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| 1 | Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome显示文摘Human intestinal microbiota create a complex polymi-crobial ecology. This is characterised by its high population density, wide diversity and complexity of interaction. Any dysbalance of this complex intestinal microbiome, both qualitative and quantitative, might have serious health consequence for a macro-organism, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).SIBO is defined as an increase in the number and/or alteration in the type of bacteria in the upper gastro-intestinal tract. There are several endogenous defence mechanisms for preventing bacterial overgrowth: gastric acid secretion, intestinal motility, intact ileo-caecal valve, immunoglobulins within intestinal secretion and bacte-riostatic properties of pancreatic and biliary secretion. Aetiology of SIBO is usually complex, associated with disorders of protective antibacterial mechanisms (e.g. achlorhydria, pancreatic exocrine insuff iciency, immuno-deficiency syndromes), anatomical abnormalities (e.g. small intestinal obstruction, diverticula, f istulae, surgical blind loop, previous ileo-caecal resections) and/or motility disorders (e.g. scleroderma, autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus, post-radiation enteropathy, small intestinal pseudo-obstruction). In some patients more than one factor may be involved. Symptoms related to SIBO are bloating, diarrhoea, malabsorption, weight loss and malnutrition. The gold standard for diagnosing SIBO is still microbial investigation of jejunal aspirates. Noninvasive hydrogen and methane breath tests are most commonly used for the diagnosis of SIBO using glucose or lactulose. Therapy for SIBO must be com-plex, addressing all causes, symptoms and complica-tions, and fully individualised. It should include treatment of the underlying disease, nutritional support and cyclical gastro-intestinal selective antibiotics. Prognosis is usually serious, determined mostly by the underlying disease that led to SIBO. | Jan Bures Jiri Cyrany Darina Kohoutova Miroslav Frstl Stanislav Rejchrt Jaroslav Kvetina Viktor Vorisek Marcela Kopacova | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 52 |
| 2 | Intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘A complex mucosal barrier protects as the first line of defense the surface of the healthy intestinal tract from adhesion and invasion by luminal microorganisms.In this review,we provide an overview about the major components of this protective system as for example an intact epithelium,the synthesis of various antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)and the formation of the mucus layer.We highlight the crucial importance of their correct functioning for the maintenance of a proper intestinal function and the prevention of dysbiosis and disease.Barrier disturbances including a defective production of AMPs,alterations in thickness or composition of the intestinal mucus layer,alterations of pattern-recognition receptors,defects in the process of autophagy as well as unresolved endoplasmic reticulum stress result in an inadequate host protection and are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. | Lena Antoni Sabine Nuding Jan Wehkamp Eduard F Stange | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，5： | 33 |
| 3 | Treatment of acute periprosthetic infections with prosthesis retention: Review of current concepts显示文摘Periprosthetic joint infection(PJI) is a devastating complication after total joint arthroplasty, occurring in approximately 1%-2% of all cases. With growing populations and increasing age, PJI will have a growing effect on health care costs. Many risk factors have been identified that increase the risk of developing PJI, including obesity, immune system deficiencies, malignancy, previous surgery of the same joint and longer operating time. Acute PJI occurs either postoperatively(4 wk to 3 mo after initial arthroplasty, depending on the classification system), or via hematogenous spreading after a period in which the prosthesis had functioned properly. Diagnosis and the choice of treatment are the cornerstones to success. Although different definitions for PJI have been used in the past, most are more or less similar and include the presence of a sinus tract, blood infection values, synovial white blood cell count, signs of infection on histopathological analysis and one ormore positive culture results. Debridement, antibiotics and implant retention(DAIR) is the primary treatment for acute PJI, and should be performed as soon as possible after the development of symptoms. Success rates differ, but most studies report success rates of around 60%-80%. Whether single or multiple debridement procedures are more successful remains unclear. The use of local antibiotics in addition to the administration of systemic antibiotic agents is also subject to debate, and its pro's and con's should be carefully considered. Systemic treatment, based on culture results, is of importance for all PJI treatments. Additionally, rifampin should be given in Staphylococcal PJIs, unless all foreign material is removed. The most important factors contributing to treatment failure are longer duration of symptoms, a longer time after initial arthroplasty, the need for more debridement procedures, the retention of exchangeable components, and PJI caused by Staphylococcus(aureus or coagulase negative). If DAIR treatment is unsuccessful, the following treatment option should be based on the patient health status and his or her expectations. For the best functional outcome, one- or two-stage revision should be performed after DAIR failure. In conclusion, DAIR is the obvious choice for treatment of acute PJI, with good success rates in selected patients. | Jesse WP Kuiper Robin Tjeenk Willink Dirk Jan F Moojen Michel PJ van den Bekerom Sascha Colen | 2014 | World Journal of Orthopedics2014，5，5： | 12 |
| 4 | Value of a newly sequenced bacterial genome显示文摘Next-generation sequencing(NGS) technologies have made high-throughput sequencing available to medium- and small-size laboratories, culminating in a tidal wave of genomic information. The quantity of sequenced bacterial genomes has not only brought excitement to the field of genomics but also heightened expectations that NGS would boost antibacterial discovery and vaccine development. Although many possible drug and vaccine targets have been discovered, the success rate of genome-based analysis has remained below expectations. Furthermore, NGS has had consequences for genome quality, resulting in an exponential increase in draft(partial data) genome deposits in public databases. If no further interests are expressed for a particular bacterial genome, it is more likely that the sequencing of its genome will be limited to a draft stage, and the painstaking tasks of completing the sequencing of its genome and annotation will not be undertaken. It is important to know what is lost when we settle for a draft genome and to determine the 'scientific value' of a newly sequenced genome. This review addresses the expected impact of newly sequenced genomes on antibacterial discovery and vaccinology. Also, it discusses the factors that could be leading to the increase in the number of draft deposits and the consequent loss of relevant biological information. | Eudes GV Barbosa Flavia F Aburjaile Rommel TJ Ramos Adriana R Carneiro Yves Le Loir Jan Baumbach Anderson Miyoshi Artur Silva Vasco Azevedo | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，2： | 7 |
| 5 | Hepatitis B and D Viruses Exploit Sodium Taurocholate Co-transporting Polypeptide for Species-specific Entry into Hepatocytes显示文摘 | Yi Ni Florian A. Lempp Stefan Mehrle Shirin Nkongolo Christina Kaufman Maria F?lth Jan Stindt Christian K?niger Michael Nassal Ralf Kubitz Holger Sültmann Stephan Urban | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，，： | 5 |
| 6 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 7 | Therapeutic antibody targeting of CD47 eliminates human acute lymphoblastic leukemia 显示文摘 | Chao MP Alizadeh AA Tang C Jan M Weissman-Tsukamoto R Zhao F | 2011 | Cancer Res2011，71，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Design of a solar concentrator combining paraboloidal and hyperbolic mirrors using ray tracing method 显示文摘 | Chen C F Lin C H Jan H T | 2009 | Optics Communications2009，282，： | 1 |
| 9 | C-Methyl-flavonoids from the leaf waxes of some Myrtaceae显示文摘 | Eckhard Wollenweber Rüdiger Wehde Marion D?rr Günter Lang Jan F Stevens | 2000 | Phytochemistry2000，，8： | 1 |
| 10 | Diels-Alder reactions in water显示文摘 | SIJBREN OTTO JAN B F N ENGBERTS | 2000 | Pure Appl Chem2000，72，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of Ca on the solubility and molecular size distribution of DOC and Cu binding in soil solution samples显示文摘 | Romkens Paul F A M Jan Dolfing | 1998 | Environ Sci Technol1998，32，： | 1 |
| 12 | Celsior solution for improvement of currently used clinical standards of lung preservation in an ex vivo rat model显示文摘 | Thorsten Wittwer Thorsten Wahlers Jan F Cornelius | 1999 | European Journal of Cardio-thoracic Surgery1999，15，： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of different concentrations of IBA on rooting of litchi in air layering 显示文摘 | Jan N E Wazir F K Ishtiaq M | 2003 | Sarhad Journal of Agriculture2003，19，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Increased Risk of Hepatobiliary Cancers After Hospitalization for Autoimmune Disease显示文摘 | Felipe A. Castro Xiangdong Liu Asta F?rsti Jianguang Ji Jan Sundquist Kristina Sundquist Jill Koshiol Kari Hemminki | 2014 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2014，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Brick kiln exhaust as a source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surrounding soil and plants: A case study from the city of Peshawar显示文摘 | Jan F A Khan S lshaq M | 2013 | Arabian Journal of Geosciences2013，7，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Lucifcnsin, the long - sought antimicrobial factor of medicinal, maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata 显示文摘 | VACLAV C JAN Z VLADIMLR F | 2010 | Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences2010，67，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Emphysema and pneumothorax after percutaneous tracheostomy: case reports and an anatomic study显示文摘 | Bernard G F Jacques A van V Jan G K | 2004 | Chest2004，125，： | 1 |
| 18 | The alkaloid rutaecarpine is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A in mouse an human livermicrosomes显示文摘 | Ueng Y F Jan W C Lin L C | 2002 | Drug Metab Dispos2002，30，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of dietary chromium supplementation on Performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of growing - finishing swine : A meta - analysis显示文摘 | SALES J JAN OK F | 2011 | J Anim Sci2011，89，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Normocalcemia is maintained in mice under conditions of calcium malabsorption by vitamin D-induced inhibition of bone mineralization显示文摘 | Lieben Liesbet Masuyama Ritsuko Torrekens Sophie Van Looveren Riet Schrooten Jan Baatsen Pieter Lafage-Proust Marie-Hélène Dresselaers Tom Feng Jian Q Bonewald Lynda F Meyer Mark B Pike J Wesley Bouillon Roger Carmeliet Geert | 2012 | EN2012，，5： | 1 |
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