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| 1 | 2003年秋冬季西安大气中有机碳和元素碳的理化特征及其来源解析显示文摘2003年9月至2004年2月在西安站点开展了大气PM2.5和PM10中碳气溶胶的连续观测,并采集了三类主要污染来源样品(燃煤,机动车尾气和生物质燃烧)进行对比分析,采用IMPROVE-TOR 方法准确地测量了样品的有机碳(OC),元素碳(EC)及其中的8个碳组分含量.西安秋季和冬季大气 PM2.5中OC的平均含量ρOC分别为(34.1±18.0),(61.9±33.2)μg·m-3,EC的平均含量ρEC为 (11.3±6.9),(12.3±5.3)μg·m-3.OC和EC均主要赋存于PM2.5粒级中.秋季OC和EC的相关性好(R2>0.90),冬季一般(R2=0.66).总碳气溶胶在秋季PM2.5中占(48.8±10.1)%,在冬季也达到了(45.9±7.5)%.所有观测日的ρOC/ρEC比值均大于2.0,秋季PM2.5中ρOC/ρEC平均为3.3,冬季为 5.1,这可能主要与直接排放来源有关.由碳气溶胶的8个碳组分数据,采用绝对主分量分析获得了主要排放来源对总碳的贡献份额,即秋季汽油车尾气占73%,柴油车尾气占23%,生物质燃烧占 4%,而冬季燃煤占了44%,汽油车尾气占44%,生物质燃烧占9%,柴油车占3%。 | 曹军骥 李顺诚 李杨 Judith C.Chow Kochy Fung | 2005 | 自然科学进展2005，15，12： | 66 |
| 2 | PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5) chemical composition and source apportionment near a Hong Kong roadway显示文摘Twenty-four-hour PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) samples were collected simultaneously at a highly trafficked roadside site in Hong Kong every sixth day from October 2004 to September 2005.The mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),PM_(10-2.5)(defined as PM_(10)- PM_(2.5)),organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),water-soluble ions,and up to 25 elements were determined.Investigation of the chemical compositions and potential sources revealed distinct differences between PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5).The annual average mass concentrations were 55.5±25.5 and 25.9±15.7 ug/m^3 for PM_(2.5) and PM_(10-2.5),respectively.EC,OM(OM =OC×1.4),and ammonium sulfate comprised over ~82% of PM_(2.5),accounting for^29%,~27%,and ~25%,respectively,of the PM_(2.5) mass.Low OC/EC ratios(less than 1) for PM_(2.5) suggested that fresh diesel-engine exhaust was a major contributor.Seven sources were resolved for PM_(2.5) by positive matrix factorization(PMF) model,including vehicle emissions(~29%),secondary inorganic aerosols(~27%),waste incinerator/biomass burning(~23%),residual oil combustion(~10%),marine aerosols(~6%),industrial exhaust(~4%),and resuspended road dust(~1%).EC and OM comprised only ~19%of PM_(10-2.5).The average OC/EC ratio of PM_(10-2.5) was 7.8±14.2,suggesting that sources other than vehicular exhaust were important contributors.The sources for PM_(10-2.5) determined by the PMF model included ~20%traffic-generated resuspension(e.g.,tire dust/brake linear/petrol evaporation),~17% locally resuspended road dust,~17% marine aerosols,~12% secondary aerosols/field burning,and ~11%vehicle emissions. | Yan Cheng Shuncheng Lee Zhaolin Gu Kinfai Ho Yunwei Zhang Yu Huang Judith C.Chow John G.Watson Junji Cao Renjian Zhang | 2015 | Particuology2015，13，1： | 14 |
| 3 | Source apportionment of atmospheric particulate carbon in Las Vegas,Nevada,USA显示文摘研究被进行确定到在在拉斯维加斯山谷的四个城市的地点的碳的 PM2.5 的来源类型的冬贡献,在西南的美国的最快成长的城市的区域之一。24 个小时平均的周围的样品为质量,离子,元素,器官的碳(OC ) ,元素的碳(EC ) ,和踪迹被收集器官的标记分析。另外的大小被做决定日报在轻吸收的黑碳(BC ) 的模式作为为燃烧来源的一个标记。在道路上汽油车辆,在道路上柴油机车辆,和越野的柴油机引擎的碳的下午来源与他们的化学侧面,以及基于燃料的排放因素被描绘,用一个在里面羽毛采样系统。有效变化化学集体平衡(EV-CMB ) 来源分配模型被用于收集的周围的样品,用在象从另外的相关研究的侧面一样的这研究开发的来源侧面。四主要来源在拉斯维加斯山谷以内贡献了 PM2.5 碳:(1 ) 铺了道路灰尘,(2 ) 在道路上汽油车辆,(3 ) 居住木头燃烧,并且(4 ) 在道路上柴油机车辆。CMB 估计在道路上混合了舰队汽油车辆根本是为 OC 和 EC 的最大的来源这些地点。到 OC 和 EC 的铺的道路灰尘的贡献在四个地点是 510% 。在道路上柴油机车辆在城市中心附近在一个地点贡献 22% OC 和 34% EC,它被定位一条主要马路立即顺风。居住木头燃烧比为二个居住邻居地点的在道路上柴油机车辆是更重要的来源。这些结果与我们的概念的模型一致,并且研究方法论可以被用于学习另外的城市的区域。 | Mark C.Green Judith C.Chow M.-C.Oliver Chang L.-W.Antony Chen Hampden D.Kuhns Vicken R.Etyemezian John G.Watson | 2013 | Particuology2013，11，1： | 5 |
| 4 | 秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内含硫颗粒物的SEM-EDX研究显示文摘对秦始皇兵马俑博物馆室内采集的长短期降尘、大气悬浮颗粒物和彩绘漆层进行了SEM—EDX研究,在大气悬浮颗粒、短期和’长期降尘中,含硫颗粒的粒径分别为0.9~22.8μm、1.0~29.0μm和1.2~37.7μm,多为石膏与粘土或石英以内部混合的状态存在.降尘中附着型絮状硫酸钙的比例多于大气悬浮颗粒物,显示降尘和大气中二氧化硫发生了累进化学反应.在彩绘漆层表面的坑和裂隙附近观察到原位生长的硫酸钙晶体,显示漆层材料或降尘颗粒物与大气二氧化硫之间的酸化学反应,可能是彩绘漆层表面受侵蚀形成微小坑和裂隙的原因之一. | 胡塔峰 曹军骥 李旭祥 董俊刚 沈振兴 Shun-Cheng Lee Judith C.Chow John G.Watson 容波 | 2007 | 中国科学院研究生院学报2007，24，5： | 3 |
| 5 | Effects of music and video on perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise显示文摘Background: Dissociative attentional stimuli(e.g., music, video) are effective in decreasing ratings of perceived exertion(RPE) during low-tomoderate intensity exercise, but have inconsistent results during exercise at higher intensity. The purpose of this study was to assess attentional focus and RPE during high-intensity exercise as a function of being exposed to music, video, both(music and video), or a no-treatment control condition.Methods: During the first session, healthy men(n = 15) completed a maximal fitness test to determine the workload necessary for high-intensity exercise(operationalized as 125% ventilatory threshold) to be performed during subsequent sessions. On 4 subsequent days, they completed 20 min of high-intensity exercise in a no-treatment control condition or while listening to music, watching a video, or both. Attentional focus, RPE,heart rate, and distance covered were measured every 4 min during the exercise.Results: Music and video in combination resulted in significantly lower RPE across time(partial η~2= 0.36) and the size of the effect increased over time(partial η~2= 0.14). Additionally, music and video in combination resulted in a significantly more dissociative focus than the other conditions(partial η~2= 0.29).Conclusion: Music and video in combination may result in lower perceived exertion during high-intensity exercise when compared to music or video in isolation. Future research will be necessary to test if reductions in perceived exertion in response to dissociative attentional stimuli have implications for exercise adherence. | Enoch C.Chow Jennifer L.Etnier | 2017 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2017，6，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Improved estimation of PM_(2.5) brown carbon contributions to filter light attenuation显示文摘Multiwavelength light attenuation measurements have been acquired as part of thermal/optical carbon analysis in the U.S.Chemical Speciation Network(CSN)and the Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments(IMPROVE)network beginning in 2016.These are used to estimate PM_(2.5)brown carbon(BrC)contributions to light absorption at various wavelengths,a useful method for separating biomass burning contributions from other sources.Attenuation of light transmitted through the filter deviates from Beers Law as the mass of light absorbing materials increase.This study estimates the effects of these deviations with empirical adjustment factors applied to samples for CSN from 2016 to 2017 and for IMPROVE from 2016 to 2019.Accounting for the filter loading effect results in an annual average increase of∼6-7%BrC contribution to light attenuation:from 3.6%to 10.7%for the urban,more heavily loaded CSN samples;and from 23.7%to 29.5%for the non-urban IMPROVE samples.An alternative method is examined for BrC and black carbon(BC)adjustments by calculating the AbsorptionÅngström Exponent(AAE)for BC(i.e.,AAE_(BC))based on the ratios of 635 nm/780 nm light attenuation rather than assuming AAE_(BC)of unity.These paired-wavelength calculations result in a median AAE_(BC)of 0.76 for CSN and 0.8 for IMPROVE,with the majority of samples(i.e.,91%of CSN and 70%of IMPROVE)showing AAE_(BC)<1.By assuming negligible contributions from BrC to AAE at longer wavelengths,the amount of light attenuation at shorter wavelengths(e.g.,405 nm)where BrC is dominant can be calculated.The paired-wavelength method applied to the filter loading adjusted data has a greater effect on urban(fresh)than on non-urban(aged)aerosols,resulting in a factor of two increase in annual averaged BrC light attenuation(from 10.7%to 21.6%)for CSN and by a factor of 1.11(from 29.5%to 32.7%)for IMPROVE samples.This result demonstrates the importance of particle loading and AAE correction on quantifying BrC light attenuation from multi-wavelength thermal/optical analysis. | Judith C.Chow L.-W.Antony Chen Xiaoliang Wang Mark C.Green John G.Watson | 2021 | Particuology2021，19，3： | 2 |
| 7 | Recent advances for aerosol and environment study in Asia显示文摘Rapid economic development over the past two decades in Asian countries such as China and India has raised awareness of pollution control measures necessary to protect public health and welfare.The 7th Asian Aerosol Conference(AAC) of the Asian Aerosol Research Assembly(AARA),was held in Xi'an,China,during August 17-20,2011.The 7th AAC engaged 550 participants from the sciences,industry,and regulatory communities from 21 countries.The conference included~350 plenary,platform,and poster presentations.In this special issue of PARTICUOLOGY,15 peer-reviewed scientific articles have been selected to publish from the conference abstracts to represent recent advances for aerosol and environment study in Asia. | Junji Cao Judith C.Chow | 2013 | Particuology2013，11，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Breast Cancer in Limited‐Resource Countries: An Overview of the Breast Health Global Initiative 2005 Guidelines显示文摘 | Benjamin O.Anderson RomanShyyan AlexandruEniu Robert A.Smith Cheng‐HarYip Nuran SenelBese Louis W. C.Chow ShahlaMasood Scott D.Ramsey Robert W.Carlson | 2006 | The Breast Journal2006，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Rates of Return to Schooling in China显示文摘 | Johnson EmilyN Gregory C.Chow | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 10 | CXC chemokine receptor CXCR4 expression enhances tumorigenesis and angiogenesis of basal cell carcinoma显示文摘 | G‐S.Chen H‐S.Yu C‐C.E.Lan K‐C.Chow T‐Y.Lin L‐F.Kok M‐P.Lu C‐H.Liu M‐T.Wu | 2006 | British Journal of Dermatology2006，，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Bile Duct Injuries Associated With Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Timing of Repair and Long-term Outcomes显示文摘 | Ajay K.Sahajpal MD FRCSC Simon C.Chow BSc Elijah Dixon MD MSc FRCSC | | 0，，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Rational Expectations is Not Generally Valid for Econometric Models; Evidence From Stock Market Data显示文摘 | C.Chow Y.K.Kwan | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 13 | Capital Formation and Economic Growth in China显示文摘 | Gregory C.Chow | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Rates of Return to Schooling in China显示文摘 | Emily N.Johnson Gregory C.Chow | 2002 | Pacific Economic Review2002，，2： | 1 |
| 15 | The associations of body mass index, C‐peptide and metabolic status in Chinese Type?2 diabetic patients显示文摘 | W. B.Chan P. C. Y.Tong C. C.Chow W. Y.So M. C. Y.Ng R. C. W.Ma R.Osaki C. S.Cockram J. C. N.Chan | 2004 | Diabetic Medicine2004，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Rates of Return to Schooling in China显示文摘 | Emily N.Johnson Gregory C.Chow | 2002 | Pacific Economic Review2002，，2： | 1 |
| 17 | 上海、纽约股票价格指数的时间序列分析显示文摘 | Gregory C.Chow Caroline C.Lawler 郭鹏辉 | 2004 | 经济资料译丛2004，，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Dilution sampling and analysis of particulate matter in biomass-derived syngas显示文摘Thermochemical biomass gasification,followedby conversion of the produced syngas to fuels andelectrical power,is a promising energy alternative.Realworldcharacterization of particulate matter(PM)and othercontaminants in the syngas is important to minimizedamage and ensure efficient operation of the engines itpowers and the fuels created from it.A dilution samplingsystem is demonstrated to quantify PM in syngas generatedfrom two gasification plants utilizing different biomassfeedstocks:a BioMax®15 Biopower System that uses rawand torrefied woodchips as feedstocks,and an integratedbiorefinery(IBR)that uses rice hulls and woodchips asfeedstocks.PM_(2.5)mass concentrations in syngas from theIBR downstream of the purification system were 12.8-13.7μg·m^(-3),which were significantly lower than themaximum level for catalyst protection(500μg·m^(-3))andwere 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than those inBioMax®15 syngas(2247-4835μg·m^(-3)).Ultrafine particlenumber concentration and PM_(2.5)chemical constituentswere also much lower in the IBR syngas than in theBioMax®15.The dilution sampling system enabledreliable measurements over a wide range of concentrations:the use of high sensitivity instruments allowed measurementat very low concentrations(~1μg·m^(-3)),while theflexibility of dilution minimized sampling problems thatare commonly encountered due to high levels of tars in rawsyngas(~1 g·m^(-3)). | Xiaoliang WANG Curtis ROBBINS S.Kent HOEKMAN Judith C.CHOW John G.WATSON Dennis SCHUETZLE | 2011 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2011，5，3： | 0 |
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