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| 1 | A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns显示文摘发展史长通知了蕨类植物分类。当我们推断进化的树的能力改善了,针对认出生来的组的分类变得逐渐地预兆、稳定。这里,我们为 lycophytes 和蕨纲植物提供一个现代、全面分类,在下面,利用一条基于社区的途径类水平。我们 monophyly 用作主要标准让 taxa,而且目的识别保存两个广泛地被接受的存在 taxa 和界限并且与我们蕨类植物发展史的理解一致。总共,这个分类对待一在 337 个类, 51 个家庭, 14 目,和二个班估计了 11 916 种类。这个分类没在 lycophyte 和蕨纲植物上作为最后的词被打算分类,而是当前的假设的概括陈述,源于最好的可得到的数据并且在问题由熟悉植物的那些大多数塑造了。我们希望它将在蕨类植物上为最近的文学的那些想要的参考用作一个资源发展史和分类,为指导未来调查的一个框架,和推进讲话的刺激。 | Eric Schuettpelz Harald Schneider Alan R. Smith Peter Hovenkamp Jefferson Prado Germinal Rouhan Alexandre Salino Michael Sundue Thafs Elias Almeida Barbara Parris Emily B. Sessa Ashley R. Field Andre Luis de Gasper Carl J. Rothfels Michael D. Windham Marcus Lehnert Benjamin Dauphin Atsushi Ebihara Samuli Lehtonen Pedro Bond Schwartsburd Jordan Metzgar Li-Bing Zhang Li-Yaung Kuo Patrick J. Brownsey Masahiro Kato Marcelo Daniel Arana Francine C. Assis Michael S. Barker David S. Barrington Ho-Ming Chang Yi-Han Chang Yi-Shan Chao Cheng-Wei Chen De-Kui Chen Wen-Liang Chiou Vinicius Antonio de Oliveira Dittrich Yi-Fan Duan Jean-Yves Dubuisson Donald R. Farrar Susan Fawcett Jose Maria Gabriel y Galan Luiz Armando de Araujo Goes-Neto Jason R. Grant Amanda L. Grusz Christopher Haufler Warren Hauk Hai He Sabine Hennequin Regina Yoshie Hirai Layne Huiet Michael Kessler Petra Korall Paulo H. Labiak Anders Larsson Blanca Leen Chun-Xiang Li Fay-Wei Li Melanie Link-Perez Hong-Mei Liu Ngan Thi Lu Esteban I. Meza-Torres Xin-Yuan Miao Robbin Moran Claudine Massi Mynssens Nathalie Nagalingum Benjamin Ollgaard Alison M. Paul Jovani B. de S. Pereira Leon R. Perrie Monica Ponce Tom A. Ranker Christian Schulz Wataru Shinohara Alexander Shmakov Erin M. Sigel Filipe Soares de Souza Lana da Silva Sylvestre Weston Testo Luz Amparo Triana-Moreno Chie Tsutsumi Hanna Tuomisto IvAn A. Valdespino Alejandra Vasco Raquel Stauffer Viveros Alan Weakley Ran Wei Stina Weststrand Paul G. Wolf George Yatskievych Xiao-Gang Xu Yue-Hong Yan Liang Zhang Xian-Chun Zhang Xin-Mao Zhou | 2016 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2016，54，6： | 44 |
| 2 | Comparison of the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium显示文摘人参属人参的医药申请首先在 200 广告人参属 quinquefolium 附近在“ Shen-Nong 草药的经典著作”被发现首先在中国在 1694 在“必要 ofMateria Medica ”被介绍。活跃部件在 P 人参和 P quinquefolium 包含了的最重要的简历是人参 saponins (GS ) 。在 P quinquefolium 的人参皂甙 Rb1, Re,和 Rd 的内容比他们在 P 人参高。在 P 人参, Rg1, Rb2,和 Rc 的内容比他们在 P quinquefolium 高。P 人参有 Rg1 的更高的比率:Rb1,并且它在 P quinquefolium 是更低的。在冒热气几个小时以后,全部的 GS 将减少。然而,当其它(Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Re,和 Rg1 ) 减少时,一些人参皂甙(Rg2, 20R-Rg2, Rg3, Rh1 和 Rh2 ) 增加。然而,特别在 P quinquefolium,变化高。P 人参和 P quinquefolium 是一般补品和 adaptogens。Rg1 和 Rb1 提高中央神经系统(CNS ) 后者的活动,而是效果更弱。因此为 Rg1 的更高的内容, P 人参是兴奋剂,而 P quinquefolium 的 Rb1 内容主要正在安静到 CNS。从 P 人参的 Re, Rg1, panaxan A 和 B 对糖尿病好。而 Rb1, Rg3 和 Rh2 禁止它, Re 和 Rg1 提高 angiogenesis。Rh2,一个反肿瘤代理人,能被冒热气从 Rb1 获得。在 P quinquefolium 的 Re 的内容比在到 3-4 时间的 P 人参高。Re 的 vasorelax,抗氧化剂, antihyperlipidemic,和 angiogenic 效果被报导。因此,为 CNS “热”,创伤愈合和血糖过低的效果, P 人参比 P quinquefolium 好。为 antican-cer 效果, P quinquefolium 更好。 | Chieh-fu CHEN Wen-fei CHIOU Jun-tian ZHANG | 2008 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2008，29，9： | 38 |
| 3 | Water solubility enhancements of pyrene by single and mixed surfactant solutions显示文摘Water solubility enhancements of pyrene by both single surfactant and mixed surfactant solutions were compared and evaluated. The solubility of pyrene in water was greatly enhanced by each of Triton X 100 (TX100), Triton X 405 (TX405), Brij 35 and SDS, in which the water solubility enhancements increased with increasing surfactant concentrations. The extent of solubility enhancements at surfactant concentrations below the CMC is the order of TX100>Brij 35>TX405>SDS; the sequence at surfactant concentrations above the CMC is TX100>Brij 35>SDS>TX405. Pyrene was solubilized synergistically by anionic nonionic mixed surfactant solutions, especially at low surfactant concentrations. The synergistic power of the mixed surfactants is SDS TX405>SDS Brij 35>SDS TX100. The synergism as noted is attributed to increasing Kmc and/or decreasing the CMC of the mixed surfactant solution. For SDS TX405 and SDS Brij 35 mixed surfactant solutions, an increase in Kmc is coupled with a decrease in the CMC; for SDS TX100, only a decreased in the CMC value is noted. Mixed surfactant solutions may improve the performance of the surfactant enhanced remediation (SER) of soils by increasing the bioavailability and biodegradation of non aqueous phase organic pollutants and reducing the level of surfactant pollution and remediation expenses. | Zhu, L.-z. Chiou, C.T. | 2001 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2001，13，4： | 30 |
| 4 | Efficacy and safety of thalidomide in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To evaluate which patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are most likely to respond to thalidomide treatment. METHODS: From July 2002 to July 2004, patients with HCC who received thalidomide treatment, were enrolled. We extracted relevant data from the patients’ medical records, including history and type of hepatitis, comorbidity, serum α-fetoprotein (α-FP) level, volumetric changes in tumor, length of survival, and the dose, duration, side effects of thalidomide treatment. The tumor response was evaluated. On the basis of these data, the patients were divided into two groups: those with either partial response or stable disease (PR + SD group) and those with progressive disease (PD group). RESULTS: Two of 42 (5%) patients had a partial tumor response after treatment with thalidomide, 200 mg/d, and 9 (21%) had stable disease. Patients in the PR + SD group all had cirrhosis. Comparing patients with and without cirrhosis, the former were more likely to respond to thalidomide therapy (PR + SD: 100% vs PD: 64.5%, P = 0.041 < 0.05). Thalidomide was significantly more likely to be effective in tumors smaller than 5 cm (PR + SD: 63.6% vs PD: 25.8%, P = 0.034 < 0.05). Compared with patients with progressive disease (PD), patients in the PR + SD group had a higher total dose of thalidomide (13 669.4 ± 8446.0 mg vs 22 022.7 ± 11 461.4 mg, P = 0.023 < 0.05) and a longer survival (181.0 ± 107.1 d vs 304.4 ± 167.1 d, P = 0.047 < 0.05). Patients with comorbid disease had a significantly greater incidence of adverse reactions than those without (93.8% vs 60.0%, P = 0.021 < 0.05). The average number of adverse reactions in each person with a comorbid condition was twice as high as in those without other diseases (2.2 ± 1.3 vs 1.1 ± 1.2; P = 0.022 < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Thalidomide therapy is most likely to beeffective in patients with early stage small HCC, espe- cially in those with other underlying diseases. A low dose (200 mg/d) of thalidomide is recommended to continue the treatment long enough to make it more effective. | Hsueh-Erh Chiou Tsang-En Wang Ying-Yue Wang Hui-Wen Liu | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，43： | 21 |
| 5 | Unusual gastric tumors and tumor-like lesions: Radiological with pathological correlation and literature review显示文摘Although gastric tumors have overlapping radiologic appearances, some unusual tumors may present specific imaging features. Using multidetector computed tomography(MDCT), with water as a negative oral contrast agent and intravenous contrast medium, can provide critical information for the diagnosis of gastric diseases. In addition, MDCT can evaluate the involvement of the gastric wall and extragastric extent of the disease, as compared with gastroenteroscopy and double-contrast upper gastrointestinal study. Regarding lesion location and size, enhancing and growth patterns, presence of calcification or fat, and involvement of the gastric wall and adjacent structures, CT may provide useful information. In this review article, we review the relevant literature and discuss the CT features and the histopathologic findings of different types of gastric lesions. The lesions are divided into benign(glomus tumors, schwannomas, leiomyomas, and lipomas), malignant(gastrointestinal stromal tumors, mucinous carcinomas, lymphomas, and carcinoid tumors), and tumor-like lesions(ectopic pancreas and bezoar). Familiarity with imaging appearances and pathologic findings can help physicians make an accurate diagnosis. | Yuan-Mao Lin Nai-Chi Chiu Anna Fen-Yao Li Chien-An Liu Yi-Hong Chou Yi-You Chiou | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，14： | 17 |
| 6 | Characterization of pancreatic stem cells derived from adult human pancreas ducts by fluorescence activated cell sorting显示文摘瞄准:用没有浆液的、调节媒介从胰管的人的成年纸巾孤立通常认为的胰腺的干细胞(PSC ) 。这些 PSC 的表面显型的描述被流动血细胞计数分析。为胰腺的系和在这些 PSC 的贝它房间区别的能力的潜力也被评估。方法:由使用与必要生长因素补充的没有浆液的媒介,我们试图孤立被报导了表示巢在的通常认为的 PSC 和 pdx-1。Matrigel (TM ) 被采用评估孤立的房间的微分能力。染色的染色的双硫腙,胰岛素内容 / 分泌物测量,和免疫组织化学被用来监视区别。荧光(FACS ) 激活的房间排序被用来检测通常认为的 PSC 的表型的标记。结果:像锭子的房间的单层被栽培。通常认为的 PSC 表示了 pdx-1 和巢在里面。他们也能区分进胰岛素 -- , glucagon- ,和 somatostatin 积极的房间。在 PSC 的表型的标记的光谱被调查;当用人的骨头导出髓的干细胞作为比较级试验时,类似被揭示,例如 CD29, CD44, CD49,半数治愈量, CD51, CD62E, PDGFR-alpha, CD73 (SH2 ) , CD81, CD105 (SH3 ) 。结论:在这研究,我们成功地由使用没有浆液的媒介从成年的人的胰腺的管孤立 PSC。这些 PSC 不仅表示的巢在和 pdx-1 而且对间充质的干细胞可归因的展出标记。尽管工作被需要阐明这些房间的角色,这些 PSC 的申请可能是为糖尿病的治疗学的策略。 | Han-Tso Lin Shih-Hwa Chiou Chung-Lan Kao Yi-Ming Shyr Chien-Jen Hsu Yin-Wen Tarng Larry L-T Ho Ching-Fai Kwok Hung-Hai Ku | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，28： | 15 |
| 7 | High-level disinfection of gastrointestinal endoscope reprocessing显示文摘High level disinfection(HLD) of the gastrointestinal(GI)endoscope is not simply a slogan, but rather is a form of experimental monitoring-based medicine. By definition,GI endoscopy is a semicritical medical device. Hence,such medical devices require major quality assurance for disinfection. And because many of these items are temperature sensitive, low-temperature chemical methods, such as liquid chemical germicide, must be used rather than steam sterilization. In summarizing guidelines for infection prevention and control for GI endoscopy, there are three important steps that must be highlighted: manual washing, HLD with automated endoscope reprocessor, and drying. Strict adherence to current guidelines is required because compared to any other medical device, the GI endoscope is associated with more outbreaks linked to inadequate cleaning or disinfecting during HLD. Both experimental evaluation on the surveillance bacterial cultures and in-use clinical results have shown that, the monitoring of the stringent processes to prevent and control infection is an essential component of the broader strategy to ensure the delivery of safe endoscopy services, because endoscope reprocessing is a multistep procedure involving numerous factors that can interfere with its efficacy. Based on our years of experience in the surveillance of culture monitoring of endoscopic reprocessing, we aim in this study to carefully describe what details require attention in the GI endoscopy disinfection and to share our experience so that patients can be provided with high quality and safe medical practices. Quality management encompasses all aspects of pre- and postprocedural care including the efficiency of the endoscopy unit and reprocessing area, as well as the endoscopic procedure itself. | King-Wah Chiu Lung-Sheng Lu Shue-Shian Chiou | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，1： | 13 |
| 8 | Predictors of rebleeding after initial hemostasis with epinephrine injection in high-risk ulcers显示文摘AIM: To identify the predictors of rebleeding after initial hemostasis with epinephrine injection (EI) in patients with high-risk ulcers. METHODS: Recent studies have revealed that endoscopic thermocoagulation, or clips alone or combined with EI are superior to EI alone to arrest ulcer bleeding. However, the reality is that EI monotherapy is still common in clinical practice. From October 2006 to April 2008, high-risk ulcer patients in whom hemorrhage was stopped after EI monotherapy were studied using clinical, laboratory and endoscopic variables. The patients were divided into 2 groups: sustained hemostasis and rebleeding. RESULTS: A total of 175 patients (144, sustainedhemostasis; 31, rebleeding) were enrolled. Univariate analysis revealed that older age (≥ 60 years), advanced American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) status (category Ⅲ , Ⅳ and Ⅴ ), shock, severe anemia (hemoglobin < 80 g/L), EI dose ≥ 12 mL and severe bleeding signs (SBS) including hematemesis or hematochezia were the factors which predicted rebleeding. However, only older age, severe anemia, high EI dose and SBS were independent predictors. Among 31 rebleeding patients, 10 (32.2%) underwent surgical hemostasis, 15 (48.4%) suffered from delayed hemostasis causing major complications and 13 (41.9%) died of these complications. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic EI monotherapy in patients with high-risk ulcers should be avoided. Initial hemostasis with thermocoagulation, clips or additional hemostasis after EI is mandatory for such patients to ensure better hemostatic status and to prevent subsequent rebleeding, surgery, morbidity and mortality. | Ming-Luen Hu King-Wah Chiu Yi-Chun Chiu Yeh-Pin Chou Tsung-Hui Hu Shue-Shian Chiou Seng-Kee Chuah | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，43： | 12 |
| 9 | Clinical proteomics identifies potential biomarkers in Helicobacter pylori for gastrointestinal diseases显示文摘The development of gastrointestinal diseases has been found to be associated with Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection and various biochemical stresses in stomach and intestine. These stresses, such as oxidative, osmotic and acid stresses, may bring about bidirectional effects on both hosts and H. pylori, leading to changes of protein expression in their proteomes. Therefore, proteins differentially expressed in H. pylori under various stresses not only reflect gastrointestinal environment but also provide useful biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In this regard, proteomic technology is an ideal tool to identify potential biomarkers as it can systematically monitor proteins and protein variation on a large scale of cell's translational landscape, permitting in-depth analyses of host and pathogen interactions. By performing twodimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(2-DE) followed by liquid chromatography-nanoESI-mass spectrometry(nanoLC-MS/MS), we have successfully pinpointed alkylhydroperoxide reductase(AhpC), neutrophil-activating protein and non-heme iron-binding ferritin as three prospective biomarkers showing upregulation in H. pylori under oxidative, osmotic and acid stresses, respectively. Further biochemical characterization reveals that various environmental stresses can induce protein structure change and functional conversion in the identified biomarkers. Especially salient is the antioxidant enzyme AhpC, an abundant antioxidant protein present in H. pylori. It switches from a peroxide reductase of low-molecular-weight(LMW) oligomers to a molecular chaperone of high-molecular-weight(HMW) complexes under oxidative stress. Different seropositivy responses against LMW or HMW AhpC in H. pylori-infected patients faithfully match the disease progression from disease-free healthy persons to patients with gastric ulcer and cancer. These results has established AhpC of H. pylori as a promising diagnostic marker for gastrointestinal maladies, and highlight the utility of clinical proteomics for identifying disease biomarkers that can be uniquely applied to disease-oriented translational medicine. | Chun-Hao Huang Shyh-Horng Chiou | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，6： | 10 |
| 10 | Enhancement of insulin-producing cell differentiation from embryonic stem cells using pax4-nucleofection method显示文摘AIM: To enhance the differentiation of insulin producing cell (IPC) ability from embryonic stem (ES) cells in vitro. METHODS: Four-day embryoid body (EB)-formatted ES cells were dissociated as single cells for the followed plasmid DNA delivery. The use of NucleofectorTM electroporator (Amaxa biosystems, Germany) in combination with medium-contained G418 provided a high efficiency of gene delivery for advanced selection. Neucleofected cells were plated on the top of fibronectincoated Petri dishes. Addition of Ly294002 and raised the glucose in medium at 24 h before examination.The differentiation status of these cells was monitored by semi-quantitative PCR (SQ-PCR) detection of the expression of relative genes, such as oct-4, sox-17, foxa2, mixl1, pdx-1, insulin 1, glucagons and somatostatin. The percentage of IPC population on d 18 of the experiment was investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the content/secretion of insulin was estimated by ELISA assay. The mice with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) pretreated with streptozotocin (STZ) were used to eliminate plasma glucose restoration after pax4+ ES implantation. RESULTS: A high efficiency of gene delivery was demonstrated when neucleofection was used in the present study; approximately 70% cells showed DsRed expression 2 d after neucleofection. By selection of medium-contained G418, the percentage of DsRed expressing cells kept high till the end of study. The pancreatic differentiation seemed to be accelerated by pax4 nucleofection. When compared to the group of cells with mock control, foxa2, mixl1, pdx1, higher insulin and somatostatin levels were detected by SQ-PCR 4 d after nucleofection in the group of pax4 expressing plasmid delivery. Approximately 55% of neucleofected cells showed insulin expression 18 d after neucleofection, and only 18% of cells showed insulin expression in mock control. The disturbance was shown by nucleofected pax4 RNAi vector; only 8% of cells expressed insulin 18 d after nucleofection. A higher IPC population was also detected in the insulin content by ELISA assay, and the glucose dependency was demonstrated in insulin secretion level. In the animal model, improvement of average plasma glucose concentration was observed in the group of pax-4 expressed ES of SCID mice pretreated with STZ, but no significant difference was observed in the group of STZ-pretreated SCID mice who were transplanted ES with mock plasmid. CONCLUSION: Enhancement of IPC differentiation from EB-dissociated ES cells can be revealed by simply using pax4 expressing plasmid delivery. Not only more IPCs but also pancreatic differentiation-related genes can be detected by SQ-PCR. Expression of relative genes, such as foxa 2, mixl 1, pdx-1, insulin 1 and somatostatin after nucleofection, suggests that pax4 accelerates the whole differentiation progress. The higher insulin production with glucose dependent modulation suggests that pax4 expression can drive more mature IPCs. Although further determination of the entire mechanism is required, thepotential of pax-4-nucleofected cells in medical treatment is promising. | Han-Tso Lin Chung-Lan Kao Kun-Hsiung Lee Yuh-Lih Chang Shih-Hwa Chiou Fu-Ting Tsai Tung-Hu Tsai Dey-Chyi Sheu Larry LT Ho Hung-Hai Ku | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，11： | 10 |
| 11 | Relationship between severity of venous calcifications and symptoms of phlebosclerotic colitis显示文摘AIM: To examine the correlation between the severity of venous calcifications and the clinical symptoms of phlebosclerotic colitis.METHODS: This was a retrospective study.The data,including the numbers of episodes of active disease,were collected from the medical records at Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Wei Gong Memorial Hospital in Taiwan between January 2005 and December 2014.All computed tomography images with or without contrast enhancement were obtained using a multiple detector computed tomography scanner.The scanning range reached from the dome of the diaphragm to the pelvis.The severity of calcification at the tributaries of the portal vein was measured using a four-grade scoring system of the calcification of phlebosclerotic colitis.The episodes of active disease were defined as symptoms of fever,abdominal pain,severe constipation,bowel obstruction,vomiting or diarrhea based on a review of the medical records.Spearman's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the numbers of episodes of active disease and the severity of the calcification of the mesenteric veins.RESULTS: More than 3000 cases were reviewed from 2005 to 2014,and a total of 12 patients from Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Wei Gong Memorial Hospital were enrolled according to our inclusion criteria.Among these 12 patients,the mean age of the six males and the six females was 61.8 ± 11.5 years.All patients exhibited typical imaging characteristics,consisting of threadlike calcifications and colonic wall thickening in the standard radiographs and calcifications along the colonic and mesenteric vessels or associated with colonic wall thickening and adjacent fat stranding in the computed tomography images.The median score of the severity of the venous calcifications was 18 ± 13,and the median number of active disease episodes was 1 ± 1.75.Spearman's correlation analysis revealed that the number of episodes of active phlebosclerotic colitis disease significantly positively correlated with the severity of the calcification of the mesenteric veins(r = 0.619,P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The extent of mesenteric venous calcification is strongly associated with the number of episodes of active disease among patients with phlebosclerotic colitis. | Tsung-Shuo Yen Chien-An Liu Nai-Chi Chiu Yi-You Chiou Yi-Hong Chou Cheng-Yen Chang | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，26： | 8 |
| 12 | Effect of Quercetin on Formation of Choroidal Neovascularization (CNV) in Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)显示文摘Purpose:Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)as a disease entity is 'dry' at early stage and made up of two main components at late stage:atrophic AMD and exudative AMD.Quercetin acts as an anti-oxidant to protect retinal pigment epithelial cells(RPE)from damaged by oxidative stress,but its effect on formation of choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in AMD is unclear.The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of quercetin on the formation of CNV in AMD.Methods:The development of CNV induced by laser was detected.by fluorescein angiography(FA).Colored microsphere technique was used to determine the choroidal blood flow in ocular hypertensive rabbit eyes.In in vitro studies,HUVECs were treated with NaIO3,H2O2 and NaN3 to induce oxidative cell damages.The effect of quercetin on various oxidations-induced injuries in HUVECs was measured by MTT assay.HUVECs migration was assessed using a wound healing assay.Results:Quercetin significantly inhibited the formation of laser-induced CNV.The choroidal blood flow in rabbit eyes was significantly increased after quercetin instillation.In vitro results showed quercetin enhanced various oxidations-induced injuries in HUVECs and inhibited migration of HUVECs during wound healing.Conclusion:Quercetin inhibited the formation of CNV both in vivo and in vitro and increased choroidal blood flow.It could become a promising candidate for the treatment of AMD. | George C.Y. Chiou | 2011 | Eye Science2011，26，1： | 7 |
| 13 | Rapid testing methods for food contaminants and toxicants显示文摘Food safety is one of the major concerns in every country regardless of the economic and social development. The frequent occurrence of food scandals in the world has led the Chinese government to implement several strategies to fortify the food supply system to a high food safety standard. This relies heavily on laboratory testing services but conventional methods for detection of food contaminants and toxicants are limited by sophisticated sample preparation procedures,long analysis time,large instruments and professional personnel to meet the increasing demands. In this review,we have incorporated most of the current and potential rapid detection methods for many notorious food contaminants and toxicants including microbial agents,toxic ions,pesticides,veterinary drugs and preservatives,as well as detection of genetically modified food genes and adulterated edible oil. Development of rapid,accurate,easy-to-use and affordable testing methods could urge food handlers and the public to actively screen for food contaminants and toxicants instead of passively relying on monitoring by the government examination facility. This review also provides several recommendations including how to encourage the public to engage in the food safety management system and provide optimal education and financial assistance that may improve the current Chinese food safety control system. | Jiachi Chiou Arthur Ho Hon Leung Hang Wai Lee Wing-tak Wong | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，11： | 6 |
| 14 | Randomized Controlled Trial of Entecavir Prophylaxis for Rituximab-Associated Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Patients With Lymphoma and Resolved Hepatitis B显示文摘 | Yi-Hsiang Huang Liang-Tsai Hsiao Ying-Chung Hong Tzeon-Jye Chiou Yuan-Bin Yu Jyh-Pyng Gau Chun-Yu Liu Muh-Hwa Yang Cheng-Hwai Tzeng Pui-Ching Lee Han-Chieh Lin Shou-Dong Lee | 2013 | Journal of Clinical Oncology2013，，22： | 6 |
| 15 | Tetramethylpyrazine在视网膜色素上皮细胞变性及脉络膜血流和RPE细胞氧化应激中的作用(英文)显示文摘目的:研究1%Tetramethylpyrazine(TMP)在视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE)变性,脉络膜血流和RPE细胞氧化应激中的作用。方法:在碘酸钠诱导的大鼠RPE变性研究中,1%TMP滴眼液预先处理1wk,3次/d,1wk后予碘酸钠舌下静脉注射,在2wk和4wk末,视网膜电图(ERG)测量c波。色素微球体技术分析高眼压状态下TMP对脉络膜血流的影响。Methylthiazoltetrazolium(MTT)分析TMP在各种氧化应激中对RPE的保护作用。结果:碘酸钠注射后2wk,碘酸钠组ERG的c波下降至对照组的36%(P<0.01)。4wk后,碘酸钠组下降至对照组的46%(P<0.01),而1%TMP+碘酸钠组下降至对照组的77%(P<0.01)。与碘酸钠组比较,1%TMP+碘酸钠组控制了67%的c波下降(P<0.05)。在脉络膜血流的测量中,30,60,和120min的结果显示,TMP显著增加脉络膜血流。在氧化应激部分,不同浓度的TMP在各种氧化应激损伤中,对RPE都有各种程度的保护作用。结论:浓度为1%Tetramethylpyrazine可以显著保护碘酸钠和氧化应激诱导的RPE变性,增加脉络膜血流,并可能在AMD的治疗中发挥作用。 | 沈轶 庄沛 林宝琴 张婉玉 George C Y Chiou | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，10： | 6 |
| 16 | Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B显示文摘 | Yao-Shih Hsu Rong-Nan Chien Chau-Ting Yeh I-Shyan Sheen Hung-Yi Chiou Chia-Ming Chu Yun-Fan Liaw | 2002 | Hepatology2002，，6： | 6 |
| 17 | Upper gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors incidentally found by endoscopic examinations显示文摘AIM: This study shares Asian clinical experiences of carcinoid tumors that originated in the upper gastrointestinal tract.METHODS: From May 1987 to June 2002, we had found only 13 cases of histologically confirmed carcinoid tumors in the upper gastrointestinal tract by endoscopic examinations. There were eight males and five females.The mean age was 53.16±20.51 years that ranged from 26 to 82 years. Each of their clinical presentations,locations, tumor morphology, and size and the treatment outcome were analyzed and discussed.RESULTS: One patient had a polypoid lesion at the lower esophagus, nine were stomach lesions and three located at the duodenum. All patients with polypoid and submucosal tumor types were of small size (<1.7 cm) and all patients survived after simple excision or polypectomy.Four of the five patients in tumor mass forms died and the tumors were more than 2.0 cm in size.CONCLUSION: Carcinoid tumors rarely originated from the upper gastrointestinal tract and are usually found accidentally after endoscopic study. Bigger size (more than 2 cm) tumor masses may indicate a more severe disease and poor prognosis. | Tsung-Hui Hu Chung-Mou Kuo King-Wah Chiu Chung-Huang Kuo Keng-Liang Wu Yeh-Pin Chou Sheng-Nan Lu Shue-Shian Chiou Chi-Sin Changchien Hock-Liew Eng | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 5 |
| 18 | Role of modern radiotherapy in managing patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of primary liver cancer.Several treatment options are available for managing HCC patients,classified roughly as local,local-regional,and systemic therapies.The high postmonotherapy recurrence rate of HCC urges the need for the use of combined modalities to increase tumor control and patient survival.Different international guidelines offer treatment recommendations based on different points of view and classification systems.Radiotherapy(RT)is a well-known local-regional treatment modality for managing many types of cancers,including HCC.However,only some of these treatment guidelines include RT,and the role of combined modalities is rarely mentioned.Hence,the present study reviewed clinical evidence for the use of different combined modalities in managing HCC,focusing on modern RT's role.Modern RT has an increased utility in managing HCC patients,mainly due to two driving forces.First,technological advancement(e.g.,stereotactic body radiotherapy and advanced proton-beam therapy)enables precise delivery of radiation to increase tumor control and reduce side effects in the surrounding normal tissue.Second,the boom in developing target therapies and checkpoint-blockade immunotherapy prolongs overall survival in HCC patients,re-emphasizing the importance of local tumor control.Remarkably,RT combines with systemic therapies to generate the systemic therapy augmented by radiotherapy effect,a benefit now being actively investigated. | Liang-Cheng Chen Hon-Yi Lin Shih-Kai Hung Wen-Yen Chiou Moon-Sing Lee | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，20： | 5 |
| 19 | Lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma:A mimic of hepatocellular carcinoma on imaging features显示文摘Primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma in the liver is extremely rare. A few cases of lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma have been reported, but few radiologic features were described. We reviewed 23 cases of lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma reported between 1996 and 2014 and describe a rare case of a 35-year-old woman in our hospital who was diagnosed with lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma of the liver and was a hepatitis B carrier. The tumor(1.6 cm) in our patient appeared to be hypoechoic in sonographic images and hypodense in computed tomography(CT) images. In addition, it was homogeneous hypointense in T1-weighted magnetic resonance(MR) images(MRI) and hyperintense in T2-weighted MRI. Dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MRI showed typical image pattern of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). The patient underwent a laparoscopic left hepatic lobectomy, and the resected tumor consisted of well-differentiated glandular cells with extensive lymphocytic infiltration that were immunoreactive to CK(AE1/AE3), CD3, and CD20. In addition, the tumor was positive for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization. Finally, lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma was diagnosed. In previous studies, the incidence is highest among middle-aged people. Most tumors appeared to be hypodense with either hypovascular or hypervascular patterns in CT images. This case report is the first study to address sonography, CT, and MRI observations and delineate pathologic correlations. We suggest that the imaging pattern of lymphoepithelioma-like cholangiocarcinoma, either the typical cholangiocarcinoma pattern or a mimic of HCC, should be considered in the differential lists for HCC. | Tsan-Chieh Liao Chien-An Liu Nai-Chi Chiu Yi-Chen Yeh Yi-You Chiou | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，13： | 5 |
| 20 | Naringenin在碘酸钠诱导的视网膜色素上皮细胞变性和激光诱导的脉络膜新生血管鼠模型中的作用(英文)显示文摘目的:研究naringenin滴眼对碘酸钠诱导的大鼠视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelium,RPE)变性以及对激光诱导的脉络膜新生血管(choroidal neovascularization,CNV)的作用。方法:10g/Lnaringenin滴眼液预先处理1wk(3次/d),1wk后予35mg/kg碘酸钠舌下静脉注射诱导大鼠RPE变性,在2wk和4wk末,视网膜电图(electroretinogram,ERG)测量C波。另预处理1wk(3次/d),在2wk和4wk末用荧光素血管造影(fluorescein angiography,FA)和荧光显微镜测量CNV面积。结果:碘酸钠注射后2wk,碘酸钠组ERG的C波下降至对照组的53%(P<0.01)。而naringenin+碘酸钠组则无明显变化。4wk后,碘酸钠组下降至对照组的37%(P<0.01),而naringenin+碘酸钠组下降至对照组的57%(P<0.01)。与碘酸钠组比较,naringenin+碘酸钠组控制了66%的C波下降(P<0.05)。35mg/kgnaringenin组FA测量的CNV面积2,4wk末分别是对照组的53%和49%(P<0.01)。4wk后naringenin组荧光显微镜测量的CNV面积是对照组的47%(P<0.01)。结论:10g/Lnaringenin可以显著保护碘酸钠诱导的RPE变性,也能减小CNV的形成。 | 沈轶 张婉玉 George C Y Chiou | 2010 | 国际眼科杂志2010，10，1： | 5 |
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