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| 1 | Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A systematic review and meta analysis显示文摘AIM: To detect pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) has been varied. This study is undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in detecting PNETs.METHODS: Only EUS studies confirmed by surgery or appropriate follow-up were selected. Articles were searched in Medline, Ovid journals, Medline nonindexed citations, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews. Pooling was conducted by both fixed and random effects model). RESULTS: Initial search identified 2610 reference articles, of these 140 relevant articles were selected and reviewed. Data was extracted from 13 studies (n = 456) which met the inclusion criteria. Pooled sensitivity of EUS in detecting a PNETs was 87.2% (95%CI: 82.2-91.2). EUS had a pooled specificity of 98.0% (95%CI: 94.3-99.6). The positive likelihood ratio of EUS was 11.1 (95%CI: 5.34-22.8) and negative likelihood ratio was 0.17 (95%CI: 0.13-0.24). The diagnostic odds ratio, the odds of having anatomic PNETs in positive as compared to negative EUS studies was 94.7 (95%CI: 37.9-236.1). Begg-Mazumdar bias indicator for publication bias gave a Kendall's tau value of 0.31 (P = 0.16), indication no publication bias. The P for χ2 heterogeneity for all the pooled accuracy estimates was > 0.10. CONCLUSION: EUS has excellent sensitivity and specificity to detect PNETs. EUS should be strongly considered for evaluation of PNETs. | Srinivas R Puli Nikhil Kalva Matthew L Bechtold Smitha R Pamulaparthy Micheal D Cashman Norman C Estes Richard H Pearl Fritz-Henry Volmar Sonu Dillon Michael F Shekleton David Forcione | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，23： | 14 |
| 2 | Probiotic metabolites from Bacillus coagulans GanedenBC30^(TM) support maturation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro显示文摘AIM:To study the effects of probiotic metabolites on maturation stage of antigen-presenting immune cells.METHODS:Ganeden Bacillus coagulans 30(GBC30) bacterial cultures in log phase were used to isolate the secreted metabolite(MET) fraction.A second fraction was made to generate a crude cell-wall-enriched fraction,by centrifugation and lysis,followed by washing.A preparation of MET was subjected to size exclusion centrifugation,generating three fractions:< 3 kDa,3-30 kDa,and 30-200 kDa and activities were tested in comparison to crude MET and cell wall in primary cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) as a source of antigen-presenting mononuclear phagocytes.The maturation status of mononuclear phagocytes was evaluated by staining with monoclonal antibodies towards CD14,CD16,CD80 and CD86 and analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Treatment of PBMC with MET supported maturation of mononuclear phagocytes toward both macrophage and dendritic cell phenotypes.The biological activity unique to the metabolites included a reduction of CD14+ CD16+ pro-inflammatory cells,and this property was associated with the high molecular weight metabolite fraction.Changes were also seen for the dendritic cell maturation markers CD80 and CD86.On CD14dim cells,an increase in both CD80 and CD86 expression was seen,in contrast to a selective increase in CD86 expression on CD14bright cells.The co-expression of CD80 and CD86 indicates effective antigen presentation to T cells and support of T helper cell differentiation.The selective expression of CD86 in the absence of CD80 points to a role in generating T regulatory cells.CONCLUSION:The data show that a primary mechanism of action of GBC30 metabolites involves support of more mature phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells,important for immunological decision-making. | Kathleen F Benson Kimberlee A Redman Steve G Carter David Keller Sean Farmer John R Endres Gitte S Jensen | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 8 |
| 3 | The protein kinase encoded by the Akt proto-oncogene is a target of the PDGF-activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase显示文摘 | Thomas F Franke Sung-Il Yang Tung O Chan Ketaki Datta Andrius Kazlauskas Deborah K Morrison David R Kaplan Philip N Tsichlis | 1995 | Cell1995，，5： | 2 |
| 4 | The safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for the treatment of HIV infection in adults: the first 4 years显示文摘 | Mark R Nelson Christine Katlama Julio S Montaner David A Cooper Brian Gazzard Bonaventura Clotet Adriano Lazzarin Knud Schewe Joep Lange Christina Wyatt Sue Curtis Shan-Shan Chen Stephen Smith Norbert Bischofberger James F Rooney | 2007 | AIDS2007，，10： | 2 |
| 5 | Soil moisture: A central and unifying theme in physical geography显示文摘 | Legates David R Mahmood Rezaul Levia Delphis F DeLiberty Tracy L Quiring Steven M Houser Chris Nelson Frederick E | 2011 | Progress in Physical Geography2011，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Relationship of superficial scald development and ct-Farnesene oxidation to re- actions of diphenylamine and diphenylamine derivatives in CV, Granny Smith apple peel 显示文摘 | David R R James P M John K F | 2005 | J Agric Food Chem2005，，53： | 1 |
| 7 | Engineering a simple, efficient code generator generator 显示文摘 | CHRISTOPER W F DAVID R H TODD A P | 1992 | ACM Letters on Programming Languages and Systems1992，1，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Regulation of epidermal apoptosis and DNA repair by E2F1 in response to ultraviolet B radiation显示文摘 | THOMAS R B DAVID L M GUO R F | 2005 | Oncogene2005，24，15： | 1 |
| 9 | A new approach for outcrop characterization andgeostatistical analysis of a low-sinuosity fluvial-dominated succession using digital outcrop models:Upper Triassic Oukaimeden sandstone formation,central High Atlas,Morocco显示文摘 | Ivan F David H Jonathan R | 2009 | AAPG Bulletin2009，93，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Soil mois- ture: A central and unifying theme in physical geography 显示文摘 | Legates David R Mahmood R Levia Delphis F | 2011 | Pro- gress in Physical Geography2011，35，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Ramsdellite-MnO2 for lithium batteries: The ramsdellite to spinel transformation显示文摘 | THACKERAY M M ROSSOUW M H GUMMOW R J LILES D C PEARCE K KOCK A D DAVID W I F HULLS S | 1993 | Electrochim Acta1993，38，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Estimating Intraclass Correlation for Binary Data 显示文摘 | Martin S R Clarice G B and David F | 1999 | Bio- metrics1999，55，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Using professional specialty competencies to guide course development显示文摘 | Gwendolyn F Janice K David R | | 0，，8： | 1 |
| 14 | The skill content of recent technological change: an empirical exploration 显示文摘 | DAVID H LEVY F MURNANE R J | 2003 | The Quarterly Journal of Economics2003，118，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Summary of Findings of the School Health Edueation Evaluation: Health Promotion Effectiveness, Implementation, and Costs 显示文摘 | David B Ralph R Elaine F | 1985 | Journal of School Health1985，55，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Strategy for cross - protection among Shigella flexneri serotypes 显示文摘 | NORIEGA F R LIAO F M DAVID R | 1999 | Infect Immun1999，67，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Management of patients with depression associated with anxiety symptoms显示文摘 | David Nutt D M Psych F R C | 1997 | J Clin Psychiatry1997，58，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Scanning probe microscopy显示文摘 | Colton Richard J Baselt David R Dufrêne Yves F Green John-Bruce D Lee Gil U | 1997 | Chemical Biology1997，1，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A summary of the physical properties of cirrus cloud 显示文摘 | David R D Lawrence F R | 1990 | Journal of Applied Meteorology1990，29，： | 1 |
| 20 | Synthesis and Structural Characterization of the Normal Spinel Li O4显示文摘 | Thomas M G S R David W I F Goodenough J B | 1985 | Mater Res Bull1985，20，： | 1 |
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