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| 1 | Highly efficient GaAs solar cells by limiting light emission angle显示文摘In a conventional flat plate solar cell under direct sunlight,light is received from the solar disk,but is re-emitted isotropically.This isotropic emission corresponds to a significant entropy increase in the solar cell,with a corresponding drop in efficiency.Here,using a detailed balance model,we show that limiting the emission angle of a high-quality GaAs solar cell is a feasible route to achieving power conversion efficiencies above 38%with a single junction.The highest efficiencies are predicted for a thin,light trapping cell with an ideal back reflector,though the scheme is robust to a non-ideal back reflector.Comparison with a conventional planar cell geometry illustrates that limiting emission angle in a light trapping geometry not only allows for much thinner cells,but also for significantly higher overall efficiencies with an excellent rear reflector.Finally,we present ray-tracing and detailed balance analysis of two angular coupler designs,show that significant efficiency improvements are possible with these couplers,and demonstrate initial fabrication of one coupler design. | Emily D Kosten Jackson H Atwater James Parsons Albert Polman Harry A Atwater | 2013 | Light(Science & Applications)2013，2，1： | 9 |
| 2 | Ponseti method compared with soft-tissue release for the management of clubfoot:A meta-analysis study显示文摘AIM: To compare the functional outcomes of patients who underwent open surgery vs Ponseti method for the management of idiopathic clubfoot and to determine whether correlations exist between functional outcome and radiographic measurements.METHODS: A meta-analysis of the literature was conducted for studies concerning primary treatment of patients with idiopathic clubfoot. We searched PubM ed Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases from January 1950 to October 2011. Meta-analyses were performed on outcomes from 12 studies. Pooled means, SDs, and sample sizes were either identified in the results or calculated based on the results of each study.RESULTS: Overall, 835 treated idiopathic clubfeet in 516 patients were reviewed. The average follow-up was 15.7 years. Patients managed with Ponseti method did have a higher rate of excellent or good outcome than patients treated with open surgery(0.76 and 0.62, respectively), but not quite to the point of statistical significance(Q = 3.73, P = 0.053). Age at surgery wasnot correlated with the functional outcome for the surgically treated patients(r =-0.32, P = 0.68). A larger anteroposterior talocalcaneal angle was correlated with a higher rate of excellent or good outcomes(r = 0.80, P = 0.006). There were no other significant correlations between the functional and radiographic outcomes.CONCLUSION: The Ponseti method should be considered the initial treatment of idiopathic clubfeet, and open surgery should be reserved for clubfeet that cannot be completely corrected. | Marios G Lykissas Alvin H Crawford Emily A Eismann Junichi Tamai | 2013 | World Journal of Orthopedics2013，4，3： | 3 |
| 3 | National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany显示文摘Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.g.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.g.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.g.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.g.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.g.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the landscape level,when stands of complementary forest types are combined.These results imply that multi-purpose forestry should be based on a variety of forest types requiring coordinated planning across larger spatial scales. | Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 4 | Does 5 -bromo-2' -deoxyuridine ( BrdU) disrupt cell proliferation and neuronal maturation in the adult rat hippocampus in vivo? 显示文摘 | Aneeka H Carolina P Emily K | 2009 | Brain Res Rev2009，199，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Eight-carbon volatilesin mushrooms and fungi: properties, analysis, and biosynthesis显示文摘 | EMILIE C JANEY H DANIEL C | 2006 | Mycoscience2006，47，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Zinc deficieneyinduces oxidative DNA damage and increases P53 expression in human lung fibro- blasts显示文摘 | Emily H Chantal C Bruce N A | 2003 | J Nutt2003，133，： | 1 |
| 7 | The N-formyl peptide receptors and the anaphylatoxin C5a receptors: An overview 显示文摘 | Marie-Josephe R Emilie H Francois B | 2007 | J Biochim2007，89，9： | 1 |
| 8 | A pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘 | Stephen H Caldwell Elizabeth E Hespenheide Jan A Redick Julia C Iezzoni Emily H Battle Bonnie L Sheppard | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Combustion synthesis of metallic foams from nanocomposite reactants 显示文摘 | Emily M H Michelle L P Jouet R J | 2006 | Intermetallics2006，14，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Regional ecological risk assess- ment of a near shore marine environment : Cherry Point, WA 显示文摘 | EMILY H H LANDIS W G | 2004 | Human and Ecological Risk Assessment2004，10，： | 1 |
| 11 | Anevaliation of distinct volu metrcand functional MIU contrbution stoward understanding age and task performance; A study in the basal ganglia显示文摘 | Scott A L Emily M B Najat M H et sl | 2007 | Brain research2007，11，35： | 1 |
| 12 | 3 ' UTR Seed Matches,But Not Overall Identity,are Associated with RNAi Off-Targets显示文摘 | AMANDA BIRMING H AM EMILY M ANDERSON ANGELA REYNOLDS | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 13 | Regional Variation in Earnings Inequality in Reform-Era Urban China显示文摘 | Yu X Emily H | 1996 | American Journal of Sociology1996，101，： | 1 |
| 14 | A Bayesian networks approach for predicting protein-protein interactions from genomic data显示文摘 | JANSEN R Yu H GREENBAUM D KLUGER Y KROGAN N J CHUNG S EMILI A SNYDER M GREENBLATT J F GERSTEIN M | 2003 | Science2003，302，5644： | 1 |
| 15 | Zinc deficiency,DNA damage and cancer risk 显示文摘 | EMILY H | 2004 | Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry2004，15，： | 1 |
| 16 | Current management of tibial shaft fractures: A survey of 450 Canadian orthopedic trauma surgeons显示文摘 | Jason W Busse Emily Morton Christina Lacchetti Gordon H Guyatt Mohit Bhandari | 2008 | Acta Orthopaedica2008，，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Analysis of bacterial diversity in river biofilms using16S rDNA PCR - DGGE methodological settings and fingerprints interpretation 显示文摘 | Emilie L Bénédite L LoYc T H | 2005 | Water Research2005，39，： | 1 |
| 18 | Determination of the Primary Tar- get of a Quinolone Drug and the Effect of Quinolone Resis- tance-Conferring Mutations by Measuring Quinolone Sensitivity Based on Its Mode of Action 显示文摘 | Emily S Pfeiffer Hiroshi H | 2007 | Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy2007，51，9： | 1 |
| 19 | The effect of estrogen replacement therapy on cognitive function in women: a critical review of the literature显示文摘 | Sally H Emily D R alph H | 1997 | J Clin Epidemiol1997，50，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Social comparison processes in an organizational context:New directions显示文摘 | Emily H | 2007 | Organizational Behaviorand Human Decision Processes2007，102，： | 1 |
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