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| 1 | Hepatitis B and C virus-induced hepatitis: Apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response显示文摘AIM: To investigate the co-incidence of apoptosis, autophagy, and unfolded protein response(UPR) in hepatitis B(HBV) and C(HCV) infected hepatocytes.METHODS: We performed immunofluorescence confocal microscopy on 10 liver biopsies from HBV and HCV patients and tissue microarrays of HBV positive liver samples. We used specific antibodies for LC3β, cleaved caspase-3, BIP(GRP78), and XBP1 to detect autophagy, apoptosis and UPR, respectively. AntiHCV NS3 and anti-HBs antibodies were also used to confirm infection. We performed triple blind counting of events to determine the co-incidence of autophagy(LC3β punctuate), apoptosis(cleaved caspase-3), and unfolded protein response(GRP78) with HBV and HCV infection in hepatocytes. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software for Windows(Version 16 SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, United States). P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed with Mann-Whitney test to compare incidence rates for autophagy, apoptosis, and UPR in HBV- and HCV-infected cells and adjacent noninfected cells.RESULTS: Our results showed that infection of hepatocytes with either HBV and HCV induces significant increase(P < 0.001) in apoptosis(cleavage of caspase-3), autophagy(LC3β punctate), and UPR(increase in GRP78 expression) in the HCV- and HBVinfected cells, as compared to non-infected cells of the same biopsy sections. Our tissue microarray immunohistochemical expression analysis of LC3β in HBV^(Neg) and HBV^(Pos) revealed that majority of HBVinfected hepatocytes display strong positive stainingfor LC3β. Interestingly, although XBP splicing in HBVinfected cells was significantly higher(P < 0.05), our analyses show a slight increase of XBP splicing was in HCV-infected cells(P > 0.05). Furthermore, our evaluation of patients with HBV and HCV infection based on stage and grade of the liver diseases revealed no correlation between these pathological findings and induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and UPR.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that HCV and HBV infection activates apoptosis, autophagy and UPR, but slightly differently by each virus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the interconnections between these pathways in relation to pathology of HCV and HBV in the liver tissue. | Behzad Yeganeh Adel Rezaei Moghadam Javad Alizadeh Emilia Wiechec Seyed Moayed Alavian Mohammad Hashemi Bita Geramizadeh Afshin Samali Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Martin Post Payam Peymani Kevin M Coombs Saeid Ghavami | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，47： | 13 |
| 2 | ISF-SiO2An Efficient Reagent System for the One-pot Synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted Imidazoles 显示文摘 | SADEGHI B MIRJALIL 15 B F HASHEMI M M | 2008 | Tetrahedron Lett2008，49，： | 1 |
| 3 | Adhesionperformance of an epoxy clear coat on aluminum alloy in thepresence of vinyl and amino-silane primers 显示文摘 | Mohseni M Mirabedini M Hashemi M Thompson G E | 2006 | Progress in OrganicCoatings2006，57，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Comparison of corneal and anterior chamber parameters following myopic laser in situ keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy by Pentacam as a new imaging technique显示文摘 | Zare MA Hashemi H Jamali M | 2011 | Iran J Ophthalmo12011，23，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Adaptive noise variance estimation in bayes shrink显示文摘 | HASHEMI M BEHESHTI S | 2010 | IEEE Signal Processing Letters2010，17，1： | 1 |
| 6 | A note on the learning automata based algorithms for adaptive parameter selection in PSO 显示文摘 | HASHEMI A B MEYBODI M R | 2011 | Applied Sott Computing2011，11，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Topography - guided vs wavefront - optimized surface ablation for myopia using the waveLight platform: a contralateral eye study 显示文摘 | FALAVARJANI KG HASHEMI M MODARRES M | 2011 | J Refract Surg2011，27，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Analysis of pl5INK4b and pl6INK4a gene methylation in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma显示文摘 | Kordi-Tamandani DM Ladies MA Hashemi M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Cytotoxic effects of intra and extracellular zinc chelation on human breast cancer cells显示文摘 | Hashemi M Ghavami S Eshraghi M Booy EP Los M | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 10 | Utility of endoscopic ultrasound to diagnose remnant stones in symptomatic patients after cholecystectomy显示文摘 | Mohamadnejad M Hashemi S J Zamani F | 2014 | Endoscopy2014，46，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Well test analysis of horizontal wells in gas-condensate reservoirs显示文摘 | Hashemi A Nicolas L M France G D | 2006 | SPE Reservoir Evalnation & Engineering2006，9，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Surface modification of silica core-shell nanoeapsules: biomedical implications显示文摘 | Hashemi O R Raoufi F Ganjall M R | 2006 | Biomacromolecules2006，7，3： | 1 |
| 13 | An efficient implicit mesh-less method for compressible flow calculations显示文摘 | Hashemi M Y Jahangirian A | 2011 | Inter-national Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids2011，67，6： | 1 |
| 14 | CD4 +Foxp3 + Treg and its ICOS+ subsets in patients with myocar-dial infarction显示文摘 | GHOURBANI G S ANDALIP A HASHEMI M | 2012 | Iran J Immunol2012，9，1： | 1 |
| 15 | An adaptive UPFC based stabilizer for damping of low frequency oscillation显示文摘 | BANAEI M HASHEMI A | 2010 | Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology2010，5，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Adhesion performance of an epoxy clear coat on aluminum alloy in the presence of vinyl and amino-silane primers显示文摘 | Mohseni M Mirabedini M Hashemi M Thompson G E | 2006 | Progress in Organic Coatings2006，57，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Differentia- tion of human embryonic stem cells into hepatocytes in 2D and 3D cul- ture systems in vitro 显示文摘 | Baharvand H Hashemi S M Kazemi Ashtiani S | 2006 | Int J Dev Biol2006，50，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Pharmacological profiles of opioid ligands at kappa opioid receptors显示文摘 | Gharagozlou P Hashemi E DeLorey T M | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 19 | Adaptive noise variance estimation in BayesShrink显示文摘 | Hashemi M Beheshti S | 2010 | IEEE Signal Processing Letters2010，17，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Uric acid: a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis显示文摘 | Hashemi M Yavari M Amiri N | 2007 | Cardiovasc J S Afr2007，18，1： | 1 |
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