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| 1 | RELEVANCE, WORD MEANING AND COMMUNICATION: THE PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE OF LEXICAL PRAGMATICS显示文摘Lexical pragmatics is a rapidly developing branch of linguistics thatinvestigates the processes by which linguistically-specified ('literal') word meaningsare modified in use. Well-studied examples include narrowing (e.g. drink used tomean 'alcoholic drink'), approximation (e.g. square used to mean 'squarish') andmetaphorical extension (e.g. dragon used to mean 'frightening person'). In the past,narrowing, approximation and metaphorical extension have been seen as distinctpragmatic processes and studied in isolation from each other. Recently, relevancetheorists (e.g. Sperber & Wilson 1998; Carston 2002; Wilson & Sperber 2002) havebeen defending the alternative view that they are outcomes of a single pragmaticprocess which fine-tunes the interpretation of virtually every word. After brieflyoutlining some of the arguments for this unified relevance-theoretic approach, andillustrating its application to some examples from daily communication, I will suggestsome ways in which it might be tested, and explore its implications for futureresearch on pragmatics, language acquisition, language change, developmentalpsychology and neuropsychology. This paper forms part of a broader project onlexical pragmatics which has just started at University College London, with aconference to be held in England in 2005. The project would benefit greatly fromcollaboration with colleagues in China, and I will end by outlining some possibilitiesfor joint research. | DEIRDRE WILSON | 2004 | 现代外语2004，27，1： | 67 |
| 2 | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Helicobacter pylori in times of increasing antibiotic resistance显示文摘The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)causes chronic gastritis,gastric and duodenal ulcers,gastric cancer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.Treatment is recommended in all symptomatic patients.The current treatment options for H.pylori infection are outlined in this review in light of the recent challenges in eradication success,largely due to the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistant strains of H.pylori.Antibiotic resistance is a constantly evolving process and numerous studies have shown that the prevalence of H.pylori antibiotic resistance varies significantly from country to country,and even between regions within the same country.In addition,recent data has shown that previous antibiotic use is associated with harbouring antibiotic resistant H.pylori.Local surveillance of antibiotic resistance is warranted to guide clinicians in their choice of therapy.Antimicrobial resistance is assessed by H.pylori culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Recently developed molecular tests offer an attractive alternative to culture and allow for the rapid molecular genetic identification of H.pylori and resistance-associated mutations directly from biopsy samples or bacterial culture material.Accumulating evidence indicates that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance by susceptibility testing is feasible and necessary to inform clinicians in their choice of therapy for management of H.pylori infection. | Sinéad M Smith Colm O’Morain Deirdre McNamara | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，29： | 40 |
| 3 | Short and long term prognosis in perinatal asphyxia: An update显示文摘Interruption of blood flow and gas exchange to the fetus in the perinatal period, known as perinatal asphyxia, can, if significant, trigger a cascade of neuronal injury, leading on to neonatal encephalopathy(NE) and resultant long-term damage. While the majority of infants who are exposed to perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia will recover quickly and go on to have a completely normal survival, a proportion will suffer from an evolving clinical encephalopathy termed hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy(HIE) or NE if the diagnosis is unclear. Resultant complications of HIE/NE are wide-ranging and may affect the motor, sensory, cognitive and behavioural outcome of the child. The advent of therapeutic hypothermia as a neuroprotective treatment for those with moderate and severe encephalopathy has improved prognosis. Outcome prediction in these infants has changed, but is more important than ever, as hypothermia is a time sensitive intervention, with a very narrow therapeutic window. To identify those who will benefit from current and emerging neuroprotective therapies we must be able to establish the severity of their injury soon after birth. Currently available indicators such as blood biochemistry, clinical examination and electrophysiology are limited. Emerging biological and physiological markers have the potential to improve our ability to select those infants who will benefit most from intervention. Biomarkers identified from work in proteomics, metabolomics and transcriptomics as well as physiological markers such as heart rate variability, EEG analysis and radiological imaging when combined with neuroprotective measures have the potential to improve outcome in HIE/NE. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the literature in regards to short and longterm outcome following perinatal asphyxia, and to discuss the prediction of this outcome in the early hours after birth when intervention is most crucial; looking at both currently available tools and introducing novel markers. | Caroline E Ahearne Geraldine B Boylan Deirdre M Murray | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics2016，5，1： | 16 |
| 4 | Clinical impact of immunomonitoring in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Despite improvement in outcomes, loss of response(LOR) to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) therapies is a big concern in the management of inflammatory bowel disease. LOR is associated with flares of disease, increased hospitalisation rates, need for surgical interventions, and decline in quality of life. LOR may be multifactorial, but immunogenicity makes a significant contribution. Traditionally doses of anti-TNFα have been adjusted based on clinical response, using a standard approach. Immunomonitoring involves the measurement of anti-TNFα trough and antibody levels. It takes into account the underlying pharmacokinetics of anti-TNFα therapies. Expanding on this a treat to target approach may be used, where doses are intensified, or tailored to the individual based on the measurement of anti-TNFα trough and antibody levels. This review looks at the history, evolution, and clinical impact that immunomonitoring is having in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. It will focus on the role of immunomonitoring in helping to achieve long lasting deep remission and mucosal healing. It will explore the different options in terms of best measuring trough and antibody levels, explore possible advantages of immunomonitoring, and discuss its role in best optimising response, at induction, during the maintenance phase of treatment, as well as a role in withdrawing or switching therapy. | Donal Tighe Deirdre Mc Namara | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，3： | 6 |
| 5 | Molecular detection of Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples显示文摘AIM To compare(1) demographics in urea breath test(UBT) vs endoscopy patients; and(2) the molecular detection of antibiotic resistance in stool vs biopsy samples.METHODS Six hundred and sixteen adult patients undergoing endoscopy or a UBT were prospectively recruited to the study. The Geno Type Helico DR assay was used to detect Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) and antibiotic resistance using biopsy and/or stool samples from CLOpositive endoscopy patients and stool samples from UBT-positive patients. RESULTS Infection rates were significantly higher in patients referred for a UBT than endoscopy(overall rates: 33% vs 19%; treatment-na?ve patients: 33% vs 14.7%, respectively). H. pylori-infected UBT patients were younger than H. pylori-infected endoscopy patients(41.4 vs 48.4 years, respectively, P < 0.005), with a higher percentage of H. pylori-infected males in the endoscopy-compared to the UBT-cohort(52.6% vs 33.3%, P = 0.03). The Geno Type Helico DR assay was more accurate at detecting H. pylori infection using biopsy samples than stool samples [98.2%(n = 54/55) vs 80.3%(n =53/66), P < 0.005]. Subset analysis using stool and biopsy samples from CLO-positive endoscopy patients revealed a higher detection rate ofresistance-associated mutations using stool samples compared to biopsies. The concordance rates between stool and biopsy samples for the detection of H. pylori DNA, clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone resistance were just 85%, 53% and 35%, respectively. CONCLUSION Differences between endoscopy and UBT patients provide a rationale for non-invasive detection of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. However, the Geno Type Helico DR assay is an unsuitable approach. | Denise E Brennan Joseph Omorogbe Mary Hussey Donal Tighe Grainne Holleran Colm O'Morain Sinéad M Smith Deirdre McNamara | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，41： | 6 |
| 6 | 联合应用沙利度胺和脂质体阿霉素治疗复发性卵巢上皮性癌和腹膜癌的初步研究显示文摘目的:评价联合应用沙利度胺与脂质体阿霉素治疗复发性卵巢上皮性癌和腹膜癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法:将9例经手术和术后泰素+卡铂化疗后复发患者纳入本研究。每4周予以脂质体阿霉素30~50mg/m^2化疗,共3~8个疗程;同时每日予以沙利度胺100~300mg,其剂量从100mg/d开始,此后每2周增加50~100mg。通过体检、影像学检查和测定CA125水平评价治疗效果。结果:9例患者的中位年龄为56岁(35~81岁),FIGO分期为ⅢB~Ⅳ期。本次化疗的中位疗程数是6个疗程。中位随访时间为18.5个月。最常见的不良反应为疲劳(55.6%)和神经系统症状(55.6%)。3例患者出现Ⅲ度副反应,1例为无力、1例过敏性皮疹和1例末梢神经感觉异常。根据RECIST标准评价有病灶的6例患者疗效,2例部分缓解,2例治疗中疾病无进展,1例病情进展,1例失访。另有2例CA125升高的患者,在联合化疗3~4个疗程后CA125水平降低50%以上。1例二次肿瘤细胞减灭术后化疗的患者治疗后随访36个月无肿瘤复发迹象。在随访的8例患者中,中位疾病无进展时间为6.5个月(0~36个月);中位总的生存时间为20.5个月(8~36个月)。结论:联合应用沙利度胺与脂质体阿霉素治疗复发性卵巢上皮性癌具有可接受的毒副作用,同时具有一定的治疗效果。 | 郭红燕 Nelson N. Teng John K. Chan Amreen Husain Deirdre Stieglitz Jonathon S Bereck | 2008 | 现代妇产科进展2008，17，2： | 5 |
| 7 | “Dietary fibre”: moving beyond the “soluble/insoluble” classification for monogastric nutrition, with an emphasis on humans and pigs显示文摘This review describes dietary fibres originating from a range of foods,particularly in relation to their plant cell walls.It explores the categorization of dietary fibres into 'soluble' or 'insoluble'.It also emphasizes dietary fibre fermentability,in terms of describing how the gastro-intestinal tract(GIT) microbiota respond to a selection of fibres from these categories.Food is categorized into cereals,legumes,fruits and vegetables.Mention is also made of example whole foods and why differences in physico-chemical characteristics between 'purified' and 'non-purified'food components are important in terms of health.Lastly,recommendations are made as to how dietary fibre could be classified differently,in relation to its functionality in terms of fermentability,rather than only its solubility. | Barbara A.Williams Deirdre Mikkelsen Bernadine M.Flanagan Michael J.Gidley | 2019 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2019，10，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Can bacterial virulence factors predict antibiotic resistant Helicobacter pylori infection?显示文摘AIM To evaluate the association between virulence factor status and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori)-infected patients in Ireland. METHODS DNA was extracted from antral and corpus biopsies obtained from 165 H. pylori-infected patients. Genotyping for clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone-mediating mutations was performed using the Genotype Helico DR assay. cag A and vac A genotypes were investigated using PCR. RESULTS Primary, secondary and overall resistance rates for clarithromycin were 50.5%(n = 53/105), 78.3%(n = 47/60) and 60.6%(n = 100/165), respectively. Primary, secondary and overall resistance rates for fluoroquinolones were 15.2%(n = 16/105) and 28.3%(n = 17/60) and 20%(n = 33/165), respectively. Resistance to both antibiotics was 12.4%(n = 13/105) in treatment-na?ve patients, 25%(n = 15/60) in those previously treated and 17%(n = 28/165) overall. A cag A-positive genotype was detected in 22.4%(n = 37/165) of patient samples. The dominant vac A genotype was S1/M2 at 44.8%(n = 74/165), followed by S2/M2 at 26.7%(n = 44/165), S1/M1 at 23.6%(n = 39/165) and S2/M1 at 4.8%(n = 8/165). Primary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower in cag A-positive strains than in cag A-negative strains [32%(n = 8/25) vs 56.3%(n = 45/80); P = 0.03]. Similarly, in patients infected with more virulent H. pylori strains bearing the vac A s1 genotype, primary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower than in those infected with less virulent strains bearing the vac A s2 genotype, [41%(n = 32/78) vs 77.8%(n = 21/27); P = 0.0001]. No statistically significant association was found between primary fluoroquinolone resistance and virulence factor status.CONCLUSION Genotypic H. pylori clarithromycin resistance is high and cag A-negative strains are dominant in our population. Less virulent(cag A-negative and vac A S2-containing) strains of H. pylori are associated with primary clarithromycin resistance. | Denise E Brennan Colin Dowd Colm O'Morain Deirdre McNamara Sinéad M Smith | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，9： | 4 |
| 9 | Have patients with esophagitis got an increased risk of adenocarcinoma? Results from a population-based study显示文摘AIM: To examine an increased risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma is restricted to patients who develop Barrett's esophagus or whether esophagitis per se is a risk factor for adenocarcinoma.METHODS: A population-based cohort of patients with histological evidence of esophagitis without Barrett's esophagus was constructed using electronic pathology reports relating to all esophageal biopsies in Northern Ireland between 1993 and 1996. Person-years of followup and incident cases of esophageal cancer were calculated by linking the cohort to death files and the Northern Ireland Cancer Registry records. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated for esophageal cancers (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and histologically unspecified cancers).RESULTS: A total of 2 013 patients in the cohort provided 13 559 patient-years of follow-up (mean follow-up 6.7 years). None of the patients developed adenocarcinoma. Three patients developed SCC, and six developed histologically unspecified cancers. The SIR for all esophageal cancers and for SCC were 2.73 (95%CI 1.25-5.19) and 2.93 (95%CI 0.61-8.59), respectively. In a sensitivity analysis in which all unspecified esophageal cancers were treated as adenocarcinomas, the SIR for adenocarcinoma was 2.64 (0.97-5.75).CONCLUSION: The risk of adenocarcinoma is not elevated in patients with histological evidence of esophagitis without Barrett's esophagus; however, these patients may have a moderately increased risk of SCC.Further studies are required to confirm these findings,which suggest that Barrett's esophagus, not esophagitis,is the key precursor lesion in the development of adenocarcinoma. | Seamus J Murphy Lesley A Anderson Brian T Johnston Deirdre A Fitzpatrick Peter RG Watson Pauline Monaghan Liam J Murray | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，46： | 4 |
| 10 | Assessment of serum angiogenic factors as a diagnostic aid for small bowel angiodysplasia in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and anaemia显示文摘AIM To assess the use of serum levels of angiopoietin-1(Ang1), Ang2 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα) as predictive factors for small bowel angiodysplasia(SBA).METHODS Serum samples were collected from patients undergoing capsule endoscopy for any cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) or anaemia. Based on small bowel findings patients were divided into 3 groups:(1) SBA;(2) other bleeding causes; and(3) normal, according to diagnosis. Using ELISA technique we measured serum levels of Ang1, Ang2 and TNFα and compared mean and median levels between the groups based on small bowel diagnosis. Using receiver operator curve analysis we determined whether any of the factors were predictive of SBA.RESULTS Serum samples were collected from a total of 120 patients undergoing capsule endoscopy for OGIB or anaemia: 40 with SBA, 40 with other causes of small bowel bleeding, and 40 with normal small bowel findings. Mean and median serum levels were measured and compared between groups; patients with SBA had significantly higher median serum levels of Ang2(3759 pg/mL) compared to both other groups, with no significant differences in levels of Ang1 or TNFα based on diagnosis. There were no differences in Ang2 levels between the other bleeding causes(2261 pg/mL) and normal(2620pg/mL) groups. Using Receiver Operator Curve analysis, an Ang2 level of > 2600 pg/mL was found to be predictive of SBA, with an area under the curve of 0.7. Neither Ang1 or TNFα were useful as predictive markers.CONCLUSION Elevations in serum Ang2 are specific for SBA and not driven by other causes of bleeding and anaemia. Further work will determine whether Ang2 is useful as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for SBA. | Grainne Holleran Mary Hussey Sinead Smith Deirdre McNamara | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2017，8，3： | 3 |
| 11 | A prospective 52week mucosal healing assessment of small bowel Crohn’s disease as detected by capsule endoscopy显示文摘 | Barry Hall Grainne Holleran Jun-Liong Chin Sinead Smith Barbara Ryan Nasir Mahmud Deirdre McNamara | 2014 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2014，，： | 3 |
| 12 | Management of chronic hepatitis B in childhood: ESPGHAN clinical practice guidelines显示文摘 | Etienne M. Sokal Massimiliano Paganelli Stefan Wirth Piotr Socha Pietro Vajro Florence Lacaille Deirdre Kelly Giorgina Mieli-Vergani | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，： | 3 |
| 13 | Weight and Type 2 Diabetes after Bariatric Surgery: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis显示文摘 | Henry Buchwald Rhonda Estok Kyle Fahrbach Deirdre Banel Michael D. Jensen Walter J. Pories John P. Bantle Isabella Sledge | 2009 | The American Journal of Medicine2009，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Negative capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding predicts low rebleeding rates显示文摘 | Jonathan Macdonald Victoria Porter Deirdre McNamara | 2008 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2008，，6： | 2 |
| 15 | Biliary atresia显示文摘 | Jane L Hartley Mark Davenport Deirdre A Kelly | 2009 | The Lancet . 2009 (9702)2009，，： | 2 |
| 16 | Autophagy promotes tumor cell survival and restricts necrosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis显示文摘 | Kurt Degenhardt Robin Mathew Brian Beaudoin Kevin Bray Diana Anderson Guanghua Chen Chandreyee Mukherjee Yufang Shi Céline Gélinas Yongjun Fan Deirdre A. Nelson Shengkan Jin Eileen White | 2006 | Cancer Cell2006，，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Key roles of BIM-driven apoptosis in epithelial tumors and rational chemotherapy显示文摘 | Ting-Ting Tan Kurt Degenhardt Deirdre A. Nelson Brian Beaudoin Wilberto Nieves-Neira Philippe Bouillet Andreas Villunger Jerry M. Adams Eileen White | 2005 | Cancer Cell2005，，3： | 2 |
| 18 | Atrial fibrillation显示文摘 | Gregory YH Lip Hung Fat Tse Deirdre A Lane | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9816)2012，，： | 2 |
| 19 | Biliary atresia显示文摘 | Jane L Hartley Mark Davenport Deirdre A Kelly | 2009 | 2009 (9702)2009，，9702： | 2 |
| 20 | 龙眼果实商业化采后处理系统的建立(英文)显示文摘基于国际上龙眼果实采后技术的研究结果 ,尤其是中国和泰国的观点 ,建立了龙眼果实采后处理系统 ;介绍了龙眼果实采后处理系统技术如耐贮运品种选择 ,采收成熟度和采收方法 ,选别和分级 ,杀菌剂或熏硫处理 ,检疫杀虫处理 ,预冷 ,包装 ,贮藏 ,运输和销售。 | 林河通 Saichol Ketsa Deirdre M.Holcroft Christopher Menzel 陈绍军 席玙芳 | 2002 | 农业工程学报2002，18，5： | 2 |
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