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| 1 | Differential diagnosis in inflammatory bowel disease colitis:State of the art and future perspectives显示文摘Distinction between Crohn's disease of the colonrectum and ulcerative colitis or inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) type unclassified can be of pivotal importance for a tailored clinical management,as each entity often involves specific therapeutic strategies and prognosis.Nonetheless,no gold standard is available and the uncertainty of diagnosis may frequently lead to misclassification or repeated examinations.Hence,we have performed a literature search to address the problem of differential diagnosis in IBD colitis,revised current and emerging diagnostic tools and refined disease classification strategies.Nowadays,the differential diagnosis is an untangled issue,and the proper diagnosis cannot be reached in up to 10% of patients presenting with IBD colitis.This topic is receiving emerging attention,as medical therapies,surgical approaches and leading prognostic outcomes require more and more disease-specific strategies in IBD patients.The optimization of standard diagnostic approaches based on clinical features,biomarkers,radiology,endoscopy and histopathology appears to provide only marginal benefits.Conversely,emerging diagnostic techniques in the field of gastrointestinal endoscopy,molecular pathology,genetics,epigenetics,metabolomics and proteomics have already shown promising results.Novel advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and biomarkers can shed new light for the differential diagnosis of IBD,better reflecting diverse disease behaviors based on specific pathogenic pathways. | Gian Eugenio Tontini Maurizio Vecchi Luca Pastorelli Markus F Neurath Helmut Neumann | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，1： | 13 |
| 2 | Cancer risk in IBD: How to diagnose and how to manage DALM and ALM显示文摘The risk of developing neoplasia leading to colorectal cancer is significantly increased in ulcerative colitis (UC) and most likely in Crohn's disease. Several endoscopic surveillance strategies have been implemented to identify these lesions. The main issue is that colitisassociated neoplasms often occurs in flat mucosa, often being detected on taking random biopsies rather than by identification of these lesions via endoscopic imaging. The standard diagnostic procedure in long lasting UC is to take four biopsies every 10 cm. Image enhancement methods, such as chromoendoscopy and virtual histology using endomicroscopy, have greatly im- proved neoplasia detection rates and may contribute toreduced random biopsies by taking targeted 'smart' biopsies. Chromoendoscopy may effectively be performed by experienced endoscopists for routine screening of UC patients. By contrast, endomicroscopy is often only available in selected specialized endoscopic centers. Importantly, advanced endoscopic imaging has the poten- tial to increase the detection rate of neoplasia whereas the interplay between endoscopic experience and interpretation of histological biopsy evaluation allows the physician to make a proper diagnosis and to find the appropriate therapeutic approach. Colitis-associated intraepithelial neoplasms may occur in flat mucosa of endoscopically normal appearance or may arise as dysplasia-associated lesion or mass (DALM), which may be indistinguishable from sporadic adenomas in healthy or non-colitis mucosa [adenoma-like mass (ALM)]. The aim of this review was to summarize endoscopic and histological characteristics of DALM and ALM in the context of therapeutic procedures. | Helmut Neumann Michael Vieth Cord Langner Markus F Neurath Jonas Mudter | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，27： | 6 |
| 3 | New endoscopic approaches in IBD显示文摘Recent advances in endoscopic imaging techniques have revolutionized the diagnostic approach of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).New,emerging endoscopic imaging techniques visualized a plethora of new mucosal details even at the cellular and subcellular level.This review offers an overview about new endoscopic techniques,including chromoendoscopy,magnification endoscopy,spectroscopy,confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy in the face of IBD. | Helmut Neumann Markus F Neurath Jonas Mudter | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，1： | 6 |
| 4 | First case report of exacerbated ulcerative colitis after anti-interleukin-6R salvage therapy显示文摘We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with long-standing ulcerative colitis and severe, steroid-dependent disease course unresponsive to treatment with azathioprine, methotrexate, anti-TNF antibodies(infliximab, adalimumab) and tacrolimus, who refused colectomy as a therapeutic option. As the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6) had been identified as a crucial regulator in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, we treated the patient with biweekly intravenous infusions of an anti-IL-6R antibody(tocilizumab) for 12 wk. However, no clinical improvement of disease activity was noted. In fact, endoscopic, histological and endomicroscopic assessment demonstrated exacerbation of mucosal inflammation and ulcer formation upon anti-IL-6R therapy. Mechanistic studies revealed that tocilizumab treatment failed to suppress intestinal IL-6 production, impaired epithelial barrier function and induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-21 and IFN-γ. Inhibition of IL-6 by tocilizumab had no clinical benefit in this patient with intractable ulcerative colitis and even led to exacerbation of mucosal inflammation. Our findings suggest that anti-IL-6R antibody therapy may leadto aggravation of anti-TNF resistant ulcerative colitis. When targeting IL-6, the differential responsiveness of target cells has to be taken into account, as IL-6 on the one side promotes acute and chronic mucosal inflammation via soluble IL-6R signaling but on the other side also strongly contributes to epithelial cell survival via membrane bound IL-6R signaling. | Raja Atreya Ulrike Billmeier Timo Rath Jonas Mudter Michael Vieth Helmut Neumann Markus F Neurath | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，45： | 5 |
| 5 | Determination of heavy metals in activated charcoals and carbon black for Lyocell fiber production using direct solid sampling high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry显示文摘 | Fábio G. Lepri Daniel L.G. Borges Rennan G.O. Araujo Bernhard Welz Frank Wendler Marcus Krieg Helmut Becker-Ross | 2010 | Talanta2010，，3： | 3 |
| 6 | The cause of land use and land cover change: moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F L Turner B L Helmut J G | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，11，4： | 1 |
| 7 | The cause of land-use and land-cover change: moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F Lam bin TurnerB L Helmut J | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，11，： | 1 |
| 8 | Dynamic Causal Patterns of Desertification显示文摘 | Helmut J Geist and Eric F Lambin | 2004 | Bioscience2004，54，9： | 1 |
| 9 | A challenge for plastic surgery 显示文摘 | Helmut F Wolfgang L | 2008 | Nasal Reconstruction2008，105，43： | 1 |
| 10 | Structural relationship of two coordination polymers of Cu (Ⅰ) with the ligand ethanediyl his (isonicotinate) 显示文摘 | Adeline Y R Katharina M F Helmut G | 2003 | Cryst Eng Comm2003，71，5： | 1 |
| 11 | The cause of land-use and land-cover change:moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F Lambin B L Turner Helmut J Geist | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，11，4： | 1 |
| 12 | The Cause of Land Use and Land Cover Change: Moving Beyond the Myths 显示文摘 | Eric F Lambin B L Turner Helmut J Geist | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Global environment change:moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F Lambin Turner B L Helmut J Geist | 2001 | Global Environment Change2001，11，： | 1 |
| 14 | The causes of land - use and land - cover change:moving beyond the myths显示文摘 | Eric F Lambin B L Turner Helmut J Geist | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Estrogen receptor expression in prostate cancer and premalignant prostatic lesions显示文摘 | Helmut B Thomas F Isabel H | 1999 | Am J of Pathol1999，155，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Hysteretic models that incorporate strength and stiffness deterioration 显示文摘 | Luis F Ibarra Ricardo A Medina Helmut Krawinkler | 2005 | Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2005，34，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Pathophysiologic and Therapeutic Importance of Tissue ACE: A Consensus Report显示文摘 | Victor J. Dzau Kenneth Bernstein David Celermajer Jerome Cohen Bj?rn Dahl?f John Deanfield Javier Diez Helmut Drexler Roberto Ferrari Wiek van Gilst Lennart Hansson Burkhard Hornig Ahsan Husain Colin Johnston Harold Lazar Eva Lonn Thomas Lüscher John Manc | 2002 | Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy2002，，2： | 1 |
| 18 | New Multidentate Potential Ionophors of Ether Amide Type显示文摘 | WHEI O L JOS A A F HELMUT G A | 1985 | Monatshefte Fur Chemic1985，116，： | 1 |
| 19 | The causes of land-use and land-cover change : moving beyond the myths 显示文摘 | Lambin E F Turner B L Helmut J G | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，11，4： | 1 |
| 20 | The causes of Land-use and Land cover Change: Moving beyond the myths 显示文摘 | Eric F Lambin B L Turner Helmut J | 2001 | Global Environmental Change2001，11，4： | 1 |
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