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| 1 | Etelcalcetide治疗继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的随机对照3期临床试验显示文摘矿物质代谢紊乱是终末期肾病(ESRD)患者最具挑战性的临床问题之一。从早期阶段开始,慢性肾脏病(CKD)即开始增加成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)的循环浓度, | Block GA Bushinsky DA Cunningham J 王建中 | 2017 | 中华肾病研究电子杂志2017，6，1： | 33 |
| 2 | 美国国立老化研究所与阿尔茨海默病协会诊断指南写作组:阿尔茨海默病临床前阶段的定义显示文摘阿尔茨海默病(AD)的病理生理过程在痴呆诊断的多年前就开始了。这一长期的AD“临床前”阶段是治疗干预的关键机会,但需进一步阐明AD的病理级联过程和临床症状出现之间的联系。美国国立老化研究所和AD协会召集了一个国际工作组对AD生物标志物、流行病学和神经心理学的证据进行综述并提出建议,以确定能够预测由“正常”认知到轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)及AD痴呆的最佳预测指标。根据目前已有的主要科学证据,我们提出了一个概念性的框架和用于操作的研究标准,以通过纵向临床研究来验证和改进这些模型。这些建议仅用于研究目的,目前不涉及临床应用。我们希望这些建议能提供一个共识,以推进临床前AD的研究,最终推动更早期治疗干预的进展,使得一些疾病减缓药物的疗效发挥最大。 | Sperling RA Aisen PS Beckett LA Bennett DA Craft S Fagan AM Iwatsubo T Jack CR Jr Kaye J Montine TJ Park DC Reiman EM Rowe CC Siemers E Stern Y Yaffe K Carrillo MC Thies B Morrison-Bogorad M Wagster MV Phelps CH 贾建平(译) 郭起浩(译) 黄丽(译) 陆璐(译) 张逸驰(译) 邢怡(译) | 2012 | 中华神经科杂志2012，45，5： | 22 |
| 3 | 2018年美国糖尿病学会和欧洲糖尿病研究协会关于2型糖尿病高血糖管理的共识显示文摘美国糖尿病学会(ADA)和欧洲糖尿病研究协会(EASD)近期组织专家对2012—2015年间发表的关于成年2型糖尿病的管理共识进行了更新。专家组系统评价了2014年至今发表的文献,对高血糖的管理提出了新的共识。新共识包括更加强调2型糖尿病患者的生活方式管理、自我管理教育和支持。共识指出对于2型糖尿病伴肥胖者建议通过生活方式干预、药物和手术进行减重。 | Davies MJ D'Alessio DA Fradkin J 姜莹莹(编译) | 2019 | 中华预防医学杂志2019，53，2： | 19 |
| 4 | 反流性食管炎中埃索美拉唑比奥美拉唑更能促进病变愈合和症状缓解显示文摘 | Kahrilas PJ Falk GW Johnson DA Schmitt C Collins DW Whipple J D’Amino D Hamelin B Joelsson B 钟捷 | 2002 | 中华消化杂志2002，22，11： | 19 |
| 5 | Evaluation of quantitative contrast harmonic imaging to assess malignancy of liver tumors:A prospective controlled two-center study显示文摘AIM: To establish the extent to which contrast enhancement with SonoVue in combination with quantitative evaluation of contrast-medium dynamics facilitates the detection of hepatic tumors. METHODS: One hundred patients with histologically confirmed malignant or benign hepatic tumor (maximum size 5 cm) were analyzed. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (bolus injection 2.5 mL SonoVue) was carried out with intermittent breath-holding technique using a multifrequency transducer (2.5-4 MHz). Native vascularization was analyzed with power Doppler. The contrast-enhanced dynamic ultrasound investigation was carried out with contrast harmonic imaging in true detection mode during the arterial,portal venous and late phases. Mechanical index was set at 0.15. Perfusion analysis was performed by post-processing of the raw data time intensity curve (TIC) analysis. The cut-off of the gray value differences between tumor and normal liver tissue was established using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis 64-line multi-slice computed tomography served as reference method in all cases. Magnetic resonance tomography was used additionally in 19 cases. RESULTS: One hundred patients with 59 malignant (43 colon,5 breast,2 endocrine metastases,7 hepatocellular carcinomas and 2 kidney cancers) and 41 benign (15 hemangiomas,7 focal nodular hyperplasias,5 complicated cysts,2 abscesses and 12 circumscribed fatty changes) tumors were included. The late venous phase proved to be the most sensitive for classification of the tumor type. Fifty-eight of the 59 malignant tumors were classified as true positive,and one as false negative. This resulted in a sensitivity of 98.3%. Of the 41 benign tumors,37 were classified as true negative and 4 as false negative,which corresponds to a specificity of 90.2%. Altogether,95.0% of the diagnoses were classified as correct on the basis of the histological classification. No investigator-dependency (P = 0.23) was noted. CONCLUSION: The results show the possibility of accurate prediction of malignancy of hepatic tumors with a positive prognostic value of 93.5% using advanced contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Contrast enhancement with SonoVue in combination with quantitative evaluation of contrast-medium dynamics is a valuable tool to discriminate hepatic tumors. | EM Jung DA Clevert AG Schreyer S Schmitt J Rennert R Kubale S Feuerbach F Jung | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，47： | 15 |
| 6 | Leukocyte driven-decidual angiogenesis in early.pregnancy显示文摘成功的怀孕并且长期,出生后母亲并且后代心脏、脉管、新陈代谢的健康在怀孕期上要求关键母亲的心血管的改编。在怀孕 decidualizing 子宫以内,协调了脉管,免疫学的和 stromal 房间变化发生。可观的注意在开始蜕膜的螺线被给了房间到子宫的生来的杀手(uNK ) 的角色动脉的改变,通常完成由的一个过程在老鼠并且在人中间怀孕期。然而,白血球角色在早得多,区域特定,蜕膜的脉管的改变现在正在被定义。对免疫者的兴趣支持房间的脉管的改变被在象不孕,周期性的自发的流产, preeclampsia (PE ) 和胎儿的生长限制那样的人的 gestational 复杂并发症被报导的脉管的错误驾驶。适当母亲的心血管的回答在怀孕期间保护母亲和他们的孩子免受以后的心血管的疾病风险举起的伤害。对在有 hemochorial 胎座式的种类的怀孕的最早子宫的回答之一是 stromal 细胞 decidualization,它为 angiogenesis 和白血球招募创造唯一的壁龛。在早蜕膜 basalis,将抱发展中的胎盘并且提供主要的血容器支持成熟胎盘的功能的培植地点的方面,白血球极大地被充实并且显示专业化性质。UNK 房间,在早蜕膜 basalis 的最丰富的白血球子集,有 angiogenic 能力并且为正常早蜕膜的 angiogenesis 是必要的。在决定的 uNK 房间和他们的角色的规定母亲并且子孙在怀孕上的心血管的健康并且产后被讨论。 | Patricia DA Lima Jianhong Zhang Caroline Dunk Stephen J Lye B Anne Croy | 2014 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2014，11，6： | 8 |
| 7 | Quantitative Study on Nonmetallic Inclusion Particles in Steels by Automatic Image Analysis With Extreme Values Method显示文摘The presence of nonmetallic inclusion particles which appear during steelmaking process is harmful to the properties of steels,which is mainly as a function of some aspects such as size,volume fraction,shape,and distribution of these particles.The automatic image analysis technique is one of the most important tools for the quantitative determination of these parameters.The classical Student approach and the Extreme Values Method(EVM) were used for the inclusion size and shape determination and the evaluation of distance between the inclusion particles.The results thus obtained indicated that there were significant differences in the characteristics of the inclusion particles in the analyzed products.Both methods achieved results with some differences,indicating that EVM could be used as a faster and more reliable statistical methodology. | Cássio Barbosa José Brant de Campos Jneo Lopes do Nascimento Iêda Maria Vieira Caminha | 2009 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2009，16，4： | 7 |
| 8 | 长期应用埃索美拉唑是维持已愈合糜烂性食管炎疗效及控制胃食管反流症状的有效方法显示文摘 | Johnson DA Benjamin SB Vakil NB Goldstein JL Lamet M Whipple J Damico D Hamelin B 钟捷 | 2002 | 中华消化杂志2002，22，12： | 6 |
| 9 | Embolization of splenorenal shunt associated to portal vein thrombosis and hepatic encephalopathy显示文摘Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a cognitive disturbance characterized by neuropsychiatric alterations.It occurs in acute and chronic hepatic disease and also in patients with portosystemic shunts.The presence of these portosystemic shunts allows the passage of nitrogenous substances from the intestines through systemic veins without liver depuration.Therefore,the embolization of these shunts has been performed tocontrol HE manifestations,but the presence of portal vein thrombosis is considered a contraindication.In this presentation we show a cirrhotic patient with severe HE and portal vein thrombosis who was submitted to embolization of a large portosystemic shunt.Case report:a 57 years-old cirrhotic patient who had been hospitalized many times for persistent HE and hepatic coma,even without precipitant factors.She had a wide portosystemic shunt and also portal vein thrombosis.The abdominal angiography confirmed the splenorenal shunt and showed other shunts.The larger shunt was embolized through placement of microcoils,and the patient had no recurrence of overt HE.There was a little increase of esophageal and gastric varices,but no endoscopic treatment was needed.Since portosystemic shunts are frequent causes of recurrent HE in cirrhotic patients,portal vein thrombosis should be considered a relative contraindication to perform a shunt embolization.However,in particular cases with many shunts and severe HE,we found that one of these shunts can be safely embolized and this procedure can be sufficient to obtain a good HE recovery.In conclusion,we reported a case of persistent HE due to a wide portosystemic shunt associated with portal vein thrombosis.As the patient had other shunts,she was successfully treated by embolization of the larger shunt. | Letícia de Campos Franzoni Fábio Cardoso de Carvalho Rafael Gomes de Almeida Garzon Fábio da Silva Yamashiro Laís Augusti Lívia Alves Amaral Santos Mariana de Souza Dorna Júlio Pinheiro Baima Talles Bazeia Lima Carlos Antonio Caramori Giovanni Faria Silva Fernando Gomes Romeiro | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 6 |
| 10 | Relationship between Th17 immune response and cancer显示文摘Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide and epidemiological projections predict growing cancer mortality rates in the next decades.Cancer has a close relationship with the immune system and,although Th17 cells are known to play roles in the immune response against microorganisms and in autoimmunity,studies have emphasized their roles in cancer pathogenesis.The Th17 immune response profile is involved in several types of cancer including urogenital,respiratory,gastrointestinal,and skin cancers.This type of immune response exerts pro and antitumor functions through several mechanisms,depending on the context of each tumor,including the protumor angiogenesis and exhaustion of T cells and the antitumor recruitment of T cells and neutrophils to the tumor microenvironment.Among other factors,the paradoxical behavior of Th17 cells in this setting has been attributed to its plasticity potential,which makes possible their conversion into other types of T cells such as Th17/Treg and Th17/Th1 cells.Interleukin(IL)-17 stands out among Th17-related cytokines since it modulates pathways and interacts with other cell profiles in the tumor microenvironment,which allow Th17 cells to prevail in tumors.Moreover,the IL-17 is able to mediate pro and antitumor processes that influence the development and progression of various cancers,being associated with variable clinical outcomes.The understanding of the relationship between the Th17 immune response and cancer as well as the singularities of carcinogenic processes in each type of tumor is crucial for the identification of new therapeutic targets. | Hanna Santos Marques Breno Bittencourt de Brito Filipe Antônio França da Silva Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Júlio César Braga de Souza Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia Luana Weber Lopes Nayara Silva de Macêdo Neres Rafael Santos Dantas Miranda Dórea Anna Carolina Saúde Dantas Lorena Lôbo Brito Morbeck Iasmin Souza Lima Amanda Alves de Almeida Maiara Raulina de Jesus Dias Fabrício Freire de Melo | 2021 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2021，12，10： | 5 |
| 11 | 从附睾到卵子:CRISP蛋白在哺乳动物受精过程中的作用显示文摘哺乳动物的受精过程涉及精卵结合的很多步骤,是一个非常复杂的过程,其分了机制亟待阐明。此篇综述主要论述了CRISP(富含半胱氨酸的分泌蛋白)作为模型分子在哺乳动物受精过程中的价值。大量的体外实验和基因敲出模型研究显示,附睾内的CRISP1以两种不同的亲和力结合于精子表面,参与精子获能、精子-透明带结合、精卵融合的调控。这些研究成果可以延伸至人类。我们住研究中发现,人类具有与啮齿类同源的CRISP(hCRISP1),同样参与受精过样。CRISP家族的其他成员(睾丸内CRISP2、附挈内CRISP3—4、射精时的CRISP3)也参与了精卵结合的过程,提示同源分子间的相互协同有助于受精的成功。另外,我们的研究显示,CRISP蛋白伴随精子穿越男性及女性生殖管道的全过程。我们推测CRISP不仅参与了受精过程,而且可能成为不育和避孕研究的新靶点。 | Vanina G Da Ros Mariana Weigel Munoz Maria A Battistone Nicolas G Brukman Guillermo Carvajal Ludmila Curci Matlas D Gomez-Elias Debora J Cohen Patricia S Cuasnicu | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，5： | 5 |
| 12 | Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography:Only a few shades of gray显示文摘Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) has often been used to determine the quality of craniofacial bone structures through the determination of mineral density, which is based on gray scales of the images obtained. However, there is no consensus regarding the accuracy of the determination of the gray scales in these exams. This study aims to provide a literature review concerning the reliability of CBCT to determine bone mineral density. The gray values obtained with CBCT show a linear relationship with the attenuation coefficients of the materials, Hounsfield Units values obtained with medical computed tomography, and density values from dual energy X-ray absorciometry. However, errors are expected when CBCT images are used to define the quality of the scanned structures be-cause these images show inconsistencies and arbitrari-ness in the gray values, particularly when related to abrupt change in the density of the object, X-ray beam hardening effect, scattered radiation, projection data discontinuity-related effect, differences between CBCTdevices, changes in the volume of the field of view(FOV), and changes in the relationships of size and position between the FOV and the object evaluated. A few methods of mathematical correction of the gray scales in CBCT have been proposed; however, they do not generate consistent values that are independent of the devices and their configurations or of the scanned objects. Thus, CBCT should not be considered the ex-amination of choice for the determination of bone and soft tissue mineral density at the current stage, par-ticularly when values obtained are to be compared to predetermined standard values. Comparisons between symmetrically positioned structures inside the FOV and in relation to the exomass of the object, as it occurs with the right and left sides of the skull, seem to be viable because the effects on the gray scale in the re-gions of interest are the same. | Marcio José da Silva Campos Thainara Salgueiro de Souza Sergio Luiz Mota Júnior Marcelo Reis Fraga Robert Willer Farinazzo Vitral | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，8： | 3 |
| 13 | Transplants of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat显示文摘 | Da?a ?í?ková Ján Rosocha Ivo Vanicky Stanislava Jergová Milan ?í?ek | 2006 | Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (-)2006，，78： | 3 |
| 14 | Effect of B vitamin supplementation on plasma homocysteine levels in celiac disease显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of vitamin supplements on homocysteine levels in patients with celiac disease. METHODS: Vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, and fasting plasma homocysteine levels were measured in 51 consecutive adults with celiac disease [median (range) age 56 (18-63) years; 40% men, 26 (51%) had villous atrophy, and 25 (49%) used B-vitamin supplements] and 50 healthy control individuals matched for age and sex. Finally, the C677T polymorphism of 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) was evaluated in 46 patients with celiac disease and all control individuals. RESULTS: Patients with celiac disease and using vitamin supplements had higher serum vitamin B6 (P = 0.003),folate (P < 0.001), and vitamin B12 (P = 0.012) levels than patients who did not or healthy controls (P = 0.035, P < 0.001, P = 0.007, for vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin B12, respectively). Lower plasma homocysteine levels were found in patients using vitamin supplements than in patients who did not (P = 0.001) or healthy controls (P = 0.003). However, vitamin B6 and folate, not vitamin B12, were significantly and independently associated with homocysteine levels. Twenty-four (48%) of 50 controls and 23 (50%) of 46 patients with celiac disease carried the MTHFR thermolabile variant T-allele (P = 0.89). CONCLUSION: Homocysteine levels are dependent on Marsh classification and the regular use of B-vitamin supplements is effective in reduction of homocysteine levels in patients with celiac disease and should be considered in disease management. | Muhammed Hadithi Chris JJ Mulder Frank Stam Joshan Azizi J Bart A Crusius Amado Salvador Pea Coen DA Stehouwer Yvo M Smulders | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，8： | 3 |
| 15 | Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis that aggravates after acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia:A case report显示文摘We report an atypical case of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis(ANMDARE). A 27-year-old man diagnosed with ANMDARE received immunotherapy and had a good recovery. However, within one month, he developed severe status epilepticus and decreased level of conscience with new hyperpyrexia and dyspnea, and was admitted to the emergency intensive care unit. Acinetobacter baumanii were found in the sputum culture; and anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive(titer: 1/80) in the cerebrospinal fluid. Repeated immunotherapy was administered with antibacterial agents, and the patient recovered except for mild psychiatric sequelae. This is the first report of ANMDARE that aggravates after acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia. Awareness and knowledge of this disorder should be extended, especially in the emergency medicine community. | Cheng C Wang Da J Li Yi Q Xia Kai Liu | 2017 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2017，5，9： | 3 |
| 16 | Three-dimensional imaging of the uterus:The value of the coronal plane显示文摘Advent in three-dimensional(3D) imaging technology has seen 3D ultrasound establish itself as a useful adjunct complementary to traditional two-dimensional imaging of the female pelvis. This advantage largely arises from its ability to reconstruct the coronal plane of the uterus, which allows further delineation of many gynecological disorders. 3D imaging of the uterus is now the preferred imaging modality for assessing congenital uterine anomalies and intrauterine device localization. Newer indications include the diagnosis of adenomyosis. It can also add invaluable information to delineate other endometrial and myometrial pathology such as fibroids and endometrial polyps. | Lufee Wong Nikki White Jayshree Ramkrishna Edward Araujo Júnior Simon Meagher Fabricio Da Silva Costa | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，12： | 3 |
| 17 | 2008WHO骨髓增殖性肿瘤及骨髓增生异常综合征分型显示文摘2008年WHO骨髓增殖性肿瘤(MPN)/骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)分型共分成4大类,每类又分多种不同疾病. | Vardiman J W Thiele J Arber DA 俞文娟(节译) 金洁(审校) | 2010 | 国际输血及血液学杂志2010，，3： | 3 |
| 18 | Analysis of nitrate,nitrite,andnitrate in biological fluids显示文摘 | Green LC Wagner DA Glogowski J Skipper PL Wishnok JS Tannenbaum SR | 1982 | Anal Biochem1982，126，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Segregation-assisted spinodal and transient spinodal phase separation at grain boundaries显示文摘Segregation to grain boundaries affects their cohesion,corrosion,and embrittlement and plays a critical role in heterogeneous nucleation.In order to quantitatively study segregation and low-dimensional phase separation at grain boundaries,here,we apply a density-based phase-field model.The current model describes the grain-boundary thermodynamic properties based on available bulk thermodynamic data,while the grain-boundary-density profile is obtained using atomistic simulations.To benchmark the performance of the model,Mn grain-boundary segregation in the Fe–Mn system is studied.3D simulation results are compared against atom probe tomography measurements conducted for three alloy compositions.We show that a continuous increase in the alloy composition results in a discontinuous jump in the segregation isotherm.The jump corresponds to a spinodal phase separation at grain boundary.For alloy compositions above the jump,we reveal an interfacial transient spinodal phase separation.The transient spinodal phenomenon opens opportunities for knowledge-based microstructure design through the chemical manipulation of grain boundaries.The proposed density-based model provides a powerful tool to study thermodynamics and kinetics of segregation and phase changes at grain boundaries. | Reza Darvishi Kamachali Alisson Kwiatkowski da Silva Eunan McEniry Dirk Ponge Baptiste Gault Jörg Neugebauer Dierk Raabe | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Medicinal plants from open-air markets in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as a potential source of new antimycobacterial agents显示文摘 | Fernanda Leit?o Suzana G. Leit?o Mara Zélia de Almeida Jéssica Cantos Tatiane Coelho Pedro Eduardo A. da Silva | 2013 | Journal of Ethnopharmacology2013，，： | 2 |
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