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| 1 | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: What the clinician needs to know显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most frequent cause of liver disease in the Western world. Furthermore, it is increasing worldwide, paralleling the obesity pandemic. Though highly frequent, only about one fifth of affected subjects are at risk of developing the progressive form of the disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis. Even in the latter, liver disease is slowly progressive, though, since it is so prevalent, it is already the third cause of liver transplantation in the United States, and it is predicted to get to the top of the ranking in few years. Of relevance, fatty liver is also associated with increased overall mortality and particularly increased cardiovascular mortality. The literature and amount of published papers on NAFLD is increasing as fast as its prevalence, which makes it difficult to keep updated in this topic. This review aims to summarize the latest knowledge on NAFLD, in order to help clinicians understanding its pathogenesis and advances on diagnosis and treatment. | Mariana Verdelho Machado Helena Cortez-Pinto | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，36： | 45 |
| 2 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——对乙酰氨基酚治疗脊椎疼痛和骨关节炎的疗效和安全性:对随机安慰剂对照试验的系统综述和荟萃分析显示文摘目的探讨对乙酰氨基酚(扑热息痛)治疗脊椎疼痛和骨关节炎(髋关节、膝关节)的有效性和安全性。设计系统综述和荟萃分析。数据来源Medline、荷兰医学文摘数据库(EMBase)、AMED、CINAHL、Web of Science、LILACS、国际药学文摘、Cochrane对照试验中心注册库,时间自建库至2014年12月。研究的纳入标准研究须为随机对照试验,比较扑热息痛和安慰剂治疗脊椎疼痛(颈痛或下腰痛)和骨关节炎(髋关节、膝关节)的疗效和安全性。数据的提取由2名独立的研究人员分别提取关于疼痛、失能和生活质量的数据。次要结果指标包括:不良反应、患者依从性和急救药物的使用。疼痛和失能评分转换为0(没有疼痛或失能)到100(疼痛加重和失能)的数值。采用随机效应模型计算加权均数差(WMD)或风险比(HR)以及95%可信区间(95%CI)。应用Cochrane协作工具对偏倚风险进行评估,采用GRADE方法对证据的质量进行评估,并对结论进行总结。结果共纳入12篇报道(13项随机试验)。对于下腰痛患者,扑热息痛在短期内减少疼痛强度〔WMD=-0.5,95%CI(-2.9,1.9)〕、失能〔WMD=0.4,95%CI(-1.7,2.5)〕或提高生活质量〔WMD=0.4,95%CI(-0.9,1.7)〕等方面均是无效的。对于髋关节炎或膝关节炎患者,扑热息痛在短期内减轻疼痛〔WMD=-3.7,95%CI(-5.5,1.9)〕、失能〔WMD=-2.9,95%CI(-4.9,0.9)﹞方面有显著作用,尽管在临床意义上不重要。报告任何不良反应〔HR=1.0,95%CI(0.9,1.1)〕、任何严重不良反应〔HR=1.2,95%CI(0.7,2.1)〕或因为不良事件退出研究〔HR=1.2,95%CI(0.9,1.5)〕的患者数量,在扑热息痛组和安慰剂组中类似。坚持治疗的患者数量〔HR=1.0,95%CI(0.9,1.1)〕和使用急救药物〔HR=0.7,95%CI(0.4,1.3)〕的患者数量,在两组之间也是相似的。扑热息痛组患者发生肝功能异常的概率是安慰剂组患者的4倍〔HR=3.8,95%CI(1.9,7.4)〕,但这种效应的临床意义是不确定的。结论扑热息痛在治疗腰痛方面是无效的,但可以对骨关节炎患者提供最小的短期利益。现有的临床实践指南推荐对下腰痛患者、髋关节或膝关节骨关节炎患者使用扑热息痛治疗,以上研究结果支持对这些推荐进行重新审议。 | Machado GC Maher CG Ferreira PH 本刊编辑部 | 2015 | 中国全科医学2015，18，15： | 17 |
| 3 | Long noncoding RNAs:a missing link in osteoporosis显示文摘Osteoporosis is a systemic disease that results in loss of bone density and increased fracture risk,particularly in the vertebrae and the hip.This condition and associated morbidity and mortality increase with population ageing.Long noncoding(lnc)RNAs are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that are not translated into proteins,but play important regulatory roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation.Their contribution to disease onset and development is increasingly recognized.Herein,we present an integrative revision on the studies that implicate lncRNAs in osteoporosis and that support their potential use as therapeutic tools.Firstly,current evidence on lncRNAs involvement in cellular and molecular mechanisms linked to osteoporosis and its major complication,fragility fractures,is reviewed.We analyze evidence of their roles in osteogenesis,osteoclastogenesis,and bone fracture healing events from human and animal model studies.Secondly,the potential of lncRNAs alterations at genetic and transcriptomic level are discussed as osteoporosis risk factors and as new circulating biomarkers for diagnosis.Finally,we conclude debating the possibilities,persisting difficulties,and future prospects of using lncRNAs in the treatment of osteoporosis. | Andreia Machado Silva Sara Reis Moura JoseHenrique Teixeira Mario Adolfo Barbosa Susana Gomes Santos Maria Ines Almeida | 2019 | Bone Research2019，7，1： | 13 |
| 4 | 烟酰胺磷酸核糖基转移酶促进肺血管重塑,是肺动脉高压的治疗靶点显示文摘肺动脉高压(pulmonary arterial hypertension,PAH)是一种严重的进行性疾病,其标志之一是肺血管重塑。烟酰胺磷酸核糖基转移酶(nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase,NAMPT)是调节细胞内烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸水平、细胞氧化还原状态,调节组蛋白脱乙酰酶,促进细胞增殖和抑制凋亡的一种细胞酶。研究人员假设NAMPT可促进肺血管重塑, | Chen J Sysol JR Singla S Zhao S Yamamura A Valdez-Jasso D Abbasi T Shioura KM Sahni S Reddy V Sridhar A Gao H Torres J Camp SM Tang H Ye SQ Comhair S Dweik R Hassoun P Yuan JX Garcia JG Machado RF 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，2： | 10 |
| 5 | Update on hepatitis B and C virus diagnosis显示文摘Viral hepatitis B and C virus(HBV and HCV) are responsible for the most of chronic liver disease worldwide and are transmitted by parenteral route, sexual and vertical transmission. One important measure to reduce the burden of these infections is the diagnosis of acute and chronic cases of HBV and HCV. In order to provide an effective diagnosis and monitoring of antiviral treatment, it is important to choose sensitive, rapid, inexpensive, and robust analytical methods. Primary diagnosis of HBV and HCV infection is made by using serological tests for detecting antigens and antibodies against these viruses. In order to confirm primary diagnosis, to quantify viral load, to determine genotypes and resistance mutants for antiviral treatment, qualitative and quantitative molecular tests are used. In this manuscript, we review the current serological and molecular methods for the diagnosis of hepatitis B and C. | Livia Melo Villar Helena Medina Cruz Jakeline Ribeiro Barbosa Cristianne Sousa Bezerra Moyra Machado Portilho Letícia de Paula Scalioni | 2015 | World Journal of Virology2015，4，4： | 9 |
| 6 | NKX3-1是诊断EWSR1-NFATC2肉瘤和间叶性软骨肉瘤有用的免疫组化标志物显示文摘目前,NKX3-1被普遍认为是前列腺腺癌的高度敏感和特异性标志物。NKX3-1转录组数据提示其mRNA在EWSR1-NFATC2肉瘤中表达上调,为此作者探讨NKX3-1免疫组化在肉瘤诊断中的应用。作者采用免疫组化检测11例EWSR1-NFATC2肉瘤和168例组织学形态相似肿瘤的全组织切片中NKX3-1的表达。11例EWSR1-NFATC2肉瘤均由小圆形或卵圆形细胞构成,除1例外其余至少局部表现为纤维化或黏液样背景下呈典型的巢状、条索状或小梁状生长模式。 | Yoshida K Machado I Motoi T 王婷(摘译) 余英豪(审校) | 2020 | 临床与实验病理学杂志2020，36，11： | 9 |
| 7 | Non-pharmacological cognitive intervention for aging and dementia:Current perspectives显示文摘In recent years, cognitive difficulties associated with normal aging and dementia have been receiving increased attention from both public and scientific communities. With an increase in overall lifespan, promoting healthy cognition has become a priority and a necessity for minimizing and preventing individual and societal burdens associated with cognitive dysfunctions in the elderly. The general awareness concerning the efficacy of preventive(e.g., lifestyles) and palliative treatment strategies of cognitive impairments, related to either healthy or unhealthy trajectories in cognitive aging, is continuously rising. There are several therapeutic strategies which can be broadly classified as either pharmacological or non-pharmacological/psychosocial. In face of the modest evidence for success of pharmacological treatments, especially for dementia related impairments, psychosocial interventions are progressively considered as a complementary treatment. Despite the relative spread of psychosocial interventions in clinical settings, research in this area is rather scarce with evidence for success of these therapies remaining controversial. In this work we provide an evidence based perspective on cognitive intervention(s) for healthy aging, pre-dementia(mild cognitive impairment), and dementia populations. Current evidence and future directions for improving cognitive functions in the elderly are discussed as well. | Jorge Alves Rosana Magalh?es álvaro Machado óscar F Gon?alves Adriana Sampaio Agavni Petrosyan | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2013，1，8： | 8 |
| 8 | 螺内酯与可乐定作为难治性高血压第4种治疗药物的比较:难治性高血压的最佳治疗随机研究显示文摘该研究旨在通过一个多中心随机试验对作为难治性高血压患者的第4种治疗药物的螺内酯与可乐定进行比较。采用药丸计数评估药物治疗依从性。难治性高血压患者(定义为包括1种利尿剂在内的3种药物治疗12周,诊室及动态血压监测血压仍未控制)随机给予螺内酯(12.5~50 mg/d)或可乐定(0.1~0.3mg,2次/d)继续治疗12周。 | Krieger EM Drager LF Giorgi DMA Pereira AC Barreto-Filho JAS Nogueira AR Mill JG Lotufo PA Amodeo C Batista MC Bodanese LC Carvalho ACC Castro I Chaves H Costa EAS Feitosa GS Franco RJS Fuchs FD Guimarāes AC Jardim PC Machado CA Magalhāes ME Mion D Jr Nascimento RM Nobre F Nóbrega AC Ribeiro ALP Rodrigues-Sobrinho CR Sanjuliani AF Teixeira MDCB Krieger JE ReHOT Investigators 赵狄 练桂丽 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 7 |
| 9 | Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus:A case report显示文摘The authors present the clinical case of an 87-year-old Caucasian male admitted to the emergency room with hematemesis. He had a history of intermittent dys-phagia during the previous month. Endoscopic evaluation revealed an eccentric,soft esophageal lesionlocated 25-35 cm from the incisors,which appeared asa protrusion of the esophagus wall,with active bleeding. Biopsies were acquired. Tissue evaluation wascompatible with a melanoma. After excluding other sites of primary neoplasm,the definitive diagnosis of Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus(PMME) was made. The patient developed a hospital-acquired respiratory infection and died before tumor-directed treatment could begin. Primary malignant melanoma represents only 0.1% to 0.2% of all esophageal ma-lignant tumors. Risk factors for PMME are not defined.A higher incidence of PMME has been described in Japan. Dysphagia,predominantly for solids,is the most frequent symptom at presentation. Retrosternal orepigastric discom fort or pain,melena or hemate mesishave also been described. The characteristic endoscopic finding of PMME is as a polypoid lesion,with variablesize,usually pigmented. The neoplasm occurs in thelower two-thirds of the esophagus in 86% of cases.PMME metastasizes via hematogenic and lymphatic pathways. At diagnosis,50% of the patients present with distant metastases to the liver,the mediastinum,the lungs and the brain. When possible,surgery(curative or palliative) ,is the preferential method of treatment. There are some reports in the literature where chemotherapy,chemohormon otherapy,radiotherapy and immunotherapy,with or without surgery,wereused with variable efficacy. The prognosis is poor;themean survival after surgery is less than 15 mo. | Joana Machado Paula Ministro Ricardo Araújo Eugénia Cancela António Castanheira Américo Silva | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 6 |
| 10 | Molecular Pathogenesis of Gastric Cancer显示文摘 | Ceu Figueiredo Maria A. Garcia‐Gonzalez Jose C. Machado | 2013 | Helicobacter2013，，： | 5 |
| 11 | A novel color image encryption algorithm based on a fractional-order discrete chaotic neural network and DNA sequence operations显示文摘A novel color image encryption algorithm based on dynamic deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)encoding and chaos is presented.A three-neuron fractional-order discrete Hopfield neural network(FODHNN)is employed as a pseudo-random chaotic sequence generator.Its initial value is obtained with the secret key generated by a fiveparameter external key and a hash code of the plain image.The external key includes both the FODHNN discrete step size and order.The hash is computed with the SHA-2 function.This ensures a large secret key space and improves the algorithm sensitivity to the plain image.Furthermore,a new three-dimensional projection confusion method is proposed to scramble the pixels among red,green,and blue color components.DNA encoding and diffusion are used to diffuse the image information.Pseudo-random sequences generated by FODHNN are employed to determine the encoding rules for each pixel and to ensure the diversity of the encoding methods.Finally,confusion II and XOR are used to ensure the security of the encryption.Experimental results and the security analysis show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than those reported in the literature and can resist typical attacks. | Li-ping CHEN Hao YIN Li-guo YUAN António M.LOPES J.A.Tenreiro MACHADO Ran-chao WU | 2020 | Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering2020，21，6： | 5 |
| 12 | Landslide susceptibility mapping using the infinite slope,SHALSTAB,SINMAP,and TRIGRS models in Serra do Mar,Brazil显示文摘Slope failure triggered by heavy rainfall is very common in tropical and subtropical regions and a cause of major social and economic damage.Landslide susceptibility maps can be generated using geographical information systems(GIS)and limit equilibrium slope stability models coupled or not to hydrological equations.This study investigated the efficacy of four models used for slope stability analysis in predicting landslide-susceptible areas in a GIS environment.The selected models are the infinite slope,the shallow slope stability model(SHALSTAB),the stability index mapping(SINMAP),and the transient rainfall infiltration and grid-based regional slope-stability(TRIGRS).For comparisons,the authors(a)included the infinite slope equation in all models,(b)clearly defined input parameters and failure triggering mechanisms for each simulation(soil depth,water table height,rainfall intensity),(c)determined appropriate values for each model to obtain stability levels that represented similar hydrogeotechnical conditions,and(d)considered upper-third areas of landslide scars to estimate the reliability of susceptibility maps using validation indices.An intense rainfall event occurred in Serra do Mar,Brazil in January 2014 triggered hundreds of landslides and was used for back analysis and evaluation of the slope stability analysis models.When rainfall intensity is not considered,the four models produced very similar results.The most reliable landslide susceptibility map was generated using TRIGRS and considering the granite residual granite soils geological-geotechnical unit,subjected to a rainfall intensity of 210 mm for 2 h under unsaturated conditions. | Thiago Machado do PINHO Oswaldo AUGUSTO FILHO | 2022 | Journal of Mountain Science2022，19，4： | 5 |
| 13 | Improvement of carbon fiber surface properties using electron beam irradiation显示文摘Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- posite is the interfacial interaction between its components,which are carbon fiber and polymeric matrix.The aim of this study is to improve the surface properties of the carbon fiber using ionizing radiation from an electron beam to obtain better adhesion properties in the resultant composite.EB radiation was applied on the carbon fiber itself before preparing test specimens for the mechanical tests.Experimental results showed that EB irradiation improved the ten- sile strength of carbon fiber samples.The maximum value in tensile strength was reached using doses of about 250 kGy.After breakage,the morphology aspect of the tensile specimens prepared with irradiated and non-irradiated car- bon fibers were evaluated.SEM micrographs showed modifications on the carbon fiber surface. | Eddy Segura PINO Luci Diva Brocardo MACHADO Claudia GIOVEDI | 2007 | Nuclear Science and Techniques2007，18，1： | 5 |
| 14 | Atrophic gastritis: Risk factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in a Latin-American population显示文摘AIM: To study the association between atrophic gastritis (AG) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a Latin-America population. METHODS: A case-control study was performed at two reference Brazilian hospitals including patients diagnosed with advanced ESCC and dyspeptic patients who had been subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, with biopsies of the gastric antrum and body.All cases with ESCC were reviewed by a single pathologist, who applied standard criteria for the diagnosis of mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia, all classified as AG. The data on the patients' age, sex, smoking status, and alcohol consumption were collected from clinical records, and any missing information was completed by telephone interview. The association between AG and ESCC was assessed by means of univariate and multiple conditional logistic regressions. RESULTS: Most patients were male, and the median age was 59 years (range: 37-79 years) in both the ESCC and control groups. Univariate analysis showed that an intake of ethanol greater than 32 g/d was an independent risk factor that increased the odds of ESCC 7.57 times (P = 0.014); upon multiple analysis, alcohol intake of ethanol greater than 32 g/d exhibited a risk of 4.54 (P = 0.081), as adjusted for AG and smoking. Smoking was shown to be an independent risk factor that increased the odds of ESCC 14.55 times (P = 0.011) for individuals who smoked 0 to 51 packs/year and 21.40 times (P = 0.006) for those who smoked more than 51 packs/year. Upon multiple analyses, those who smoked up to 51 packs/year exhibited a risk of 7.85 (P = 0.058), and those who smoked more than 51 packs/ year had a risk 11.57 times higher (P = 0.04), as adjusted for AG and alcohol consumption. AG proved to be a risk factor that increased the odds of ESCC 5.33 times (95%CI: 1.55-18.30, P = 0.008) according to the results of univariate conditional logistic regression. CONCLUSION: There was an association by univariate conditional logistic regression between AG and ECSS in this sample of Latin-American population. | Emiliano de Carvalho Almodova Walmar Kerche de Oliveira Lucas Faria Abraho Machado Juliana Rigotto Grejo Thiago Rabelo da Cunha Wagner Colaiacovo Erika Veruska Paiva Ortolan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，13： | 5 |
| 15 | Brazilian biosafety law and the new breeding technologies显示文摘Globally,the area of land cultivated with genetically modified(GM)crops has increased a thousand-fold over the last two decades.Although this technology has become important for food production,the regulatory frameworks that underpin these outcomes are based on a list of requirements for a risk assessment that differ from country to country.In recent years,policymakers have had the opportunity to learn from the controversies over transgenics to create effective regulatory milestones for emerging technologies,allowing them to reach their potential for a more sustainable agriculture,ensuring food security.In Brazil,Law No.11.105 of 24 March 2005 established a framework with four main organizations responsible for risk assessment and management.However,most of new breeding technologies did not exist at that time and were not considered in this law.In2016,Normative Resolution No.16 of the National Biosafety Technical Commission(CTNBio)was established to address this gap based on the evaluation of the products obtained through these techniques(termed Innovative Precision Improvement Techniques in the resolution),in a case-by-case consultation system.Briefly,if the product is designated to be a GM,the developer will have to go through the biosafety requirements and will be approved only after CTNBio risk assessment.If the product is designated not to be GM(for the purposes of the legislation),then it can be registered using the existing procedures.Currently,152 GM products are commercially approved in Brazil.In 2018,CTNBio assessed the first consultation on commercial release of plants generated using the new breeding technologies and has subsequently approved six products.It is expected that many institutions would be able to participate in Brazilian and world markets,developing and introducing new biotechnological solutions and products through a more sustainable approach and without facing public disapproval,a common issue for GM crops. | Alexandre Lima NEPOMUCENO Renata FUGANTI-PAGLIARINI Maria Sueli Soares FELIPE Hugo Bruno Correa MOLINARI Edivaldo Domingues VELINI Eduardo Romano de Campos PINTO Maria Lucia Zaidan DAGLI Galdino ANDRADE FILHO Patricia Machado Bueno FERNANDES | 2020 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2020，7，2： | 5 |
| 16 | Transcranial direct current stimulation for auditory verbal hallucinations:a systematic review of clinical trials显示文摘Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been reportedly beneficial for different neurodegenerative disorders.tDCS has been reported as a potential adjunctive or alternative treatment for auditory verbal hallucination(AVH).This study aims to review the effects of tDCS on AVH in patients with schizophrenia through combining the evidence from randomized clinical trials(RCTs).The databases of PsycINFO(2000–2019),PubMed(2000–2019),EMBASE(2000–2019),CINAHL(2000–2019),Web of Science(2000–2019),and Scopus(2000–2019)were systematically searched.The clinical trials with RCT design were selected for final analysis.A total of nine RCTs were eligible and included in the review.Nine RCTs were included in the final analysis.Among them,six RCTs reported a significant reduction of AVH after repeated sessions of tDCS,whereas three RCTs did not show any advantage of active tDCS over sham tDCS.The current studies showed an overall decrease of approximately 28%of AVH after active tDCS and 10%after sham tDCS.The tDCS protocols targeting the sensorimotor frontal-parietal network showed greater treatment effects compared with the protocols targeting other regions.In this regard,cathodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area showed inhibitory effects on AVHs.The most effective tDCS protocol on AVHs was twice-daily sessions(2 mA,20-minute duration)over 5 consecutive days(10 sessions)with the anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the left temporal area.Some patient-specific and diseasespecific factors such as young age,nonsmoking status,and higher frequencies of AVHs seemed to be the predictors of treatment response.Taken together,the results of tDCS as an alternative treatment option for AVH show controversy among current literatures,since not all studies were positive.However,the studies targeting the same site of the brain showed that the tDCS could be a promising treatment option to reduce AVH.Further RCTs,with larger sample sizes,should be conducted to reach a conclusion on the efficacy of tDCS for AVH and to develop an effective therapeutic protocol for clinical setting. | Samaneh Rashidi Myles Jones Eric Murillo-Rodriguez Sergio Machado Youguo Hao Ali Yadollahpour | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，4： | 4 |
| 17 | Effect of rare-earth oxides on properties of silicon nitride obtained by normal sintering and sinter-HIP显示文摘This paper presented the microstructure,mechanical properties and oxidation behavior of silicon nitride obtained by both conventional sintering and sintering followed by hot isostatic pressing(HIP).Silicon nitride with additives such as 5 wt.% Al2O3 and 5 wt.% Ln2O3(Ln= La,La concentrate,Gd or La+Gd) were studied.The results revealed that Gd2O3 additions increased the formation of elongated grains of β-Si3N4,the fracture toughness and oxidation resistance.La2O3 additions led to higher densification and hardness values,while addition of La2O3 concentrate promoted the formation of materials with intermediate properties,compared to the other studied compositions.Hot isostatic pressing increased the hardness but decreased the fracture toughness of the material,mainly because it allowed residual pores to close and also reduced the average aspect ratio of β-Si3N4 grains. | Cecilia C.Guedes-Silva Flávio Machado de Souza Carvalho José Carlos Bressiani | 2012 | Journal of Rare Earths2012，30，11： | 4 |
| 18 | Propofol vs midazolam sedation for elective endoscopy in patients with cirrhosis:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials显示文摘BACKGROUND Patients with cirrhosis frequently require sedation for elective endoscopic procedures.Several sedation protocols are available,but choosing an appropriate sedative in patients with cirrhosis is challenging.AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare propofol and midazolam for sedation in patients with cirrhosis during elective endoscopic procedures in an attempt to understand the best approach.METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines.Electronic searches were performed using MEDLINE,EMBASE,Central Cochrane,LILACS databases.Only randomized control trials(RCTs)were included.The outcomes studied were procedure time,recovery time,discharge time,and adverse events(bradycardia,hypotension,and hypoxemia).The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for randomized trials(RoB-2).Quality of evidence was evaluated by GRADEpro.The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager.RESULTS The search yielded 3,576 records.Out of these,8 RCTs with a total of 596 patients(302 in the propofol group and 294 in the midazolam group)were included for the final analysis.Procedure time was similar between midazolam and propofol groups(MD:0.25,95%CI:-0.64 to 1.13,P=0.59).Recovery time(MD:-8.19,95%CI:-10.59 to-5.79,P<0.00001).and discharge time were significantly less in the propofol group(MD:-12.98,95%CI:-18.46 to-7.50,P<0.00001).Adverse events were similar in both groups(RD:0.02,95%CI:0-0.04,P=0.58).Moreover,no significant difference was found for bradycardia(RD:0.03,95%CI:-0.01 to 0.07,P=0.16),hypotension(RD:0.03,95%CI:-0.01 to 0.07,P=0.17),and hypoxemia(RD:0.00,95%CI:-0.04 to 0.04,P=0.93).Five studies had low risk of bias,two demonstrated some concerns,and one presented high risk.The quality of the evidence was very low for procedure time,recovery time,and adverse events;while low for discharge time.CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis based on RCTs show that propofol has shorter recovery and patient discharge time as compared to midazolam with a similar rate of adverse events.These results suggest that propofol should be the preferred agent for sedation in patients with cirrhosis. | John Alexander Lata Guacho Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura Igor Braga Ribeiro Alberto Machado da Ponte Neto Shailendra Singh Marina Gammaro Baldavira Tucci Wanderley Marques Bernardo Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2020，12，8： | 4 |
| 19 | Iron homeostasis and H63D mutations in alcoholics with and without liver disease显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of HFE gene mutation and indices of disturbed iron homeostasis in alcoholics with and without liver disease.METHODS: One hundred and fifty-three heavy drinkers (defined as alcohol consumption > 80 g/d for at least 5 years) were included in the study. These comprised 78 patients with liver disease [liver disease alcoholics (LDA)] in whom the presence of liver disease was confirmed by liver biopsy or clinical evidence of hepatic decompensation, and 75 subjects with no evidence of liver disease, determined by normal liver tests on two occasions [non-liver disease alcoholics (NLDA)], were consecutively enrolled. Serum markers of iron status and HFE C282Y and H63D mutations were determined. HFE genotyping was compared with data obtained in healthy blood donors from the same geographical area.RESULTS: Gender ratio was similar in both study groups. LDA patients were older than NLDA patients (52 ± 10 years vs 48 ± 11 years, P = 0.03). One third and one fi fth of the study population had serum transferrin saturation (TS) greater than 45% and 60% respectively. Serum iron levels were similar in both groups. However, LDA patients had higher TS (51 ± 27 vs 36 ± 13, P < 0.001) and ferritin levels (559 ± 607 ng/mL vs 159 ± 122 ng/mL, P < 0.001), and lower total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (241 ± 88 μg/dL vs 279 ± 40 μg/dL, P = 0.001). The odds ratio for having liver disease with TS greater than 45% was 2.20 (95% confi dence interval (CI): 1.37-3.54). There was no difference in C282Y allelic frequency between the two groups. However, H63D was more frequent in LDA patients (0.25 vs 0.16, P = 0.03). LDA patients had a greater probability of carrying at least one HFE mutation than NLDA patients (49.5% vs 31.6%, P = 0.02). The odds ratio for LDA in patients with H63D mutation was 1.57 (95% CI: 1.02-2.40).CONCLUSION: The present study confirms the presence of iron overload in alcoholics, which was more severe in the subset of subjects with liver disease, in parallel with an increased frequency of H63D HFE mutation. | Mariana Verdelho Machado Paula Ravasco Alexandra Martins Maria Rosário Almeida Maria Ermelinda Camilo Helena Cortez-Pinto | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，1： | 3 |
| 20 | The increased severity of acute pancreatitis in the elderly is mainly related to intestinal barrier dysfunction显示文摘To the Editor:Severe acute pancreatitis in the elderly is characterized by significant morbidity and mortality rates,with a higher financial impact when compared to the same disease in younger patients[1].There are some obvious differences between these two populations.The most glaring one is the presence of multiple comorbidities in elderly patients. | Marcel Cerqueira Cesar Machado Heraldo Possolo Souza | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，6： | 3 |
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