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| 1 | Current concepts on osteonecrosis of the femoral head显示文摘It is estimated that 20000 to 30000 new patients are diagnosed with osteonecrosis annually accounting for approximately 10% of the 250000 total hip arthroplasties done annually in the United States. Thelack of level 1 evidence in the literature makes it difficult to identify optimal treatment protocols to manage patients with pre-collapse avascular necrosis of the femoral head, and early intervention prior to collapse is critical to successful outcomes in joint preserving procedures. There have been a variety of traumatic and atraumatic factors that have been identified as risk factors for osteonecrosis, but the etiology and pathogenesis still remains unclear. Current osteonecrosis diagnosis is dependent upon plain anteroposterior and frog-leg lateral radiographs of the hip, followed by magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Generally, the first radiographic changes seen by radiograph will be cystic and sclerotic changes in the femoral head. Although the diagnosis may be made by radiograph, plain radiographs are generally insufficient for early diagnosis, therefore MRI is considered the most accurate benchmark. Treatment options include pharmacologic agents such as bisphosphonates and statins, biophysical treatments, as well as joint-preserving and joint-replacing surgeries. the surgical treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head can be divided into two major branches: femoral head sparing procedures(FHSP) and femoral head replacement procedures(FHRP). In general, FHSP are indicated at pre-collapse stages with minimal symptoms whereas FHRP are preferred at post-collapse symptomatic stages. It is difficult to know whether any treatment modality changes the natural history of core decompression since the true natural history of core decompression has not been delineated. | Joaquin Moya-Angeler Arianna L Gianakos Jordan C Villa Amelia Ni Joseph M Lane | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，8： | 94 |
| 2 | Management of borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer:Where do we stand?显示文摘Many patients with pancreas cancer present with locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).The principle tools used for diagnosis and staging of LAPC include endoscopic ultrasound,axial imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and diagnostic laparoscopy.The definition of resectability has historically been vague,as there is considerable debate and controversy as to the definition of LAPC.For the patient with LAPC,there is some level of involvement of the surrounding vascular structures,which include the superior mesenteric artery,celiac axis,hepatic artery,superior mesenteric vein,or portal vein.When feasible,most surgeons would recommend possible surgical resection for patients with borderline LAPC,with the goal of an R0 resection.For initially unresectable LAPC,neoadjuvant should be strongly considered.Specifically,these patients should be offered neoadjuvant therapy,and the tumor should be assessed for possible response and eventual resection.The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with this approach as a bridge to potential curative resection is broad,ranging from 3%-79%.The different modalities of neoadjuvant therapy include sin-gle or multi-agent chemotherapy combined with radiation,chemotherapy alone,and chemotherapy followed by chemotherapy with radiation.This review focuses on patients with LAPC and addresses recent advances and controversies in the field. | Jin He Andrew J Page Matthew Weiss Christopher L Wolfgang Joseph M Herman Timothy M Pawlik | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，9： | 11 |
| 3 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
| 4 | Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: A review of diagnosis and management显示文摘Anal intraepithelial neoplasia(AIN) is a premalignant lesion of the anal mucosa that is a precursor to anal cancer. Although anal cancer is relatively uncommon, rates of this malignancy are steadily rising in the United States, and among certain high risk populations the incidence of anal cancer may exceed that of colon cancer. Risk factors for AIN and anal cancer consist of clinical factors and behaviors that are associated with the acquisition and persistence of human papilloma virus(HPV) infection. The strongest HPV-associated risk factors are HIV infection, receptive anal intercourse, and high risk sexual behavior. A history of HPVmediated genital cancer, which suggests infection with an oncogenic HPV strain, is another risk factor for AIN/anal cancer. Because progression of AIN to anal cancer is known to occur in some individuals over several years, screening for AIN and early anal cancer, as well as treatment of advanced AIN lesions, is reasonable in certain high-risk populations. Although randomized controlled trials evaluating screening and treatment outcomes are lacking, experts support routine screening for AIN in high risk populations. Screening is performed using anal cytological exams, similar to those performed in cervical cancer screening programs, along with direct tissue evaluation and biopsy via high resolution anoscopy. AIN can be treated using topical therapies such as imiquimod, 5-flurouracil, and trichloroacetic acid, as well as ablative therapies such as electrocautery and laser therapy. Reductions in AIN and anal cancer rates have been shown in studies where high-risk populations were vaccinated against the oncogenic strains of HPV. Currently, the CDC recommends both high-risk and average-risk populations be vaccinated against HPV infection using the quadrivalent or nonavalent vaccines. It is important for clinicians to be familiar with AIN and the role of HPV vaccination, particularly in high risk populations. | Joseph R Roberts Lacey L Siekas Andrew M Kaz | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factor profile:A pooled analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND The diagnosis of type 2 diabetes(T2D)in younger adults,an increasingly common public health issue,is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and mortality,which may be due to a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile in individuals diagnosed at a younger age.AIM To investigate the association between age at diagnosis and the cardiovascular risk profile in adults with T2D.METHODS A pooled dataset was used,comprised of data from five previous studies of adults with T2D,including 1409 participants of whom 196 were diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 years.Anthropometric and blood biomarker measurements included body weight,body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,body fat percentage,glycaemic control(HbA1c),lipid profile and blood pressure.Univariable and multivariable linear regression models,adjusted for diabetes duration,sex,ethnicity and smoking status,were used to investigate the association between age at diagnosis and each cardiovascular risk factor.RESULTS A higher proportion of participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 were female,current smokers and treated with glucose-lowering medications,compared to participants diagnosed later in life.Participants diagnosed with T2D under the age of 40 also had higher body weight,BMI,waist circumference and body fat percentage,in addition to a more adverse lipid profile,compared to participants diagnosed at an older age.Modelling results showed that each one year reduction in age at diagnosis was significantly associated with 0.67 kg higher body weight[95%confidence interval(CI):0.52-0.82 kg],0.18 kg/m^(2) higher BMI(95%CI:0.10-0.25)and 0.32 cm higher waist circumference(95%CI:0.14-0.49),after adjustment for duration of diabetes and other confounders.Younger age at diagnosis was also significantly associated with higher HbA1c,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides.CONCLUSION The diagnosis of T2D earlier in life is associated with a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile,compared to those diagnosed later in life. | Mary M Barker Francesco Zaccardi Emer M Brady Gaurav S Gulsin Andrew P Hall Joseph Henson Zin ZinHtike Kamlesh Khunti Gerald P McCann Emma L Redman David R Webb Emma G Wilmot Tom Yates Jian Yeo Melanie J Davies Jack A Sargeant | 2022 | World Journal of Diabetes2022，13，3： | 2 |
| 6 | Mode of action of the COR15a gene on the freezing tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana 显示文摘 | STEPONKUS P L UEMURA M JOSEPH R A | 1998 | Proc Nail Acad Sci USA1998，95，14： | 1 |
| 7 | Closed tubular automobile parts demand innovative welding methods 显示文摘 | Michael G P Joseph M L | 1997 | Welding Journal1997，76，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Cold Acclimation of Arabidopsis Thalian 显示文摘 | M Uemura R A Joseph and P L Steponkus | 1995 | Plant Physiol1995，，109： | 1 |
| 9 | Effects of a comprehensive school based asthma program on symptoms, parentmanagement, grades, and absenteeism显示文摘 | Clark N M Brown R Joseph C L | 2004 | Chest2004，29，125： | 1 |
| 10 | Preferred risk allocation in target cost contracts in con- struction显示文摘 | Joseph H L Chan Daniel W M Chan Patrick T I Lam | 2011 | Facilities2011，29，1314： | 1 |
| 11 | Prevention and Control of Influenza with Vaccines Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2010显示文摘 | Fiore Anthony E Uyeki Timothy M Broder Karen Finelli Lyn Euler Gary L Singleton James A Iskander John K Wortley Pascale M Shay David K Bresee Joseph S Cox Nancy J | 2010 | MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report2010，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Genetic profiling of advanced radioactive iodine-resistant differentiated thyroid cancer and correlation with axitinib efficacy显示文摘 | Schechter RB Nagilla M Joseph L | 2015 | Cancer Lett2015，359，2： | 1 |
| 13 | The Mismatch Effect: When Testosterone and Status Are at Odds 显示文摘 | JOSEPHS R A SELLERS J G NEWMAN M L | 2006 | Journal of Personality & Social Psychology2006，，90： | 1 |
| 14 | Self-organizing map for cluster analysis of a breast cancer database显示文摘 | Mia K M Joseph Y L Georgia D T | 2003 | Artificial Intelligence in Medicine2003，27，： | 1 |
| 15 | Stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation-an overview of the fundamental problem显示文摘 | M Mohan Sondhi Dennis R Morgan Joseph L Hall | 1995 | IEEE Signal Processing Letters1995，2，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Some properties of paucidisperse gymnosperm lignin sulfonates of different molecular weights显示文摘 | RICHARD F B JOHN A N JOSEPH L M | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 17 | Design of the world's tallest building-petronas twin tower at Kuala Lumpur city centre显示文摘 | THORNTON C H HUNGSPRUKE U JOSEPH L M | 1997 | The Structural Design of Tall Buildings1997，6，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluating the incremental benefits of raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels during lipid therapy after adjustment for the reductions in other blood lipid levels显示文摘 | Grover SA Kaouache M Joseph L | 2009 | Arch Intern Med2009，169，19： | 1 |
| 19 | Capsaicin and neurogenic detrusor hyperreflexia:a double-blind placebo-controlled study in 20 patients with spinal cord lesions 显示文摘 | De Seze M Wiart L Joseph PA | 1998 | Neurourol Urodyn1998，17，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Closed tubular automobile parts demand innovative welding methods显示文摘 | Michael G P Joseph M L | 1997 | Welding Journal1997，76，10： | 1 |
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