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| 1 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 2 | 肺栓塞的影像 应用螺旋CT的新观显示文摘肺栓塞是一种生前常被漏诊的疾病。其死亡率取决于诸多因素,未经治疗患者的年死亡率可高达 30%,是应用抗凝药物患者年死亡率(2.5%)的10倍以上。 | David M Hansell Christopher D R Flower 邢军 | 1998 | 英国医学杂志中文版1998，0，1： | 13 |
| 3 | Role of polyethylene particles in peri-prosthetic osteolysis:A review显示文摘There is convincing evidence that particles produced by the wear of joint prostheses are causal in the periprosthetic loss of bone,or osteolysis,which,if it progresses,leads to the phenomenon of aseptic loosening.It is important to fully understand the biology of this bone loss because it threatens prosthesis survival,and loosened implants can result in peri-prosthetic fracture,which is disastrous for the patient and presents a difficult surgical scenario.The focus of this review is the bioactivity of polyethylene(PE)particles,since there is evidence that these are major players in the development and progression of osteolysis around prostheses which use PE as the bearing surface.The review describes the biological consequences of interaction of PE particles with macrophages,osteoclasts and cells of the osteoblast lineage,including osteocytes.It explores the possible cellular mechanisms of action of PE and seeks to use the findings to date to propose potential nonsurgical treatments for osteolysis.In particular,a nonsurgical approach is likely to be applicable to implants containing newer,highly cross-linked PEs(HXLPEs),for which osteolysis seems to occur with much reduced PE wear compared with conventional PEs.The caveat here is that we know little as yet about the bioactivity of HXLPE particles and addressing this constitutes our next challenge. | Gerald J Atkins David R Haynes Donald W Howie David M Findlay | 2011 | World Journal of Orthopedics2011，2，10： | 11 |
| 4 | 具有低动脉粥样硬化风险特征的专业耐力运动员的亚临床冠状动脉疾病发病率显示文摘研究表明,具有冠状动脉疾病(coronary artery disease,CAD)危险因素的中老年(健将)运动员比久坐个体冠状动脉钙化(coronary artery calcium,CAC)评分更高。尚没有研究评估具有低动脉粥样硬化风险特征的专业运动员的CAD患病率。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Merghani A Maestrini V Rosmini S Cox AT Dhutia H Bastiaenen R David S Yeo TJ Narain R Malhotra A Papadakis M Wilson MG Tome M AlFakih K Moon JC Sharma S | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，6： | 8 |
| 5 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Regulation of epithelium-specific Ets-like factors ESE-1 and ESE-3 in airway epithelial cells: potential roles in airway inflammation显示文摘航线发炎是许多呼吸障碍的特点,例如气喘和膀胱的纤维变性。在发炎触发的航线基因表示的变化在这些疾病的致病起一个关键作用。基因连接研究建议 ESE-2 和 ESE-3,编码上皮特定的 Ets-domain-containing 抄写因素,是候选人气喘危险性基因。我们这里报导 et 家庭抄写因素 ESE-1 的另一个成员的表示,以及 ESE-3,起来在支气管的上皮的房间线由煽动性的 cytokines interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta ) 和肿瘤坏死 factor-alpha (TNF-alpha ) 调整了。有 IL-1beta 和 TNF-alpha 的这些房间的处理为 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 导致了信使 rna 表示的戏剧的增加。我们证明导致的表示被抄写因素 NF-kappaB 的激活调停。我们描绘了 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 倡导者并且识别了为导致 cytokine 的表达式被要求的 NF-kappaB 有约束力的序列。另外,我们也表明那 ESE-1 在上面调整 ESE-3 表示, down 由 cytokines 调整它的自己的正式就职。最后,我们在 Elf3 显示出那(对人的 ESE-1 相应) 猛烈老鼠,煽动性的 cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6 ) 的表示是调整的 down。我们的调查结果建议 ESE-1 和 ESE-3 在航线发炎起一个重要作用。 | Jing Wu Rongqi Duan Huibi Cao Deborah Field Catherine M Newnham David R Koehler Noe Zamel Melanie A Pritchard Paul Hertzog Martin Post A Keith Tanswell Jim Hu | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，6： | 6 |
| 7 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Protective role of PI3-kinase/Akt/eNOS signaling in mechanical stress through inhibition of p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase in mouse lung显示文摘 | Xin-qi PENG Mahendra DAMARLA Jarrett SKIRBALL Stephanie NONAS Xiao-ying WANG Eugenia J HAN Emile J HASAN Xuan CAO Adel BOUEIZ Rachel DAMICO Rubin M TUDER Alfred M SClUTO Dana R ANDERSON Joe GNGARCIA David A KASS Paul M HASSOUN Jun-tian ZHANG | 2010 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2010，31，2： | 6 |
| 9 | Efficacy and safety of endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage in acute cholecystitis:An updated meta-analysis显示文摘BACKGROUND Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage has been the most frequently performed treatment for acute cholecystitis for patients who are not candidates for surgery.Endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage(ETGBD)has evolved into an alternative treatment.There have been numerous retrospective and prospective studies evaluating ETGBD for acute cholecystitis,though results have been variable.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ETGBD in the treatment of inoperable patients with acute cholecystitis.METHODS We performed a systematic review of major literature databases including PubMed,OVID,Science Direct,Google Scholar(from inception to March 2021)to identify studies reporting technical and clinical success,and post procedure adverse events in ETGBD.Weighted pooled rates were then calculated using fixed effects models for technical and clinical success,and post procedure adverse events,including recurrent cholecystitis.RESULTS We found 21 relevant articles that were then included in the study.In all 1307 patients were identified.The pooled technical success rate was 82.62%[95%confidence interval(CI):80.63-84.52].The pooled clinical success rate was found to be 94.87%(95%CI:93.54-96.05).The pooled overall complication rate was 8.83%(95%CI:7.42-10.34).Pooled rates of post procedure adverse events were bleeding 1.03%(95%CI:0.58-1.62),perforation 0.78%(95%CI:0.39-1.29),peritonitis/bile leak 0.45%(95%CI:0.17-0.87),and pancreatitis 1.98%(95%CI:1.33-2.76).The pooled rates of stent occlusion and migration were 0.39%(95%CI:0.13-0.78)and 1.3%(95%CI:0.75-1.99)respectively.The pooled rate of cholecystitis recurrence following ETGBD was 1.48%(95%CI:0.92-2.16).CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggests that ETGBD is a feasible and efficacious treatment for inoperable patients with acute cholecystitis. | David M Jandura Srinivas R Puli | 2021 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2021，13，8： | 4 |
| 10 | 1989-1994年中国脊髓灰质炎病毒的分子流行病学显示文摘1989~1994年中国发生的脊髓灰质炎流行,疫情开始集中于华东、中南地区,后期趋于南部沿海一带。对近百份来自18个省、市、自治区脊灰病毒流行期间标本的分子生物学特征分析,发现流行主要由脊灰病毒Ⅰ型野毒株引起,未发现Ⅱ型野毒株,但1993年在新疆分离到1株Ⅲ型野毒株。Ⅰ型野毒株中共存在4个基因型病毒,其中CHNP1-R91型病毒为这几年流行中新产生的重组病毒,在VP1/2A区含有一段疫苗株序列,另一段野毒株序列很可能来自CHNP1-JX89型病毒。这两个基因型病毒分布在全国大部份地区。病毒核酸的亲缘关系研究还证明,92~94年流行在南方沿海一带的脊髓灰质炎,主要由91年产生的重组病毒引起。此研究揭示了各地区、各基因型病毒与疫情之间的流行病学关系及传播模式。 | 郑渡平 张礼璧 侯晓辉 朱宏 Mac Otten David R Kilpatnck Mark Pallansch Olen M Kew | 1995 | 病毒学报1995，11，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade显示文摘 | Clifford R Jack David S Knopman William J Jagust Leslie M Shaw Paul S Aisen Michael W Weiner Ronald C Petersen John Q Trojanowski | 2010 | Lancet Neurology2010，，1： | 4 |
| 12 | Quality in the technical performance of colonoscopy and the continuous quality improvement process for colonoscopy: recommendations of the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer显示文摘 | Douglas K Rex John H Bond Sidney Winawer Theodore R Levin Randall W Burt David A Johnson Lynne M Kirk Scott Litlin David A Lieberman Jerome D Waye James Church John B Marshall Robert H Riddell | 2002 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2002，，6： | 3 |
| 13 | Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Paul Y Kwo Eric J Lawitz Jonathan McCone Eugene R Schiff John M Vierling David Pound Mitchell N Davis Joseph S Galati Stuart C Gordon Natarajan Ravendhran Lorenzo Rossaro Frank H Anderson Ira M Jacobson Raymond Rubin Kenneth Koury Lisa D Pedicone Clifford | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9742： | 3 |
| 14 | Sentinel-lymph-node resection compared with conventional axillary-lymph-node dissection in clinically node-negative patients with breast cancer: overall survival findings from the NSABP B-32 randomised phase 3 trial显示文摘 | David N Krag Stewart J Anderson Thomas B Julian Ann M Brown Seth P Harlow Joseph P Costantino Takamaru Ashikaga Donald L Weaver Eleftherios P Mamounas Lynne M Jalovec Thomas G Frazier R Dirk Noyes André Robidoux Hugh MC Scarth Norman Wolmark | 2010 | Lancet Oncology2010，，10： | 3 |
| 15 | Accuracy of biometric formulae for intraocular lens power calculation in a teaching hospital显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of three commonly used biometric formulae across different axial lengths(ALs) at one United States Veterans Affairs teaching hospital.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted from November 2013 to May 2018. One eye of each patient who underwent cataract surgery with a monofocal intraocular lens(IOL) was included. The range of postoperative follow-up period was from 3 wk to 4 mo. The Holladay 2, Barrett Universal II, and Hill-Radial Basis Function(Hill-RBF) formulae were used to predict the postoperative refraction for all cataract surgeries. For each formula, we calculated the prediction errors [including mean absolute prediction error(MAE)] and the percentage of eyes within ±0.25 diopter(D) and ±0.5 D of predicted refraction. We performed subgroup analyses for short(AL<22.0 mm), medium(AL 22.0-25.0 mm), and long eyes(AL>25.0 mm).RESULTS: A total of 1131 patients were screened, and 909 met the inclusion criteria. Resident ophthalmologists were the primary surgeons in 710(78.1%) cases. We found no statistically significant difference in predictive accuracy among the three formulae over the entire AL range or in the short, medium, and long eye subgroups. Across the entire AL range, the Hill-RBF formula resulted in the lowest MAE(0.384 D) and the highest percentage of eyes with postoperative refraction within ±0.25 D(42.7%) and ±0.5 D(75.5%) of predicted. All three formulae had the highest MAEs(>0.5 D) and lowest percentage within ±0.5 D of predicted refraction(<55%) in short eyes.CONCLUSION: In cataract surgery patients at our teaching hospital, three commonly used biometric formulae demonstrate similar refractive accuracy across all ALs. Short eyes pose the greatest challenge to predicting postoperative refractive error. | Kevin S Tang Elaine M Tran Allison J Chen David R Rivera Jorge J Rivera Paul B Greenberg | 2020 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2020，13，1： | 3 |
| 16 | Factors influencing mercury accumulation in three species of forage fish from Caddo Lake, Texas, USA显示文摘Most studies that have examined mercury (Hg) contamination of fish have focused on game species feeding near the top of the food web, while studies that examine forage fish that feed near the base of the food web are rare. We conducted a survey of Hg contamination in three species of forage fish, brook silverside (Labidesthes sicculus), threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) and gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), from Caddo Lake, Texas, USA and found species-specific differences in Hg concentrations. We examined total length, age, trophic position (determined using δ15N), and growth rate of forage fish as factors that could have influenced within-and between-species differences in Hg concentration. Total length and age were the best predictors of within-species differences in Hg concentration. Between-species differences in Hg concentrations were most strongly influenced by trophic position. | Matthew M Chumchal Ray W Drenner David R Cross K David Hambright | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，8： | 3 |
| 17 | Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: A reaffirmation显示文摘 | Elizabeth Montgomery Mary P Bronner John R Goldblum Joel K Greenson Marian M Haber John Hart Laura W Lamps Gregory Y Lauwers Audrey J Lazenby David N Lewin Marie E Robert Alicia Y Toledano Yu Shyr Kay Washington | 2001 | Human Pathology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 18 | Prognostic impact of the Bismuth-Corlette classification:Higher rates of local unresectability in stageⅢb hilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘Background:The Bismuth-Corlette(BC)classification is used to categorize hilar cholangiocarcinoma by proximal extension along the biliary tree.As the right hepatic artery crosses just behind the left bile duct,we hypothesized that BCⅢb tumors would have a higher likelihood of local unresectability due to involvement of the contralateral artery.Methods:A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database identified patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma taken to the operating room for intended curative resection between April 2008 and September 2016.Cases were assigned BC stages based on preoperative imaging.Results:Sixty-eight patients were included in the study.All underwent staging laparoscopy after which 16 cases were aborted for metastatic disease.Of the remaining 52 cases,14 cases were explored and aborted for locally advanced disease.Thirty-eight underwent attempt at curative resection.After exclud-ing cases aborted for metastatic disease,the chance of proceeding with resection was 55.6%for BCⅢb staged lesions compared to 80.0%of BCⅢa lesions and to 82.4%for BCⅠ-Ⅲa staged lesions(P<0.05).About 44.4%of BCⅢb lesions were aborted for locally advanced disease versus 17.6%of remaining BC stages.Conclusions:When hilar cholangiocarcinoma is preoperatively staged as BCⅢb,surgeons should antici-pate higher rates of locally unresectable disease,likely involving the right hepatic artery. | Michael J Passeri Maria R Baimas-George Jesse K Sulzer David A Iannitti John B Martinie Erin H Baker Lee M Ocuin Dionisios Vrochides | 2020 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2020，19，2： | 3 |
| 19 | 吃熟肉可以显著改变血肌酐浓度与eGFR显示文摘编辑:Traynor等认为,摄入肉食对血肌酐的浓度以及eGFR的影响较小(见本期第28页)。但是MDRD试验中产生公式的数据主要来源于禁食的病人(AS Levey,个人交流)。但在临床实践中,测定血肌酐与eGFR的标本在采集时通常不考虑病人近期的饮食情况。 | David J Preiss Ian M Godber Ian R Gunu 隋准 | 2007 | 英国医学杂志中文版2007，10，1： | 2 |
| 20 | 接受他汀治疗患者新发糖尿病风险:人群为基础的研究显示文摘目的 研究接受HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂(他汀类药物)治疗的患者的新发糖尿病风险。设计 人群为基础的队列研究,以时间事件分析的方法评估各种他汀类药物应用和新发糖尿病风险的相关性分析。计算危害比(hazard ratios,HR)来确定他汀的种类及剂量与新发糖尿病的关系。 | Aleesa A Caner Tara Gomes Ximena Camacho David N Juurlink Baiju R Shah Muhammad M Mamdani 张秀珍(译) 骆斯慧(译) 翁建平(校) | 2013 | 英国医学杂志中文版2013，16，5： | 2 |
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