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| 1 | Identification and Quantification of Aerosol Polar Oxygenated Compounds Bearing Carboxylic or Hydroxyl Groups.1.Method Development显示文摘In this study,a new analytical technique was developed for the identification and quantification of multifunctional compounds containing simultaneously at least one hydroxyl or one carboxylic group,or both.This technique is based on derivatizing first the carboxylic group(s) of the multifunctional compound using an alcohol (e.g.,methanol,1-butanol) in the presence of a relatively strong Lewisacid (BF3) as a catalyst.This esterification reaction quickly and quantitatively converts carboxylic acids to their ester forms.The second step is based on silylation of the ester compounds using bis(trimethylsilyl) trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) as the derivatizing agent.For compounds bearing ketone groups in addition to carboxylic and hydroxyl groups,a third step was used based on PFBHA derivatizationof the carbonyls.Different parameters including temperature,reaction time,and effect due to artifacts were optimized.A GC/MS in EI and in methane-CI mode was used for the analysis of these compounds.The new approach was tested on a number of multifunctional compounds.The interpretation of their EI (70 eV) and CI mass spectra shows that critical information is gained leading to unambiguous identification of unknown compounds.For example,when derivatized only with BF3-methanol,their mass spectra comprise primary ions at m/z M ·+ +1,M ·+ +29,and M ·+ - 31 for compounds bearing only carboxylic groups and M ·+ +1,M ·+ +29,M ·+ -31,and M ·+ -17 for those bearing hydroxyl andcarboxylic groups.However,when a second derivatization (BSTFA) was used,compounds bearing hydroxyl and carboxylic groups simultaneously show,in addition to the ions observed before,ions at m/z M ·+ +73,M ·+ -15,M ·+ -59,M ·+ -75,M ·+ -89,and 73.To the best of our knowledge,this technique describes systematically for the first time a method for identifying multifunctional oxygenated compounds containing simultaneously one or more hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. | Jaoui M. Kleindienst T.E. Lewandowski M. Edney E.O. | 2004 | 天然产物研究与开发2004，16，5： | 5 |
| 2 | Open-economy inflation targeting显示文摘 | Lars E.O. Svensson | 2000 | Journal of International Economics2000，，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Electrolytic plasma technology: Science and engineering—An overview显示文摘 | P. Gupta G. Tenhundfeld E.O. Daigle D. Ryabkov | 2006 | Surface & Coatings Technology2006，，21： | 2 |
| 4 | Titanium alloys and their machinability—a review显示文摘 | E.O. Ezugwu Z.M. Wang | 1997 | Journal of Materials Processing Tech1997，，3： | 2 |
| 5 | 宗教在道德教育中的作用显示文摘长期以来,大多数宗教总是很自然地把道德与宗教信仰和实践联系在一起。例如,在古希腊,道德教育基本上是通过传奇式的宗教文学来进行的,象关于上帝的传说以及希腊英雄的故事等。正是由于这个原因,柏拉图十分审慎地对待道德教育中所采用的诗歌和典故。柏拉图批评当时的大多数诗歌,认为他们不适合于用来教育青少年,因为这些诗歌错误地把上帝描绘成具有迷惑力的、骗人的、好战的和假的东西。相反,柏拉图认为真正的上帝是完美无缺的,是不可更换的,也不可能欺骗人。 | E.O.伊赫马 李秀芬 | 1988 | 道德与文明1988，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Electrolytic plasma technology: Science and engineering—An overview显示文摘 | P. Gupta G. Tenhundfeld E.O. Daigle D. Ryabkov | 2006 | Surface & Coatings Technology2006，，21： | 1 |
| 7 | The Relationship between the Microstructure and Abrasive Resistance of a Hardfacing Alloy in the Fe-Cr-C-Nb-V System显示文摘 | E.O. Correa N.G. Alcantara D.G. Tecco R.V. Kumar | 2007 | Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A2007，，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Utility of Volume Adjusted Prostate Specific Antigen Density in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer in Arab Men显示文摘 | M. Sheikh O. Al-Saeed E.O. Kehinde T. Sinan J. T. Anim Y. Ali | 2005 | International Urology and Nephrology2005，，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Self-sensing for electromagnetic actuators. Part II: Position estimation显示文摘 | E.O. Ranft G. van Schoor C.P. du Rand | 2011 | Sensors & Actuators: A Physical2011，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Surface abuse when machining cast iron (G-17) and nickel-base superalloy (Inconel 718) with ceramic tools显示文摘 | E.O. Ezugwu S.H. Tang | 1995 | Journal of Materials Processing Tech1995，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Self-sensing for electromagnetic actuators. Part I: A coupled reluctance network model approach显示文摘 | E.O. Ranft G. van Schoor C.P. du Rand | 2011 | Sensors & Actuators: A Physical2011，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Is salinity tolerance related to Na accumulation in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seedlings?显示文摘 | E.O. Leidi J.F. Saiz | 1997 | Plant and Soil1997，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The Relationship between the Microstructure and Abrasive Resistance of a Hardfacing Alloy in the Fe-Cr-C-Nb-V System显示文摘 | E.O. Correa N.G. Alcantara D.G. Tecco R.V. Kumar | 2007 | Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A2007，，8： | 1 |
| 14 | Inflation targeting as a monetary policy rule显示文摘 | Lars E.O. Svensson | 1999 | Journal of Monetary Economics1999，，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Microstructure and mechanical properties of WC Ni–Si based cemented carbides developed by powder metallurgy显示文摘 | E.O. Correa J.N. Santos A.N. Klein | 2010 | International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials2010，，5： | 1 |
| 16 | β-Adrenergic signaling regulates NR4A nuclear receptor and metabolic gene expression in multiple tissues显示文摘 | Stephen A. Myers Natalie Eriksson Rachel Burow Shu-Ching Mary Wang George E.O. Muscat | 2009 | Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology2009，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | The ma-chinability of nickel-based alloys:a review显示文摘 | E.O. Ezugwu Z.M. Wang A.R. Machado | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Curcumin attenuates gentamicin-induced renal oxidative damage in rats显示文摘 | E.O. Farombi M. Ekor | 2006 | Food and Chemical Toxicology2006，，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Spatio-temporal patterns generated by Salmonella typhimurium显示文摘 | D.E. Woodward R. Tyson M.R. Myerscough J.D. Murray E.O. Budrene H.C. Berg | 1995 | Biophysical Journal1995，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Inflation forecast targeting: Implementing and monitoring inflation targets显示文摘 | Lars E.O. Svensson | 1997 | European Economic Review1997，，6： | 1 |
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