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| 1 | Recent progress of integrated circuits and optoelectronic chips显示文摘Integrated circuits(ICs)and optoelectronic chips are the foundation stones of the modern information society.The IC industry has been driven by the so-called'Moore's law'in the past 60 years,and now has entered the post Moore's law era.In this paper,we review the recent progress of ICs and optoelectronic chips.The research status,technical challenges and development trend of devices,chips and integrated technologies of typical IC and optoelectronic chips are focused on.The main contents include the development law of IC and optoelectronic chip technology,the IC design and processing technology,emerging memory and chip architecture,brain-like chip structure and its mechanism,heterogeneous integration,quantum chip technology,silicon photonics chip technology,integrated microwave photonic chip,and optoelectronic hybrid integrated chip. | Yue HAO Shuiying XIANG Genquan HAN Jincheng ZHANG Xiaohua MA Zhangming ZHU Xingxing GUO Yahui ZHANG Yanan HAN Ziwei SONG Yan LIU Ling YANG Hong ZHOU Jiangyi SHI Wei ZHANG Min XU Weisheng ZHAO Biao PAN Yangqi HUANG Qi LIU Yimao CAI Jian ZHU Xin OU Tiangui YOU Huaqiang WU Bin GAO Zhiyong ZHANG Guoping GUO Yonghua CHEN Yong LIU Xiangfei CHEN Chunlai XUE Xingjun WANG Lixia ZHAO Xihua ZOU Lianshan YAN Ming LI | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，10： | 7 |
| 2 | Cross-sectional survey of the relationship of symptomatology, disability and family burden among patients with schizophrenia in Sichuan, China显示文摘 | Zhuoqiu ZHANG Hong DENG Ying CHEN Shuiying LI Qian ZHOU Hua LAI Lifang LIU Ling LIU wenwu SHEN | 2014 | 上海精神医学2014，26，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Photonic integrated spiking neuron chip based on a self-pulsating DFB laser with a saturable absorber显示文摘We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a simple and novel photonic spiking neuron based on a distributed feedback(DFB)laser chip with an intracavity saturable absorber(SA).The DFB laser with an intracavity SA(DFBSA)contains a gain region and an SA region.The gain region is designed and fabricated by the asymmetric equivalentπ-phase shift based on the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp technique.Under properly injected current in the gain region and reversely biased voltage in the SA region,periodic self-pulsation was experimentally observed due to the Q-switching effect.The self-pulsation frequency increases with the increase of the bias current and is within the range of several gigahertz.When the bias current is below the self-pulsation threshold,neuronlike spiking responses appear when external optical stimulus pulses are injected.Experimental results show that the spike threshold,temporal integration,and refractory period can all be observed in the fabricated DFB-SA chip.To numerically verify the experimental findings,a time-dependent coupled-wave equation model was developed,which described the physics processes inside the gain and SA regions.The numerical results agree well with the experimental measurements.We further experimentally demonstrated that the weighted sum output can readily be encoded into the self-pulsation frequency of the DFB-SA neuron.We also benchmarked the handwritten digit classification task with a simple single-layer fully connected neural network.By using the experimentally measured dependence of the self-pulsation frequency on the bias current in the gain region as an activation function,we can achieve a recognition accuracy of 92.2%,which bridges the gap between the continuous valued artificial neural networks and spike-based neuromorphic networks.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first experimental demonstration of a photonic integrated spiking neuron based on a DFB-SA,which shows great potential to realizing large-scale multiwavelength photonic spiking neural network chips. | YUECHUN SHI SHUIYING XIANG XINGXING GUO YAHUI ZHANG HONGJI WANG DIANZHUANG ZHENG YUNA ZHANG YANAN HAN YONG ZHAO XIAOJUN ZHU XIANGFEI CHEN XUN LI YUE HAO | 2023 | Photonics Research2023，11，8： | 2 |
| 4 | Pattern recognition in multi-synaptic photonic spiking neural networks based on a DFB-SA chip显示文摘Spiking neural networks(SNNs)utilize brain-like spatiotemporal spike encoding for simulating brain functions.Photonic SNN offers an ultrahigh speed and power efficiency platform for implementing high-performance neuromorphic computing.Here,we proposed a multi-synaptic photonic SNN,combining the modified remote supervised learning with delayweight co-training to achieve pattern classification.The impact of multi-synaptic connections and the robustness of the network were investigated through numerical simulations.In addition,the collaborative computing of algorithm and hardware was demonstrated based on a fabricated integrated distributed feedback laser with a saturable absorber(DFB-SA),where 10 different noisy digital patterns were successfully classified.A functional photonic SNN that far exceeds the scale limit of hardware integration was achieved based on time-division multiplexing,demonstrating the capability of hardware-algorithm co-computation. | Yanan Han Shuiying Xiang Ziwei Song Shuang Gao Xingxing Guo Yahui Zhang Yuechun Shi Xiangfei Chen Yue Hao | 2023 | Opto-Electronic Science2023，2，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Photonic integrated neuro-synaptic core for convolutional spiking neural network显示文摘Neuromorphic photonic computing has emerged as a competitive computing paradigm to overcome the bottlenecks of the von-Neumann architecture.Linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation are two fundamental functions of a photonic spiking neural network(PSNN).However,they are separately implemented with different photonic materials and devices,hindering the large-scale integration of PSNN.Here,we propose,fabricate and experimentally demonstrate a photonic neuro-synaptic chip enabling the simultaneous implementation of linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation based on a distributed feedback(DFB)laser with a saturable absorber(DFB-SA).A prototypical system is experimentally constructed to demonstrate the parallel weighted function and nonlinear spike activation.Furthermore,a fourchannel DFB-SA laser array is fabricated for realizing matrix convolution of a spiking convolutional neural network,achieving a recognition accuracy of 87%for the MNIST dataset.The fabricated neuro-synaptic chip offers a fundamental building block to construct the large-scale integrated PSNN chip. | Shuiying Xiang Yuechun Shi Yahui Zhang Xingxing Guo Ling Zheng Yanan Han Yuna Zhang Ziwei Song Dianzhuang Zheng Tao Zhang Hailing Wang Xiaojun Zhu Xiangfei Chen Min Qiu Yichen Shen Wanhua Zheng Yue Hao | 2023 | Opto-Electronic Advances2023，6，11： | 1 |
| 6 | Spiking information processing in a single photonic spiking neuron chip with double integrated electronic dendrites显示文摘Dendrites,branches of neurons that transmit signals between synapses and soma,play a vital role in spiking information processing,such as nonlinear integration of excitatory and inhibitory stimuli.However,the investigation of nonlinear integration of dendrites in photonic neurons and the fabrication of photonic neurons including dendritic nonlinear integration in photonic spiking neural networks(SNNs)remain open problems.Here,we fabricate and integrate two dendrites and one soma in a single Fabry–Perot laser with an embedded saturable absorber(FP-SA)neuron to achieve nonlinear integration of excitatory and inhibitory stimuli.Note that the two intrinsic electrodes of the gain section and saturable absorber(SA)section in the FP-SA neuron are defined as two dendrites for two ports of stimuli reception,with one electronic dendrite receiving excitatory stimulus and the other receiving inhibitory stimulus.The stimuli received by two electronic dendrites are integrated non-linearly in a single FP-SA neuron,which generates spikes for photonic SNNs.The properties of frequency encoding and spatiotemporal encoding are investigated experimentally in a single FP-SA neuron with two electronic dendrites.For SNNs equipped with FP-SA neurons,the range of weights between presynaptic neurons and postsynaptic neurons is varied from negative to positive values by biasing the gain and SA sections of FP-SA neurons.Compared with SNN with all-positive weights realized by only biasing the gain section of photonic neurons,the recognition accuracy of Iris flower data is improved numerically in SNN consisting of FP-SA neurons.The results show great potential for multi-functional integrated photonic SNN chips. | YAHUI ZHANG SHUIYING XIANG XINGXING GUO YANAN HAN YUECHUN SHI XIANGFEI CHEN GENQUAN HAN YUE HAO | 2023 | Photonics Research2023，11，12： | 0 |
| 7 | Nonlinear neural computation in an integrated FP-SA spiking neuron subject to incoherent dual-wavelength optical pulse injections显示文摘Photonic nonlinear computation is the critical cornerstone of photonic neuromorphic computing.As one of the key information function units in the photonic spiking neural networks,the photonic spiking neurons are responsible for the nonlinear computation of the network.Recently,the neuron-like nonlinear computation of the photonic spiking neuron has attracted considerable attention. | Ziwei SONG Shuiying XIANG Xingxing GUO Shuang GAO Biling GU Dianzhuang ZHENG Xiangfei CHEN Yuechun SHI | 2023 | Science China(Information Sciences)2023，66，12： | 0 |
| 8 | Targeted Poverty Alleviation and Justice显示文摘Poverty generally means a lack of material wealth,but this lack is often regarded as an evil,a symptom to be treated;thus,in the actual context,poverty reduction at all costs becomes a recognized good.Nevertheless,poverty may cause“evil”,but poverty itself does not mean evil.If multiple moral evaluations of poverty are eliminated,the impoverished individuals,especially those preferring to a lifestyle of rejection of material comforts can be looked at from a position of value-neutrality.In this way,poverty neither means evil nor deprivation of capabilities.Consequently,the ethical basis of the strategy,“Targeted Poverty Alleviation”should not be based on the moral judgment that“poverty is evil”or the ethical narrative that“poverty may lead to evil”,but rather“social justice”in this sense.Here I present an account that,“poverty”may take many forms in reality and“Targeted Poverty Alleviation”should have its restraint or limitations;meanwhile,defending the freedom and dignity of those who lack wealth is a more fundamental form of justice than reducing poverty. | LIU Songqing CHEN Shuiying | 2022 | Cultural and Religious Studies2022，10，5： | 0 |
| 9 | Experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection显示文摘We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a simple and novel photonic spiking neuron based on a distributed feedback(DFB)laser subject to side-mode optical pulse injection(SMOPI).The DFB laser chip is designed and fabricated based on asymmetric equivalentπphase shift(π-EPS)with the reconstruction-equivalent-chirp(REC)technique.Under side-mode continuous-wave(CW)optical injection,excitability pulse was experimentally observed during the dominant mode switching process due to the injection-locked effect.Based on the transition between the excitability regime and the side-mode injection locking effect,the controllable and repeatable neuron-like spiking response can be realized when external stimulus pulses are electro-optically modulated on the CW optical carrier.The experimental results show that the spike threshold,temporal integration,and refractory period,which are important spike processing mechanisms in biological neurons,can all be achieved in the optically-injected DFB laser.The experimental findings are also verified numerically with a rate equation model that considers the SMOPI.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first experimental demonstration of a photonic spiking neuron based on a DFB laser subject to SMOPI,which holds promise for realizing large-scale photonic spiking neuron arrays for hardware photonic spiking neural network chips. | Shuiying XIANG Shuang GAO Yuechun SHI Yuna ZHANG Ziwei SONG Xingxing GUO Yahui ZHANG Yuxin MA Xiangfei CHEN | 2024 | Science China(Information Sciences)2024，67，3： | 0 |
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