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12010年世界胃肠病学组织关于炎症性肠病诊断和治疗的实践指南显示文摘炎症性肠病(IBD)是一组特发性、慢性、炎症性肠道疾病状态,包括两种主要类型:克罗恩病(CD)和溃疡性结肠炎(UC),两者的临床和病理特征既有重叠又有区别。IBD过去常见于发达国家,近几十年,发展中国家的患病率逐步上升。本指南就IBD诊断和治疗方面提出的独特议题在当前的文献和指南中几乎从未被提及。由于各地区的IBD临床特点差异较大,因此根据患者的主诉诊断IBD或评估疾病活动度需随地区的变化而变化。同样,治疗亦应根据疾病的分类和当地医疗资源进行调整。世界胃肠病学组织根据世界各国医疗资源的差异,采用级联方法制订了IBD的诊疗指南。Charles N.Bernstein Michael Fried J.H.Krabshuis Henry Cohen R.Eliakim Suleiman Fedail Richard Gearry K.L.Goh Saheed Hamid Aamir Ghafor Khan A.W.LeMair Malfertheiner Qin Ouyang J.F.Rey Ajit Sood Flavio Steinwurz Ole O.Thomsen Alan Thomson Gillian Watermeyer 杨钊斌 杨川华 钱本余 2010胃肠病学2010,15,9:101
2亚太地区慢性乙型肝炎治疗共识(2012最新版)显示文摘自2008年至今,有大量关于慢性HBV感染的自然史和治疗的最新数据不断涌现。其中包括慢性HBV感染的无症状感染者,以社区为基础的队列研究,HBV基因型的作用,非药物诱导的自然HBV变异型毒株,无创性肝纤维化评估方法的应用,HBsAg定量在临床中的应用,更有效的新治疗药物和新治疗方案等等。来自亚太地区的专家审查和评估了相关数据,并共同商讨了近年来报道的最有意义的发现,基于此,对2008年版的亚太地区慢性乙型肝炎治疗共识进行修订,同时对2008年版治疗指南定义的关键词组进行了修订。修订后的指南包括以下几方面内容:一般治疗,肝纤维化评价适应证,何时开始治疗或停药,初始抗病毒治疗药物的选择,如何监测治疗中和治疗后的患者。关于特殊人群的治疗建议中包括了对妊娠妇女,已发生耐药,合并其他病毒感染,肝功能失代偿,接受免疫抑制治疗、化疗,肝移植或肝细胞癌患者的具体治疗建议。廖运范 Jia-HorngKao Teerha Piratvisuth Henry Lik Yuen Chan Rong-Nan Chien Chun-Jen Liu Ed Gane Stephen Locarnini Seng-Gee Lim Kwang-Hyub Han Deepak Amarapurkar Graham Cooksley Wasim Jafri Rosmawati Mohamed Wan-Long Chuang Laurentius A.Lesmana Jose D.Sollano Dong-Jin Suh Masao Omata 刘颖 徐莹 李芸 黄祖雄 樊蓉 李小溪 吕国涛 周彬 孙剑 侯金林 2012临床肝胆病杂志2012,28,8:182
3卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作患者的卒中预防指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南显示文摘本更新版指南旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐.本指南适用于所有为上述患者提供二级预防的临床医生.这些循证推荐包括危险因素的控制、血管闭塞的干预、心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性栓塞性卒中的抗血小板治疗.还对各种特殊情况下复发性卒中的预防提供了推荐意见,包括主动脉弓粥样硬化、动脉夹层分离、卵圆孔未闭、高同型半胱氨酸血症、高凝状态、抗心磷脂抗体综合征、镰状细胞病、脑静脉窦血栓形成以及妊娠.此外,还有专门的章节对颅内出血后抗栓和抗凝治疗的应用以及指南的实施进行了讨论.Walter N.Kernan Bruce Ovbiagele Henry R.Black Dawn M.Bravata Marc I.Chimowitz Michael D.Ezekowitz Margaret C.Fang Marc Fisher Karen L.Furie 洪道俊 黄招君 李小兵 周美鸿 吴成斯 王博 卢艺 吴裕臣 2014国际脑血管病杂志2014,22,11:585
4欧洲新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征防治共识指南:2016版显示文摘新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)是早产儿的重要疾病,尽管治疗手段不断成熟,低龄早产儿存活率逐渐增高,但支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发病率也随之升高,其中部分原因是减少了出生后激素的使用.2006年以来,来自欧洲许多国家的新生儿专家每3年一次回顾最新文献,就RDS或有RDS风险早产儿的防治达成共识,立志于改善欧洲新生儿的预后.欧洲RDS防治指南2007年开始发布,2010年和2013年进行了更新,期间获得了欧洲围产医学学会的大力支持.RDS是由于肺表面活性物质(PS)缺乏导致生后早期出现呼吸窘迫,典型临床表现随着防治手段的改进发生了巨大变化.DavidG.Sweet Virgilio Carnielli Gorm Greisen Mikko Hallman Eren Ozek Richard Plavka Ola Didrik Saugstad Umberto Simeoni Christian P. Speer Maximo Vento Gerard H. A. Visser Henry L. Halliday 2017中华儿科杂志2017,55,3:90
5Portal vein thrombosis:Prevalence,patient characteristics and lifetime risk:A population study based on 23796 consecutive autopsies显示文摘瞄准:估计一生在一般人口的门静脉血栓形成(PVT ) 的累积发生。方法:在 1970 和 1982 之间, 23,796 具尸体,在马尔摩城市人口代表 84% 所有在里面医院死亡,被执行,用包括门静脉的检查的一个 standardised 协议。PVT 病人被描述并且在尸体的 PVT 流行,一生的表情累积发生,在高风险的疾病范畴估计了并且以机会比率和 95% CI 表示了。结果:PVT 的人口流行是 1.0% 。有 PVT 28% 的 254 个病人有肝硬化, 23% 主要并且 44% 第二等的肝胆管恶意, 10% 主要腹的传染或煽动性的疾病并且 3% 有 myeloproliferative 混乱。有肝硬化和肝的癌的病人有最高的 PVT 风险,或 17.1 (95% CI 11.1-26.4 ) 。在 14% ,没有原因被发现;仅仅,少数他们开发了 portal-hypertension-related 复杂并发症。结论:在这基于人口的研究, PVT 比由以前的临床的系列显示被发现更普通。显著地,在肝硬化和肝的癌的过量风险应该在指导干预的未来的研究可能为被考虑的这些病人保证增加的了解。Mats gren David Bergqvist Martin Bjrck Stefan Acosta Henry Eriksson Nils H Sternby 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,13:66
6基于IMRT时代的第八版AJCC/UICC鼻咽癌临床分期建议显示文摘目的准确的分期系统对癌症的治疗至关重要。随着癌症分期和治疗方法的演变,需要不断评价分期的适用性和改进性。方法基于第7版AJCC/UICC分期回顾性分析香港和中国大陆2个肿瘤中心收治的1609例接受调强放射治疗的首诊无转移鼻咽癌患者临床资料,所有患者治疗前均行核磁共振分期评估。结果无其他T3、T4期解剖结构受侵患者中,伴有咀嚼肌间隙(翼内肌和/或翼外肌)侵犯、椎前肌侵犯及咽旁间隙侵犯的三组患者之间0s相近。伴广泛软组织(上述侵犯结构以外的软组织)受侵患者OS与伴有颅内侵犯或颅神经侵犯相似。仅2%患者锁骨上窝以上淋巴结转移者直径〉6cm,其0s率与下颈淋巴结转移者类似。用下颈(环状软骨尾侧缘水平以下)代替锁骨上窝并不影响N分期之间的风险差异性。采用推荐的T、N分期,T。N。、T。N,期0s相近。结论经AJCC/UICC分期筹备委员会审阅后,建议第8版分期应将翼内肌/翼外肌从T。降到T:期,增加椎前肌为L期,用下颈取代锁骨上窝,将淋巴结最大直径〉6cm合并归为N,期,将T。、N,期统一归为Ⅳ。期。这些改变不仅使得相邻分期间风险差异性更好,而且使得临床实践性与全球适用性之间达到最佳平衡。潘建基 Wai Tong Ng 宗井凤 Lucy L.K.Chan Brian O' Sullivan 林少俊 Henry C.K.Sze 陈韵彬 Horace C.W.Choi 郭巧娟 Wai Kuen Kan 肖友平 Xu Wei Quynh Thu Le Christine M.Glastonbury A.Dimtrios Colevas Randal S.Weber Jatin P.Shah Anne W.M.Lee 2016中华放射肿瘤学杂志2016,25,3:65
7贫困农村卫生服务利用的公平性研究显示文摘本文通过分析贫困农村2722户家庭卫生服务调查的材料,研究了农户收入差别对其卫生服务利用的影响。研究结果表明:贫困、中等、富裕三组农户对门诊和住院服务的需要较为近似;对门诊服务的利用差别较小;住院服务的利用差距较大。富裕组年住院率及自报次均住院费用均明显高于贫困组。这表明随着农户经济收入差别的扩大,贫困农村卫生服务利用的公平性受到一定的损害,特别是对生活在贫困线以下的农户有较大的影响。于浩 顾杏元 Henry Lucas 1997中国卫生经济1997,16,4:36
8中国医患共同决策心血管病领域研究现状与展望显示文摘医患共同决策(SDM)是指患者参与医疗决策过程,与医生一起充分沟通讨论不同医疗选择的利弊后做出最终决策的医疗模式。这一方式有助于让患者参与医疗决策过程,从而提高患者的依从性、增强医患间信任,提高患者满意度,最终改善长期预后。本文通过介绍SDM定义、要素、应用场景以及决策工具应用,进而以国外心血管病SDM研究为背景,最后介绍中国首次开展SDM研究如他汀选择、慢性闭塞性病变(CTO)选择的内容与结果,结合这些研究开展推进的情况,指出中国推广SDM研究的问题和可能解决方案。黄榕翀 杨雪瑶 宋现涛 Victor M.Montori Henry H.Ting 2017医学与哲学(B)2017,38,10:34
9Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis显示文摘AIM: Although an association between helatic steatosis and vascular risk factors has been described, direct relationships between fatty liver and atherosclerosis have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study has been to investigate those relationships.METHODS: The Study of Health in Pomerania examined a random population sample aged between 20 and 79 years.A study population of 4 222 subjects without hepatitis B and C infections and without liver cirrhosis was available for the present analysis. Hepatic steatosis was defined sonographically and intima-media thickness (IMT) as well as plaque prevalence were estimated by carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: The prevalence rate of hepatic steatosis was 29.9%. Among subjects aged ≥45 years, an association between hepatic steatosis and IMT of the carotid arteries was found in bivariate analysis, but not after adjustment for atherosclerotic risk factors. Individuals with fatty liver had more often carotid plaques than persons without fatty liver (plaque prevalence rate 76.8% vs 66.6%; P<0.001).This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors and was predominantly present in subjects with no to mild alcohol consumption.CONCLUSION: There is an independent association between hepatic steatosis and carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Metabolic changes due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may explain this relationship.Henry V(o|¨)lzke Daniel M.Robinson Volker Kleine Roland Deutscher Wolfgang Hoffmann Jan Lüdemann Ulf Schminke Christof Kessler Ulrich John 2005World Journal of Gastroenterology2005,11,12:29
10Efficiency of the motion amplification device with viscous dampers and its application in high-rise buildings显示文摘After nearly a decade of application and investigation,a motion amplifi cation device with viscous dampers for energy dissipation has been recognized as an effective solution to mitigate wind or seismic excitation,especially for stiff structural systems.As a result of compensation of amplifi ed motion,it has been proved that the effi ciency of viscous damper largely depends on the motion amplifi cation device confi guration,particularly for device stiffness.In this paper,a 'scissor-jack' type of motion amplification device,called a 'toggle brace damper' system,is studied.It is demonstrated that the effi ciency of such a device reflected by its amplifi cation factor is not merely a function of its geometric confi guration,but is highly dependent on the support elements' stiffness as well,similar to the mechanism of a leverage arm.Accordingly,a mathematical model in terms of complex modulus of the viscous damper with consideration of the support brace's stiffness is established.The results indicate that the effi ciency of the motion amplif ication device with viscous dampers signif icantly depends on the stiffness of the support elements.Other parameters,such as toggle brace confi guration and damping values of the viscous damper,are studied and compared.As an application example,numerical analyses are conducted to study the dynamic performance of a 39-story offi ce tower installed with toggle brace dampers constructed on soft soil in a reclaimed area,under a combined effect of the vortex shedding of an adjacent existing 52-story building and earthquakes.The results show that viscous dampers with a motion amplifi cation system using a properly designed toggle brace device proved to be an effective solution to alleviate the external excitations.Henry C.Huang 2009Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2009,8,4:28
11Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?显示文摘Alejandro R. Jadad R.Andrew Moore Dawn Carroll Crispin Jenkinson D.John M. Reynolds David J. Gavaghan Henry J. McQuay 1996Controlled Clinical Trials1996,,1:25
12极远端胫骨交锁髓内钉结合阻挡螺钉技术微创治疗胫骨远端骨折显示文摘目的介绍极远端胫骨交锁髓内钉结合阻挡螺钉(blockingscrew)技术治疗胫骨远端骨折的手术方法,并评估初步临床疗效。方法2007年3月至2007年9月,采用极远端胫骨交锁髓内钉结合阻挡螺钉技术治疗胫骨远端骨折患者5例,男4例,女1例;年龄21~45岁,平均31.8岁。对其临床资料进行分析,并评估其临床疗效。结果所有患者术后随访时间3~43周,平均22.2周,均达到解剖复位并获得稳定固定,术后伤口均顺利愈合,未发生软组织并发症。结论与常规切开复位、支撑钢板内固定治疗胫骨远端骨折比较,极远端胫骨交锁髓内钉结合阻挡螺钉技术具有微创、手术时间短、固定可靠、术后软组织恢复好等优点。秦煜 Henry DeGrootIII 2008中华创伤骨科杂志2008,10,9:24
13不同程度慢性牙周炎患者病情的二年自然进展显示文摘目的 观察不同程度慢性牙周炎的自然进展规律。方法 纵向观察 16 9例轻、中、重度慢性牙周炎患者在 2年中的疾病自然进展 ,检查除第三磨牙外的全口牙 ,每颗牙 6个位点 ,以探诊深度、附着丧失为指标 ,两次检查之间附着丧失加重≥ 3mm的牙位定为活动性进展。结果 活动性发生率依基线时疾病的轻、中、重程度而逐渐增高 ,按位点活动性的发生率分别为 0 14 %、0 39%及0 73% ,按个体活动性的发生率分别为 15 5 6 %、2 9 89%及 4 3 2 4 % ,差异有统计学意义。结论 重度牙周炎患者是牙周破坏活动性进展的高危人群。欧阳翔英 曹采方 Henry Liu 胡文杰 J Leslie Winston 2004中华口腔医学杂志2004,39,3:24
14The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis显示文摘Huang Norden E. Shen Zheng Long Steven R. Wu Manli C. Shih Hsing H. Zheng Quanan Yen Nai-Chyuan Tung Chi Chao Liu Henry H 1998Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences . 1998 (1971)1998,,1971:22
15橡胶加工分析仪的应用(上)显示文摘RPA 2000橡胶加工分析仪是一种新型动态力学流变试验机,它可在未硫化和硫化两种状态分析生胶、母炼胶和混炼胶。该分析仪无需专门的试样准备,它易于操作,且能把范围广泛的动态试验条件(包括非常高的应变)作用在橡胶试样上。本文讨论RPA作为加工性能测试仪在预测不同混炼胶混炼质量方面的应用。炭黑分散效果和聚合物塑化效果,都通过RPA试验进行测定。油料添加量改变以及分段混炼技术产生的不同混炼质量则通过测量粘弹性能变化来表征。使用多种通用的轮胎胶料,鉴别出了最佳的RPA应变、频率和温度试验条件,从而可以与传统的加工对比试验之间保持最佳的相关性。本文亦给出了选定的SBR生胶的RPA粘弹特性,这些特性包括切变模量与温度的关系。这些研究涉及了不同货源乳聚物以及特种溶聚橡胶。John S.Dick Henry A.Pawlowski 姚琳 2001橡塑技术与装备2001,27,1:23
16橡胶加工分析仪的应用(下)显示文摘RPA 2000橡胶加工分析仪是一种新型动态力学流变试验机,它可在未硫化和硫化两种状态分析生胶、母胶和混炼胶。该分析仪无需专门的试样准备,它易于操作,且能把范围广泛的动态试验条件(包括非常高的应变)作用在橡胶试样上。本文讨论RPA作为加工性能测试仪在预测不同混炼胶混炼质量方面的应用。炭黑分散效果和聚合物塑化效果都通过RPA试验进行测定。油料添加量改变以及分段混炼技术产生的不同混炼质量则通过测量粘弹性能变化来表征。使用多种通用的轮胎胶料,鉴别出了最佳的RPA应变、频率和温度试验条件,从而可以与传统的加工对比试验之间保持最佳的相关性。本文亦给出了选定的SBR生胶的RPA粘弹特性,这些特性包括切变模量与温度的关系。这些研究涉及了不同货源乳聚物以及特种溶聚橡胶。John S.Dick Henry A.Pawlowski 姚琳译 瞿光明 2001橡塑技术与装备2001,27,2:22
17Gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome显示文摘Gut microbiota exerts a significant role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome,as confirmed by studies conducted both on humans and animal models.Gut microbial composition and functions are strongly influenced by diet.This complex intestinal'superorganism'seems to affect host metabolic balance modulating energy absorption,gut motility,appetite,glucose and lipid metabolism,as well as hepatic fatty storage.An impairment of the fine balance between gut microbes and host’s immune system could culminate in the intestinal translocation of bacterial fragments and the development of'metabolic endotoxemia',leading to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance.Diet induced weight-loss and bariatric surgery promote significant changes of gut microbial composition,that seem to affect the success,or the inefficacy,of treatment strategies.Manipulation of gut microbiota through the administration of prebiotics or probiotics could reduce intestinal low grade inflammation and improve gut barrier integrity,thus,ameliorating metabolic balance and promoting weight loss.However,further evidence is needed to better understand their clinical impact and therapeutic use.Davide Festi Ramona Schiumerini Leonardo Henry Eusebi Giovanni Marasco Martina Taddia Antonio Colecchia 2014World Journal of Gastroenterology2014,20,43:23
18农户参加新型农村合作医疗项目的影响因素分析显示文摘本文以农户参与新型农村合作医疗项目的决策行为为例,探讨农户大病风险处理行为及参加新农合的影响因素。本文分析认为,农户比较购买医疗保险和自我保险的预期效用来决定是否参加'新农合';农户比较正规和非正规医疗保障成本高低实现净收益最大化。农户参与'新农合'的决策受到资源禀赋、疾病风险特征和'新农合'制度环境因素的影响。本文最后提出了相关政策建议。陈玉萍 李哲 Henry Lucas Gerald Bloom 丁士军 2010中国软科学2010,,6:21
19Hepatitis B virus genotype has no impact on hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion after lamivudine treatment显示文摘AIM: To investigate the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and HBeAg seroconversion after nucleotide analogue treatment.METHODS: Chronic hepatitis B patients receiving lamivudine followed up for at least 6 months post-treatment were studied. Consecutive treatment-naive patients who were prospectively followed up in the clinic for at least 18 months were studied as controls. HBeAg seroconversion was defined as loss of HBeAg, appearance of anti-HBe and normalization of alanine aminotransferase for at least 6 months.RESULTS: Thirty-five patients on lamivudine and 96 control patients followed up for 39 (18-49) months were studied.Lamivudine was given for 12 (10-18) months, and patients were followed up for 15 (6-34) months after drug cessation.Genotype B and C HBV were found in 43 and 88 patients and HBeAg seroconversion occurred in 12 (28 %) and 16(18 %) patients, respectively (P=0.30). There was no difference in HBeAg seroconversion between patients infected by genotype B and C HBV in the control (35 % vs 21%, P=0.25) and lamivudine-treated (14 % vs 10 %,P=1.00) groups.CONCLUSION: HBeAg seroconversion after treatment by lamivudine was not influenced by the HBV genotype.Henry Lik-Yuen Chan May-Ling Wong Alex Yui Hui Angel Mei-Ling Chim Ada Mei-Ling Tse Lawrence Cheung-Tsui Hung Francis Ka-Leung Chan Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung 2003World Journal of Gastroenterology2003,9,12:21
20薄板激光焊时失稳变形及其控制显示文摘对薄板激光焊时出现的失稳变形进行了试验研究,利用CCD记录和观察0.8 mm和1.5 mm两种厚度的不锈钢板焊接过程中典型的动态变形行为,这种变形行为既包括变形量的大小又包括变形的方向;根据两种厚度薄板表现出的不同变形行为,分析了各自发生失稳的机理。采用冷却水为介质的背面动态冷却方法对失稳变形进行控制,通过对冷热源距离d和冷却水流量q两个主要冷却参数的优化,在有无拘束两种条件下分别得到了0.8 mm和1.5 mm薄板良好的变形控制效果。同时讨论了合理拘束对失稳变形的影响。温鹏 张旭东 陈武柱 Henry Peng 2006焊接学报2006,27,9:21
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