signaling in the basal ganglia,which suggests that the suppression of adenosine A2A receptors-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway may be able to restore the disrupted dopamine transmission that results in motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease(PD).Arbutin is a natural glycoside that possesses antioxidant,antiinflammatory,and neuroprotective properties.The purpose of this study was to investigate whether arbutin could ameliorate the symptoms of PD and to examine the underlying mechanism.In this study,Swiss albino mouse models of PD were established by the intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine for 4 successive days,with the concurrent intraperitoneal administration of arbutin(50 and 100 mg/kg)for 7 days.The results showed that arbutin significantly reduced lipid peroxidation,total nitrite levels,and inflammation in the substantia nigra and striatum of PD mouse models.In addition,arbutin decreased the activity of endogenous antioxidants,reduced the levels of dopamine,3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid,homovanillic acid,andγ-aminobutyric acid,and minimized neurodegeneration in the striatum.Arbutin also reduced the abnormal performance of PD mouse models in the open field test,bar test,pole test,and rotarod test.The therapeutic efficacy of arbutin was similar to that of madopar.The intraperitoneal injection of the A2AR agonist CGS21680(0.5 mg/kg)attenuated the therapeutic effects of arbutin,whereas the intraperitoneal injection of forskolin(3 mg/kg)enhanced arbutin-mediated improvements.These findings suggest that arbutin can improve the performance of PD mouse models by inhibiting the function of the A2AR and enhancing the effects of cyclic adenosine monophosphate.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee(1616/PO/Re/S/12/CPCSEA)on November 17,2019(approval No.IAEC/2019/010). | Jie Zhao Manish Kumar Jeevan Sharma Zhihai Yuan | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，10： | 2 |
| 5 | Tribulusamide A and B, New Hepatoprotective Lignanamides from the Fruits of Tribulus terrestris: Indications of Cytoprotective Activity in Murine Hepatocyte Culture显示文摘 | Jian-Xin Li Qin Shi Quan-Bo Xiong Jeevan Prasain Yasuhiro Tezuka Toru Hareyama Zheng-Tao Wang Ken Tanaka Tsuneo Namba Shigetoshi Kadota | 1998 | Planta Med1998，，07： | 2 |
| 6 | In Situ Bioremediation Potential of an Oily Sludge-Degrading Bacterial Consortium显示文摘 | Sanjeet Mishra Jeevan Jyot Ramesh Chander Kuhad Banwari Lal | 2001 | Current Microbiology2001，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Patients direct costs to undergo TB diagnosis显示文摘Background:A major impediment to the treatment of TB is a diagnostic process that requires multiple visits.Descriptions of patient costs associated with diagnosis use different protocols and are not comparable.Methods:We aimed to describe the direct costs incurred by adults attending TB diagnostic centres in four countries and factors associated with expenditure for diagnosis.Surveys of 2225 adults attending smear-microscopy centres in Nigeria,Nepal,Ethiopia and Yemen.Adults>18 years with cough>2 weeks were enrolled prospectively.Direct costs were quantified using structured questionnaires.Patients with costs>75^(th) quartile were considered to have high expenditure(cases)and compared with patients with costs<75^(th) quartile to identify factors associated with high expenditure.Results:The most significant expenses were due to clinic fees and transport.Most participants attended the centres with companions.High expenditure was associated with attending with company,residing in rural areas/other towns and illiteracy.Conclusions:The costs incurred by patients are substantial and share common patterns across countries.Removing user fees,transparent charging policies and reimbursing clinic expenses would reduce the poverty-inducing effects of direct diagnostic costs.In locations with limited resources,support could be prioritised for those most at risk of high expenditure;those who are illiterate,attend the service with company and rural residents. | Rachel M.Anderson de Cuevas Lovett Lawson Najla Al-Sonboli Nasher Al-Aghbari Isabel Arbide Jeevan B.Sherchand Emenyonu E.Nnamdi Abraham Aseffa Mohammed A.Yassin Saddiq T.Abdurrahman Joshua Obasanya Oladimeji Olanrewaju Daniel Datiko Sally J.Theobald Andrew Ramsay S.Bertel Squire Luis E.Cuevas | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Evaluation of inoculums addition to stimulate in situ bioremediation of oily-sludge-contaminated soil显示文摘 | Sanjeet M J Jeevan C K Ramesh | 2001 | Applied & Environmental Microbiology2001，67，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Regional variation in use of immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer in England 显示文摘 | Jeevan R Cromwell DA Browne JP | 2010 | Eur J Surg Oncol2010，36，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Protective role of l-ascorbic acid on antioxidant defense system in erythrocytes of albino rats exposed to nickel sulfate显示文摘 | Kusal K. Das Amrita Das Gupta Salim A. Dhundasi Ashok M. Patil Swastika N. Das Jeevan G. Ambekar | 2007 | BioMetals2007，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | In situ bioremendiation potential ofan oily sludge-degrading bacterial consortium显示文摘 | Sanjeet Misshra Jeevan Jyot | 2001 | CurrentMicrobiology2001，43，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Information as an Enabler for Improving the Social Atatus of Citizens 显示文摘 | Jeevan VKI | 2010 | Annals of Library and Information Stud- ies2010，57，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Estimation of Gross Calorific Value of Coals Using Artificial Neural Networks显示文摘 | Pate1 S U Jeevan Kumar B Badhe Y P | 2007 | Fuel2007，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Chronic dietary kudzu isoflavones improve components of metabolic syndrome in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats显示文摘 | NingPeng Jeevan K Prasain | 2009 | J Agric Food Chern2009，57，16： | 1 |
| 15 | Isolation and characterization of cellulose nanocrystals from garlic skin显示文摘 | Jeevan Prasad Reddy Jong-Whan Rhim | 2014 | Materials Letters2014，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Recombinant interleukin-2 limits the replication of Mycobacterium lepraemurium and Mycobacterium boviz BCG in mice显示文摘 | Jeevan A Asherson GL | 1988 | Lymphokine Res1988，7，2： | 1 |
| 17 | The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in port-wine stains显示文摘 | Emre Vural Jeevan Ramakrishnan Neslihan Cetin Lisa Buckmiller James Y. Suen Chun-Yang Fan | 2008 | Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2008，，4： | 1 |
| 18 | The Clavicular Hook Plate:Consequences in Three Cases 显示文摘 | Jeevan Chandrasenan Sachin Badhe Timothy Cresswell | 2007 | Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg2007，33，： | 1 |
| 19 | Characterization of bio- nanocomposite films prepared with agar and paper-mulberry pulp nanocellulose显示文摘 | Jeevan Prasad Reddy Jong-Whan Rhim | 2014 | Carbohydrate Polymers2014，110，： | 1 |
| 20 | Deconstructing mTOR complexes in regulation of Glioblastoma Multiforme and its stem cells显示文摘 | JHANWAR-UNIYAL M JEEVAN D NEIL J | 2013 | Adv Biol Regul2013，53，： | 1 |
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