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| 1 | Sitagliptin in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘AIM To evaluate the effect of sitagliptin vs placebo on histologic and non-histologic parameters of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS Twelve patients with biopsy-proven NASH were randomized to sitagliptin(100 mg daily)(n=6)or placebo(n=6)for 24 wk.The primary outcome was improvement in liver fibrosis after 24 wk.Secondary outcomes included evaluation of changes in NAFLD activity score(NAS),individual components of NAS(hepatocyte ballooning,lobular inflammation,and steatosis),glycemic control and insulin resistance[including measurements of glycated hemoglobin(Hb A1C)and adipocytokines],lipid profile including free fatty acids,adipose distribution measured using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),and thrombosis markers(platelet aggregation and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels).We also sought to determine the correlation between changes in hepatic fat fraction(%)[as measured using the Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least-squares estimation(IDEAL)MRI technique]and changes in hepatic steatosis on liver biopsy.RESULTS Sitagliptin was not significantly better than placebo at reducing liver fibrosis score as measured on liver biopsy(mean difference between sitagliptin and placebo arms,0.40,P=0.82).There were no significant improvements evident with the use of sitagliptin vs placebo for the secondary histologic outcomes of NAS total score as well as for the individual components of NAS.Compared to baseline,those patients who received sitagliptin demonstrated improved Hb A1C(6.7%±0.4%vs 7.9%±1.0%,P=0.02),and trended towards improved adiponectin levels(4.7±3.5μg/m L vs 3.9±2.7μg/m L,P=0.06)and triglyceride levels(1.26±0.43 mmol/L vs 2.80±1.64 mmol/L,P=0.08).However,when compared with placebo,sitagliptin did not cause a statistically significant improvement in Hb A1C(mean difference,-0.7%,P=0.19)nor triglyceride levels(mean difference-1.10mmol/L,P=0.19)but did trend towards improved adiponectin levels only(mean difference,0.60μg/m L,P=0.095).No significant changes in anthropometrics,liver enzymes,other adipocytokines,lipid profile,thrombosis parameters,or adipose distribution were demonstrated.The MRI IDEAL procedure correlated well with steatosis scores obtained on liver biopsy in both groups at baseline and post-treatment,and the Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from r=0.819(baseline)to r=0.878(post-treatment),P=0.002.CONCLUSION Sitagliptin does not improve fibrosis score or NAS after 24 wk of therapy.The MRI IDEAL technique may be useful for non-invasive measurement of hepatic steatosis. | Tisha R Joy Charles A McKenzie Rommel G Tirona Kelly Summers Shannon Seney Subrata Chakrabarti Neel Malhotra Melanie D Beaton | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Retrospective study on mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms from five European centres显示文摘BACKGROUND Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasm(MiNEN)is a rare diagnosis,mainly encountered in the gastro-entero-pancreatic tract.There is limited knowledge of its epidemiology,prognosis and biology,and the best management for affected patients is still to be defined.AIM To investigate clinical-pathological characteristics,treatment modalities and survival outcomes of a retrospective cohort of patients with a diagnosis of MiNEN.METHODS Consecutive patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of MiNEN were identified at 5 European centres.Patient data were retrospectively collected from medical records.Pathological samples were reviewed to ascertain compliance with the 2017 World Health Organisation definition of MiNEN.Tumour responses to systemic treatment were assessed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours 1.1.Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to estimate survival outcomes.Associations between clinical-pathological characteristics and survival outcomes were explored using Log-rank test for equality of survivors functions(univariate)and Cox-regression analysis(multivariable).RESULTS Sixty-nine consecutive patients identified;Median age at diagnosis:64 years.Males:63.8%.Localised disease(curable):53.6%.Commonest sites of origin:colon-rectum(43.5%)and oesophagus/oesophagogastric junction(15.9%).The neuroendocrine component was;predominant in 58.6%,poorly differentiated in 86.3%,and large cell in 81.25%,of cases analysed.Most distant metastases analysed(73.4%)were occupied only by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component.Ninety-four percent of patients with localised disease underwent curative surgery;53%also received perioperative treatment,most often in line with protocols for adenocarcinomas from the same sites of origin.Chemotherapy was offered to most patients(68.1%)with advanced disease,and followed protocols for pure neuroendocrine carcinomas or adenocarcinomas in equal proportion.In localised cases,median recurrence free survival(RFS);14.0 months(95%CI:9.2-24.4),and median overall survival(OS):28.6 months(95%CI:18.3-41.1).On univariate analysis,receipt of perioperative treatment(vs surgery alone)did not improve RFS(P=0.375),or OS(P=0.240).In advanced cases,median progression free survival(PFS);5.6 months(95%CI:4.4-7.4),and median OS;9.0 months(95%CI:5.2-13.4).On univariate analysis,receipt of palliative active treatment(vs best supportive care)prolonged PFS and OS(both,P<0.001).CONCLUSION MiNEN is most commonly driven by a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine component,and has poor prognosis.Advances in its biological understanding are needed to identify effective treatments and improve patient outcomes. | Melissa Frizziero Xin Wang Bipasha Chakrabarty Alexa Childs Tu V Luong Thomas Walter Mohid S Khan Meleri Morgan Adam Christian Mona Elshafie Tahir Shah Annamaria Minicozzi Wasat Mansoor Tim Meyer Angela Lamarca Richard A Hubner Juan W Valle Mairéad G McNamara | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，39： | 13 |
| 3 | Copy number variations are progressively associated with the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the association of known copy number variations(CNVs) in ulcerative colitis(UC) progressing to colorectal cancer.METHODS: Microsatellite instability analysis using the National Cancer Institute's panel of markers, and CNV association studies using Agilent 2 × 105 k arrays were done in tissue samples from four patient groups with UC: those at low risk(LR) or high risk of developing colorectal cancer, those with premalignant dysplastic lesions, and those with colitis-associated colorectal cancer(CAC). DNA from tissue samples of these groups were independently hybridized on arrays and analyzed. The data obtained were further subjected to downstream bioinformatics enrichment analysis to examine the correlation with CAC progression.RESULTS: Microarray analysis highlighted a progressive increase in the total number of CNVs [LR(n = 178) vs CAC(n = 958), 5.3-fold], gains and losses [LR(n = 37 and 141) vs CAC(n = 495 and 463), 13.4- and 3.3-fold, respectively], size [LR(964.2 kb) vs CAC(10540 kb), 10.9-fold] and the number of genes in such regions [LR(n = 119) vs CAC(n = 455), 3.8-fold]. Chromosomewise analysis of CNVs also showed an increase in the number of CNVs across each chromosome. There were 38 genes common to all four groups in the study; 13 of these were common to cancer genes from the Genetic Disease Association dataset. The gene set enrichment analysis and ontology analysis highlighted many cancerassociated genes. All the samples in the different groupswere microsatellite stable.CONCLUSION: Increasing numbers of CNVs are associated with the progression of UC to CAC, and warrant further detailed exploration. | Bhadravathi Marigowda Shivakumar Harish Rotti Thanvanthri Gururajan Vasudevan Aswath Balakrishnan Sanjiban Chakrabarty Ganesh Bhat Lakshmi Rao Cannanore Ganesh Pai Kapaettu Satyamoorthy | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，2： | 10 |
| 4 | Chicken collagen hydrolysates differentially mediate anti-inflammatory activity and type I collagen synthesis on human dermal fibroblasts显示文摘Collagen is a major extracellular matrix protein.Given the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant profiles of these bioactive compounds,there has been increasing interest in using collagen derived peptides and peptide-rich collagen hydrolysates for skin health,due to their immunomodulatory,antioxidant and proliferative effects on dermal fibroblasts.However,all hydrolysates are not equally effective in exerting the beneficial effects;hence,further research is needed to determine the factors that improve the therapeutic applicability of such preparations.We used different enzymatic conditions to generate a number of different collagen hydrolysates with distinct peptide profiles.We found that the use of two rather than one enzyme for hydrolysis generates a greater abundance of low molecular weight peptides with consequent improvement in bioactive properties.Testing these hydrolysates on human dermal fibroblasts showed distinct actions on inflammatory changes,oxidative stress,type I collagen synthesis and cellular proliferation.Our findings suggest that different enzymatic conditions affect the peptide profile of hydrolysates and differentially regulate their biological activities and potential protective responses on dermal fibroblasts. | Marina Offengenden Subhadeep Chakrabarti Jianping Wu | 2018 | Food Science and Human Wellness2018，7，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Protein phosphatase PP1γ2 in sperm morphogenesis and epididymal initiation of sperm motility显示文摘serine/threonine 磷酸酶(PP1 ) 对碘氧基苯甲醚 PP1 γ 2,主要在睾丸表示了,是在精子的关键酶。高 PP1 γ 2 在在不成熟的精子的支票的催化活动抓住活动性。在在鞭毛的不成熟的精子和活动性刺激和变化的 PP1 γ 2 原因活动性开始的抑制在成熟精子打败了参数。PP1 γ 2 对碘氧基苯甲醚在学习的所有哺乳动物的精子是在场的:老鼠,老鼠,仓鼠,牛的、非人类的首领和人。我们现在识别了在精子以内调整 PP1 γ 2 的不同水池的至少四它的规章的蛋白质。我们的研究提供新卓见进位于精子活动性的开发和规定下面的生物化学的机制。我们假设那由于磷酸化在精子 PP1 γ 2 活动变化,到催化子单元的规章的蛋白质的可逆绑定在活动性和精子的能力的开发和规定是批评的使肥沃卵。Ppp1cc 基因的指向的混乱,编码 PP1 γ 1 或 PP1 γ 2 isoforms,由于损害精子形式在老鼠引起男不孕。我们的观察建议除了活动性,蛋白质 phosphatasePP1 γ 2 可能在哺乳动物的精子的专业化 flagellarstructures 的发展玩 isoform 特定的功能。 | Rumela Chakrabarti Lina Cheng Pawan Purl David Soler Srinivasan Vijayaraghavan | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Mesenchymal stem cell treatment improves outcome of COVID-19 patients via multiple immunomodulatory mechanisms显示文摘The infusion of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)patients with mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)potentially improves clinical symptoms,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.We conducted a randomized,single-blind,placebo-controlled(29 patients/group)phase II clinical trial to validate previous findings and explore the potential mechanisms.Patients treated with umbilical cord-derived MSCs exhibited a shorter hospital stay(P=0.0198)and less time required for symptoms remission(P=0.0194)than those who received placebo.Based on chest images,both severe and critical patients treated with MSCs showed improvement by day 7(P=0.0099)and day 21(P=0.0084).MSC-treated patients had fewer adverse events.MSC infusion reduced the levels of C-reactive protein,proinflammatory cytokines,and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)and promoted the maintenance of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies.To explore how MSCs modulate the immune system,we employed single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on peripheral blood.Our analysis identified a novel subpopulation of VNN2+hematopoietic stem/progenitorlike(HSPC-like)cells expressing CSF3R and PTPRE that were mobilized following MSC infusion.Genes encoding chemotaxis factors—CX3CR1 and L-selectin—were upregulated in various immune cells.MSC treatment also regulated B cell subsets and increased the expression of costimulatory CD28 in T cells in vivo and in vitro.In addition,an in vivo mouse study confirmed that MSCs suppressed NET release and reduced venous thrombosis by upregulating kindlin-3 signaling.Together,our results underscore the role of MSCs in improving COVID-19 patient outcomes via maintenance of immune homeostasis. | Rongjia Zhu Tingdong Yan Yingmei Feng Yan Liu Hongcui Cao Gongxin Peng Yanlei Yang Zhen Xu Jingqi Liu Wei Hou Xiaoyue Wang Zhe Li Luchan Deng Shihua Wang Jing Li Qin Han Hongling Li Guangliang Shan Yinghao Cao Xingyan An Jianshe Yan Zhonghui Zhang Huafei Li Xuebin Qu Jiaqi Zhu Shumin Zhou Jiao Wang Fengchun Zhang Jinming Gao Ronghua Jin Dayong Xu Yan-Qing Ma Tao Huang Shuang Peng Zhi Zheng Ilia Stambler Eric Gilson Lee Wei Lim Alexey Moskalev Antonio Cano Sasanka Chakrabarti Brun Ulfhake Huanxing Su Haoying Xu Sihuan Xu Feng Wei Holly MBrown-Borg Kyung-Jin Min Georgina Ellison-Hughes Calogero Caruso Kunlin Jin Robert Chunhua Zhao | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，12： | 5 |
| 7 | Early stage colon cancer: Current treatment standards, evolving paradigms, and future directions显示文摘Colon cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity throughout the world despite the availability of reliable screening tools and effective therapies.The majority of patients with colon cancer are diagnosed at an early stage(stages I to III),which provides an opportunity for cure.The current treatment paradigm of early stage colon cancer consists of surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in a select group of patients,which is directed at the eradication of minimal residual disease to achieve a cure.Surgery alone is curative for the vast majority of colon cancer patients.Currently,surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy can achieve long term survival in about two-thirds of colon cancer patients with nodal involvement.Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended for all patients with stage III colon cancer,while the benefit in stage II patients is not unequivocally established despite several large clinical trials.Contemporary research in early stage colon cancer is focused on minimally invasive surgical techniques,strategies to limit treatment-related toxicities,precise patient selection for adjuvant therapy,utilization of molecular and clinicopathologic information to personalize therapy and exploration of new therapies exploiting the evolving knowledge of tumor biology.In this review,we will discuss the current standard treatment,evolving treatment paradigms,and the emerging biomarkers,that will likely help improve patient selection and personalization of therapy leading to superior outcomes. | Sakti Chakrabarti Carrie Y Peterson Deepika Sriram Amit Mahipal | 2020 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2020，12，8： | 4 |
| 8 | Gender differences in caregiving among family- caregivers of people with mental illnesses显示文摘All over the world women are the predominant providers of informal care for family members with chronic medical conditions or disabilities, including the elderly and adults with mental illnesses. It has been suggested that there are several societal and cultural demands on women to adopt the role of a family-caregiver. Stress-coping theories propose that women are more likely to be exposed to caregiving stressors, and are likely to perceive, report and cope with these stressors differently from men. Many studies, which have examined gender differences among family-caregivers of people with mental illnesses, have concluded that women spend more time in providing care and carry out personal-care tasks more often than men. These studies have also found that women experience greater mental and physical strain, greater caregiver-burden, and higher levels of psychological distress while providing care. However, almost an equal number of studies have not found any differences between men and women on these aspects. This has led to the view that though there may be certain differences between male and female caregivers, most of these are small in magnitude and of doubtful clinical significance. Accordingly, caregivergender is thought to explain only a minor proportion of the variance in negative caregiving outcomes. A similar inconsistency characterizes the explanations provided for gender differences in caregiving such as role expectations, differences in stress, coping and social support, and response biases in reporting distress. Apart from the equivocal and inconsistent evidence, there are other problems in the literature on gender differences in caregiving. Most of the evidence has been derived from studies on caregivers of elderly people who either suffer from dementia or other physical conditions. Similar research on other mental illnesses such as schizophrenia or mood disorders is relatively scarce. With changing demographics and social norms men are increasingly assuming roles as caregivers. However, the experience of men while providing care has not been explored adequately. The impact of gender on caregiving outcomes may be mediated by several other variables including patient-related factors, socio-demographic variables, and effects of kinship status, culture and ethnicity, but these have seldom been considered in the research on gender differences. Finally, it is apparent that methodological variations in samples, designs andassessments between studies contribute a great deal to the observed gender differences. This review highlights all these issues and concludes that there is much need for further research in this area if the true nature of gender differences in family-caregiving of mental illnesses is to be discerned. | Nidhi Sharma Subho Chakrabarti Sandeep Grover | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 4 |
| 9 | Sperm immobilization activity of Allium sativum L. and other plant extracts显示文摘Aim: To identify possible spermicidal agents through screening a number of edible medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity. Methods: Initial screening was made on the basis of ram cauda epididymal sperm immobiliza-tion immediately after addition of extracts. The most potent extract was selected and was evaluated on both ram and human spermatozoa. To unravel its mode of action several sperm functional tests were carried out, namely viability of cells, hypo-osmotic swelling test for membrane integrity and assays of membrane-bound enzyme 5'-nucleotidase and acrosomal marker enzyme acrosin. Results: The crude aqueous extract of the bulb ofAllium sativum L. Showed the most promising results by instant immobilization of the ram epididymal sperm at 0.25 g/mL and human ejaculated sperm at 0.5 g/mL. Sperm immobilizing effects were irreversible and the factor of the extract responsible for immobilization was thermostable up to 90℃. On boiling at 100℃ for 10 minutes, this activity was markedly reduced. Moreover, this extract was able to cause aggregation of ram sperms into small clusters after 30 minutes of incubation at 37℃. However this property was not found in human spermatozoa. More than 50 % reduction in sperm viability and hypo-osmotic swelling occurred in treated sperm as compared with the controls, indicating the possibility of plasma membrane disintegration which was further supported by the significant reduction in the activity of membrane bound 5''-nucleotidase and acrosomal acrosin. Conclusion: The crude aqueous extract of A. Sativum bulb possesses spermicidal activity in vitro. (Asian J Androl 2003 Jun, 5:131-135 ) | Kausiki Chakrabarti Sulagna Pal Asok K.Bhattacharyya | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，2： | 4 |
| 10 | A brief survey of computerized expert systems for crop protection being used in India显示文摘In the recent years, a plethora of computerized expert systems has been developed for various sectors of agriculture in India. The availability of low-cost computers, agricultural knowledge and information technology professionals are the principal reasons for the development of so many agricultural expert systems. Among all agricultural expert systems, the expert systems for crop protection need special mention. These expert systems are meant to be used by farmers and other persons without much experience of using computers. Hence, special care must be taken while developing them. The current paper develops a taxonomy for the expert systems for crop pro- tection and briefly discusses four such expert systems for crop protection being used in India. | Pinaki Chakraborty Dilip Kumar Chakrabarti | 2008 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2008，18，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Protective Effect of Distillate and Redistillate of Cow’s Urine in Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Challenged With Established Genotoxic Chemicals显示文摘Objective From the ancient period cow’urine has been used as a medicine. In Veda, cow’urine was compared to the nectar. In Susrut, several medicinal properties of cow’ urine have been mentioned and are known to cause weight loss, reversal of certain cardiac and kidney problems, indigestion, stomach ache, edema, etc. However, the literature and scripture did not mention the antigenotoxic properties of cow’urine. Methods In the present investigation, the antigenotoxic/ antioxidant properties of cow’ urine distillate and redistillate were studied in vitro. The antioxidant status and volatile fatty acid levels were determined. Actinomycin-D (0.1ol/L) and hydrogen peroxide (150 mol/L) were used for inducing DNA strand break with 0.1% DMSO as negative control. Dose for the antigenotoxic effect of cow’ urine was chosen from the dose response study carried out earlier. Results Both actinomycin-D and H2O2 caused statistically significant DNA unwinding of 80% & 75% respectively (P<0.001) as revealed by fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding (FADU), and the damage could be protected with the redistilled cow urine distillate (1, 50 & 100 ) in simultaneous treatment with genotoxic chemicals. Conclusion The redistillate of cowurine was found to possess total antioxidant status of around 2.6 mmol, contributed mainly by volatile fatty acids (1500 mg/L) as revealed by the GC-MS studies. These fatty acids and other antioxidants might cause the observed protective effects. | K.KRISHNAMURTHI DIPANWITA DUTTA S.D.SIVANESAN T. CHAKRABARTI | 2004 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2004，17，3： | 3 |
| 12 | Usefulness of telepsychiatry:A critical evaluation of videoconferencing-based approaches显示文摘Telepsychiatry, i.e., the use of information and communication technologies to provide psychiatric services from a distance, has been around for more than half a century now. Research over this period has shown that videoconferencing-based telepsychiatry is an enabling and empowering form of service delivery, which promotes equality of access, and high levels of satisfaction among patients. The range of services offered by videoconferencing-based telepsychiatry, potential users and points of delivery of such services are theoretically limitless. Telepsychiatry has both clinical utility and non-clinical uses such as administrative, learning and research applications. A large body of accumulated evidence indicates that videoconferencingbased telepsychiatric assessments are reliable, and clinical outcomes of telepsychiatric interventions are comparable to conventional treatment among diverse patient populations, ages and diagnostic groups, and on a wide range of measures. However, on many aspects of effectiveness, the evidence base is still relatively limited and often compromised by methodological problems. The lack of cost-effectiveness data in particular, is a major hindrance, raising doubts about the continued viability of telepsychiatric services. Added to this are the vagaries of technology, negative views among clinicians, poor uptake by providers, and several legal, ethical and administrative barriers. These hamper the widespread implementation of telepsychiatry and its integration with routine care. Though further advances in technology and research are expected to solve many of these problems, the way forward would be to promote telepsychiatry as an adjunct to conventional care, and to develop hybrid models, which incorporate both traditional and telepsychiatric forms of mental health-care. | Subho Chakrabarti | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，3： | 3 |
| 13 | Phase II clinical trial of phlebotomy for non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘 | M. D. Beaton S. Chakrabarti M. Levstik M. Speechley P. Marotta P. Adams | 2013 | Aliment Pharmacol Ther2013，，7： | 3 |
| 14 | Clozapine resistant schizophrenia:Newer avenues of management显示文摘About 40%-70%of the patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia have a poor response to adequate treatment with clozapine.The impact of clozapineresistant schizophrenia(CRS)is even greater than that of treatment resistance in terms of severe and persistent symptoms,relapses and hospitalizations,poorer quality of life,and healthcare costs.Such serious consequences often compel clinicians to try different augmentation strategies to enhance the inadequate clozapine response in CRS.Unfortunately,a large body of evidence has shown that antipsychotics,antidepressants,mood stabilizers,electroconvulsive therapy,and cognitive-behavioural therapy are mostly ineffective in augmenting clozapine response.When beneficial effects of augmentation have been found,they are usually small and of doubtful clinical significance or based on low-quality evidence.Therefore,newer treatment approaches that go beyond the evidence are needed.The options proposed include developing a clinical consensus about the augmentation strategies that are most likely to be effective and using them sequentially in patients with CRS.Secondly,newer approaches such as augmentation with long-acting antipsychotic injections or multi-component psychosocial interventions could be considered.Lastly,perhaps the most effective way to deal with CRS would be to optimize clozapine treatment,which might prevent clozapine resistance from developing.Personalized dosing,adequate treatment durations,management of side effects and non-adherence,collaboration with patients and caregivers,and addressing clinician barriers to clozapine use are the principal ways of ensuring optimal clozapine treatment.At present,these three options could the best way to manage CRS until research provides more firm directions about the effective options for augmenting clozapine response. | Subho Chakrabarti | 2021 | World Journal of Psychiatry2021，11，8： | 2 |
| 15 | Treatment-adherence in bipolar disorder: A patient-centred approach显示文摘About half of the patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder(BD) become non-adherent during longterm treatment, a rate largely similar to other chronic illnesses and one that has remained unchanged over the years. Non-adherence in BD is a complex phenomenon determined by a multitude of influences. However, thereis considerable uncertainty about the key determinants of non-adherence in BD. Initial research on nonadherence in BD mostly limited itself to examining demographic, clinical and medication-related factors impacting adherence. However, because of inconsistent results and failure of these studies to address the complexities of adherence behaviour, demographic and illness-related factors were alone unable to explain or predict non-adherence in BD. This prompted a shift to a more patient-centred approach of viewing nonadherence. The central element of this approach includes an emphasis on patients' decisions regarding their own treatment based on their personal beliefs, life circumstances and their perceptions of benefits and disadvantages of treatment. Patients' decisionmaking processes are influenced by the nature of their relationship with clinicians and the health-care system and by people in their immediate environment. The primacy of the patient's perspective on non-adherence is in keeping with the current theoretical models and concordance-based approaches to adherence behaviour in BD. Research over the past two decades has further endorsed the critical role of patients' attitudes and beliefs regarding medications, the importance of a collaborative treatment-alliance, the influence of the family, and the significance of other patient-related factors such as knowledge, stigma, patient satisfaction and access to treatment in determining non-adherence in BD. Though simply moving from an illness-centred to a patientcentred approach is unlikely to solve the problem of nonadherence in BD, such an approach is more likely to lead to a better understanding of non-adherence and more likely to yield effective solutions to tackle this common and distressing problem afflicting patients with BD. | Subho Chakrabarti | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，4： | 2 |
| 16 | Contributions of Inflammatory Processes to the Development of the Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy显示文摘 | Timothy S. Kern Subrata Chakrabarti | 2007 | Experimental Diabetes Research2007，，： | 2 |
| 17 | Credit Contagion Channels: Market Microstructure Evidence from Lehman Brothers’ Bankruptcy显示文摘 | Bidisha Chakrabarty Gaiyan Zhang | 2012 | Financial Management2012，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Frequency and significance of hepatitis B virus surface gene variant circulating among ‘antiHBc only’ individuals in Eastern India显示文摘 | Arup Banerjee Partha K. Chandra Sibnarayan Datta Avik Biswas Prasun Bhattacharya Subhasis Chakraborty Sekhar Chakrabarti Sujit Kumar Bhattacharya Runu Chakravarty | 2007 | Journal of Clinical Virology2007，，4： | 2 |
| 19 | Comorbidity of bipolar and anxiety disorders:An overview of trends in research显示文摘Over the last three decades burgeoning research has shown that anxiety disorder comorbidity is not only highly prevalent in bipolar disorder(BD),but it also adversely impacts the course,outcome,and treatment of BD.The present review provides an overview of the current trends in research on comorbid anxiety and BDs based on prior reviews and meta-analyses(n=103),epidemiological surveys,and large-scale clinical studies.The results reiterated the fact that at least half of those with BD are likely to develop an anxiety disorder in their lifetimes and a third of them will manifest an anxiety disorder at any point of time.All types of anxiety disorders were equally common in BD.However,there was a wide variation in rates across different sources,with most of this discrepancy being accounted for by methodological differences between reports.Comorbid anxiety disorders negatively impacted the presentation and course of BD.This unfavourable clinical profile led to poorer outcome and functioning and impeded treatment of BD.Despite the extensive body of research there was paucity of data on aetiology and treatment of anxiety disorder comorbidity in BD.Nevertheless,the substantial burden and unique characteristics of this comorbidity has important clinical and research implications. | Mamidipalli Sai Spoorthy Subho Chakrabarti Sandeep Grover | 2019 | World Journal of Psychiatry2019，9，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Effects of antigen and genetic adjuvants on immune responses to human immunodeficiency virus DNA vaccines in mice显示文摘 | Moore AC Kong WP Chakrabarti BK | 2002 | J Virol2002，76，1： | 2 |
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