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| 1 | AGNP精神科治疗药物监测共识指南:2011显示文摘治疗药物监测(Therapeutic drug monitoring,TDM),如通过定量测定血清或血浆药物浓度指导用药剂量优化,已经成为对患者进行精神药物治疗的很有价值的工具。在患者用药依从性难以判断、药物耐受性不佳、治疗剂量下无效以及可能存在药代动力学药物-药物相互作用等情况下,测定药物浓度是很有用的。在精神科,有可能明显获益于TDM的主要患者群体包括儿童、孕妇、老年患者、智力障碍患者、涉及司法的患者、已知或怀疑携带药代动力学相关基因变异的患者,以及合并躯体疾病影响药代动力学的患者。然而,只有将TDM充分整合到临床治疗过程中去,才能发挥其优化药物治疗的潜在优势。为了促进TDM的合理应用,神经精神药理学与药物精神病学协会(Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Neuropsychopharmakologie und Pharmakopsychiatrie,AGNP)的TDM专家组在2004年发表了精神药物治疗药物监测指南。之后,随着知识不断更新,又有许多可能需要进行TDM的新药上市。因此,本次更新将神经精神药物的种类扩展到了128种,并将其TDM必要性划分为从'强烈推荐'到'可能有用'的四个等级。经过大量细致且全面的文献检索与分门别类的汇总整理,将基于循证医学理念的'治疗参考浓度范围'和'剂量相关参考浓度范围'呈现给大家。本共识指南引入了'实验室警戒浓度'的新概念,即实验室需要马上告知治疗医生的药物浓度上限。本共识指南还给出了诸如药物作为细胞色素P450酶的底物和抑制剂的性质,代谢物与母药浓度比值的常见范围,以及与结果解释相关的内容,还提供了何时将TDM与遗传药理学检测相结合的建议。遵循本指南,有助于改善许多患者精神药物治疗的效果,特别是那些存在药代动力学异常的患者。TDM是一门交叉学科,有时针对看起来不一致的数据,需要多学科坦诚地讨论,只有这样,患者才能从这种合作中获益。 | Hiemke C Baumann P Bergemann N Conca A Dietmaier O Egberts K Fric M Gerlach M Greiner C Gründer G Haen E Havemann-Reinecke U Jaquenoud Sirot E Kirchherr H Laux G Lutz UC Messer T Müller MJ Pfuhlmann B Rambeck B Riederer P Schoppek B Stingl J Uhr M Ulrich S Waschgler R Zernig G 李文标(译) 果伟(译) 阮灿军(译) 贺静(译) 汤宜朗(审校) 王传跃(审校) | 2016 | 实用药物与临床2016，19，10： | 37 |
| 2 | Prognostic significance of tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy:Novel insights and future perspectives in gastric cancer显示文摘Despite a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, the development of novel biologic agents and combined therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of gastric cancer remains poor. Recently, the introduction of modern immunotherapy, especially using immune checkpoint inhibitors, led to an improved prognosis in many cancers. The use of immunotherapy was also associated with manageable adverse event profiles and promising results in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer, especially in heavily pretreated patients. These data have led to an accelerated approval of some checkpoint inhibitors in this setting. Understanding the complex relationship between the host immune microenvironment and tumor and the immune escape phenomenon leading to cancer occurrence and progression will subsequently lead to the identification of prognostic immune markers. Furthermore, this understanding will result in the discovery of both new mechanisms for blocking tumor immunosuppressive signals and pathways to stimulate the local immune response by targeting and modulating different subsets of immune cells. Due to the molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancers associated with differentclinico-biologic parameters, immune markers expression and prognosis, novel immunotherapy algorithms should be personalized and addressed to selected subsets of gastric tumors, which have been proven to elicit the best clinical responses. Future perspectives in the treatment of gastric cancer include tailored dual immunotherapies or a combination of immunotherapy with other targeted agents with synergistic antitumor effects. | Daniela Cornelia Lazǎr Mihaela Flavia Avram Ioan Romosan Mǎrioara Cornianu Sorina Tǎan Adrian Goldis | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，32： | 24 |
| 3 | 下肢浅静脉治疗术后的加压疗法:美国静脉论坛血管、外科学会、美国静脉学会、血管医学学会和国际静脉联盟的临床实践指南显示文摘一、指南的由来下肢浅静脉治疗术后应用压力治疗的方式是几代血管外科医师多年临床经验积累所得,现主要应用于大隐静脉剥脱术、下肢静脉点状剥脱术及静脉硬化治疗等。目前单就静脉硬化治疗而言,术后压力治疗的推荐也是基于相关文献及实验验证[1],但对于其他术式,尤其是对于大隐静脉的热消融术,目前还没有形成规范统一的建议,这也使得当前的压力治疗具有很大的临床差异性。 | Lurie F Lal BK Antignani PL Blebea J Bush R Caprini J Davies A Forrestal M Jacobowitz G Kalodiki E Killewich L Lohr J Ma H Mosti G Partsch H Rooke T Wakefield T 李丹(译) 陈程浩(译) 牛传强(译) 张靖(译) 黄建忠(译) | 2020 | 中华介入放射学电子杂志2020，8，4： | 16 |
| 4 | EFNS的神经病理性痛药物治疗指南:2010修订显示文摘背景和目的欧洲神经病学协会联盟第2届工作组的目的是对2005年以来的关于神经病理性痛的药物治疗证据进行更新。方法使用Cochrane数据库和Medline选择相关研究,并根据病因学对研究分类。所有Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类随机对照研究(RCTs)均入选,低级别研究仅在没有高级别研究的情况下入选。考虑到对门诊患者治疗的可行性,只选择单药治疗或重复给药的研究。结果多数大型RCT的研究对象是糖尿病性多发性神经病和疱疹后神经痛的患者,越来越多的小型研究则对其他病因导致的神经病理性痛的治疗进行了探索。总体而言,药物治疗在除三叉神经痛、慢性神经根病和人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)神经病以外的各种病因中疗效相当,A级证据支持下列药物用于治疗神经病理性痛:三环类抗抑郁剂(TCA)、普瑞巴林、加巴喷丁、曲马多和阿片类(在不同情况下)、度洛西汀、文拉法辛、局部利多卡因和辣椒素贴剂(在限定的情况下)。联合用药有效仅见于TCA与加巴喷丁、加巴喷丁与阿片类(A级证据)。结论目前仍然缺乏大型的对比研究。我们建议今后的研究使用标准化工具对共病情况、生活质量、临床症状和体征进行评估,并致力于更好地确定对特定药物治疗的反应情况。 | 李建萍 李颖 林智 李焰生 Attal N Cruccua G Barona R Haanpa M Hanssona P Jensena S Nurmikk T | 2012 | 神经病学与神经康复学杂志2012，9，1： | 14 |
| 5 | 内脏脂肪组织通过产生骨桥蛋白调控成纤维细胞衰老促进心脏衰老显示文摘老化通过增加包括骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)在内的细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)蛋白的沉积引起心脏结构和功能改变进而导致进行性间质纤维化。虽然已知OPN参与各种病理状况,但其在心肌衰老中的作用仍不清楚。 | Sawaki D Czibik G Pini M Ternacle J Suffee N Mercedes R Marcelin G Surenaud M Marcos E Gual P Clément K Hue S Adnot S Hatem SN Tsuchimochi I Yoshimitsu T Hénégar C Derumeaux G 刘青 叶鹏 | 2018 | 中华高血压杂志2018，26，3： | 14 |
| 6 | 绕正方形排列的顺排的四个圆柱的流动研究显示文摘本文通过采用激光诱导荧关技术(LIF),对按正方形排列、边长间距比为4的顺排的四个圆柱的层流绕流进行了流动可视化研究;同时,在Re=200的情况下,对该流场进行了PIV流场测量,两种实验结果吻合良好,显示的都是只在下游圆柱的后面才有漩涡脱落。可是,采用两维有限体积法离散N-S方程计算该流场与实验结果完全不符合,原因尚不清楚。 | 李景银 K Lam K T Chan R M C So | 2004 | 工程热物理学报2004，25，1： | 14 |
| 7 | 血浆亲环蛋白A水平对冠状动脉疾病患者预后的影响显示文摘氧化应激状态下,血管平滑肌细胞、炎症细胞分泌亲环蛋白A(cyclophilin A,CyPA),并激活血小板功能。最近研究表明,血浆CyPA水平是诊断冠状动脉疾病的新型生物标志物。血浆CyPA水平对这些患者的预后是否有影响仍未阐明。方法:连续纳入接受诊断性冠状动脉造影的患者511例,测定血浆CyPA水平、高敏C反应蛋白(high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,hsCRP)和血浆脑钠尿肽水平, | Ohtsuki T Satoh K Omura J Kikuchi N Satoh T Kurosawa R Nogi M Sunamura S Yaoita N Aoki T Tatebe S Sugimura K Takahashi J Miyata S Shimokawa H 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，2： | 9 |
| 8 | Alcohol dehydrogenase: A potential new marker for diagnosis of intestinal ischemia using rat as a model显示文摘AIM: Intestinal ischemia (Ii) is an abdominal emergency due to blockade of the superior mesenteric artery resulting in 60-100% mortality if diagnosed late. Changes in several biochemical parameters such as D (-)-lactate, Creatinine kinase isoenzymes and lactate dehydrogenase suggested for early diagnosis, lack specificity and sensitivity. Therefore a biochemical parameter with greater sensitivity needs to be identified.METHODS: Wistar male rats were randomly assigned into two groups; control sham operated (n = 24) and ischemic test (n = 24) group. Superior mesenteric arterial occlusion was performed in the ischemic test group for 1 h. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was estimated in blood from portal vein, right ventricle of heart, dorsal aorta (DA) and inferior vena cava (IVC). The Serum glutamic acid pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) was also estimated in blood from portal vein and right ventricle of heart.RESULTS: A significant increase (P<0.001) in the levels of ADH in both portal blood as well as heart blood of the test group (232.72±99.45 EU and 250.85±95.14 EU, respectively)as compared to the control group (46.39±21.69 EU and 65.38±30.55 EU, respectively) were observed. Similarly,increased levels of ADH were observed in blood samples withdrawn from DA and IVC in test animals (319.52±80.14EU and 363.90±120.68 EU, respectively) as compared to the control group (67.68±63.22 EU and 72.50±58.45 EU,respectively). However, in test animals there was significant increase in SGPT in portal blood (P = 0.054) without much increase in heart blood.CONCLUSION: Significant increase in the levels of ADH in portal and heart blood within 1 h of SMA occlusion without increase in SGPT in heart blood, suggests that the origin of ADH is from ischemic intestine and not from liver. Similarly, raised ADH levels were found in DA and IVC as well. IVC blood does represent peripheral blood sample. A raised level of ADH in test animals confirms it to be a potential marker in the early diagnosis of Ii. | Upendra R Gumaste Mukund M Joshi Devendra T Mourya Pradip V Barde Ghanshyam K Shrivastav Vikram S Ghole | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，6： | 9 |
| 9 | Cranial base chordoma——long term outcome and review of the literature显示文摘BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to clarify the latest long-term therapeutic result for cranial base chordomas.We are seeking an improvement of long term therapeutic outcome through a review of cranial base chordomas treated in | Yoneoka Y Tsumanuma I Fukuda M Tamura T Morii K Tanaka R Fujii Y | 2008 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2008，6，3： | 9 |
| 10 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 11 | 文献快报(4):肥胖儿童长期接触空气污染,更易患2型糖尿病显示文摘世界人口中2型糖尿病平均患病率为2%~6%,其中儿童2型糖尿病占所有2型糖尿病的1%~2%。目前多认为肥胖、高能量饮食、体力活动不足、高血压、血脂异常等是2型糖尿病的主要危险因素。来自《糖尿病》(Diabetes)杂志上的一项最新研究显示:居住在空气污染水平较高地区的拉丁裔儿童患2型糖尿病的风险更高,这是首次在儿童群体中发现空气污染与糖尿病风险之间的关联。 | alderete t l habre r toledo-corral c m 孙莹(编译) | 2017 | 中国学校卫生2017，38，5： | 7 |
| 12 | Overexpression of HSP27 and HSP70 is associated with decreased survival among patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND Overexpression of heat shock proteins(HSPs) is associated with several malignancies and contributes to the development, progression, and metastasis of cancer, in addition to the inhibition of cellular death. In recent years, there has been active research into using HSP inhibitors in several malignancies. Due to the poor prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma(EAC), it would be valuable to find new biomarkers for the development of cancer treatments.AIM To evaluate the expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 and their effect on survival in EAC.METHODS Immunohistochemical analyses and evaluations of HSP27 and HSP70 expression were performed on all available samples from 93 patients diagnosed with EACbetween 1990 and 2007 at two university hospitals. Fifteen cases with Barrett's metaplasia and 5 control cases from the same patient population were included in the analysis. HSP expression was quantitatively assessed and classified as high or low. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox regression models adjusting for age and sex as well as tumor site, stage, and grade were used to evaluate the effect on survival.RESULTS Tumor stage and surgical treatment were the main prognostic factors. High HSP27 expression in cancer cases was a strong negative predictive factor, with a mean survival of 23 mo compared to the 49 mo in cases with a low expression(P= 0.018). The results were similar for HSP70, with a poorer survival of 17 mo in cases with high HSP70 expression, in contrast to 40 mo(P = 0.006) in cases with a low expression. A Cox regression survival analysis was performed, adjusting for possible confounding factors, and higher HSP27 and HSP70 expressions remained an independent negative prognostic factor. The HSPs' correlation with survival was not affected by cancer treatments. When the analysis was adjusted for all factors, the odds ratios for HSP27 and HSP70 were 3.3(CI: 1.6–6.6, P =0.001) and 2.2(CI: 1.2–3.9, P = 0.02), respectively.CONCLUSION HSP27 and HSP70 overexpression is associated with poor survival in EAC, which is, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time. | Henna K S?derstr?m Juha T Kauppi Niku Oksala Timo Paavonen Leena Krogerus Jari R?s?nen Tuomo Rantanen | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，3： | 7 |
| 13 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 14 | Src homology 2 domain-containing inositol-5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) negatively regulates TLR4-mediated LPS response primarily through a phosphatase activity- and PI-3K-independent mechanism显示文摘 | An H Xu H Zhang M Zhou J Feng T Qian C Qi R Cao X | 2006 | 第二军医大学学报2006，27，1： | 6 |
| 15 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 16 | Mechanical and cellular processes driving cervical myelopathy显示文摘Cervical myelopathy is a well-described clinical syndrome that may evolve from a combination of etiological mechanisms. It is traditionally classified by cervical spinal cord and/or nerve root compression which varies in severity and number of levels involved. The vast array of clinical manifestations of cervical myelopathy cannot fully be explained by the simple concept that a narrowed spinal canal causes compression of the cord, local tissue ischemia, injury and neurological impairment. Despite advances in surgical technology and treatment innovations, there are limited neuro-protective treatments for cervical myelopathy, which reflects an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiological processes involved in this disease. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the key pathophysiological processes at play in the development of cervical myelopathy. | Roisin T Dolan Joseph S Butler John M O'Byrne Ashley R Poynton | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，1： | 5 |
| 17 | 新辅助放化疗联合全直肠系膜切除术后接受辅助化疗不能改善Ⅱ/Ⅲ期直肠癌患者的无复发生存率显示文摘目的:目前,NCCN指南建议对局部进展期Ⅱ/Ⅲ期直肠癌先行新辅助放化疗(nCRT),然后行全直肠系膜切除术(TME)和辅助化疗。辅助化疗的肿瘤学获益尚未得到进一步证实。本研究的目的是评估nCRT+TME手术后接受辅助化疗的直肠癌患者肿瘤复发和生存情况。方法:本研究是在南加州的14家医院和相关诊所完成的回顾性研究,研究对象为2005年1月1日至2016年12月31日接受手术治疗的862例Ⅱ/Ⅲ期直肠癌患者,无论是否行辅助化疗,纳入研究的患者均接受了新辅助化疗以及全直肠系膜切除术。主要终点是无复发生存率。 | 李来元 VOSS R K LIN J C ROPER M T | 2020 | 结直肠肛门外科2020，26，2： | 5 |
| 18 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016，9，2： | 5 |
| 19 | 髓外造血影像学表现显示文摘 | Teufel M Bares R Ernemann U Horger M Tbingen 曹毅媛 | 2009 | 放射学实践2009，24，2： | 5 |
| 20 | 肠道菌群促进血管紧张素Ⅱ诱导的高血压和血管功能障碍显示文摘肠道微生物对宿主生理反应及对免疫功能的发展来说必不可少。肠道菌群对血压和全身血管功能等这些由免疫细胞功能决定的生理过程的影响知之甚少。方法:与常规饲养的小鼠(conventionally raised rats,CONV-R)比较,未受任何细菌影响的无菌小鼠(GF)表现出较为严重的全身性辅助性T细胞1型滞后。 | 刘莉 叶鹏 Karbach SH Schnfelder T Brandao I Wilms E Hrmann N Jckel S Schüler R Finger S Knorr M Lagrange J Brandt M Waisman A Kossmann S Schüfer K Münzel T Reinhardt C Wenzel P | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，10： | 5 |
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